Entrepreneurial Sector Research Articles

Women’s speech, a call for economic empowerment: An appraisal analysis

The phenomenon of women participation in entrepreneurship sector is rising significantly during the last decade. In reality, women still face many barriers in entrepreneurship both professionally and personally. In 29 August 2019, Najwa Shihab delivered an inspiring keynote speech in Global Conference on Women and Entrepreneurship held by Alibaba and Lazada in Jakarta. Since Najwa Shihab's speech got many responses from the audiences, it is highly considerable to investigate the content of the speech from a linguistic point of view. This study aimed at analyzing the spoken text from Najwa Shihab’s speech through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). For specific investigation, Appraisal framework was used in this study. The study focused on the attitude which relates to the feelings, emotion, reactions, and judgments of behaviour on Najwa Shihab’s speech about women and entrepreneurship. The design of the study was descriptive qualitative. The findings showed that the speech used 55 clauses which consisted of 27 clauses of affect (49%), 18 clauses of judgment (33%), and 10 clauses of appreciation (18%). All clause-complexes had attitudes. The use of affect dominated the percentage of attitudes. Furthermore, this speech also encouraged women to do 3 things: dare to change the paradigm of clichés and stereotypes into strength, dare to take a role in the national and global economy to ensure that women's voices and perspectives are present in every discussion and decision making, and support each other and bring the community that can empower other women.

ДО ПИТАННЯ АНАЛІЗУВАННЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОГО СЕКТОРУ

The study reveals the relevance of the problem of improving the methodological and applied support for the analysis and implementation of the state policy of strengthening the financial and economic security of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to improve the methodological principles of analyzing the financial and economic security of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy. A description of some of the existing methodological approaches to the analysis of financial and economic security at the level of a sector (branch) of the economy is provided. The author's methodology was developed and the distribution of enterprises by types of economic activity was carried out according to the level of entry into the risk critical zone according to the indicators – «share of non-operating enterprises», «share of unprofitable enterprises» and «amount of loss per unprofitable enterprise». In order to form a higher-quality informational and methodological basis of the state policy of strengthening the financial and economic security of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy, changes to the composition and volume of statistical information have been initiated in order to enable the calculation of the following indicators: the share of overdue receivables and payables of business entities, including types of economic activity; average conditional actual indicator of liquidity of entities of the business sector; the average conditional actual indicator of the financial stability of entrepreneurship. The applied value of the research results is that the directions and means of the state policy of strengthening the financial and economic security of the entrepreneurial sector of the economy have been determined. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the further development of the method of analyzing financial and economic security, which, in contrast to its application at the microeconomic level, is proposed and substantiated to be carried out at the meso-level management of the national economy.

METHODICAL BASIS FOR MANAGING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SECTOR OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

The article provides a scientific justification of the importance of ensuring and increasing the level of economic security of the business sector, which implies positive and progressive changes in the development of the national economy. It is emphasized that when forming the economic security management system of the business sector, it is necessary to take into account that ensuring economic security includes determining the types and causes of negative impacts on its level. A number of elements of the economic security management system of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy, which form the methodological basis for its formation and improvement, are highlighted. It is proposed to consider the economic security management system of the entrepreneurial sector as the ability of enterprises to effectively carry out economic activities, use resource opportunities, realize economic interests and innovative development potential, ensure competitiveness. As a result, it is proposed to divide the economic security management system of the business sector into subject-object (subjects and objects) and management (functions, goals, directions) levels. An essential characteristic of managing the economic security of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy is the stability and stability of functioning, the presence of “compensatory functioning”, which means the ability to maintain the stability of activity under the conditions of the realization of external and internal threats. It was concluded that the methodological foundations of economic security management of the business sector relate, on the one hand, to the substantiation of the processes of preserving the commercial secret of the enterprise, and on the other hand, to the preparation of enterprises to conduct economic activity under the influence of the external environment and to adapt to it while maintaining a sufficient level of economic efficiency and security.

