Screw Press Machine Research Articles

CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A SCREW PRESS MACHINE TO EXTRACT JATROPHA OIL

Utilization of biofuel produced from Jatropha oil represents one of the most promising options for the use of conventional fossil fuels. Biofuel via biodiesel, a promising substitute as an alternative fuel has gained significant attention due to the predicted shortness of conventional fuels and environmental concern. Experiments were carried out through two successful agricultural seasons of 2016 and 2017 at Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Zagazig University to constract and evaluate the performance of a screw press machine suitable for Jatropha seeds. The performance of the screw press was estimated under four different machine capacity and four different seed moisture contents. The performance of the screw press was evaluated taking into consideration oil yield, extraction efficiency, specific energy and operational cost. The experimental results represented that the highest value for each of oil yield and extraction efficiency was 43 kg.hr.-1 and 81%, respectively and also the values of specific energy and operational cost were 258 kW.hr.Mg-1 and 1229 LE.Mg-1, respectively at moisture contents of 12% and machine capacity of 166 kg.hr.-1

Enhancing the yield and quality of Kemiri Sunan crude oil by preliminary extraction of feedstock

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel produced by chemical reaction between vegetable oil or animal fat with alcohol and catalyst. The preliminary treatment in extraction of biodiesel feedstock is an important process to obtain maximum yield of crude oil. This study aims to find optimal preliminary treatment on extraction of Kemiri Sunan seed in order to produce crude oil with maximum yield and quality. The research investigated the effects of screw press machine rotation and duration of steaming process. Three levels of duration of steaming used were 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Observations of crude oil yield, moisture content, free fatty acid content, kinematic viscosity, density and color were done. The result suggested that the rotation of screw press machine affected the crude oil yield. The duration of steaming process affected the oil yield, free fatty acid content, kinematic viscosity, density and color. The best oil yield result of 70.3% was obtained from the combination of heating duration of 60’ and screw rotation of 25 RPM.

ANALISA REALIBILITY DAN MAINTAINABILITY PADA MESIN SCREW PRESS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DISTRIBUSI NORMAL DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT

The cessation of the processing process at the palm oil mill will cause losses to the company, which can result in low productivity of the plant. Damage to equipment at the palm oil mill requires more costs to repair the damage. For this reason, good maintenance is needed for each equipment used in the processing process using the normal distribution method. In this study the tool used was Screw Press. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of Realibility and Maintainabiity by using a normal distribution and to determine the cause of damage to the Screw Press machine. This research stage was carried out by taking data on damage and repair of Screw Press in April-June 2017 and processing data using normal distribution. The data needed in normal distribution is the value of Realibility, Maintainability, and standard devisia. By doing this data processing, the Screw Press machine can operate well with reliability value in April-June 2017 on screw press 1 machines at 98%, 98%, 99% and maintainability value of 21.78 hours, 18.8 hours, 19 , 18 hours. Whereas in screw press machine 2 in April - June 2017 the reliability value is 99%, 98%, 95% and the Maintainability value is 19.9 hours, 18.68 hours and 18 hours. 

ANALISA REALIBILITY DAN MAINTAINABILITY PADA MESIN SCREW PRESS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DISTRIBUSI NORMAL DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT

The cessation of the processing process at the palm oil mill will cause losses to the company, which can result inlow productivity of the plant. Damage to equipment at the palm oil mill requires more costs to repair the damage.For this reason, good maintenance is needed for each equipment used in the processing process using the normaldistribution method. In this study the tool used was Screw Press. The purpose of this study was to determine thevalue of Realibility and Maintainabiity by using a normal distribution and to determine the cause of damage to theScrew Press machine. This research stage was carried out by taking data on damage and repair of Screw Press inApril-June 2017 and processing data using normal distribution. The data needed in normal distribution is the valueof Realibility, Maintainability, and standard devisia. By doing this data processing, the Screw Press machine canoperate well with reliability value in April-June 2017 on screw press 1 machines at 98%, 98%, 99% andmaintainability value of 21.78 hours, 18.8 hours, 19 , 18 hours. Whereas in screw press machine 2 in April - June2017 the reliability value is 99%, 98%, 95% and the Maintainability value is 19.9 hours, 18.68 hours and 18 hours.

