Methods Section Research Articles

The reporting quality and spin of randomized controlled trials of endometriosis pain: Methodological study based on CONSORT extension on abstracts.

To assess the reporting quality of published RCT abstracts regarding patients with endometriosis pelvic pain and investigate the prevalence and characteristics of spin in these abstracts. PubMed and Scopus were searched for RCT abstracts addressing endometriosis pelvic pain published from January 1st, 2010 to December 1st, 2023.The reporting quality of RCT abstracts was assessed using the CONSORT statement for abstracts. Additionally, spin was evaluated in the results and conclusions section of the abstracts, defined as the misleading reporting of study findings to emphasize the perceived benefits of an intervention or to confound readers from statistically non-significant results. Assessing factors affecting the reporting quality and spin existence, linear and logistic regression was used, respectively. A total of 47 RCT abstracts were included. Out of 16 checklist items, only three items including objective, intervention and conclusions were sufficiently reported in the most abstracts (more than 95%), and none of the abstracts presented precise data as required by the CONSORT-A guidelines. In the reporting quality of material and method section, trial design, type of randomization, the generation of random allocation sequences, the allocation concealment and blinding were most items identified that were suboptimal. The total score for the quality varied between 5 and 15 (mean: 9.59, SD: 3.03, median: 9, IQR: 5). Word count (beta = 0.015, p-value = 0.005) and publishing in open-accessed journals (beta = 2.023, p-value = 0.023) were the significant factors that affecting the reporting quality. Evaluating spin within each included paper, we found that 18 (51.43%) papers had statistically non-significant results. From these studies, 12 (66.66%) had spin in both results and conclusion sections. Furthermore, the spin intensity increased during 2010-2023 and 38.29% of abstracts had spin in both results and conclusion sections. Overall poor adherence to CONSORT-A was observed, with spin detected in several RCTs featuring non-significant primary endpoints in obstetrics and gynecology literature.

Harnessing large language models for coding, teaching and inclusion to empower research in ecology and evolution

Abstract Large language models (LLMs) are a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that can perform various natural language processing tasks. The adoption of LLMs has become increasingly prominent in scientific writing and analyses because of the availability of free applications such as ChatGPT. This increased use of LLMs not only raises concerns about academic integrity but also presents opportunities for the research community. Here we focus on the opportunities for using LLMs for coding in ecology and evolution. We discuss how LLMs can be used to generate, explain, comment, translate, debug, optimise and test code. We also highlight the importance of writing effective prompts and carefully evaluating the outputs of LLMs. In addition, we draft a possible road map for using such models inclusively and with integrity. LLMs can accelerate the coding process, especially for unfamiliar tasks, and free up time for higher level tasks and creative thinking while increasing efficiency and creative output. LLMs also enhance inclusion by accommodating individuals without coding skills, with limited access to education in coding, or for whom English is not their primary written or spoken language. However, code generated by LLMs is of variable quality and has issues related to mathematics, logic, non‐reproducibility and intellectual property; it can also include mistakes and approximations, especially in novel methods. We highlight the benefits of using LLMs to teach and learn coding, and advocate for guiding students in the appropriate use of AI tools for coding. Despite the ability to assign many coding tasks to LLMs, we also reaffirm the continued importance of teaching coding skills for interpreting LLM‐generated code and to develop critical thinking skills. As editors of MEE, we support—to a limited extent—the transparent, accountable and acknowledged use of LLMs and other AI tools in publications. If LLMs or comparable AI tools (excluding commonly used aids like spell‐checkers, Grammarly and Writefull) are used to produce the work described in a manuscript, there must be a clear statement to that effect in its Methods section, and the corresponding or senior author must take responsibility for any code (or text) generated by the AI platform.

Italian S3-Guideline on the treatment of Atopic Eczema - Part 1: Systemic therapy, adapted from EuroGuiDerm by the Italian Society of Dermatology and STD (SIDEMAST), the Italian Association of Hospital Dermatologists (ADOI) and the Italian Society of Allergological and Environmental Dermatology (SIDAPA).

