Awareness Of Screening Research Articles

Abstract A048: Community-based knowledge-to-action: Early detection of prostate cancer in Black men, shared decision-making tools, and clinical toolkits — a scoping literature review

Abstract Black men have a 70-80% higher incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) and 120% higher rate of death from prostate cancer compared with men of other races and ethnicities in the US. This disparity in prostate cancer-related death represents the largest racial inequity of any cancer in the US. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Black men in Washington State assessing their knowledge, attitudes, and experiences around early detection of PCa. Findings revealed equity-related barriers Black men encounter in accessing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests, including: lack of information on the benefits and harms of PCa screening for patients and primary care providers (PCPs), perceived lack of understanding by PCPs of racial inequities in PCa outcomes, and lack of trusted relationships with PCPs to support PCa screening discussion and shared-decision making (SDM). A scoping review of scientific literature was conducted to identify existing studies reporting use, evaluation, or design of evidence-based or community-based toolkits used to increase SDM for PSA testing in Black men. The tools have the potential to be implemented in future clinical protocols or practice for encouraging PSA testing in Black men. Our search included papers indexed in PubMed, Embase, or CINAHL that evaluated the effectiveness or efficacy of SDM tools for PSA testing interventions and programs involving Black men from 2011-2022. Of 1,112 papers identified, our inclusion/exclusion criteria for the search yielded 8 studies, 4 of which were evidence-based interventions or evaluations that resulted in knowledge increase or awareness of PCa screening, and 4 of which were in community-based approaches or some form of community-engaged method. Cross-study comparisons were possible, as some focused on pre- and post-tests with emphasis on an increase in knowledge prevalence or the proportion of men who used the decision-making tools. The currently-available tools increased awareness of screening but did not increase the application or intent to engage in PSA testing or dialogue with providers. Our scoping review demonstrates a gap in knowledge and a need to create an evidence-based, community-based, patient-centered SDM intervention that will increase awareness, education, and support for PCa early detection among Black men through accessible, culturally relevant, and accurate clinical SDM that can be used in future practice or clinical trials. We have acquired funding through a cancer center support grant for further work in creating a community-engaged tool that will utilize a Community-Based Knowledge-to-Action approach in developing a collaborative, SDM toolkit for Black men and their providers to use that will give accurate, relevant information about PCa risk, PSA testing, and increased likelihood to engage in PSA testing for Black men. Citation Format: Dante Morehead, Jenney Lee, Ben Young, Victor Tolbert, John Masembe, Sung Min Kim, Katherine Briant, Erika Wolff, John Gore, Yaw Nyame. Community-based knowledge-to-action: Early detection of prostate cancer in Black men, shared decision-making tools, and clinical toolkits — a scoping literature review [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A048.

Abstract C117: Implementing on overdue colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in the Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) primary care setting: 12-month post intervention results

