Sea Grant Research Articles

Reef and Shore Fishes of the Hawaiian Islands John E. Randall . 2007. Reef and Shore Fishes of the Hawaiian Islands. Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i. Honolulu. ISBN: 1-929054-03-3. 560 $125.00 (hard cover).

Reef and Shore Fishes of the Hawaiian Islands John E. Randall . 2007. Reef and Shore Fishes of the Hawaiian Islands. Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i. Honolulu. ISBN: 1-929054-03-3. 560 $125.00 (hard cover).

Scientists

Scientists

Venting: A Guide to Releasing Reef Fish with Ruptured Swimbladders

SGEF-162, a 2-page full-color brochure by John Stevely, Don Sweat, Chuck Adams, Rich Novak, provides a step-by-step guide to how to vent reef fish, and describes the venting tools available to fishermen today. Published by the UF Sea Grant College Program, January 2005.

Preparing Blue Crab: A Seafood Delicacy

SGEF-120, a four-fold color brochure by Donald E. Sweat, illustrates how to pick the meat, and provides information on how to buy blue crabs. Published by the UF Sea Grant Extension Program, revised May 2007. SGEF120/SG078: Preparing Blue Crab: A Seafood Delicacy (ufl.edu)

Sea Grant in Latin America?

This paper explores the application of the US Sea Grant model of applied research, extension, and education to two case studies in Latin America: Coastal Ecuador and the Gulf of Fonseca. The analysis is based on a series of meetings and roundtables with in-country partners and leaders of the US Sea Grant program. We conclude that the Sea Grant model provides an institutional structure that Latin America lacks and the model's features would improve governance of marine and coastal resources through more effective linkages between coastal communities, universities, and policy/decision makers at local, national, and international levels.

Apoptosis in Crassostrea virginica and its modulation by Perkinsus marinus

Apoptosis has been implicated as a defense mechanism against intracellular parasites whereas the parasite-induced manipulation of host apoptosis is a means to extend survival and proliferation. Perkinsus marinus is an intracellular protozoan parasite which causes large scale mortalities in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. We studied whether apoptosis of oyster immune cells (hemocytes) is increased to counteract P.marinus infection and whether P.marinus can inhibit this increase. Our data show that following in vitro exposure of hemocytes, hemocyte apoptosis significantly increased by 45 minutes, remained elevated up till 3 hours and returned to the control levels by 4 hours. In vivo, infections of oysters with P.marinus for one day resulted in elevated apoptotic levels of hemocytes accompanied by a significant decrease in circulating hemocyte concentration. By day two, apoptosis levels returned to control, and infections in oyster tissues were clearly established. Together, these results suggest that an increase in apoptosis may be an early defense mechanism employed by oysters to control infection and P.marinus successfully establishes infection by suppressing this response. Supported by NOAA/North Carolina Sea Grant and UNC Charlotte Faculty Research Grant.

Sara Tjossem. The Journey to PICES: Scientific Cooperation in the North Pacific. xii + 194 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. Fairbanks: Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 2005. $20 (cloth).

Sara Tjossem. <i>The Journey to PICES: Scientific Cooperation in the North Pacific</i>. xii + 194 pp., figs., apps., bibl., index. Fairbanks: Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 2005. $20 (cloth).

The Journey to PICES: Scientific Cooperation in the North Pacific. By Sara Tjossem. Fairbanks: Alaska Sea Grant College Program, 2005. xii + 194 pp. Figures, notes, bibliography, index. Cloth $20.00

<i>The Journey to PICES: Scientific Cooperation in the North Pacific.</i> By Sara Tjossem. Fairbanks: Alaska Sea Grant College Program, 2005. xii + 194 pp. Figures, notes, bibliography, index. Cloth $20.00

Primer on Invasive Species in Coastal and Marine Waters

Now available online! SGEB-60, a 28-page full-color circular by Charles Jacoby, Linda Walters, Shirley Baker, and Karen Blyler, provides important background information on invasive species, especially invasive species in saltwater systems. Includes bibliography, glossary, a list of international laws and conventions related to invasive species, a directory of experts, and additional sources of information. Published by Florida Sea Grant, University of Florida IFAS Extension, July 2004.

Practical Guide to Assembling and Using a Fish Resuscitation System for Florida Catch-and-Release Fishing Tournaments

SGEF-166, a 2-page full-color guide by Robert Wasno, provides all the basic information necessary to assemble a fish resuscitation system, and provides instructions for using it safely and successfully. Published by Florida Sea Grant, University of Florida, IFAS Extension, May 2006.