SIDeMaST (Società Italiana di Dermatologia Medica, Chirurgica, Estetica e delle Malattie Sessualmente Trasmesse) contributed to the development of the present guideline on the systemic treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. With the permission of EuroGuiDerm, SIDeMaST adapted the guideline to the Italian healthcare context to supply a reliable and affordable tool to Italian physicians who take care of patients affected by atopic dermatitis. The evidence- and consensus-based guideline on atopic eczema was developed in accordance with the EuroGuiDerm Guideline and Consensus Statement Development Manual. Four consensus conferences were held between December 2020 and July 2021. Twenty-nine experts (including clinicians and patient representatives) from 12 European countries participated. This first part of the guideline includes general information on its scope and purpose, the health questions covered, target users and a methods section. It also provides guidance on which patients should be treated with systemic therapies, as well as recommendations and detailed information on each systemic drug. The systemic treatment options discussed in the guideline comprise conventional immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine, ciclosporin, glucocorticosteroids, methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil), biologics (dupilumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, omalizumab and tralokinumab) and janus kinase inhibitors (abrocitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib). Part two of the guideline will address avoidance of provocation factors, dietary interventions, immunotherapy, complementary medicine, educational interventions, occupational and psychodermatological aspects, patient perspective and considerations for pediatric, adolescent, pregnant and breastfeeding patients.

Adherence to PRISMA 2020 statement assessed through the expanded checklist in systematic reviews of interventions: A meta‐epidemiological study

AbstractIntroductionThe preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) statement was developed to improve the reporting of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta‐analyses. Due to the suboptimal reporting of the 2009 version, an update was performed and published in 2021. Despite having been evaluated in studies published before its publication, its adherence in SRs of interventions published after 2021 remains unclear.ObjectiveTo assess PRISMA 2020 statement adherence and its uptake in SRs of interventions.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cross‐sectional study searching MEDLINE (PubMed), including a 10% random sample of all SRs involving human interventions published since January 2022 retrieved by our search process. We did not apply any restrictions. We assessed PRISMA 2020 statement uptake and its adherence using its expanded checklist.ResultsWe included 222 out of 945 studies. 67 (30.18%) used PRISMA 2020 statement. None adhered completely, with an average adherence of 42.64% (Min–Max: 14.29%–76.19%). Results and Methods sections had low adherence, with 40.57% (Min–Max: 10.45%–98.51%) and 25.55% (Min–Max: 7.46%–55.22%) respectively. The items with the least adherence were: certainty and reporting bias assessment, excluded studies characteristics and search strategy with 7.46% (5/67), 8.96% (6/67), 10.45% (7/67), and 11.94% (8/67) respectively.DiscussionAs in previous studies, our study showed low adherence, mainly to the methods and results sections. However, our study showed a lower adherence, probably due to the use of the expanded checklist to assessed the tools adherence.ConclusionWe found a low adherence rate to the PRISMA 2020 expanded checklist. Further PRISMA dissemination and targeted audience training are needed to improve SR reporting and quality.

Waiting Time in Outpatient Care: How Does the Management Element Related?

The waiting time for outpatient registration at dr. Soegiri Hospital of Lamongan indicated that 19 out of 30 respondents or 63.3% did not comply with the standard (≤60 minutes). This study aimed to determine the relationship between management elements (man, method, information and time) and waiting time at outpatient registration at dr. Soegiri Hospital of Lamongan. This study used a cross sectional method with an observational analytic design. With an accidental sampling technique, it obtained 100 respondents. The independent variables were management elements including man, method, information and time, while the dependent variable was the waiting time for outpatient registration. The data about management elements were collected using a closed questionnaire, while the data about waiting time used an open questionnaire. The research showed that 51% of the management elements were competent, 77% registered method through offline, 59% informative, 58% fast time, and more than half of the patients stated that the waiting time was inappropriate as many as 77 respondents (77%). This study used the Chi Square test with a value of α = 0.05. Regarding the management element, it obtained man p = 0.000, method p = 0.001, information p = 0.000, and time p = 0.006, meaning that there was a relationship between management elements of man method and information and waiting time at outpatient registration at Soegiri Hospital of Lamongan. It is hoped that the outpatient unit will further speed up the waiting time at outpatient registration by increasing the competence of registration officers by taking courses, participating in various trainings, and taking competency certification tests.