THE CONCEPT OF DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN ENSURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

The article highlights the war-induced problems of formation and realization of the market potential of subjects of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy. Based on the analysis of scientific views on the essential content of the definition “market potential of the enterprise”, it was concluded that they are dominated by the marketing component of work with the market, which limits management decisions regarding the development of market potential to the sphere of work with consumers. The need to expand this interpretation towards the assessment of the economic feasibility of decisions is argued, which makes it possible to more effectively manage the processes of its expansion, including through the implementation of measures that make it possible to ensure its development, relying on the support of a wider range of stakeholders. The author’s position regarding the management of the processes of building up and developing the market potential of the enterprise based on the concept of “diversity management” was formed. In the light of this concept, the definition of an enterprise is presented as a socio-economic system, designed taking into account the diversity of factors of the external environment and with a rationally justified (from the point of view of the goals of effective functioning) set of structural elements and a system of connections between them, which provides the necessary for the creation of products (services ) the level of diversity, efficiency and effectiveness of technological and management processes aimed at creating consumer values, taking into account the diversity of consumer preferences in selected market segments. This made it possible to outline the spheres and directions of enrichment of diversity in the structure of resources, processes and target markets for the development of the market potential of the enterprise. It is noted that the key sign of the expediency of increasing the level of diversity in the structure of resources, processes and target markets should be the ability of the enterprise to create new consumer values. The importance of developing cooperation with all groups of stakeholders in the field of innovative design of consumer values and technological equipment of innovative business processes is emphasized.

Is e-Government a Driver to Enhance Entrepreneurship? An Empirical Investigation of European Countries

Abstract This paper investigates the influences of digital public services on the ease of setting up a new business in 28 European countries during the period of 2012–2019. The development of digital public services is reflected in business mobility and key enablers. The digitalization-entrepreneurship nexus is analyzed by using the panel corrected standard error (PCSE) model, while we employ the dynamic fixed effects estimator (DFE) used in the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to measure the short-run and long-run effects. Our results indicate that the online delivery of government services positively affects the density of entrepreneurship in a country. We find robust results utilizing various econometric techniques and adding further explanatory variables. However, the positive effects of offering public services online are only found in the long run. Using digital public services benefits the entrepreneurial sectors by reducing the time and costs required to start a new business. Notably, digital transformation in the public sector acts as a shield to protect enterprises by dampening the detrimental effects of uncertainty on entrepreneurship.

Pendampingan Pengembangan Usaha Frozen Ayam Kampung UKM “Mbok Sri” Kabupaten Sukoharjo untuk Bangkit pada Pandemi Covid-19

<strong>Business Assistance for Household Frozen Ayam Ungkep Mbok Sri Sukoharjo Regency during the Covid-19 Pandemic.</strong> The Covid-19 pandemic has been impacting entrepreneurial sector, including micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) especially for food sector. This difficult situation requires MSME actors to adapt, including to make improvements in business management. “Mbok Sri” is spiced fried chicken producer located in Telukan Village, Grogol District, Sukoharjo Regency which has been running its business for four years with a production capacity of 400 birds/month. The Covid-19 pandemic situation has resulted in unstable demand and continuity of raw materials. Meanwhile, there are still many problems, including inadequate equipment facilities, unstandardized packaging for food, and no BPOM permit. The extention program was therefore aimed for: 1). Improvement of the clean, hygienic and comfortable place for the ungkep chicken production process, 2). Improvement of attractive product packaging with vacuum and labeling technology. The activities are carried out with assistance and guidance through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), counseling so that MSME have hygienic business production houses and in accordance with BPOM standards, and digital marketing training. The result of this service is that business actors can carry out hygienic processing of chicken products with vacuum packaging and labels. In conclusion, this activity resulted in improvements of production houses and production process equipment with the increase of production capacity up to 512 birds/month or about to 28%.

On the Issues of Methodological Approaches to the Study of the Institutional Environment of Small Business

The article attempts to study the methodological aspects of the study of the institutional environment. Methodological approaches to the study of the institutional environment of small business are considered. Systematic, evolutionary and synergetic approaches to the analysis of the institutional environment of the entrepreneurial sector of the national economy are systematized and described. The analysis of the theoretical foundations of institutional theory and its impact on entrepreneurial activity is carried out. The result of the study is that the analysis of the available scientific literature revealed that the accumulated scientific material has not been systematized to date and unified methodological principles and approaches to the study of the institutional environment as an independent category have not been formed. In the conclusion of the study, the author concluded that further applied developments concerning the assessment of the quality of the institutional environment, including in relation to small industrial enterprises of the national economy of the country, should be carried out on the basis of an assessment of the essential characteristics of this category.

