Search Box Research Articles

Disease Milestones through Bibliometeric Analysis of Top 100 Cited Articles in Multiple Myeloma

Background:Multiple Myeloma (MM) accounts for 1.6% of all cancers and 5-10% of hematologic malignancies in the United States. Novel therapeutic agents have raised the overall survival from 1-2 years to 7-8 years with meaningful improvement in quality of life. Ongoing clinical trials have significantly contributed to the favorable disease outcomes, however many of these interventions still remain unknown to clinicians. The significance of citation analysis lies in the fact that clinicians often modify their management strategy based on research published in high impact journals. In this article, our main objective is to assist medical professionals working in the field to identify the most influential research published on MM.Materials and methods:We conducted a bibliographic analysis on the Web of Science (WOS). Included journals were those listed in the Science Citation Index Expanded, without specific restrictions on the journals. We retrieved the articles for analysis by typing “Multiple Myeloma” into WOS search box and conducted this data search in Title setting with application of English language filter on 07-25-2017.Results: We identified 27,718 articles published between 1901 and 2017, ranked the articles on the basis of citation frequency from highest to lowest and thereafter shortlisted the top 100 cited articles. The most cited article received 2404 citations. Top 100 cited articles were published between 1990 and 2007. In our analysis, we found that highest number of articles were published in the year 2007 (Table 1). 44 out of 100 articles were published in journals with impact factor (IF) greater than 20. The journal with highest number of publications (36%) was BLOOD (IF 13.16). The country with leading number of publication on MM was the United States of America (77%), followed by France (20%), Italy (15%), and the United Kingdom (15%) (Table 2). The production of these 100 articles originated from 50 centers, the most significant contributors out of which were VA Boston Healthcare system and Harvard University each with 36% of total articles, followed by Dana-Farber with 34% of the total articles. Anderson KC., was found to be most frequently cited common author with his contributions amounting up to 26% of the total (Table 3). Maximum studies were found to be categorized under the title of hematology (40%), followed by general internal medicine (29%) and oncology (27%).Discussion:MM research has gone through milestones in areas including disease staging, pathogenesis and management. Seven articles focused on staging, 29 on disease pathogenesis and 51 on treatment. Two of the top ten most cited articles were aimed at staging. Clinical staging was proposed by Durie BGM et al., although the most cited article in our list is no longer the primary staging system. Current classification of MM is based on revised international staging system and disease cytogenetics. Second most frequently encompassed category was disease pathogenesis. Over the years, understanding of pathogenesis has laid the foundation for development of novel therapeutic agents. Among the top 100 cited articles, only 7 studies were focused on bortezomib containing regimens, whereas none of them included carfilzomib or Ixazomib based novel therapeutic regimens. This shows that articles with high frequency of citations mostly consist of early-published articles. Among the top 100 list, only two articles were from 2012 (latest year on the list). To capture important and latest research, a second search was carried out with strategy to limit articles published during last five years.Conclusion:A bibliographic analysis of top cited articles published focused on disease staging, pathogenesis and management. Search limited to last five years (2012-2017) portrayed different results from our original search. None of the studies in the last 5 years list were included in the original list due to less number of total citations received. Recent studies focused on latest developments including therapeutic agents such as novel proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib, Ixazomib) and monoclonal antibodies (daratumumab, eculizumab) among others. Hence we can infer that top cited article set the stage with deeper understating about MM and helped make solid foundations for the latest developments in the field. We continue to expect ground breaking discoveries be shared through medical scientific literature. [Display omitted] DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

A relevant document search system model using word2vec approaches

USU Repository is an institutional digital information system provided by Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) that preserves and distributes academic papers, such as thesis and dissertation, from all departments in USU. A search box is provided to help search relevant topics from this repository. However, sometimes the search results returned were irrelevant and did not satisfy the user’s expectations. One of the causes for this situation is that the search engine could not perform optimally, particularly if the query were long and complicated. One approach that can be used to solve the problem is using semantic search. Semantic search is an information retrieval process from a sentence that involves understanding the results returned by natural language processing. In light of this approach, this paper aimed to propose a semantic search to seek the relevance between the user’s input query and academic papers returned as search results. This study implemented word2vec method in converting sentences into vectors. This study indicated average precision scores for small datasets as 46% and 73% for larger datasets.