Reflexivity in pharmacy practice qualitative research: systematic review of twelve peer-reviewed journals

Abstract Introduction Reflexivity is named as an important component for establishing trustworthiness and authenticity within qualitative research. Depending on the philosophical stance of the researcher, subjectivity is often intertwined with qualitative research, thus engagement in reflexivity accounts for how this subjectivity shapes the study and aids to increase its rigor. Walsh’s typology[1] proposed personal, interpersonal, methodological, and contextual dimensions of reflexivity, which are overlapping and interacting, and was endorsed by the International Association for Medical Education (AMEE).[2] As pharmacy professionals conducting research, we bring many aspects (personal and professional experiences, beliefs, values) that can help us develop deeper and richer insights into our work; if not considered through reflexivity, this may have unrealised impacts which can bring the findings under scrutiny. Aim This systematic review aimed to explore reflexivity reporting, type, and strategies in qualitative studies published in peer-reviewed pharmacy journals. Methods Two reviewers screened twelve pharmacy related peer-reviewed journals from inception to 1st August 2023 for qualitative studies; these were identified as the ‘top’ pharmacy practice journals in JANE (Journal/Author Name Estimator). Then, studies were independently reviewed against inclusion criteria. Any disagreements were discussed to reach a consensus. Qualitative studies discussing reflexivity, having dedicated reflexivity sections in the manuscript, or providing quality checklists with reflexivity were included. Quantitative, mixed methods, and educational research studies were excluded. Two reviewers completed data extraction: reflexivity methods, where discussed in the paper and to what extent, and type of reflexivity as per Walsh’s typology to determine the dimension of reflexivity.[1] Data were synthesised narratively. Quality appraisal of study conduct was not completed and all eligible papers were included. Results 452 qualitative studies were reviewed and 102 were included from seven journals. Thirty-four studies provided quality checklists and 18 had personal (n=10), interpersonal (n=2), methodological (n=1), or multi-type (n=5) reflexivity. In the remaining 68 articles, reflexivity was personal (n=20), interpersonal (n=3), methodological (n=16), multi-type (n=28), or unclear (n=1). Where reflexivity was presented, it was mostly reported in the manuscript’s methods section or within limitations sections of discussions; some had reflexivity named sections. However, reviewed studies lacked true reflexive comments, and often descriptions of research team backgrounds were provided without consideration of the impact on the study, or the focus was on minimising study bias. Twelve studies alluded to the use of reflexive diaries, journals, or note sheets but lacked detail in how they were implemented. Conclusion This is the first systematic review, to our best knowledge, focused on reflexivity reporting in pharmacy practice qualitative studies. It highlighted that reflexivity reporting was poor, often misunderstood, and use of the quality checklist did not increase appropriate reporting. Reflexivity was often described as something researchers ‘did’ to minimise bias, rather than something to embrace and explore as part of qualitative research process. We posit that this could be due to a lack of understanding of what true reflexivity is, unclear quality checklist instructions and limited potential to include it meaningfully in the final manuscript. The review was limited to twelve pharmacy practice journals and articles published in English.

Numerical generation and verification of a two-dimensional virtual asphalt mixture

This paper aims at finding a robust method to generate a two-dimensional virtual asphalt mixture and to verify the suitability of the generated virtual mixture. First, three methods namely stereological method, Walraven formula and phase separation method are adopted to convert the actual three-dimensional gradation curves into two-dimensional ones. Then, an approach called semi whole scale cross section (SWSCS) method is developed to verify the results obtained and to determine the most robust procedure to follow. Third, the numerical two-dimensional geometry shape data library (GSDL) of different aggregates and voids and a robust method to assemble representative volume elements (RVEs) are developed using Matlab. Finally, a gradation curve from the literature is considered to generate a virtual asphalt mixture specimen, which is then imported in the finite element (FE) software Abaqus to simulate the dynamic modulus test. The virtual test results are further verified using available literature and another homogenization numerical prediction method based on the Mori-Tanaka's approach. The results show that the phase separation method is effective to convert the three-dimensional gradation curve to a two-dimensional one. The simulation results of the virtual asphalt mixture developed in this study turn out to be in good agreement with both previously presented literature data and Mori-Tanaka's theory.