Propose Improvement Maintenance Activities Of Screw Press To Reduce Waste Using Lean Maintenance Concept

Maintenance is an important factor to achieve the goal of becoming the best manufacturing company. To achieve the company that has the best performance, the treatment strategy should be linked to strategies such as the concept of lean manufacturing. Lean maintenance is a process to achieve continuous improvement. This system focuses on adding value and reducing waste in the care process so that maintenance lead time can be reduced, as well as identifying the waste that occurs in the activity of a treatment using Value Stream Maintenance mapping (VSMM), identify the factors that cause waste most dominant use of Root Cause Analysis (RCA ), identifies the critical part of the screw press machine using Reliability Centered Spares (RCS) and provide recommendations for improvements screw press machine maintenance activity. Problems often occur is the waste to the type of waiting where the facts occurred in the field is a process of waiting for components, equipment and transport documentation wait staff, thereby extending the time to repair any damage. This study aims to reduce waste waiting in the screw press machine maintenance activity. The most high maintenance time is the first press of 10 132 minutes. The dominant type of waste is waste waiting that contribute to waste by 35%. a critical component of body cage, cage feed, feed worms, and main shafts. Improvement maintenance systems that do reduce the lead time on the first maintenance ress be 5,100 minutes.

Optimization preventive maintenance of equipment production on palm oil mill

Maintenance is an important issue that must be considered, especially in the agroindustry company. This paper is to identify and prioritize the most critical component in the production of palm oil using FMEA, and schedule maintenance with optimal total cost of maintenance. RPN obtained score from the highest to the lowest to be scheduled maintenance that is a component of the worm screw press machine, V-belt thresher drum equipment, V-belt separator clarification equipment, steel cable sling tracklier equipment, door seals equipment sterilizer, wheel lorry with ad on lorry equipment, V-belt boiler, screw pn clarification separator equipment, friction pad clarification separator equipment and V-belt equipment at the seed stasion. Optimization of the total cost of maintenance is the reliability level of 90% at a cost Rp. 131.443.940,2/year. Scheduling maintenance can save as much as 47,4% compared to no maintenance scheduling.

ANALISIS KEANDALAN (RELIABILITY) PADA MESIN SCREW PRESS (STUDI KASUS : PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA XIII)

The machine is one of the main factors of production whose role is very important in order to produce a product that conforms to the specifications set by a machine, with the amount and capacity of the machine's production. Reliability is the design of a component so that components can work according to function, without any failure, in accordance with the process already set. Screw press is a fitting machine used to squeeze moss brondolan ripe with press system and used to separate crude oil from crushed flesh (mesocarp) by squeezing. Research done on Screw Press machine that its role is quite high in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII. The method used is Reliability with MTTR Method. From the calculation results obtained reliability value Screw Press engine in 2015 has the highest reliability value of 1.6408 at the time of calculation of 383.75 hours and in 2016 has a reliability value of 0.7239 at the time of calculation 415.83 hours. Screw Press engine reliability value in 2016 is higher than 2015, it is proven that the life of Screw Press engine in 2016 is more dominant than in 2015. The higher the reliability value the better the machine used in the operation process. Keywords : Reliability, Weibull, MTTR, Machine Screw Prees

OPTIMISASI KINERJA MESIN PENGOLAHAN TANDAN BUAH SEGAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE RCCP (STUDI KASUS PT. KARYA TANAH SUBUR)

Successful planning and production controls require active capacity planning, in order to be able to meet the established master production schedules. Lack of capacity will lead to production failures, delays in delivery to customers, and loss of confidence in the formal system resulting in a decreased corporate reputation. Overcapacity will result in low resource utilities, increased costs, product prices become competitive, decreased profits. Standard time is a measure of completion of a production process for one unit of product with justified clearance. The standard time required to process 40 Ton bunches of palm fruit sterilizer is 94.70 minute/unit, for thresher machine 73,31 minutes/unit, for screw press machine 96,48 Minutes / unit, and oil purification machine 147,13 minute/unit. Efficiency is the ability of the machine to produce a product. The efficiency of sterilizer machine is 88.00%, for thresher machine is 88.00%, for screw press machine is 88.80%, and oil purification machine is 74.00%. Machine utility is the percentage of machine usage in units of time. The sterilizer machine utility is 81,33%, for thresher machine is 87,35%, for screw press machine is 86,88%, and oil purification machine is 83,18%. Capacity is the rate of output per unit time indicating that the facility theoretically has the ability to produce it. The sterilizer machine capacity is 81.33 ton/hour, for thresher bumper machine is 45,08 ton/hour, for screw press machine is 119,09 ton/hour, and oil purification machine is 79,49 ton/hour. The average production capacity of machine taken for two years is 27.61 ton/hour with machine capacity optimization level of 51,88 ton/hour.Keywords : Production Planning and Control, Standard Time, Capacity (RCCP).