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE BUSINESS SECTOR IN RUSSIA AND FINLAND

The presented article investigates the aspects of development of social entrepreneurship within the border territories of Russia and Finland. The aim of the study is to assess the opportunities and prospects for the development of socially oriented business. The object of the study is the consumers of the service sector in Russia and Finland.
 The method of research is a questionnaire survey, as a result of which the formed questions provide information about the development of the entrepreneurial sector. The study analyzes the needs and opportunities for the development of social entrepreneurship in the border areas. The evaluation of the development of social entrepreneurship is based on focus groups method.
 As a result of the conducted research the differences in separate directions of development of entrepreneurial sector in the Republic of Karelia and Finland were revealed. The differences in the expectations of young people in the countries under consideration and the fears of Russian and Finnish respondents were determined. The obtained results allow us to determine the differences in social and economic policy of the states.

Entrepreneurial Business on wine sector: a business model proposal for Setúbal Peninsula

The frequency and severity of crises and disasters in recent years has highlighted the need and urgency of studying ways to mitigate the impact of these phenomena. These have been overwhelming for businesses with very large impacts on the economies of the countries. It is a complex phenomenon, widely confirmed in the literature, where a variety of studies point to strategic capacity and business model design as key factors for business resilience. The ability to design products or services and deliver them competitively in the market requires a clear strategic definition, as well as the design, implementation, and management of new business models.
 The wine sector also suffered major impacts during the pandemic crisis, especially in 2020, however its recovery shows the resilience of this entrepreneurial sector. During this crisis, many business models proved to be obsolete, but others have shown great resilience, proving that it is possible to resist and even thrive in a crisis context. On the other hand, in a globalized market, intense competition in the wine sector leads to critical management issues for wine producers. Due to the unique characteristics of the product, entrepreneurs, and managers, in this sector, need to critically review their business models, establish strategies, and measure their performance.
 Considering the crisis on business wine sector caused by pandemic situation, this study aims to answer the questions “What strategies have been implemented in the wine sector of Setúbal Peninsula that have contributed to the survival and prosperity of the sector?”; Is there an ideal business model for this sector on the Setúbal Peninsula?”
 The aim of this study is to identify successful strategies of wine sector in a context of crise as well as propose a robust business model for wine sector in Setúbal Peninsula. Both quantitative (questionnaires) and qualitative methods (focus group) were used.
 As result of the research, we highlight the identification of some competitive behaviors that may contribute to suggest possible critical success factors in the business models of the Portuguese wine sector.
 

Impact of Innovation Types on Enterprises Sales Growth: Evidence from Kosovo

This paper aims to analyze the impact of the types of innovations in increasing the sales of Kosovo's enterprises. The findings of this paper confirm the hypotheses that organizational innovations, product/process innovations and marketing innovations have a positive impact on increasing the level of sales. This empirical research was conducted with enterprises in Kosovo, so the main limitation of this research is the non-inclusion of enterprises of Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, etc. The involvement of enterprises from these countries would provide a broader picture of the research issues for transition countries. This empirical research is of particular importance because it studies the impact of types of innovation on increasing the sales level of enterprises in transition countries. Kosovo suffer from weak enterprises sector and underdeveloped entrepreneurship sector. Without the development of an innovative system of the private sector and the entrepreneurial sector, Kosovo cannot overcome the transition process. Therefore, this paper could be a reference point for the government policies of Kosovo, which should support all enterprises in the development of all types of innovations.

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Colombia on the Entrepreneurial Sector

The research of this article focused on analyzing the positive and negative aspects that permeated the ecosystems of entrepreneurship in Colombia, from the strong impact of isolation during the Covid-19 pandemic. The methodology used was a documentary type bibliographic design, through which the main objective was developed. The conclusion of the work determined that the entrepreneurs designed new models to continue providing their services and marketing their products. However, many of them also required business restructuring or reorganization, evolving towards new frontiers that allow them to generate income and consolidate in the market.

Prediction of Feasibility of Entrepreneurial Proposals in Student Creativity Program

Student Creativity Program is a program organized by the Directorate of Learning and Student Affairs, Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology as a national level student creativity event as an effort to grow, accommodate, and realize students' creative and innovative ideas. Based on 2017-2021 data, each year an average of 63,337 proposals are received, administrative and substance evaluations involve complex assessment components and are carried out manually so that it takes a relatively long time in the calculation process. Then a special method is needed that speeds up the processing of assessment data. This research was conducted on the substance of the Entrepreneurship Sector to predict the feasibility of a proposal to get funding applying data mining with the Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) and K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithms with a comparison between Euclidean Distance and Manhattan Distance. From the results, it is known that NBC produces 96.49% accuracy and 0.912 Kappa. K-NN with the largest Euclidean Distance calculation in K-5, K-7 and K9 with an accuracy of 99.04% and Kappa 0.975, K-NN Manhattan Distance calculation produces the greatest accuracy of all the methods used by researchers, namely 100% and Kappa 1,00 categorized as Excellent. So the conclution is that the K-NN method with K-5 which produces the greatest accuracy and Kappa can be recommended to PKM stakeholders in funding feasibility algorithms.