Abstract PURPOSE: We partnered with the largest FQHC in New Haven, CT to address overdue colorectal cancer screening with evidence-based interventions (EBI). We report on the 12-month follow up of a cohort of 3,127 patients overdue for CRC screening who received 1 or more evidence based interventions (EBIs) in October, 2021. BACKGROUND: Sociocultural and medical concerns are barriers to colonoscopy uptake contributing to disparities in CRC screening. An additional barrier is system level capacity. COVID-19 associated delays exacerbated the existing backlog of individuals overdue for CRC screening, underscoring the need to expand Fecal Immunochemical Testing (FIT) screening capacity. At the time of the study, colonoscopy was the front-line cancer screening strategy in this and other primary care settings in this region. METHODS: We tested the unique and additive value of multiple EBIs for increasing CRC screening in this low-income urban population. The EBIs included: medical reminder to all recipients (Arms 1-4), supplemented with information to address social determinants of health [SDOH]) barriers (Arm 2), offer of assistance from trained community health workers (CHW) to address SDOH barriers (Arm 3), and offer of educational intervention (video and pre- and post- survey) (Arm 4). Twelve-month outcomes include: 1) CRC screening test ordered; 2) CRC screening completed. RESULTS: Of the 3,127 randomized patients, ages 50-75, 77% were Hispanic (33%) or Black (44%). At 12 months post-intervention, 1,692 (54.1%) of the cohort received an order for CRC screening, and 541 (17.3%) of the cohort completed screening. With no path to CRC screening other than a provider order, among patients for whom CRC screening was ordered, nearly one-third (32%) completed screening within 12 months of the intervention. There were no differences in either outcome based on intervention Arm. DISCUSSION: Among the 3,127 individuals who were due or overdue for screening at the time of intervention, only 9 had documented CRC cancer screening in the 5 years before randomization. The promotion of stool-based testing may have brought individuals into CRC screening. There were no differences in CRC screening (colonoscopy or FIT) orders or completed tests across the 4 arms of the study, suggesting that the provider endorsed mailed screening reminder with information on in-home, stool-based testing option (FIT), and notice that CRC screening is now recommended beginning at age 45 was key to behavior change. Provider engagement and post-pandemic care-seeking on part of patients, as well as increased awareness of CRC screening following the death of high-profile actor at age 43 likely contributed to increased uptake of CRC screening. SUMMARY: A mailed reminder is a cost effective, scalable intervention that may be effective in safety net primary care settings that serve high-risk individuals. Closing the screening gap in CRC screening should include educating patients about their CRC screening options as well as the change in recommended age to begin CRC screening. Citation Format: Beth A. Jones, Sakinah C. Suttiratana, Sarah A. DeGiovanni, Levita Robinson, Michael Couturie, Steven J. Parra, Louie M. Gangcuangco, Laney Zhang, Denise Stevens, Margarita Vargas-Torres. Implementing on overdue colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in the Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) primary care setting: 12-month post intervention results [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C117.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge and Awareness of Lung Cancer and Screening in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia [Letter

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge and Awareness of Lung Cancer and Screening in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia [Letter

Abstract C104: Addressing health disparities: Enhancing knowledge and screening practices for liver disease risk factors among African Americans

Abstract Background: Liver cancer poses a significant health burden globally, with racial and ethnic disparities in its incidence. Among these disparities, the Black population in the United States faces a heightened risk of liver cancer due to the higher prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a culturally tailored educational intervention designed to enhance awareness of liver cancer prevention and screening among at-risk populations. Methods: Descriptive statistics were used to characterize participant demographics and clinical factors. Paired t-tests assessed the difference in knowledge scores before and after the intervention. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation determined the association between physicians' recommendations for testing and patients receiving blood tests. Results: The study included 137 African American participants. Prior to the intervention, the majority were aware that casual contact does not transmit HBV or HCV (79.6%) and that sharing needles for tattoos or drug injection can transmit the viruses (77.4%). The mean knowledge score increased significantly from 6.61 pre-intervention to 8.44 post-intervention (p-value<0.001). Poisson regression analysis showed that African American adults were less likely to receive physician recommendations for blood tests for HBV (RR=0.95, 95%CI:0.87,1.04) and HCV (RR=0.91, 95%CI:0.83,1.00) compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions: The culturally tailored educational intervention effectively improved knowledge of HBV and HCV among African American participants, indicating the importance of culturally sensitive programs in reducing liver cancer disparities. Efforts to increase awareness of liver disease and promote testing within the healthcare system are crucial for reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with HBV and HCV infections among African Americans. Character count (with spaces): 1,963 Acknowledgment: This study was supported by TUFCCC/HC Regional Comprehensive Cancer Health Disparity Partnership, Award Number U54 CA221704(5) from the National Cancer Institute of National Institutes of Health (NCI/NIH) and by NIGMS/NIH award # 1SC3GM131949[GXM1] . The author team would like to thank Community Advisory Board members, leaders, and staff members for collaborating with community/faith-based organization partners. We also acknowledge the research team staff of Planning Evaluation Core under TUFCCC/HC Regional Comprehensive Cancer Health Disparity Partnership for their support and contribution for their support and contributions to Community Outreach Core's data management. Its contents are solely the authors' responsibility and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCI/NIH or the NIGMS/NIH. Citation Format: Jade A. Truehart, Thoin F. Begum, Keshanti Bruce, Lin Zhu, Ming-Chin Yeh, Evelyn Gonzalez, Marilyn A. Fraser, Ada Wong, Steven Zhu, Nathaly Rubio-Torio, Grace X. Ma, Yin Tan. Addressing health disparities: Enhancing knowledge and screening practices for liver disease risk factors among African Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C104.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge and Awareness of Lung Cancer and Screening in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge and Awareness of Lung Cancer and Screening in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia

Navigating through the Controversies and Emerging Paradigms in Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Bridging the Gap from Classic RCTs to Modern Population-Based Pilot Programs.

Over the last three decades, the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) and the US-based Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening have steered the conversation around the early detection of prostate cancer. These two randomized trials assessed the effect of screening on prostate cancer disease-specific mortality. Elevated PSA levels were followed by a systematic sextant prostate biopsy. Standard repeat testing intervals were applied. After controversies from 2009 to 2016 due to contradicting results of the two trials, the results aligned in 2016 and showed that early PSA detection reduces prostate cancer-specific mortality. However, overdiagnosis rates of up to 50% were reported, and this sparked an intense debate on harms and benefits for almost 20 years. The balance between harms and benefits is highly debated and has initiated further research to investigate new ways of early detection. In the meantime, the knowledge and tools for the diagnostic algorithm improved. This is a continuously ongoing effort which focuses on individual risk-based screening algorithms that preserve the benefits of the purely PSA-based screening algorithms, while reducing the side effects. An important push towards investigating new techniques for early detection came from the European Commission on the 20th of September 2022. The European Commission published its updated recommendation to investigate prostate, lung, and gastric cancer early detection programs. This opened a new window of opportunity to move away from the trial setting to population-based early detection settings. With this review, we aim to review 30 years of historical evidence of prostate cancer screening, which led to the initiation of the 'The Prostate Cancer Awareness and Initiative for Screening in the European Union' (PRAISE-U) project, which aims to encourage the early detection and diagnosis of PCa through customized and risk-based screening programs.

Knowledge and Awareness of Hepatitis B Infection Among Young Adults in Ekiti, Nigeria: Implications for Education and Vaccination.

Aim Hepatitis B is a preventable infection with transmission of the virus through sex, by blood and from mother to child during childbirth. Youngadults are prone to some of these risk factors, yet data on awareness and knowledge of hepatitis B among them is still limited in Nigeria and none from our locality. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B among young adults attending a tertiary health institution in Nigeria with the aim of givingrecommendations based on the findings. Methods A total of 223 young adults who attended the adolescent and young adult clinic of the Family Medicine Department of the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti between 1March and 31May2023 were analyzed using a predesigned self-administered questionnaire. Knowledge of hepatitis B was assessed by asking 12 questions relating to awareness of the disease, basic knowledge, route of transmission, the seriousness of the disease when compared to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), complications from the disease, their vaccination status and the number of doses received by the participants. Results The prevalence of awareness of hepatitis B among respondents was 88 (39.5%). Of the223 respondents studied, 158 (70.9%) had a poor knowledge scoreof the disease. There was a significant association between the highest educational background of the respondents and awareness of hepatitis B (p=0.05). Awareness of hepatitis B was also associated withprevious participation in any health screening (p=0.04) and vaccine awareness (p=<0.001). The majority of the respondents with good knowledge scores of hepatitis B preferred social media for disseminating information about their health (p=0.03). Out of all the participants studied, only one(0.4%) had completed the three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine with 11 (4.9%) of them yet to get fully vaccinated. Conclusion Efforts are needed to target social media platforms with information about hepatitis B and vaccination. With awareness campaigns of hepatitis B directed at various social media platforms, this population at risk couldbe educated about the disease and the benefits of vaccination. The low vaccination state among the respondents brought to the fore the urgent need for the government to ensure the provision of appropriate interventions for viral hepatitis among young adults.