Early in-hospital course of critically ill nontrauma patients in aresuscitation room of aGerman emergency department (OBSERvE2 study).

BackgroundManagement of critically ill nontrauma (CINT) patients in the resuscitation room of the emergency department (ED) is very challenging. Detailed data describing the patient characteristics and management of this population are lacking. This observational study describes the epidemiology, management and outcome in CINT ED patients in the resuscitation room.MethodsThis prospective, single center observational study included all adult patients who were consecutively admitted to the ED resuscitation room during 2 periods of 1 year (September 2014–August 2015 vs. September 2017– August 2018). Patient characteristics, out-of-hospital/in-hospital treatment, admission-related conditions, time intervals for diagnostics and interventions and outcome were recorded using a self-developed questionnaire.ResultsA total of 34,303 patients in the first and 35,039 patients in the second study period were admitted to the ED, of whom 532 and 457 patients, respectively, were admitted to the nontrauma resuscitation room due to acute life-threatening conditions. The patient characteristics did not differ significantly between the study periods (male: 58% vs. 59%, age: 68 ± 17 years vs. 65 ± 17 years). Time intervals for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions were similar. The CINT patients during the second study period were treated faster compared to the first study period (end of ED management: 53 ± 33 min vs. 41 ± 24 min, p < 0.0001). The 30-day all-cause mortality was comparable (34.0% vs. 36.3%).ConclusionObservation of critically ill patient management in the ED resuscitation room showed reliable results between both study periods. Structured ED management guidelines for CINT patients may provide comparable results at one institution.Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00101-021-00962-3) contains an additional table and the evaluation chart. The article and the supplementary material are available at www.springermedizin.de.Please enter the article title in the search box; the supplementary material is available with the article under “Supplementary Information”.

Navigation Design and Library Terminology

The University Library at California State University, Stanislaus is not only undergoing a library building renovation, but a website redesign as well. The library conducted a user-centered usability study to collect data in order to best lead the library website “renovation.” A prototype was created to assess an audience-based navigation design, homepage content framework, and heading terminology. The usability study consisted of 38 student participants. It was determined that a topic-based navigation design will be implemented instead of an audience-based navigation, a search-all search box will be integrated, and the headings and menu links will be modified to avoid ambiguous library terminology. Further research on different navigation and content designs, and usability design approaches, will be explored for future studies.

Starting a search: Exploring the differences in two digital libraries

AbstractWe conducted an eye‐tracking study in two digital libraries to examine how users orientate themselves on the digital library homepages, how fast and by which actions they initiate the search process. Results showed that participants typically started their task by querying. However, there were some differences in the elements they fixated on first, the way they started the search and the time they needed to orient on the page. These differences seem to have been caused by the homepage layout, especially by the search box position. This shows eye‐tracking can be used to examine first actions in digital libraries and could be useful for designing better interfaces.

Machado: Open source genomics data integration framework.

BackgroundGenome projects and multiomics experiments generate huge volumes of data that must be stored, mined, and transformed into useful knowledge. All this information is supposed to be accessible and, if possible, browsable afterwards. Computational biologists have been dealing with this scenario for more than a decade and have been implementing software and databases to meet this challenge. The GMOD's (Generic Model Organism Database) biological relational database schema, known as Chado, is one of the few successful open source initiatives; it is widely adopted and many software packages are able to connect to it.FindingsWe have been developing an open source software package named Machado, a genomics data integration framework implemented in Python, to enable research groups to both store and visualize genomics data. The framework relies on the Chado database schema and, therefore, should be very intuitive for current developers to adopt it or have it running on top of already existing databases. It has several data-loading tools for genomics and transcriptomics data and also for annotation results from tools such as BLAST, InterproScan, OrthoMCL, and LSTrAP. There is an API to connect to JBrowse, and a web visualization tool is implemented using Django Views and Templates. The Haystack library integrated with the ElasticSearch engine was used to implement a Google-like search, i.e., single auto-complete search box that provides fast results and filters.ConclusionMachado aims to be a modern object-relational framework that uses the latest Python libraries to produce an effective open source resource for genomics research.