Study on Some Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Agro Residual Briquettes Produced from Date Palm Fronds

The agricultural crop residuals are considered one of the most important problems, which face the environmental life and farmers in the world. A study was carried out to evaluate the physical characteristics of chopped date palm stalks (fronds and leaflets). These properties are necessary to apply normal design procedures such as pneumatic conveying, fluidization, drying, and combustion. The mechanical treatment by cutting, crushing or chopping and briquetting processes are the primary step and the suitable solution for solving this problem and recycling these residuals to be transformed into useful products. So the aim of the present work to get a high quality for agriculture residues such as date palm stalks (Fronds), date palm leaflets briquettes. The results obtained from measuring the mechanical properties (average shear and compressive strength) for date palm stalks at different moisture content (12.63, 33.21 and 60.54%) was (6.4, 4.7 and 3.21MPa) and (3.8, 3.18 and 2.86MPa) respectively. The modulus of elasticity and toughness were evaluated as a function of moisture content. As the moisture content of the stalk regions increased the modulus of elasticity and toughness decreased indicating a reduction in the brittleness of the stalk regions. Chopped date palm stalks (Palm fronds), date palm leaflets having moisture content (8, 10 and 12%) and (8, 10 and 12.8% w.b.) were dandified into briquettes without binder and with binder (Urea-Formaldehyde) using a screw press machine. Quality properties for briquettes were durability, compression ratio hardness, bulk density, compression ratio, resiliency, water resistance and gases emission. The optimum quality properties found for briquettes at 8% moisture content and without binder. Where the highest compression stress and durability were 8.95, 10.39 MPa and 97.06%, 93.64% for date palm stalks (Palm fronds), date palm leaflets briquettes, respectively. The CO and CO₂ emissions for date palm stalks (Fronds), date palm leaflets briquettes were less than these for loose residuals.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION OF COLD PRESSED PUMPKIN SEED (Cucurbita pepo L.) OILS FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY

In this study, physicochemical characteristics, pesticide residues and aflatoxin contaminations of cold pressed pumpkin seed ( Cucurbita pepo L. ) oils cultivated in four different central Anatolia regions of Turkey, were investigated. Lab-scale screw press machine was used to produce cold pressed pumpkin seed oils and the oil contents were found between 42.8%−47.4% for naked seeds. The physicochemical characteristic ( refractive index, viscosity, color value, triglyceride profile analysis, peroxide value, iodine value, free fatty acid, saponification number, unsaponified matter, specific extinction values at 232 and 270 nm ) of cold pressed oils were determined by using different analytical techniques. The results showed that there was a non-significant difference between cold pressed pumpkin seed oils from different regions, in terms of physicochemical characteristics. The contents of pesticide residue and aflatoxin B 1 , B 2 , G 1 and G 2 contamination were determined by using validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. The chlorpyrifos pesticide residue was detected under the limit value declared by official authorities for the quality assessment of edible oils. Aflatoxins weren’t detected in any of studied pumpkin seed oils. Therefore, in food industry the positive effect of screw-pressing application could be useful for preservation of bioactive compounds during edible oil production and also enhancing of their functional properties.

Application of diethanolamide surfactant derived from palm oil to improve the performance of biopesticide from neem oil