Organizational aspects of volunteer work in social enterprises in Russia and India

The text of this article analyzes the processes of managing volunteers at social enterprises in Russia and India. Social enterprises are becoming more popular, but this type of organization remains poorly understood. Social entrepreneurship is a form of business that differs from an ordinary commercial enterprise in that. The goal of a social enterprise is not only to make a profit, but also to solve social problems. It is known that social enterprises involve volunteers in their work, however, the problems faced by representatives of social enterprises when working with volunteers are unknown. The empirical basis of the work was an online survey of representatives of social enterprises from Russia and India. These countries were chosen due to the fact that it is in Russia and India that the sector of social entrepreneurship is currently developing. The focus of our article concerned such issues: what stages of working with volunteers are implemented in social enterprises, what problems they face when working with volunteers, and what processes can help minimize difficulties in working with volunteers. Analysis of the data obtained showed that representatives of social enterprises in Russia and India are actively implementing the selection of volunteers, education and training of volunteers, and discussion of the results of work with volunteers. Among the most significant problems in working with volunteers, representatives of Russian social enterprises consider a high level of volunteer turnover and distrust of volunteers. Representatives of Indian social enterprises consider the insufficient level of training of volunteers, the high turnover of volunteers as significant problems in working with volunteers. Despite the differences in the processes of working with volunteers, representatives of social Russian and Indian enterprises believe that the training and education of specialists working with volunteers and the education and training of volunteers themselves can improve the quality of work with volunteers. The analysis of work and management of volunteers is an extremely broad topic, the text of the article covers only some of its aspects, which were studied based on the results of the survey. The results of the study can be used by researchers for further work in the field of studying the processes of working with volunteers, and the results of the study can also be useful to those who are practitioners in the field of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises.

Internet penetration, financial access and new business formation: evidence from developing economies

PurposeThis study examines whether Internet penetration has a complementary effect on the relationship between financial access and new business formation in 57 developing economies from 2006 to 2018.Design/methodology/approachUsing the generalised least squares estimator, the authors employ a framework that allows us to distinguish between the marginal impact of financial access on new business formation in developing economies with high and low levels of Internet penetration rates. Furthermore, the authors distinguish between financial institutions and financial markets.FindingsThe authors find that increased accessibility for financial institutions promotes entrepreneurial activity, while financial market access has a negative relationship with new business formation. Furthermore, the authors find that the marginal impact of financial institution access increases in magnitude as Internet penetration increases. The effect does not hold for financial markets.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation lies in the measurement of new business formation, as it focuses on the formal entrepreneurial sector and overlooks the informal economy and entrepreneurs operating as sole proprietors.Practical implicationsPolicymakers should continue to promote the development of the information communication and technology sector and digitalisation policy while increasing financial accessibility in the financial system.Originality/valueThis study provides new empirical evidence on the greasing role of technology to leverage the impact of financial access on new business formation. Furthermore, the study distinguishes this effect by differentiating between financial institutions and markets.

The Influence of Internal and External Stakeholder Mechanisms on Entrepreneurial Success: The Moderating Role of Digital Technology Adoption.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the associations of internal and external support mechanisms with entrepreneurial success, in the context of China's entrepreneurial sector from network theory perspective. The role of digital technology, as a moderator, has also been analyzed. Data has been obtained from 500 entrepreneurs in Jiangsu, a province in China. All hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. It has been found that family support, business partner support, community support and external stakeholder relationships have positive effects on entrepreneurial success. It has also been discovered that digital technology adoption strengthens the positive relationship between business partner support and entrepreneurial success. Theoretical and practical implications have been highlighted and future research suggestions have been provided.

