SD Model Research Articles

Social Commerce Constructs and Buyer-Seller Relationship Quality as a predictor of Intention to Co-Creation in Branding

The main objective of this research was to examine the Rating and Reviews, Forums and Communities, and Buyer-Seller Relationship Quality as factors influencing the Intention to Co-creation in Branding. The researchers used quantitative method which involved empirical research. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 512 customers who buy products from online business. The researcher did data analysis by percentage, mean, SD, and Structural Equation Model analysis by AMOS.
 
 Referring to research findings, it was found as follows (1) the model for Intention to Co-Creation in Branding which includes Rating and Reviews, Forums and Communities, and Buyer-Seller Relationship Quality was aligned with the empirical data at good level (c2 = 78.903, df = 66, p-value = .133, c2/df = 1.196, GFI = .979, IFI = .996, CFI = .996, RMSEA = .020) (2) the factor of Rating and Reviews, Forums and Communities, and Buyer-Seller Relationship Quality affected the Intention to Co-Creation in Branding at statistical level of significance (p < .05) and all factors predicts the Intention to Co-Creation in Branding at 44.10 (R2 = 0.441).

Muon-electron lepton-flavor-violating transitions: Shell-model calculations of transitions inAl27

In this paper we present the results of large-scale shell-model calculations of muon-to-electron lepton-flavor violating transitions for the case of the target nucleus 27Al. We extend the previous shell-model calculations, done in the sd model space, by including also the p orbitals in order to see whether the negative-parity states produce any significant effect in the conversion rate. The analysis of the results shows the dominance of coherent transitions mediated by isovector operators and going by the ground state of the target, with practically null influence of excited positive- or negative-parity states.

Modeling and measurement of temperature and draw solution concentration induced water flux increment efficiencies in the forward osmosis membrane process

Water/energy sustainability has initiated strong academic interests in the development of forward osmosis (FO) to produce clean water. High water flux is critical to operate FO efficiently in industrial applications. Operation parameters including draw solution (DS) concentration and temperature highly affect water flux. As such, we investigated impacts of DS concentration and temperature on water fluxes of one commercial thin-film composite FO membrane via theoretical analysis and experimental measurement. Solution-diffusion model was revised by incorporating all concentration/temperature-related parameters. Results demonstrated the validity of revised SD model by comparing experimental and theoretical water fluxes at a wide DS concentration/temperature range. Concentration/temperature-induced water flux increment efficiencies (CIE and TIE) were introduced to quantify utilization efficiencies of high-salinity water and heat. Results revealed that water fluxes were increased with the increase of both DS concentration (0.5–5.0 M) and temperature (18–50 °C). However, the CIE decreased with the increase of DS concentration, but increased with the increase of temperature. Furthermore, the TIE increased with the increase of both DS concentration and temperature from 25 to 47 °C. Correlation coefficient of CIE and TIE was defined and calculated to optimize the FO process efficiency through identifying favorable zones of DS concentration and temperature.

A dynamical system study for the ecological development of mineral resources in minority areas

The distribution of mineral resources in China is mainly concentrated in minority areas. However, the technology of mineral resources development in minority areas is relatively backward and the utilization rate isn't high. Unreasonable exploitation for mineral resources has caused tremendous damage of mining environment, which restricts the sustainable, healthy and stable development of mining areas. Therefore, how to construct the ecological industrial chain of mineral resources in minority areas has become an important issue of mining sustainable development. In this paper, a SD model with the characteristic of minority areas is established by constructing the dynamical system flowchart that takes mineral resources-environment-economy-society (MEES system) as the main research object based on system dynamics simulation, combination determining weights, and fuzzy sets, etc. In addition, taking Tibetan minority areas for an example, this paper predicts the tendency of the MEES system in the region. Meanwhile, this paper designs four different development modes to provide the operable choice and reference for exploiting the mineral resources in minority areas.