The purpose of this research was to improve the performance of organic pesticide derived from neem plant using diethanolamide surfactant (DEA) derived from palm oil in controlling armyworms. The pesticide was made of neem oil. Neem oil is a neem plant product containing several active components, i.e. azadirachtin, salanin, nimbin, and meliantriol which act as a pesticide. DEA surfactant acts as a wetting, dispersing and spreading agent in neem oil pesticide. The neem oil was obtained by pressing neem seeds using a screw press machine and a hydraulic press machine. DEA surfactant was synthesized from methyl esters of palm oil olein. Pesticide formulation was conducted by stirring the ingredients by using a homogenizer at 5,000 rpm for 30 minutes. Surfactant was added to the formulation by up to 5%. Glycerol, as an emulsifier, was added in to pesticide formulations of neem oil. The efficacy of the pesticides in controlling armyworms fed soybean leaves in laboratory was measured at six concentrations, i.e. 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, and 25 ml/L. Results showed that the neem oil used in this study had a density of 0.91 g/cm3, viscosity of 58.94 cPoise, refractive index of 1.4695, surface tension of 40.69 dyne/cm, azadirachtin content of 343.82–1.604 ppm. Meanwhile, the azadirachtin content of neem seed cake was 242.20 ppm. It was also found that palmitic (31.4%) and oleic (22.5%) acids were the main fatty acids contained in neem oil. As the additive material used in neem oil in this study, diethanolamide surfactant had a pH of 10.6, density of 0.9930 g/cm3, viscosity of 708.20 cP, and surface tension of 25.37 dyne/cm. Results of CMC, contact angle, and droplet size analyzes showed that diethanolamide surfactant could be added into insecticide formulation by 5%. Results of LC tests showed that on Spodoptera litura the LC50 and LC95 values were 13 and 22 ml/L, respectively. Neem oil was found to inhibit the development of Spodoptera litura and its larval molting process.

PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF XANTHONE-LOADED MAKING (HODGSONIA HETEROCLITA) MICROEMULSIONS

Objective: The aim of this study was to incorporate xanthone into Making (Hodgsonia heteroclita) microemulsions and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the formulations.Methods: Making oil was obtained from the seed of Hodgsonia heteroclite by a screw press machine. The solubility of xanthone in various oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants was investigated. Stable Making microemulsion and microemulsion-based gel were simultaneously loaded with xanthone. Finally, an in vitro xanthone release study was carried out and antioxidant activity was determined.Results: The optimal formulations of the Making microemulsion consisted of Making oil, capryol 90, tween 80, propylene glycol, and water. The average droplet size of xanthone-loaded Making microemulsion was around 110–130 nm. It was found that the stability of the xanthone-loaded Making microemulsion-based gel was higher than the xanthone-loaded Making microemulsion. Besides, the release of xanthone from the Making microemulsion-based gel was lower than that of the Making microemulsion. Moreover, it was found that the antioxidant activity of both xanthone-loaded Making microemulsion (TEAC and EC values of 9.8 mmol/mg and 14.8 mmol/mg, respectively) and microemulsion-based gel (TEAC and EC values of 9.4 mmol/mg and 18.5 mmol/mg, respectively) remained high even after extended storage conditions.Conclusion: It was concluded that Making oil is an attractive material to deliver xanthone in pharmaceutical applications.

Effects of gaseous nitriding AISI4140 alloy steel on corrosion and hardness properties

Corrosion is one of the major problems in the industry especially on machinery since it weakens the structure of the machinery part and causes the mechanical failure. This will stop the production and increase the maintenance cost. In this study, the corrosion behaviour of gas nitriding on a screw press machine shaft made from AISI 4140 steel was investigated. Pitting corrosion was identified as a major cause of the shaft failure and this study was conducted to improve the corrosion resistance on the AISI 4140 alloy steel shaft by gas nitriding as a surface hardening treatment. Gas nitriding was performed with composition of 15% ammonia and 85% nitrogen at temperatures of 525 °C, 550 °C and 575 °C and with the soaking time of 30, 45 and 60 minutes, respectively. The samples were prepared as rectangular sized of 30mm x 12mm x 3mm for immersion testing. The results showed that corrosion rate of untreated samples was 77% higher compared to the nitrided samples. It was also found that hardness of the nitrided samples was higher than untreated sample. All in all, it can be concluded that gaseous nitriding can significantly improve the surface hardness and the corrosion resistance of the shaft made of AISI 4140 alloy steel, hence reduces the pitting that is the root cause of failure.

PENJADWALAN MESIN SCREW PRESS STASIUN KEMPA PADA PRODUKSI CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) DAN KERNEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE INDIKATOR