Kesadaran Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara di Komunitas

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers that affects society, especially women. Cancer can grow in the lobes or glands that produce milk or in the ducts that carry milk from the lobes to the nipple. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of mortality in women. The aim is to describe awareness of early detection or screening of breast cancer in the community. Quantitative research method using observational analytics on secondary data on breast cancer screening at the Sukoharjo Health Center 01 Wonosobo from June to December 2022. The target achievement results carried out by the examination were still low at 24 (27.27%) people out of a total of 3% PKP of 88 people, which was determined by the Wonosobo District Health Service. Examination results showed that 20.83% of women had lumps in their breasts. The conclusion is that public awareness to carry out SADANIS examinations is still low. Future research can innovate to increase public awareness in early detection of breast cancer.

Screening and donor awareness of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Globally, blood donations carry the risk of transmitting infectious diseases if not properly screened, necessitating rigorous protocols to detect transfusion-transmitted infections such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV. Our study focused on assessing the frequencies of HBV, HCV, and HIV, as well as donor awareness of these infections in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This observational study, which was conducted over two months at Nowshera Medical College, involved 100 volunteer blood donors and used a close-ended questionnaire to gather data on both diagnostic results and awareness. The results indicated that HBV was present in 4% of the donors, HCV was present in 2%, and no HIV was detected. Awareness levels varied, with 52% of donors aware of HBV transmission through blood transfusions, 54% recognizing the lack of a vaccine for HCV, and 74% having a greater awareness of HIV affecting the immune system. This study highlights significant gaps in donor knowledge, especially regarding transmission and prevention. These findings underscore the need for enhanced screening and donor education to reduce the risk of infections from blood transfusions. Improved public health strategies and policies are necessary to ensure the safety of the blood supply, ultimately improving health outcomes in the region. This study advocates for targeted interventions that can significantly mitigate transfusion-related risks and foster a safer blood donation environment.

Optimizing the Patient Experience in Breast Imaging Facilities: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review.

Breast imaging studies are complex examinations for patients and providers. Breast imaging providers and organizations invest significant resources in educating patients and referring physicians to address variability in changing breast cancer screening recommendations, cultural biases, and socioeconomic barriers for patients. The breast imaging examination frequently involves multiple imaging modalities, including interventional procedures, thus requiring multiple room types. Practices need to consider the variables that affect workflow efficiency throughout the process of examination scheduling, performance, interpretation, and results delivery, as well as options in facilities design for creating inviting yet functional environments for patients. Breast imaging appointments provide an opportunity to capture individual breast cancer risk and to engage patients in health education and breast screening awareness. This AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review discusses ways in which breast imaging facilities can optimize a patient's experience throughout the complex process of a breast imaging examination, based on the authors' observations and opinions informed by private and academic breast imaging experience.