Laser capture microdissection transcriptome (LCM RNA-seq) reveals BcDFR is a key gene in anthocyanin synthesis of non-heading Chinese cabbage

BackgroundPurple non-heading Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris (syn. Brassica rapa) ssp. chinensis] has become popular because of its richness in anthocyanin. However, anthocyanin only accumulates in the upper epidermis of leaves. Further studies are needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the specific accumulation of it.ResultsIn this study, we used the laser capture frozen section method (LCM) to divide purple (ZBC) and green (LBC) non-heading Chinese cabbage leaves into upper and lower epidermis parts (Pup represents the purple upper epidermis, Plow represents the purple lower epidermis, Gup represents the green upper epidermis, Glow represents the green lower epidermis). Through transcriptome sequencing, we found that the DIHYDROFLAVONOL 4-REDUCTASE-encoding gene BcDFR, is strongly expressed in Pup but hardly in others (Plow, Gup, Glow). Further, a deletion and insertion in the promoter of BcDFR in LBC were found, which may interfere with BcDFR expression. Subsequent analysis of gene structure and conserved structural domains showed that BcDFR is highly conserved in Brassica species. The predicted protein-protein interaction network of BcDFR suggests that it interacts with almost all functional proteins in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Finally, the results of the tobacco transient expression also demonstrated that BcDFR promotes the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin.ConclusionsBcDFR is specifically highly expressed on the upper epidermis of purple non-heading Chinese cabbage leaves and regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation. Our study provides new insights into the functional analysis and transcriptional regulatory network of anthocyanin-related genes in purple non-heading Chinese cabbage.

The role of diabetes in low back pain compared to non-diabetics

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent non-communicable disease, affecting significant proportion of the global population, with an estimated 382 million individuals affected. There exists a correlation among diabetes and low back pain. The objective of this investigation was to examine the potential association linking diabetes and low back pain by utilising the Oswestry disability Index as a gauge of the intensity of persistent lower back pain. Methods: The study was conducted by cross sectional method in which 200 patients with low back pain were included from period of October 2020 to September 2022. Oswestry disability index questionnaire was used for the intensity of lower back pain. Statistical package for the social sciences was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, out of 200 patients, 59 (29.5%) had diabetes and 141 (70.5%) were without diabetes, with a average age of 53.61±15.07 years. Overall, according to gender, patients were equally distributed, while female and male predominance was seen in diabetics and non-diabetics, respectively. Conclusions: The distribution of patients as per gender and ODI score did not differ, although more diabetics had a significantly higher ODI score than non-diabetics. A significant increase in blood glucose, HbA1c, microalbuminuria, and ODI score was noted in diabetics compared with non-diabetics, with significant positive associations of ODI with age, blood glucose, and HbA1c. The increased levels of the diabetic profile parameters and their association with the ODI indicate the possible role of diabetes with low back pain.

Analysis of Logistic Regression Regularization in Wild Elephant Classification with VGG-16 Feature Extraction

The research article explores the intersection of image-based wildlife classification and logistic regression regularization, focusing on the classification of wild elephant species. It begins by highlighting the significance of ecological research in biodiversity monitoring and conservation and introduces Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) as potent tools for feature extraction from images. The VGG-16 model is particularly emphasized for its ability to capture hierarchical representations of visual features crucial for classification tasks. The integration of VGG-16 feature extraction with logistic regression regularization is proposed as a compelling approach, offering a balance between sophisticated feature representation and efficient classification algorithms. The literature review delves into image-based wildlife classification, emphasizing the role of CNNs, especially VGG-16, in extracting discriminative features. It discusses the fusion of VGG-16 features with logistic regression and the challenges in this field, such as dataset annotation and environmental variability. The method section outlines the dataset acquisition, feature extraction using the VGG-16 architecture, and model configuration using logistic regression with lasso and ridge regularization. The process of finding the optimal regularization parameter (lambda) and model evaluation through cross-validation is detailed. Results showcase the optimal lambda values for lasso and ridge regularization and compare the performance of logistic lasso and logistic ridge models. Misclassification analysis reveals factors influencing classification accuracy, including feature variability and contextual complexity. The discussion reflects on the implications of the findings, emphasizing the importance of lambda selection and addressing challenges in wildlife classification. It suggests avenues for further research, such as advanced modeling techniques and feature engineering approaches. In conclusion, the study contributes to advancing wildlife classification efforts by leveraging state-of-the-art techniques and sheds light on opportunities to enhance classification accuracy in wildlife conservation.