Lightning & Sailboats

Now available online! SGEB-17, a 9-page illustrated bulletin by Ewen M. Thomson, describes the physics of lightning at a layman's level, discusses how a lightning protection system is supposed to work, and explains some of the technical details necessary for the correct installation of a protection system. Published by Florida Sea Grant, University of Florida, July 1992. Reviewed and approved for EDIS July 2006.

Are Native and Nonindigenous Seaweeds Overgrowing Florida's East Coast Reefs?

SGEF-156, a 2-page illustrated fact sheet by Charles Jacoby, Brian LaPointe, and LeRoy Creswell, discusses the excessive growth of green macroalgae, or seaweed, on the reefs around Palm Beach Florida. It documents the observations and surveys of several plants in recent years, describes the ecological and economic consequences of macroalgal blooms, and urges readers to work to lower the amount of nutrients finding their way into coastal waters and avoid fueling macroalgal blooms. Published by Florida Sea Grant, University of Florida, IFAS Extension, June 2004.

Can We Stop "Killer Algae" From Invading Florida?

SGEF-155, a 2-page illustrated fact sheet by Charles Jacoby and Linda Walters, describes the Mediterranean strain of Caulerpa taxifolia, or "killer algae", what it is, what it looks like, why it is invasive, and how people can help preventing an invasion of this noxious aquatic weed. Published by Florida Sea Grant, University of Florida, June 2004.

Anthropology in Pursuit of Public Policy and Practical Knowledge

When I look backward, it seems easy to see the threads of continuity in my life. When I look forward, it is not that easy to see a plan, which makes me wonder whether this chapter is a convenient fabrication of hindsight. Practicing anthropologists have a particular challenge to create coherent careers because there is no one path or career for using anthropology to generate practical knowledge and action. All of the women in this Bulletin have forged lives that come in part from inner sources of strength and knowledge, sometimes good fortune, and sometimes desperation. But we share the belief that anthropological knowledge is valuable and good for something, and we share the common experience of trying to apply it. In this chapter, I identify what I think are the key values, circumstances, people, and events that made me choose to be a practicing anthropologist. Although we originally were to focus on gender and how that influenced our lives, this Bulletin has become a much broader look at our lives. I follow the key circumstances, values, and decisions that led me to practicing anthropology, including my family background, educational choices and degree programs, and my first academic appointment. I describe my transition to the federal government and experience in the executive branch as a program manager encouraging and integrating anthropology into program missions for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Sea Grant College Program. My most recent work with the U.S. Senate as a legislative aide for environment and energy to a Democratic Senator is the latest addition to this story, but I do not think this is finished. As with all the chapters, I end with practical advice.

Applying the basin model: Assessing habitat suitability of young-of-the-year demersal fishes on the New York Bight continental shelf

The extent to which young-of-the-year (YOY) fish habitats become saturated with new recruits has remained relatively unevaluated for temperate, demersal, continental shelf fishes. MacCall's [1990. Dynamic Geography of Marine Fish Populations. Washington Sea Grant Program, University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington] basin model was used as a framework for examining the dynamics of an assemblage of recently settled fishes in relation to available microhabitat on the New York Bight continental shelf (USA). For four abundant species (three flatfish, one merlucciid hake), density-specific patterns of microhabitat selection, spatial dispersion and overall cross-shelf habitat use were investigated using a research submersible over three cross-shelf transects during the late summer settlement season. Typically, recruits that saturated YOY habitats (>1 ind/m 2) were randomly distributed within underwater transects and formed weak associations with specific microhabitats. At lower densities (<1 ind/m 2), recruit spacing tended toward nonrandom (clumped/even) with increasing significant affinities for ecologically important substrates (i.e. Limanda ferruginea, sand wave crests/low shell hash). For Citharichthys arctifrons, clumping appeared to increase with complexity of the habitat. Several less-abundant species (i.e. Urophycis chuss, Tautogolabrus adspersus) formed tight associations with rare habitat features and may consequently encounter the greatest bottleneck for space during the benthic/pelagic transition. Although restricted by the scale of observation, these results begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which habitat quality and quantity moderate recruitment on the continental shelf.

Enrichment, concentration and retention processes in relation to anchovy ( Engraulis ringens) eggs and larvae distributions in the northern Humboldt upwelling ecosystem

A Lagrangian model is used to simulate and quantify in the northern Humboldt upwelling ecosystem the processes of enrichment, concentration and retention, identified by Bakun [Bakun, A., 1996. Patterns in the ocean. Ocean processes and marine population dynamics. University of California Sea Grant, California, USA, in cooperation with Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas de Noroeste, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, 323 pp.] as being important for the survival and recruitment of early life stages of pelagic fish. The method relies on tracking the positions of particles within water velocity fields generated by a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Simple criteria for considering particles as participating to enrichment, concentration or retention are used to derive indices of the three processes. We analyse the spatial distribution of and seasonal variability in these indices. The results are discussed in relation to anchovy ( Engraulis ringens) eggs and larvae distributions off Peru, and to a comparable study conducted in the southern Benguela upwelling ecosystem.