1 Older Adults as Informed Consumers: Guidance in Discussing the Utility of Dietary Supplements for Cognitive Function

Objective:Nationally and internationally, life expectancies continue to increase, and so are age-related cognitive impairment (Stough et al., 2015). As a result, the rise of consumer dietary supplement products has increased significantly in the last 20 years as older adults are inundated with media related to improving cognitive function. However, research on these nootropics and natural supplements reveals mixed efficacy (Brownie, 2009; Stough et al., 2015). Serendipitously, the COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the necessity for increased healthy equity and screening internationally across health service disciplines (Jensen et al., 2021; Wells &amp; Dumbrell, 2006). This poster encompasses two primary aims: (1) to highlight common international dietary supplements marketed to an older adult population. Next, (2) develop best evidenced-based practices to approach effective use of nutritional information while maintaining a neuropsychologist’s scope of care.Participants and Methods:A literature review was conducted of peer review articles from 2006 to 2022 from the following databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Recommendations were constructed based on identifying and analyzing the emerging themes across identified articles. Keywords include neuropsychology, nootropics, natural supplement use, aging, Vitamin E, Vitamin D, Phosphatidylserine, feedback, cognition, older adults, and international.Results:Although supplement use and regulations may differ by country, current research suggests increased supplement use and inquiries to neuropsychologists (Armstrong &amp; Postal, 2013; Aysin et al., 2021). Literature highlighting the benefit of taking a natural dietary supplement for older adults across the spectrum of cognitive decline has been variable (Brownie, 2009; Haider et al., 2020). Commonly explored vitamins such as Vitamin E, Vitamin D, Vitamin B 12, and Phosphatidylserine have proven to be beneficial in improvements in cognitive domains such as attention and memory for those experiencing mild cognitive impairment (Kang et al., 2022; La Fata et al., 2014; Richter et al., 2013; Van Der Shaft et al., 2013). Therefore, one alternative for defining the utility of supplement usage may be from preventive lens for those with mild or emerging cognitive concerns (Health Quality Ontario., 2013; Joshi &amp; Practice-, 2012). Alternatively, older populations are at risk for malnutrition, which can negatively impact cognition (Well &amp; Dumbrell, 2006).Conclusions:While recognizing their clinical scope, informed neuropsychologists must be up to date on emerging literature on the efficacy of these supplements. Neuropsychologists should consider following these general guidelines when discussing recommendations for older adult clients with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. For example, neuropsychologists should approach alternative treatments as an exploration of the possible risks, costs, and benefits with evidence-based research while balancing the client’s need for hope (Armstrong &amp; Postal, 2013). Neuropsychologists should also have increased awareness of malnutrition screening amongst this population (Gestuvo &amp; Hung, 2012; Wells &amp; Dumbrell, 2006). Other practices should include ongoing consultation and referral to a nutritionist or following up with their primary care physicians to assist further. With these guidelines, Neuropsychologists can be better equipped to provide ethical recommendations to facilitate clients to become informed consumers.

Factors affecting the delivery of community-based salon interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease and breast cancer among ethnically diverse women in South London: a concept-mapping approach

BackgroundIn the UK, women from ethnically diverse and socioeconomically deprived communities are at increased risk of underdiagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and breast cancer. Promoting CVD prevention and awareness of breast cancer screening via community salons and primary health care partnerships can improve uptake of screening services and early detection. MethodsConcept mapping is a multistage mixed methods participatory approach comprised of six stages: preparation, brainstorming, structuring of statements, representing statements, interpretation and utilisation of maps using Group wisdom software. A target of 20 salons, excluding male-only salons were approached. Salons included Salons included hairdressing or hairdressing and beauty salons. Purposeful and convenience sampling (online and face to face) among UK salons (hair and beauty) was conducted. Participants were given a focus prompt “What would be some factors that can influence the ability of salons to deliver this service?” and required to generate statements, which were sorted into categories based on similarity and rated for importance and feasibility. Concept maps using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses were produced. FindingsOf 35 participants invited, 25 (71%) consented and agreed to take part in concept mapping. Reported ages were 26–35 years (n=5, 20%), 36–45 years (n=12, 48%), 46–55 years (n=3, 12%), 56–65 years (n=5, 20%), and no age reported (n=10, 40%). Around 36% (n=9) of participants were from non-White ethnic groups, with 12% (n=3) being male and 88% (n=22) female. Seven clusters emerged. Salon staff capabilities and capacities and engaging in health conversations in community salons scored average bridging values of 0·09 and 0·2 respectively, indicating good cluster homogeneity (similar meaning statements were closely sorted). Facilitating health-care access with GP practices was rated highly important to effectively promote the intervention. Engaging in health conversations in community salons and salon incentives for participation were examples of factors that were highly feasible to address. The r correlation coefficient was 0·68 between importance and feasibility to address factors affecting community health interventions. InterpretationSalons are well positioned to support health promotion interventions. Actionable priorities were identified for a salon–GP surgery partnership to promote CVD prevention through lifestyle changes and health check uptake, raising breast cancer screening awareness and address issue of equity. FundingNational Institute of Health and Care Research (NIHR), Research for Patient Benefit (RfPB) Programme NIHR202769.