An optimal [formula omitted] scheme for simulations of colliding, particle-laden flows on unstructured grids

The cost of tracking Lagrangian particles in a domain discretized on an unstructured grid can become prohibitively expensive as the number of particles or elements grows. A major part of the cost in these calculations is spent on locating the element that hosts a particle and detecting binary collisions, with the latter traditionally requiring O(N2) operations, N being the number of particles. This paper introduces an optimal search box strategy to significantly reduce the cost of these two operations, ensuring a nearly O(N) scaling of the cost of collision detection for large-scale simulations. The particle localization strategy is constructed by obtaining an a priori estimate for the optimal number of search boxes as a function of the number of elements, particles, and time steps. The introduced method is generic, as it must be tuned only once for a given implementation and element type. The optimal number of search boxes for collision detection, although complex in form, can be reasonably approximated as the number of particles. The optimality of our method is shown using three drastically varying geometries.

Coletivos ciberfeministas como fonte de informação

Objetivo: Analisar os coletivos ciberfeministas como fonte de informação, cujos problemas incluem questionar se esses sites disponibilizam sugestões de bibliografias com publicações que abordam o tema, identificar quais são os tipos de materiais (e-books, artigos, vídeos, dissertações, teses, cartilhas, leis, etc.) disponibilizados, quem os acessa, quem os produz e se mensuram os acessos aos materiais.Método: Optou-se pela pesquisa exploratória usando-se o método de etnografia virtual, avaliando os coletivos feministas brasileiros destacados na literatura pesquisada: Think Olga, Não Me Kahlo, Geledés, Blogueiras Negras, Escreva Lola Escreva, Blogueiras Feministas, Biscate Social Club, Gorda e Sapatão, Transfeminismos.Resultado: Os coletivos estudados apresentam, em sua maioria postagens de textos, muitos dos quais construídos a partir da consciência e conhecimento que o escritor tem do assunto, alguns seguindo uma abordagem próxima a de um depoimento, mostrando uma percepção pessoal sobre o tema, enquanto outros apresentam uma discussão com maior neutralidade. A busca por informação nesses blogs e outros ambientes virtuais, como páginas em redes sociais, nem sempre é facilitada, uma vez que alguns deles apresentam tags e campos de busca, mas nem todos. Se posicionam quanto ao possível público-alvo, contudo não foi localizado quantos acessos são realizados. Os comentários dos leitores são um indicador de que há interesse pelos materiais disponibilizados, mas não se tem um mapa dos acessos sobre quem e quanto foi acessado.Conclusões: Considera-se que a Ciência da Informação é fundamental para o ciberfeminismo, pois contribui diretamente para o empoderamento feminino, dado que visa compreender a dinâmica de desenvolvimento e difusão de uma cultura informacional nesse meio, e uma das principais propostas é promover o acesso e a apropriação à informação pelas mulheres

Model-based information navigation for engineering documents

Engineering and the manner in which engineers think is largely visual and functional, and yet engineers are typically provided with search engines that are text-based. While software based on a visual and functional ethos exist (CAD for example), when searching for information engineers are still required to enter a text query into a search box. This process holds potential incompatibilities both with the nature of the data (i.e. 3D models) and with the way in which engineers think and work. Consequentially, the proposition tested in this paper is that a model-based approach to information access, i.e. a representation of an organisations information around a model of an artefact i.e. CAD model, can improve engineering information retrieval.In an A-B test with a traditional text-based search engine, and using study questions derived from real-world information seeking scenarios based on the activities of a world-leading aircraft manufacturer, the results presented in this paper suggest that there is merit to such an approach. Specifically, this paper shows that there is no significant difference in time to complete a search between a model-based and text-based interfaces in spite of the addition of a new stage in the search process (navigating a 3D model); that the system structure of the model-based interface allows for non-text based documents to be indexed, making up for the inherent limitations in traditional text-based search; and that participants enjoy using the model-based interface and find it intuitive, easy and simple to use. Further, this paper also finds that those with more experience/familiar with the product structure and those in managerial positions are more likely to find information using a model-based interface that those who are not, who perform better using a text-based interface.