Research on the evolution of participants collaboration mechanism in PPP model based on computer simulation: based on the old community renovation project

The system dynamic model (SD model) can simulate the dynamic change of the system from the overall perspective and carry out dynamic analysis of the structure, behavior and causality of the system by computer simulation under different assumptions. Therefore, to solve the problem of tripartite game between the government, private sector and owners which caused by the application of PPP model in the old community renovation, this paper establishes a three-party game model based on the evolutionary game theory and simulates the evolvement path of each participant by establishing SD Model with relevant computer Software. The research finds that: (1) the government, the community owners and the private sectors will eventually reach a stable and balanced state (supervision, participation, effort); (2) the government is dominant in the renovation, and the strategic choice of the private sectors and the community owners depends on the government’s strategy, the variables determined by the government and the relationship between these exogenous variables; (3) although a single variable could influence the strategic choice of each party, the formation of the final stable state depends on the interaction of multiple variables, and the government should handle the relationship between each stakeholders.

The common-envelope wind model for type Ia supernovae

AbstractWe have developed a new version of the SD model for type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in which a common envelope (CE) is assumed to form if the mass-transfer rate between a carbon/oxygen white dwarf (CO WD) and its companion exceeds a critical accretion rate. Based on this model, we found that both SN 2002cx-like and SN Ia-CSM objects may share a similar origin, i.e. these peculiar objects may originate from the explosion of hybrid carbon/oxygen/neon white dwarfs (CONe WDs) in SD systems, where SNe Ia-CSM explode in systems with a massive CE of ∼1 M⊙, while SN 2002cx-like events correspond to events without a massive CE.

Saving Process within a Zero Waste Strategy In Sicily: A System Dynamics Approach

Disposable society represents a way of living that is not sustainable anymore, mainly in a context like our planet where resources are really scarce. As theorized by Paul Connett, the guru of zero waste strategy, there is no waste until that material still contains a drop of usefulness. The core point of the paper is the implementation of a zero waste strategy in a small municipality in Sicily. By building up a SD model we can figure out how saving process connected to the decrease of amount of waste piled up in the landfoll, has been boosting this virtuous cycle, which is bound to cope with the citizens claims about environmental care and lower tax burden level.

Generación de un modelo de calidad para la evaluación de Objetos de Aprendizaje utilizando notación i* e ISO/IEC 25010

Este trabajo describe el proceso para la creación de un modelo de calidad que evalúe Objetos de Aprendizaje en aspectos tecnológicos y didácticos utilizando la notación i*. Para cumplir con este objetivo se revisaron modelos de calidad en ambos aspectos y conjuntamente con los conceptos de OA y calidad se han determinado las características que debe cumplir un OA, de esta manera considerar las características de evaluación. Se ha utilizado el método IQMC para la construcción del diagrama de dependencias estratégicas (SD) de i* para el modelo de calidad final. Con el modelo SD creado se establece la trazabilidad entre los criterios del modelo generado y los atributos de la matriz de la ISO/IEC 25010 para mantener una correlación entre las características de la notación i* con el estándar de la matriz mencionada de la ISO. La matriz obtenida es enriquecida con características conceptuales y los atributos que debe cumplir un OA. Se establecen las diferentes métricas en la matriz de la ISO para las evaluaciones de OA. Como resultado se obtiene un modelo generado mediante la evaluación de un OA con cada una de las métricas seleccionadas.

A system dynamics perspective on a viable systems approach definition for sustainable value

Aim of this work is to shed light on sustainable value and develop a model, based on vSa and translated at applicative level through the system dynamics methodology for measuring sustainable value. By adopting vSa perspective, value, characterized by strongly subjective contents, will be considered as a vector quantity, as the result of the subjective weighting of the different dimensions that may change according to the considered organization. Starting from the analysis of system dynamics and vSa, we will implement the theoretical framework into a model developed with system dynamics, hence through a methodology capable of addressing systemic problems which is also an expressive approach to solve issues arising in complex systems (characterized by interdependence, mutual interaction, information feedback, circular causality). In order to translate theory into “action and application” we will develop a model through which it will be possible to exploit the advantages of vSa implemented into an SD model, which ultimately can also be instantiated to specific cases and then simulated for further quantitative insights. Currently, there is no theoretical/practical approach to sustainable value measurement for business organizations that simultaneously considers the dimensions of the triple bottom line together with the subjective perspective of decision-makers. From these considerations, we derived the idea to integrate vSa and system dynamics with the aim of analyzing the issue of sustainable value, whose triple dimension is usually (erroneously) seen under a perspective that does not consider the interactions among those three dimensions. The integration of the subjective perspective within a model for calculating sustainable value can be seen as considering vSa as the theoretical framework, and system dynamics as the methodology that allows translating such an approach into a model that can later be simulated. It is also worth mentioning that through the application of the vSa theory to the case of sustainable value, by means of a transcoding approach like the system dynamics one, we are somehow trying to “redefine”, or better “enhance”, the vSa theory itself, by “operationalizing” it.