Access to Lung Cancer Screening Among American Indian and Alaska Native Adults: A Qualitative Study

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality among American Indian and Alaska Native populations. American Indian and Alaska Native people use commercial tobacco products at higher rates compared with all other races and ethnicities. Moreover, they show lower adherence to cancer screening guidelines. How do American Indian and Alaska Native adults perceive and use lung cancer screening? We conducted a study in which we recorded and transcribed data from three focus groups consisting of American Indian and Alaska Native adults. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling at a national health conference. Transcripts were analyzed by inductive coding. Participants (n= 58) of 28 tribes included tribal Elders, tribal leaders, and non-Native volunteers who worked with tribal communities. Limited community awareness of lung cancer screening, barriers to lung cancer screening at health care facilities, and health information-seeking behaviors emerged as key themes in discussions. Screening knowledge was limited except among people with direct experiences of lung cancer. Cancer risk factors such as multigenerational smoking were considered important priorities to address in communities. Limited educational and diagnostic resources are significant barriers to lung cancer screening uptake in addition to limited discussions with health care providers about cancer risk. Limited access to and awareness of lung cancer screening must be addressed. American Indian and Alaska Native adults use several health information sources unique to tribal communities, and these should be leveraged in designing screening programs. Equitable partnerships between clinicians and tribes are essential in improving knowledge and use of lung cancer screening.

Assessing the Level of Knowledge and Experience Regarding Cervical Cancer Prevention and Screening among Roma Women in Romania.

Background and Objectives: Romania ranks among the countries with a particularly high rate of mortality that can be prevented through prevention programs, screening, early detection, and prompt care. Cervical cancer (CC) is a major cause of these preventable deaths, affecting individuals from marginalized and rural regions, as well as the Roma population. The purpose of this article was to identify accurate and consistent information about the Roma population on the risk of CC, as well as the importance of understanding the causes of the disease and awareness of the available prevention methods. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire applied only to Roma women in Romania. Results: We enrolled 759 patients in this study. These were divided into two groups: Group 1 comprised 289 (38.1%) women who had been tested for HPV infection, while Group 2 included 470 (61.9%) women who had never been tested for HPV infection. Characterization of women in Group 1: mostly aged between 25 and 54 years, with high school education, married, who started sexual activity under the age of 18 years, with only one sexual partner, and had over five pregnancies. Regarding contraceptive methods, 35.7% of women do not know or use any contraceptive method, and 32.2% use hormonal contraceptives. Two thirds of the women tested had heard of HPV, and 19.7% were vaccinated against HPV with at least 2-3 doses. A percentage of 8.7 had a diagnosis of CC, compared to those who were not tested (p-0.0001), whereas 63% of the tested women did not know much about CC, as opposed to 85.7% of the group of untested women. Conclusions: Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be a public health concern in Romania, particularly among vulnerable groups. Promoting campaigns to raise awareness for HPV vaccination and CC screening are necessary to reduce the associated mortality and morbidity.