BabyByte: Formative Research to Inform the Development of an App to Improve Responsive Feeding Practices in Parents of Infants and Toddlers

Abstract Objectives Responsive feeding is associated with reduced risk of early childhood obesity. The objective of this qualitative study was to determine parents’ preferred content and features for a mHealth app designed to improve responsive feeding practices. Methods Parents of 0–2 year old children completed individual semi-structured interviews with a trained researcher. Interview questions were informed by the Technology Acceptance Model and parents provided feedback on preferred app content and features. An app prototype, BabyByte, was developed using the Marvel platform to discuss potential app features during the interview. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded by two researchers using a thematic analysis approach and major themes were summarized. Results Parents (n = 40) were, on average, 33.2 years old with the majority self-reporting as non-Hispanic white (53%), a bachelor's degree or higher education (62%), and low-income (53%). Half of the participants were fathers. Overall, the majority (85%) of parents indicated that they would be likely or very likely to use BabyByte. Themes revealed that parents were most interested in topics related to introducing new foods, feeding tips, example meals, recipes, and food allergy guidance. Features including personalized profile set-up, video content, goal setting, milestone tracking, ask an expert, discussion forum, and an app search box were noted as most important or helpful by parents. Convenient access, up-to-date content from a reputable and identifiable source, and incentives for completing modules were indicated as important benefits. Conclusions Findings of this study are important considerations for the development of future mHealth tools for parents of infants and toddlers to improve responsive feeding practices and prevent early childhood obesity. Usability testing of BabyByte is currently in progress. Funding Sources University of Florida CTSI.

Digital Mental Health Tools for Caregivers of Older Adults-A Scoping Review.

Aim: Informal caregivers have an important role in bridging the gap between the assistance care recipients need and what can be provided by the health care systems across Europe. The burden of the caregiving role places a significant threat to caregiver health, and the vast majority of caregiver's report stress and emotional strain, depression, and increased rates of chronic diseases. In line with this, strengthening the caregiver's mental health is one of the main goals for optimal caregiving. Caregivers already struggle with the demand of their role while coping with health problems, social, family, and work obligations. The solution for the caregiver's mental health needs to be accessible, low cost, and time-effective. This scoping review investigates digital mental health tools available as a mean of supporting the mental health of caregivers.Method: Databases searched include Summon search box, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed. Three groups of keywords were combined: relating to digital mental health interventions for caregivers, digital mental health interventions and stress in elderly care, and digital mental health interventions and burden in elderly care.Results: Caregivers reported that digital mental health tools have an overall positive role in their health. Coping skills, emotion regulation, skill building, and education are found to be important aspects of digital mental health tools. There was a noted lack of digital mental health apps available specifically for the caregiver of older adults. Furthermore, the digital mental health tools, divided into three categories in this review, focused either on building skills or educating caregivers and assisting with the duties rather than the mental health of the caregiver itself. As repeatedly suggested in the reviewed studies, digital mental health interventions overall contribute to reducing the caregiver burden with a limitation of addressing one aspect of caregiver needs –i.e., specific coping skills or education regarding illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease and Dementia. The lack of all-encompassing, data and theory-driven digital mental health tools for addressing and supporting the caregiver's mental health is evident.

Big data adoption in academic libraries: a literature review

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the publication of big data in the library from Scopus database by looking at the writing time period of the papers, author's country, the most frequently occurring keywords, the article theme, the journal publisher and the group of keywords in the big data article. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative approach by extracting data from Scopus database publications with the keywords “big data” and “library” in May 2019. The collected data was analysed using Voxviewer software to show the keywords or terms. The results of the study stated that articles on big data have appeared since 2012 and are increasing in number every year. The big data authors are mostly from China and America. Keywords that often appear are based on the results of terminology visualization are including, “big data”, “libraries”, “library”, “data handling”, “data mining”, “university libraries”, “digital libraries”, “academic libraries”, “big data applications” and “data management”. It can be concluded that the number of publications related to big data in the library is still small; there are still many gaps that need to be researched on the topic. The results of the research can be used by libraries in using big data for the development of library innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe Scopus database was accessed on 24 May 2019 by using the keyword “big data” and “library” in the search box. The authors only include papers, which title contain of big data in library. There were 74 papers, however, 1 article was dropped because of it not meeting the criteria (affiliation and abstract were not available). The papers consist of journal articles, conference papers, book chapters, editorial and review. Then the data were extracted into excel and analysed as follows (by the year, by the author/s’s country, by the theme and by the publisher). Following that the collected data were analysed using VOX viewer software to see the relationship between big data terminology and library, terminology clustering, keywords that often appear, countries that publish big data, number of big data authors, year of publication and name of journals that publish big data and library articles (Alagu and Thanuskodi, 2019).FindingsIt can be concluded that the implementation of big data in libraries is still in an early stage, it is shown from the limited number of practical implementation of big data analytics in library. Not many libraries that use big data to support innovation and services since there were lack of librarian skills of big data analytics. The library manager’s view of big data is still not necessary to do. It is suggested for academic libraries to start their adoption of big data analytics to support library services especially research data. To do so, librarians can enhance their skills and knowledge by following some training in big data analytics or research data management. The information technology infrastructure also needs to be upgraded since big data need big IT capacity. Finally, the big data management policy should be made to ensure the implementation goes well.Originality/valueThis paper discovers the adoption and implementation of big data in library, many papers talk big data in business and technology context. This is offering new idea for many libraries especially academic library about the adoption of big data to support their services. They can adopt the big data analytics technology and technique that suitable for their library.