Pricing, product quality, and collection optimization in a decentralized closed-loop supply chain with different channel structures: Game theoretical approach

Abstract In recent years, recycling and remanufacturing functions have received increased attention because of strict environmental concerns and regulations. The aim of this paper is to investigate the pricing strategies as well as the quality level and effort decisions of the manufacturer, retailer, and third party operating in two types of closed-loop supply chains: (1) single-channel forward supply chain with a dual-recycling channel (SD model) and (2) dual-channel forward supply chain with a dual-recycling channel (DD model). On the basis of these different channel structures, two manufacturer Stackelberg game models are developed to explore the best values for prices, quality levels, and sales and collection efforts. In addition, to draw managerial insights, corresponding equilibrium solutions of the two model structures are determined and compared, and the channel structure that most benefits each supply chain member is examined. To reduce channel conflicts and increase each channel member’ profits, a novel coordination mechanism is introduced and discussed. Two numerical examples are presented to simulate the strategies for choosing the best channel format for a decentralized closed-loop supply chain and examine the effectiveness of the coordination contract. The results revealed that the DD model is the best for the manufacturer, and the optimal channel structure for the retailer depends on the retailer's market share. However, by applying a novel coordination mechanism, all three members of a closed-loop supply chain can benefit from the introduction of an online selling channel. Furthermore, the results showed that the quality of products in the DD model is always greater than it is for products in the SD model. Moreover, it is observed from the sensitivity analysis that the recycling channel member with a predominant market share exerts greater collections effort and offers lower buyback prices than others in the collection channel.

Research on B2C E-commerce Reverse Logistics System Based on SD Model

Reverse logistics is important in the link of electronic commerce development, it orients terminal consumers of supply chain, represents electronic commerce's reputation and image, and for the enterprise to service ability proposes greater challenges, putting forward higher requirements to cooperating logistics service providers, too. return reverse logistics has a direct impact on the competitiveness of the electricity supplier. The essay is written from the view of the return reverse logistics complex system, using the system dynamics Vensim software to build the simulation model, the lynx e-commerce platform of enterprise data simulation analysis. The analysis shows that the simulation results are in good agreement with the actual data. the use of System dynamics analysis method in the B2C return reverse logistics, providing a new system analysis method to guide the business of the enterprise return reverse logistics system analysis, and according to the results of the analysis to optimize the allocation of internal resources of enterprises to adjust and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.

Simulation of the Chlorination Process Safety Management System Based on System Dynamics Approach

Abstract It is important to investigate the influence factors of chlorination system safety since the chlorination process is exposed to the risk of chlorine leakages, fires and explosions, which are easy to cause severe casualties. To consider the chlorination process as a complex and dynamic system, a simulation model about the safety of chlorination process is established based on system dynamics. Four modules related to the workers, the management, the laws (and regulations) and the equipment, as well as a mutant factor related to the corrosion degree are comprehensively integrated. Through implementations of a series of scenarios with different inputs, it is found that the proposed SD model can obtain the influence pattern of corrosion degree of equipment in line with common sense, and the work skill has a cumulative, positive impact on system safety, whereas work stress mainly affects system safety over the second half of the life cycle. On the basis of these appreciable influences on the chlorination process safety, some suggestions are also provided for safety management. It is hoped that this work could provide some references for the prevention of accidents in chlorination process and some new ideas for simulation on safety issues in chemical industry.