CORRELATION BETWEEN HEIGHT, BMI, MUAC WITH ANEMIA STATUS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Background: Anemia in adolescents is a health problem that needs immediate intervention in Indonesia. Anemia can caused by malnutrition. protein and iron deficiency will cause nutritional problems including stunted, thinness, and Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) < 23,5 cm. Protein and iron deficiency can interfere with the formation of hemoglobin resulting in anemia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between status based on height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and MUAC with anemia status at Mambaus Sholihin Islamic Boarding School in Gresik Regency. Method: This research is a quantitative observational analytic with the cross sectional method. The population was adolescent girls in Mambaus Sholihin Islamic Boarding School in Gresik Regency. The sample was 11th and 12th grade senior high school girls with a total of 141 respondents using the total sampling technique. The variables used in this research consisted of height, BMI, MUAC, and anemia. Height data was obtained by using microtoise, BMI using microtoise and scales, MUAC using tape measure plastic, and hemoglobin using the digital tool of Point of Care Testing (POCT) method. The research data were analyzed by chi square test with a contingency coefficient of 95%. Result: The results showed that out of 141 adolescent girls, 66.7% had normal height status, 23.4% were stunted, and 9.9% were severely stunted. In BMI status, 55.3% normal, 14.9% thinness, 15.6% overweight, and 14.2% obese. MUAC status was 79.4% with MUAC ≥ 23.5 cm and 20.6% with MUAC < 23.5 cm. Anemia status was 51.8% frail and 48.2% not anemic. After the chi square test, the significance value was obtained (p=0.006), which means that statistically there was a significant relationship between height and anemia, (p=0.003) there was a significant relationship between BMI and anemia, and (p=0.01) there was a significant relationship between MUAC and anemia. Conclusion: There is a relationship between nutritional status based on height, BMI, and MUAC with anemia status in adolescent girls at Mambaus Sholihin Islamic Boarding School in Gresik Regency.

Mixed methods in sport management: A review and directions for future research

ABSTRACT Mixed methods research integrates qualitative and quantitative methods into a harmonised approach. Over time, conducting mixed methods research has become increasingly popular within sport management scholarship. Since applications differ across fields, it is imperative to review the state of mixed methods research within sport management to consolidate our current knowledge and enhance future practices and contributions. The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of mixed methods research in sport management scholarship, assess its quality and methodological contributions, and provide direction to help scholars write (and review) mixed methods research in our field. We conduct a scoping review of 133 sport management related mixed methods studies. Our analysis identifies the prevalence of authors, journals, year, design, samples, data collection, and data analysis. Borrowing from critical insight within mixed methods scholarship, we assess each study’s mixed methods quality (i.e. justification, type, distinct results, and mixing) and methodological contributions. Our review yields three novel contributions. First, we provide an overview of mixed methods research in sport management scholarship, highlighting a substantial publication increase since 2020. Second, despite the increasing frequency of mixed methods research, we identify that sport management scholarship infrequently produces high-quality studies relative to common standards developed by leading mixed methods scholars. The final contribution of this study is that we provide direction for writing (and reviewing) mixed methods research in sport management scholarship. To do so, we present four paths with indicative questions to help scholars develop stronger mixed methods sections, integrations, visualisations, and contributions.

The search method for key transmission sections based on an improved spectral clustering algorithm

With the increased complexity of power systems stemming from the connection of high-proportion renewable energy sources, coupled with the escalating volatility and uncertainty, the key transmission sections that serve as indicators of the power grid’s security status are also subject to frequent changes, posing challenges to grid monitoring. The search method for key transmission sections based on an improved spectral clustering algorithm is proposed in this paper. A branch weight model, considering the impact of node voltage and power flow factors, is initially established to comprehensively reflect the electrical connectivity between nodes. Subsequently, a weighted graph model is constructed based on spectral graph theory, and an improved spectral clustering algorithm is employed to partition the power grid. Finally, a safety risk indicator is utilized to identify whether the partitioned sections are key transmission sections. Results from case studies on the IEEE39-node system and actual power grid examples demonstrate that the proposed method accurately and effectively searches for all key transmission sections of the system and identifies their security risks. The application in real power grid scenarios validates its ability to screen out some previously unrecognized key transmission sections.