KnowIME: A System to Construct a Knowledge Graph for Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment

With the development of a new generation of information technology, such as big data and cognitive intelligence, we are in the postmodern era of artificial intelligence. Currently, the manufacturing industry is in the critical period of transitioning to smart manufacturing, but the cognitive capabilities of devices in smart factories are still scarce. Knowledge Graph (KG) is one of the key technologies of cognitive intelligence, which opens a new path for the horizontal integration of intelligent manufacturing. Therefore, this paper proposes and builds a manufacturing equipment information query system based on KG. Firstly, a large amount of heterogeneous data that contains vast devices information is obtained from the network. Secondly, the conditional random fields (CRF) algorithm is used to extract the entity name, product place, and company name of the device, and then the relationship between the device entities is identified by calculating the similarity and Chinese syntax analysis. In the validation section, we use to the map of Neo4j graph database, when we input a name of a device in the search box, the system can return a relational graph node. In addition, the shortest path optimization algorithm is used to calculate the similarity between nodes in the search process to achieve the recommendation of similar node information.

The Charles Dickens Letters Project ed. by Leon Litvack and Emily Bell

Reviewed by: The Charles Dickens Letters Project ed. by Leon Litvack and Emily Bell Lydia Craig (bio) The Charles Dickens Letters Project. Edited by Leon Litvack and Emily Bell, Dickens Fellowship, 2016–20, dickensletters.com. Charles Dickens destroyed the bulk of his letters in one tragic September 1860 event, known as the Bonfire at Gad's Hill Place. Aided by his reluctant children, Dickens burned baskets of private papers spanning a twenty-year period, perhaps exercising editorial control over his life through this drastic measure, which was repeated in another conflagration a few years later. Most of these were likely authored not by [End Page 454] Dickens himself, but by family members, literary writers, public figures, fans, and perhaps even his secret mistress. His recipients, however, retained, preserved, and treasured Dickens's communications, many of which came to light after his death in 1870. To the delight of Victorians mourning their celebrated author, between 1880–93, Dickens's sister-in-law Georgina Hogarth and eldest daughter Mamie published three editions of his surviving correspondence, The Letters of Charles Dickens from 1833 to 1870. Over the decades, several collections of Dickens's letters have followed, adding to knowledge of Dickens's various public and personal activities. For Dickens scholars, the definitive edition of his correspondence is The Letters of Charles Dickens (1965–2002), edited by Madeline House, Graham Storey, et. al., the "Pilgrim Edition." Reviewers deemed the twelve volumes published by the Clarendon Press "scrupulous and informative" (Sunday Telegraph), "meticulously researched" (Sunday Times), "a superlative work on a grand scale" (Yearbook of English Studies) and "accurately edited, annotated to the full" (Times Literary Supplement). Since publication of the last of these volumes in 2002, previously undocumented letters by Dickens have appeared with steady regularity, on average between thirty to forty per annum. Initially, The Dickensian, journal of the Dickens Fellowship, published the majority of these new letters between 2002–13 in nineteen printed supplements to the Pilgrim Edition. Editors were Angus Easson, Margaret Brown, Joan Dicks, Paul Schlicke, Ben Winyard, and Leon Litvack. Since 2013, Litvack continues to publish these letters through the journal, while also categorizing and uploading Dickens's new letters in his capacity as current principal editor of The Charles Dickens Letters Project, a site sponsored by the Dickens Fellowship. Joining him in his endeavor are editor Emily Bell and consultant editor Michael Slater. As of April 2020, there are approximately 450 letters on the site, with another 150 in the process of being edited for upload. An recent addition is twenty-four edited letters addressed to Christian Bernhard Tauchnitz, the official German publisher of Charles Dickens's works and the Tauchnitz Collection of British and American Authors, a series begun in 1842 which released new titles for over one hundred years. Eventually, having achieved the milestone of 1,000 or so discovered letters, this online collection will form the thirteenth printed volume of the Pilgrim Edition. Inclusion of a Dickens timeline and a biographical sketch of Dickens by Michael Slater on the Charles Dickens Letters Project website ensures that those unfamiliar with major events in the author's life and his publications can acquire a swift but solid grounding. At the bottom of the home screen, users can view a list of the twenty most recently uploaded letters. Conveniently located on the left of the home page is the advanced search feature, which allows for text searching (word or phrase) across the collection. Letters are [End Page 455] grouped by nearly one hundred themes, mostly specific titles of works and names of topics discussed (e.g. Bleak House, charity, Germany). Scholars of A Christmas Carol (1843) can simply select that theme to instantly access letters mentioning it by phrase or subject even if no text is entered into the search box. Four demarcated periods are available for searching: 1837–1840, 1841–1850, 1851–1860 and 1861–1870. Selecting any one of these options yields a list of all letters available within this period, though these are not listed chronologically in relation to each other; if written to the same recipient, multiple letters are listed adjacently, but in no particular order. This is perhaps a feature to consider...