Transverse Magnetic Electron Scattering Form Factors for Some Odd-A Nuclei Using Shell Model and Hartree–Fock Calculations

Shell model and Hartree–Fock (HF) calculations have been adopted to study the nuclear structure for some odd-A nuclei; 17O, 27Al, 39K, and 51V. The single-particle nuclear density distributions, the associated nuclear radii, and the transverse magnetic form factors were investigated. The wave functions have been utilized from the shell model using USDA and SAS two-body effective interactions for these nuclei with the sd and d3f7 shell model spaces. On the other hand, different Skyrme parameterizations have been used within the HF method to get the single-particle potential which is used to calculate the single-particle matrix elements. The calculated form factors have been compared with available experimental data.

Cross-shell excitations inSi31

The Si31 nucleus was produced through the O18(O18, αn) fusion-evaporation reaction at Elab=24MeV. Evaporated α particles from the reaction were detected and identified in the Microball detector array for channel selection. Multiple γ-ray coincidence events were detected in Gammasphere. The energy and angle information for the α particles was used to determine the Si31 recoil kinematics on an event-by-event basis for a more accurate Doppler correction. A total of 22 new states and 52 new γ transitions were observed, including 14 from states above the neutron separation energy. The positive-parity states predicted by the shell-model calculations in the sd model space agree well with experiment. The negative-parity states were compared with shell-model calculations in the psdpf model space with some variations in the N=20 shell gap. The best agreement was found with a shell gap intermediate between that originally used for A≈20 nuclei and that previously adapted for P32,34. This variation suggests the need for a more universal cross-shell interaction.

Research on social e-commerce reputation formation and state-introduced model

PurposeThis paper aims to solve the problem of information overload and reduce search costs. It proposes a social e-commerce online reputation formation model and community state-introduced model. A system dynamics trend simulation has been run to capture the relationship among the sellers, buyers, social e-commerce platforms and external environment to obtain an online reputation.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical research relating to social e-commerce reputation has been used to confirm the influencing factors in social e-commerce, and a conceptual framework is developed for social e-commerce reputation formation. Thereafter, a trend simulation is generated to classify the relationship among the factors based on system dynamics. Also, the improved algorithm for community detection and a state-introduced model based on a Markov network are proposed to achieve better network partition for better online reputation management.FindingsThe empirical model captures the interaction effect of social e-commerce reputation and the state-introduced model to guide community public opinion and improve the efficiency of social e-commerce reputation formation. This helps minimize searching cost thereby improving social e-commerce reputation construction and management.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no appropriate online reputation system to be constructed to test the relationship proposed in the study for a field experiment. Also, deeper investigation for the nodes’ attributes in social networks should be made in future research. Besides, researchers are advised to explore measurement for the reputation of a given seller by using social media data as from Twitter or micro blogs.Originality/valueInvestigations that study online reputation in the social e-commerce are limited. The empirical research figured out the factors which can influence the formation of online reputation in social e-commerce. An SD model was proposed to explain the factors interaction and trend simulation was run. Also, a state-introduced model was proposed to highlight the effect of nodes’ attributes on communities’ detection to give a deeper investigation for the online reputation management.

Měření národní konkurenceschopnosti - komparace výsledků zemí V4, Německa a Rakouska v Porterově SD modelu a 9F modelu

The international competitiveness rankings can be seen as a way of evaluating countries’ future economic potential and opportunities for further development and growth. The discussion of one clear definition of the term “national competitiveness” can be considered a “never-ending story” without an unambiguous generally accepted result. In every composite indicator analysis, the final index is the outcome of a number of choices: the framework (usually driven by theoretical models and experts’ opinions), the indicators to be included, their normalisation, the weights assigned to each indicator, and the aggregation method. This paper is based on evaluating results of the Visegrad group countries (V4), Germany, and Austria. We take into account the sense and the methodology of Porter’s Diamond model (SD model) and the Nine-factor model (9F model). The main aim of this paper is the identification of similarities and differences between these two models and the discussion of suitability of these models for countries with different economic characteristics.