Complex problems often encountered in the company, especially the production. The company should be able to increase production capability by increasing the utility of existing resources and accuracy in the completion of production to match the deadlines set by scheduling planned well. As a company produces CPO and kernel continuously so the scheduling screw press machine should be well planned so that production can be completed on time, damage to the engine and overtime can be avoided. This study aims to analyze the utilization schedule and screw press machine at the station felt that optimal production can be achieved and determine the cause of the delay production time resulting in overtime. The method used is the method of indicators that can be applied to the machine which is parallel with different capacities. This method minimizes the turnaround time by prioritizing machine with a large capacity while maintaining the efficiency of the engine and the completion time has been determined. Proposed scheduling using indicators generate optimal schedule, 13840 hours of work available only used 12373.5 hours with five machine screw press, the clock difference is 1408.5 hours of work hours are unemployed and 58 hours of treatment machine screw press, and produce five utilities screw press machine on average up to 89.40% and utilities average every month five screw press machine is 89.46%. The delay time of CPO production process and the kernel has been caused by damage to machine screw press which occur during the production process takes place so that if the production capacity is reduced and overtime hours cannot be avoided. Screw press machine maintenance can be done by the engine maintenance schedule time without having to wait for the machine was broken beforehand and this can reduce the cost of production. Keywords : Indicator Method, Scheduling Engine

Portable Biomass Gasifier Power Generation Using Non Edible Seed Cake

Non edible seeds are used most of the applications but the dehydration of seed cakes is too difficult. And the same time the seeds could not feed food as animal. Hence, to adopt various techniques it can be used for other applications. 1 ton crude oil yield from 3 tons of seeds and the remaining becomes seed cake. After oil extraction using screw press machine, seed cake still has 10 % to 15 % of oil. Hence this is a good combustible material with calorific value of approximately 600 Kcal/m3 and the electrical output voltage 180 – 200 at the range of 3.00 -3.5 amps. This paper deals with the power generation from Jatropha seed cake using gasification technology.

An industry survey of the screw press system in palm oil mills: Operational data and malfunction issues

Research questionnaires were disseminated to active palm oil mills across Malaysia to acquire information on (i) the mill operation, and (ii) any malfunction issues concerning the screw press system. A total of 105 mills responded to the survey (response rate=25%). The relationship between the mill operational data (processing capacity, daily operation cycle), the screw press system (type, quantity), and the malfunction frequency was examined. The double screw press machine dominated the palm oil milling industries due to its larger capacity that entails a shorter processing time in comparison with the single screw press. Recurring malfunction problems were prevalent in both types of screw press system. While fatigue, corrosion, wear and tear are inevitable due to the heavy usage and natural causes, an irregular maintenance schedule and poor handling topped the list of common cause for malfunction of the screw press.

Simple Techniques to Increase the Production Yield and Enhance the Quality of Organic Rice Bran Oils

This study develops simple techniques for increasing production yield and refining of crude RBO (CRBO). It was found that pre-heating of rice bran by hot air oven to reach 60°C before being extracted by screw press machine increased the yield from 4.8 to 8.3%w/w. This paper suggested three simple steps for refining of organic CRBO: (1) filtering using filter papers (2) sedimentation by adding 4%w/v fuller's earth and (3) bleaching by running through a packed column of activated carbon. These steps significantly enhanced the qualities of RBO when compared to CRBO before treatment. It was found that the lightness of oil as indicated by color value (L*) increased from 22.8 to 28.7, gum and wax decreased from 3.6 to 1.3%w/w. However, the simple refining method had no effect on peroxide value and free fatty acid content. Moreover, it slightly induced the loss of oryzanol content from 2.8 to 2.2%w/w.

Data Analysis and Application Research of Microhardness and Wear Resistance of Surface Detonation Spraying Coat

To improve the using life of screw, the paper focused on the research about microhardness and wear resistance of surface detonation spraying coat. The detonation spraying surface was important to extend the wear resistance of screw of low temperature screw press machine. The paper analyzed the phase composition and microstructure data of surface detonation spraying coat and tested the microhardness of coat and combination intensity between coat and substrate, and did contrasting wear resistance experiment between detonation spraying coat and traditional coat. The data analysis results showed that the wear resistance of detonation spraying coat was far beyond traditional coat and the detonation spraying coat would improve the using life of key screw of low temperature screw press machine.

Pitting corrosion of triggering initial fractures of palm oil screw press machine shafts

Investigation was carried out following the frequent occurrences of shaft failures in a number of palm oil screw press machines in a Malaysia palm oil mill company. Visual inspection, chemical analysis on the shaft material, fatigue analyses by utilizing traditional method and microscopic examinations were performed to support the investigation. Overview on pitting corrosion problems is presented. Common locations of the failure are at around bottom edges of keyway and shoulder fillets of the shafts. The findings indicate that pitting corrosion is identified as the main root causes of the premature shaft failures. In turn, poor surface condition would significantly reduce the fatigue endurance limit of the shafts under torsional loading.