From skilled engineer to a thriving entrepreneur. On the determinants of successful entrepreneurship in technical sectors

Technical entrepreneurship is one of the key sources of economic growth. Attempts are regularly made to establish manufacturing and construction companies, but only a small number end up as successful, sustainable businesses. In this paper, we elaborate on the factors that distinguish successful technical entrepreneurs from their less prosperous competitors. Taking Edward Lazear’s theory as a point of departure, we found that it is the breadth of education, not the maximum level attained, that fosters entrepreneurial success. The same pertains to the breadth of professional experience and certain aspects of self-efficacy, such as technical and marketing skills, as well as determination to become an entrepreneur. Interestingly, we found that neither managerial self-efficacy nor experience as a manager contribute to success in running a technical-oriented business.

EARLY IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN SLOVENIA; BASED ON GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR DATA

As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads around the globe, entrepreneurs, their ventures and societies face unprecedented challenges. Entrepreneurship fosters the innovation needed not only to take advantage of new opportunities, boost productivity and create employment, but also to address the economic shockwave triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Slovenia, as a small open economy, is particularly vulnerable to the effects of the pandemic. Therefore, the main objective of the paper is to analyse and compare how the entrepreneurial sector responded to the first lockdown situation in Slovenia. The data will be obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor database and the results will be compared with European countries. The question is whether the response of the entrepreneurial sector was to some extent dependent on the response of the government. The results allow a first approximation of the rapid changes that entrepreneurs have to face in order to adapt to the new scenario and prevent the deterioration of the economy or its reconstruction. Government policies need to be adapted to the economy's developmental level and depend on the type of entrepreneurship that needs to be encouraged. Policy makers need to create coherent, holistic and conducive frameworks for entrepreneurs to thrive in a post COVID -19 world. In sum, there is much potential for small businesses to contribute to the “post-covid economy”, especially if they are empowered through targeted support measures.

Digital Entrepreneurship in the Last Decade: A Systematic Review

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects ICT has on the sustainability of Digital Entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Furthermore, this paper seeks to determine if the utilization of ICT can forecast the rate of start-ups in the Digital Entrepreneurship sector and interrogate the characteristics and inter-relationships inherent in Digital Entrepreneurship. To achieve this objective, a systematic literature review using the Systematic Quantitative Assessment Technique (SQAT) was the methodology used to review 45 DE articles published over the last decade (2012 – 2021). To provide a thorough, impartial amalgam of the reviewed articles, this paper analysed the time distribution, geographic distribution, types and data collection methods of the 45 DE articles. The review revealed that existing research has been both empirical and conceptual in equal measure with only one instance in mixed mode. The parity suggests that future researchers should endeavour to conduct more conceptual research to underpin the envisaged accelerated growth of DE.

Sources of conflict among tourism stakeholders in historical cities

ABSTRACT Cities, in particular those of historical value, are popular destinations for mass tourism. The urban space is often the main cause of conflicts, at the heart of which lie conflicting interests, attitudes and needs relating to the way this space is utilized. The aim of the research described in this article is to identify the intensity of conflicts between residents, tourists and the tourism sector. The research was conducted in 2020. The statistical analysis of the obtained data included questionnaires from 386 respondents. Analysis was conducted of the conflicts that arose among tourism sector players, who were classified into groups – tourist entrepreneurs, residents, and local authorities. Respondents often indicated conflict arising between tourists and residents, and between tourist sector entrepreneurs and residents. In the opinion of respondents, conflicts were the result of result of varying structures in the hierarchy of values and of differences in attitudes towards the city.

Creating a New Chinese Discourse on Political Economy: The Innovative Development of China’s Private Sector Theory

Ever since China implemented its reform and opening up policy in the late 1970s, it has engaged in theoretical and practice-based innovations in the development of its private sector. China has experienced four evolutionary stages of private sector development and theoretical innovation: from proposing that the private sector was “subsidiary and complementary to the socialist public sector,” to elevating it to the heights of China’s “basic economic system”; from adhering to the principle of “the two unwaverings,” i.e., unwaveringly consolidating and developing the public sector on the one hand, and unwaveringly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector on the other; and thence to further stating explicitly that “private enterprises and private sector entrepreneurs are one of us; they are socialist.” New theories of private sector development have been created in response to the inherent requirements of the primary stage of socialism, to the choice of the correct path to common prosperity, and to the human behavioral rationality and the laws governing people’s interest claims. The private sector is an important achievement of the development of the socialist market economy; an important force promoting the development of the socialist market economy; and an important actor in the building of the modern economic system. Creating new theories of private sector development has opened up a new realm for Marxist political economy.