OASIS: Openly Available Sources Integrated Search

OASIS is a freely available librarian developed OER search tool. It currently searches almost 100 sources from reputable organizations such as Cornell Open, OpenStax, and MIT Open Courseware with new content being added regularly. Source types include textbooks, courses, course materials, simulations, books, audiobooks, videos, podcasts, learning objects, and primary sources. Users can search OASIS directly from the search box on the main page or use the advanced search option. Search functionality works well but there are no options to sort results by relevancy or date. However, users can filter results by type, subject, source, license and reviews. The pages are clear and easy to read and there were only minor issues with accessibility. Overall OASIS is a good search tool for finding quality OER materials.

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ КОРМОПРИГОТУВАЛЬНО-РОЗДАВАЛЬНОГО АГРЕГАТУ МЕТОДОМ МОРФОЛОГІЧНОГО АНАЛІЗУ-СИНТЕЗУ

The purpose and the initial need in the field of improvement of feed mixing units is to analyze and synthesize environmentally friendly design solutions suitable for use in design and development. It in the period of capture and improvement of the system istimeli and actual. For the first time, a functional analysis of the existing units of the world was carried out and a patent research was performed for a depth of 15 years, which is sufficient for the medium-term forecasting of this technical system. Justified classification features, expressed through functions and selected alternative design solutions that implement the classification features. This allowed the authors to effectively use the method of morphological analysis, which provided a search box 3981312 constructive solutions. Through careful analysis of existing methods of formalization of synthesis, the authors used the method of morphological synthesis with hierarchical grouping of features of the unit. To reduce the scope of work and reduce subjectivity, the authors used the classification of features offered by functional analysis. This made it possible to narrow down the synthesis search field to 48 solutions. Thus, an effective methodology for finding technical solutions of 1&ndash;3 levels that are patentable and the recommended parameters of feed and distribution units with low technogenic pressure on the environment are proposed. In further researches for formalization plan to use a clusteranalysis that will allow to group the great numbers ofdecisions after similarity and differences. It specifie the substantial signs of decisions, that will provide todistinguish a decision.

The Relationship Between Dictionary Look-up Frequency and Corpus Frequency Revisited: A Log-File Analysis of a Decade of User Interaction with a Swahili-English Dictionary

In an earlier publication it was claimed that there is no useful relationship between Swahili-English dictionary look-up frequencies and the occurrence frequencies for the same wordforms in Swahili-English corpora, at least not beyond the top few thousand wordforms. This result was challenged using data for German by a different team of researchers using an improved methodology. In the present article the original Swahili-English data is revisited, using ten years’ worth of it rather than just two, and using the improved methodology. We conclude that there is indeed a positive relationship. In addition, we show that online dictionary look-up behaviour is remarkably similar across languages, even when, as in our case, one is dealing with languages from very dissimilar language families. Furthermore, online dictionaries turn out to have minimum look-up success rates, below which they simply cannot go. These minima are language-sensitive and vary depending on the regularity of the searched-for entries, but are otherwise constant no matter the size of randomly sampled dictionaries. Corpus-informed sampling always improves on any random method. Lastly, from the point of view of the graphical user interface, we argue that the average user of an online bilingual dictionary is better served with a single search box, rather than separate search boxes for each dictionary side.