Development of computational algorithms for pump operations and their applications to the system dynamics modelling of a water supply system

ABSTRACTIn this study, computational algorithms for the simulations of the operations of pumps for water distribution storage tanks were developed. The developed algorithms include pump operating rules for different electricity price schemes and operating situations such as normal and emergency conditions. The algorithms were programmed into System Dynamics modelling modules that can be used as basic building blocks when an SD model is constructed for the simulations of complex real-world water supply systems. Based on the basic SD modelling modules, a dynamic computer simulation model was developed for the simulations of the water supply system in Young-Jong island in South Korea where multiple local water sources are to be utilised. The developed model dynamically simulated the water levels in the water distribution storage tanks and estimated the pumping costs of the system according to the normal and emergency operational scenarios. During the emergency situation it was assumed that the local water sources will not be able to supply the assigned portion of demand. STELLA system dynamics modelling software was used for the modelling.

Ten Years later: A Comparison of Results of Simulation Scenarios under a Systems Dynamic Approach and the Actual Economic Performance of Small-Scale Agro-industries Supported by Brazilian Agro-industrial Development Programs

Agro-industrialization promotion is a policy option to aggregate value to a primary product and increase revenues for small farmers. However, experience has shown the vulnerability of small-scale agro-industries (SSAI) when facing a competitive environment under the constraints of several technological, institutional and managerial bottlenecks. A system dynamics model was built to simulate the financial performance of agrifood processing enterprises promoted by Brazilian SSAI development programs after the mid 1990s. Under different optimistic, conservative and pessimistic hypotheses related to SSAI operations and their business environment, model simulations allowed the identification of conditions for long-term financial sustainability. Ten years after the modeling exercise, the results of this analysis could be confirmed through a comparative assessment of the financial performance of selected enterprises supported by two of the promotion programs. The results of the original SD model could be mostly corroborated by the comparison between simulations and the observed enterprise performance. The relatively high SSAI survival rate over the ten-year period analyzed suggests the strong potential of these programs for agribusiness development promotion.

Energy Levels Calculations of 24 Al and 25 Al Isotopes

In this article, the energy levels of Aluminum isotopes 24Al and 25Al are calculated using OXBASH shell model code. The calculations were carried out in the SD model space with the W and CW Hamiltonian [1, 2] using the code OXBASH for windows PC [3]. This code which is based on one of the most applicable nuclear models, the shell model, deals with evaluating energy levels in nuclei. Using this code to calculate the energy levels of an isotope, produces several files that contains a set of data. The ground state energy of a nucleus and also the probable energies of excitation levels can be calculated by OXBASH. Programs will be reliable only when results meet experimental procedures. A compilation of SD-shell energy levels calculated with the USD Hamiltonian was published around 1988. A comparison had been made between our results and the available experimental data to test theoretical shell model description of nuclear structure in Aluminum isotopes. The calculated energy spectrum is in good agreement with the available experimental data.

An Analysis Based on SD Model for Energy-Related CO2 Mitigation in the Chinese Household Sector

Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has become a global consensus in response to global warming and climate change, especially to China, the largest CO2 emitter in the world. Most studies have focused on CO2 emissions from the production sector, however, the household sector plays an important role in the total energy-related CO2 emissions. This study formulates an integrated model based on logarithmic mean Divisia index methodology and a system dynamics model to dynamically simulate household energy consumption and CO2 emissions under different conditions. Results show the following: (1) the integrated model performs well in calculating the contribution of influencing factors on household CO2 emissions and analyzing the options for CO2 emission mitigation; (2) the increase in income is the dominant driving force of household CO2 emissions, and as a result of the improved standard of living in China a sustained increase in household CO2 emissions can be expected; (3) with decreasing energy intensity, CO2 emissions will decrease to 404.26 Mt-CO2 in 2020, which is 9.84% lower than the emissions in 2014; (4) the reduction potential by developing non-fossil energy sources is limited, and raising the rate of urbanization cannot reduce the household CO2 emission under the comprehensive influence of other factors.