Simulation and quantification of enrichment and retention processes in the southern Benguela upwelling ecosystem

AbstractImportant environmental processes for the survival and recruitment of early life stages of pelagic fishes have been synthesized through Bakun's fundamental triad as enrichment, concentration and retention processes (A. Bakun, 1996, Patterns in the Ocean. Ocean Processes and Marine Population Dynamics. San Diego, CA, USA: University of California Sea Grant). This conceptual framework states that from favourable spawning habitats, eggs and larvae would be transported to and/or retained in places where food originating from enrichment areas would be concentrated. We propose a method for quantifying two of the triad processes, enrichment and retention, based on the Lagrangian tracking of particles transported within water velocity fields generated by a three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model. We apply this method to the southern Benguela upwelling ecosystem, constructing putative maps of enrichment and retention. We comment on these maps regarding main features of the circulation in the region, and investigate seasonal variability of the processes. We finally discuss the results in relation to available knowledge on the reproductive strategies of two pelagic clupeoid species abundant in the southern Benguela, anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardinops sagax). Our approach is intended to be sufficiently generic so as to allow its application to other upwelling systems.

Taxonomic diversity and geographic distributions of aquarium-traded species of Caulerpa (Chlorophyta: Caulerpaceae) in southern California, USA

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 314:97-108 (2006) - doi:10.3354/meps314097 Taxonomic diversity and geographic distributions of aquarium-traded species of Caulerpa (Chlorophyta: Caulerpaceae) in southern California, USA Susan Frisch Zaleski1, Steven N. Murray2,* 1University of Southern California Sea Grant Program, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 209, Los Angeles, California 90089-0373, USA 2California State University at Fullerton, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, PO Box 6850, Fullerton, California 92834-6850, USA *Corresponding author. Email: smurray@fullerton.edu ABSTRACT: We identified 14 taxa (10 species) of Caulerpa from retail aquarium outlets in southern California, USA, suggesting that the aquarium industry has the potential to be an important vector for transporting these non-native seaweeds into distant geographic regions. Seaweeds were sold in 58% and species of Caulerpa in 52% of the 50 stores visited between November 2000 and August 2001. C. serrulata var. hummii (18%), C. taxifolia (14%), C. racemosa (14%), and C. racemosa var. lamourouxii (14%) were the most commonly encountered taxa. The 14 aquarium-traded Caulerpa taxa were distributed from tropical to temperate waters. Only 3 (C. ashmeadii, C. serrulata var. hummii and C. microphysa) were confined to the tropics, whereas 12 had distributions extending into temperate seas. These temperate components to their distributions indicate that, if introduced, several other taxa of aquarium-traded Caulerpa besides C. taxifolia might be capable of establishing populations in southern Californian or other temperate waters. KEY WORDS: Aquarium industry · Caulerpa spp. · Geographic distribution · Invasive seaweeds · Marine invasions Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 314. Online publication date: May 22, 2006 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2006 Inter-Research.

Exploring Fishing Socialization Among Male and Female Anglers in New York's Eastern Lake Ontario Area

Fishing is an important component of the traditions and economy of New York's Lake Ontario region. A decline in the number of New York State resident anglers fishing in Lake Ontario since 1988 and a projected decline for anglers between the ages of 18 and 44 by 2005 raised questions about the concepts that influence angler initiation and continued fishing participation, especially for groups with few participants (e.g., female anglers). Interviews were conducted with 41 anglers (21 males and 20 females) in 2001 and 2002, and qualitatively analyzed. Fishing socialization processes for male and female anglers were proposed that include three stages of fishing socialization: initial involvement, attachment, and commitment. Female fishing socialization was found to focus primarily on the social aspects of fishing, while male socialization focused on both the social and sport-related aspects. The concepts influencing each socialization stage were identified. Marketing implications are discussed. The authors acknowledge New York Sea Grant and the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry for funding this research. In addition, we thank the many anglers interviewed as part of this study for their assistance.

Sea Grant 3rd Annual Science Symposium Lobsters as Model Organisms for Interfacing Behavior, Ecology, and Fisheries: Discussion Session Summary on Disease and Population Level Impacts

Sea Grant 3rd Annual Science Symposium Lobsters as Model Organisms for Interfacing Behavior, Ecology, and Fisheries: Discussion Session Summary on Disease and Population Level Impacts