Uma Classificação de tipos de objetos de patrimônio para integração de acervos digitais de arquivos, bibliotecas e museus

Since the raise of the Web, the Memory and Culture institutions - archives, libraries and museums - have been digitizing their collections and making them available on the Web through computerized tools. When it comes to portals that integrate heterogeneous collections, such as those found in archives, libraries and museums, the traditional search box for keywords consists of true "black boxes", since users have no idea of ​​the contents of the system. In this context, heterogeneous portals must provide several other navigation and exploitation mechanisms for the available content, which can guide users in their search for information. Among these mechanisms are several indexes, filters or navigational taxonomies, which allow exploitation of the database according to different facets. This work aims to propose a comprehensive classification of types of objects existing in collections of Memory and Culture institutions, which may enable navigation, discovery, integration and interoperability between such collections.

Online, Anytime.

When Pediatrics in Review was first published 40 years ago, I was in diapers, and Visual Diagnosis was still 2 decades from conception. At its 20-year mark, I was unaware that Pediatrics in Review was beginning to publish content online. I was keenly aware of the shifting tides from traditional media to online information; after all, I was starting a career in multimedia production. However, I was still several years from discovering my second calling in pediatric medicine, so I was not yet a Pediatrics in Review reader.When I finally discovered Pediatrics in Review, it was the online version that worked best for my learning style. It has always been difficult for me to focus on reading textbooks, and the Pediatrics in Review search box solved that problem. I found that I could quickly access content relevant to my practice on demand, which made the topics come alive and allowed me to apply the knowledge to real patients.For Pediatrics in Review, the birth of online publishing opened opportunities to create additional material, and Visual Diagnosis was born in March of 2000. It was initially printed, but the format of a presenting image followed by the diagnosis and discussion allowed for a smooth transition to online-only publication. Dr Joe Zenel was the inaugural editor of this section and wrote the first article, titled “An Infant Who Has Fever and Rash.” Dr Zenel built the foundations of Visual Diagnosis and eventually became editor-in-chief. It is an honor for me to learn from him and to continue his legacy with the Visual Diagnosis feature.Dr Zenel concluded the first Visual Diagnosis article with this question: “…will the clinician-in-training recognize measles in the patient presenting with fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and a red maculopapular rash?” Given the fact that measles was eradicated from the United States in that same year, it was a valid question.Today, pocket-sized computers and excessive media hype can induce irrational fears in anxious parents. I suspect that many of you have received photographs via text message from parents asking if something looks like measles, a spider bite, or fungus. Luckily, for today’s clinicians and clinicians-in-training, there is a vast library of Visual Diagnosis cases available to access when you find yourself confronted with an unusual fever and rash. Pediatrics in Review will continue to move forward, adding to this library and offering expert content to pediatricians for many generations to come.

Sowing the Seeds for More Usable Web Archives: A Usability Study of Archive-It

In 2017, seven members of the Archive-It Mid-Atlantic Users Group (AITMA) conducted a study of fourteen participants representative of their stakeholder populations to assess the usability of Archive-It, a web archiving subscription service of the Internet Archive. While Archive-It is the most widely used tool for web archiving, little is known about how users interact with the service. This study investigated what users expect from web archives, a distinct form of archival materials. End-user participants executed four search tasks using the public Archive-It interface and the Wayback Machine to access archived information on websites from the facilitators' own harvested collections and provided feedback about their experiences. The tasks were designed to have straightforward outcomes (completed or not completed), and the facilitators took notes on the participants' behavior and commentary during the sessions. Overall, participants reported mildly positive impressions of the Archive-It public user interface based on their sessions. The study identified several key areas of improvement for the Archive-It service pertaining to metadata options, terminology display, indexing of dates, and the site's search box.