The Relationship of Mothers’ Knowledge of Basic Immunization with Babies’ Immunization Status in Toboali Puskesmas of South Bangka Regency

Immunization is the process by which a person is immune or resistant to infectious diseases, usually with the vaccine. The aim of research is to find out how the relationship between maternal knowledge about basic immunization with the complete basic immunization in infants at Toboali South Bangka Regency Health Center. This research was conducted with cross sectional analytic method. The population in this study were 73 respondents, who were in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been established by researchers. Distribution rate of mothers knowledge of basic immunization in Puskesmas Toboali South Bangka Regency, with a yield of 47.95% had less knowledge of good and amounted to 52.05% of respondents had good knowledge. Mother's attitudes unfavorable category amounted to 41.09%, both categories amounted to 58.91% and the mother acts unfavorable category by 53% while both categories by 47%. The results of the study with square chi showed significant association between maternal knowledge about basic immunization with complete basic immunization is based on statistical analysis chi square correlation with the value x2 = 9.272 with significant value that can be accepted where the value of p = 0.002 ( α) of 0.05 (p < 0.05).To the health officer on duty in the village of Toboali is expected to continue immunization activities by running Posyandu activities on a monthly basis, and remain members the latest information about immunization.

Optimization of the Reaction Temperature During Phosphoric Acid Production Using Fibonacci Numbers and Golden Section Methods

Optimization of the Reaction Temperature During Phosphoric Acid Production Using Fibonacci Numbers and Golden Section Methods

Examining the effectiveness of a training program on improving knowledge, functional skills, and attitude in natural disaster volunteers.

Disaster relief volunteers must have certain psychological and cognitive characteristics. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the training program on improving knowledge, functional skills, and attitude among disaster volunteers. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2023 in Iran, including an intervention and control group and follow-ups. Ninety health volunteers were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 45. The experimental group received the training program for an hour a week for three months. The control group received no intervention. The participants of both groups completed the disaster preparedness questionnaire at the pre-test, post-test, and one and three months after the intervention. Data was analyzed using SPSS "version 26" software in the methods section. The intervention effect were significant in increasing the volunteers' functional skills (F = 3.75), knowledge (F = 166.50), and attitude (F = 1.74), all in (p = 0.001). According to the results, this effect was stable over time for functional skills (F = 1.83) and knowledge (F = 18.04) all in (p < 0.05). Training programs can help improve skills, attitudes and knowledge in natural disaster volunteers. Researchers interested in the field of natural disaster relief, particularly health researchers, could consider further examining the aforementioned topics in their studies.

Multi-level structural optimization of thin-walled sections in steel/aluminum vehicle body skeletons

A multi-level matching transformation and optimization design method for complex sections of thin-walled structures in steel/aluminum vehicle body skeleton was proposed. The problems of lengthy body performance numerical analysis and low optimization efficiency were solved by the rapid collaborative optimization of simplified cross-sections and performance of the body skeleton. A complex cross-sections shape library of thin-walled structures in steel/aluminum body skeleton and formulas for solving section mechanical properties were established, which overcame the difficulty of translating simplified cross-sections of thin-walled structures in steel/aluminum body skeleton to actual complex sections. A precise optimization method for complex cross-sections of thin-walled structure controlled by proportional vectors was established, which solved the defect that it was difficult to precisely control the arbitrary change of complex cross-section shape, and provided a new way for lightweight optimization design of complex cross-sections. The proposed method achieved the rapid collaborative design of steel/aluminum body thin-walled structure with complex cross-sections and body skeleton performance through multi-level progressive cross-section matching transformation and optimization. A body skeleton model with actual complex cross-sections was established, and compared with the initial simplified structure, the weight reduction ratio of the body skeleton was up to 6.9 %, and the performance indicators of the body skeleton fully met the design requirements, which verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Regional seismic fragility of bridge network derived by covariance matrix model of bridge portfolios

The consequences of seismic damage to bridge portfolios are more pronounced than those to individual bridges, leading to a greater emphasis on seismic fragility analysis of bridge networks. Previous research highlighted that a systematic analysis might yield more accurate results due to incorporating correlations among components. Consequently, this research extended an analytical framework for assessing the seismic fragility of bridge networks, taking into account the partial correlation of demand across bridges. A covariance (Cov) matrix model of bridge seismic demand based on the fundamental period ratio (Tr) was developed to capture the impact of partial correlation on seismic fragility analysis. Incorporating the covariance matrix facilitates more authentic predictions, and the Cov-Tr model delineates the relationship between structural dynamic attributes and seismic demand correlation. This framework outlines a tri-level seismic fragility analysis method for bridges, road sections, and networks. Such a conventional three-tiered network structure, point, line, and surface, was examined using graph theory. By implementing this framework on a simple bridge network, a comparison was drawn between results that account for correlation and those that disregard it. The findings suggest that omitting the effects of seismic demand correlation results in fragility median estimates of approximately 50% of those considering correlation. Furthermore, the significance ranking of road sections is influenced by this correlation.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE WORKER BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS PPE USERS IN PALM OIL HARVESTING EMPLOYEES AT PT. WAWASAN KEBUN NUSANTARA WEST KALIMANTAN

Introduction: The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a set of tools used by workers to protect part or all of the body from the possibility of a potential hazard or work accident. The final option for controlling hazards is to use personal protective equipment such as head protectors, gloves, respiratory protection, (respitator or mask), fall protection, and leg protection.Research Methode: This research is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach using the cross sectional study method which aims to determine the Factors that influence worker behavior towards PPE users in palm oil harvesting employees at PT. Wawasan Kebun Nusantara West Kalimantan. The research process was carried out in May- June 2023. In West Kalimantan, the total population was 194 respondents and the number of samples taken was 66 people who were selected by using purposive sampling using the Slovin formula (1960). data were analyzed using Chi Square. Results: The results showed that there was a significant influence between Education (P-value = 0,045) (P-value = 0.005), Attitude (P-value=0.004) and PPE facilities (P-value= 0.001) with PPE users. Conclusions: The results showed that there was a significant influence between Education (P-value = 0,045) (P-value = 0.005), Attitude (P-value=0.004) and PPE facilities (P-value= 0.001) with PPE users.

Hubungan Rendahnya Pengetahuan Tentang Imunisasi Kanker Serviks Pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) Di RT 05 RW 02 Kelurahan Telaga Asih Bekasi Tahun 2023

Globocan data for 2020 recorded that the total cancer cases in Indonesia in 2020 reached 396,914 cases and the total deaths were 234,511 cases. Cervical cancer (cervix) ranks second with 36,633 cases or 9.2% of total cancer cases. One of the factors that contributes to the high incidence of cervical cancer in Indonesia is the lack of awareness and access to routine examinations and vaccinations. Cervical cancer is one of the cancers that can be prevented, namely by immunization with the HPV vaccine and early detection of cervical cancer with a Pap smear or IVA examination (visual inspection using acetic acid). The aim of this research is to analyze factors related to WUS knowledge about the low level of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) immunization in RT 05 RW 02, Telaga Asih Bekasi Village in 2023. The research method used is a cross sectional survey method. The population in this study was 50 female respondents of childbearing age in RT 05 RW 02. The sample was taken using a total sampling technique of 50 female respondents of childbearing age in RT 05 RW 02. Univariate analysis used frequency distribution and for bivariate tests used the Chi Square test. This research uses primary data from filling out questionnaires by respondents. Based on the results of the analysis of the 50 respondents, 31 people (62.0%) had the most good knowledge, 41 people aged 20-35 years (82.0%). There were 29 women whose parity was not at risk (58%), 29 people had at least high school education (58%), and 34 people got information sources electronically (68%). Variables related to knowledge are education and sources of information with a value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. Meanwhile, variables that are not related are age and parity. It is hoped that this research will become a reference for increasing knowledge and an intensive approach to WUS. The results of this research can also be used as an opener to wider insight into midwifery and especially in the field of reproductive health.