Evaluation of the Community's Awareness of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where there is an abnormal relationship between the femoral head and acetabulum. DDH is prevalent in Jordan, where late presentations of complicated cases are common due to the absence of a national screening program and cultural behaviors that can exacerbate DDH progression. The study aims to prove that the absence of a nationwide screening program and low awareness of the population about DDH are the primary reasons for the high incidence of late-presenting DDH in Jordan. The study highlights the need for addressing modifiable risk factors like swaddling and correcting common misconceptions such as using multiple diapers as a treatment option. The cross-sectional study evaluated the awareness level of DDH among Jordan residents above the age of 18. An online questionnaire was used, containing two sections. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the level of awareness scores according to demographic variables and cultural norms such as tight swaddling and using multiple diapers. The sample was categorized into three groups based on their scores: low awareness (0-4), moderate awareness (5-8), and high awareness (9-12). The study included 1013 participants. The results indicated that 48.9% had moderate awareness, 37.8% had low awareness, and 13.3% had high awareness of DDH. Gender and place of residence had no significant relationship with the level of awareness. However, the majority of participants with high and moderate levels of awareness were in the 25-40 years age group, and healthcare workers had the highest levels of awareness. The study showed that 33.9% of participants gained their knowledge from either relatives or self-experience, while awareness campaigns were the least assessed source of information with only 2.9% of participants getting their information from them. The study also revealed misconceptions regarding DDH, such as the belief that tight swaddling and wearing many diapers reduced the risk of developing DDH. Additionally, about half of the participants were unaware of the presence of screening guidelines for DDH. The study underscores the urgent need to establish a national screening program and awareness campaigns to increase knowledge about DDH and prevent late presentations of complicated cases in Jordan. The study findings provide essential information for the development of future DDH campaigns and screening protocols.

Health technologies as innovative tools to prevent cervical cancer in low -and-middle income countries

Introduction: Cervical cancer's mortality and morbidity, as well as the prospect of effective screening-based prevention, make it a critical area of intervention attention. By engaging social support groups in health education, participation in cervical c cancer screening and early diagnosis of the illness in the community is enhanced. In the continuous efforts to enhance cervical cancer prevention, control, and management, technology, and digital health will play a significant role. As a result of mHealth educational activities in this region, knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors, warning signs and symptoms, and information on HPV vaccination improved. By boosting screening rates, raising awareness, and encouraging early diagnosis, mHealth methods can help reduce the symptoms of cervical cancer. These initiatives use mobile technology to give targeted and individualized information, reminders, and support, allowing individuals to be proactive in cervical cancer prevention and screening. Objective: This study shows that e-health interventions can improve cervical cancer screening awareness, intention, and uptake. It indicates that electronics may be used to reach out to poor and medium-income countries as well as minority populations all around the world. Conclusion: The mobile health age has shown promising promise for more efficient health care delivery throughout the world. The term "mobile" connotes the freedom and flexibility to complete any work, anywhere and at any time, as it may be utilized to prevent cervical cancer in women by raising public awareness about Pap smear screening. It is critical to stress that the use of health technology in cervical cancer screening programs should be accompanied by suitable infrastructure, training, and supporting policies to enable long-term sustainability and equal access to services.

Indigenizing and Ruralizing NCI Screen to Save Program: Resources, Optimizing Outreach, Teaching, Science (ROOTS)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex health disparity in many Indigenous and rural populations. While it affects anyone regardless of race, age, gender, or other common differences among people, Indigenous and rural populations are at a higher risk of dying from colorectal cancer. An NCI Screen to Save (S2S) program was culturally tailored to promote awareness and knowledge of colorectal cancer and screening in both Indigenous and rural communities across a sector in Northeastern USA. Indigenous and rural community outreach teams at an NCI-designated cancer center partnered with a community advisory board to provide an indigenized/ruralized version of the NCI Screen to Save program delivered to both Indigenous and rural/suburban communities. In total, n = 79 pre/post surveys were obtained from n = 82 participants, who had an average age of 49 years. Findings demonstrated that Indigenous/rural participants in both off-territory/non-reservation communities and a tribal community that received a culturally tailored version of NCI’s S2S program were able to identify both smoking and tobacco use along with lack of physical activity as risk factors for colorectal cancer. Post-intervention, participants reported being more likely to increase physical activity. Most importantly, participants said they would be more likely to be screened for colorectal cancer along with their family and friends based on their cancer screening experiences. Culturally tailored CRC messaging is an effective means for increasing screening intentions and decreasing cancer health disparities among both indigenous and rural populations. Future research should include the relationship of diet to obesity-related cancers, greater integration of Indigenous-rural patient navigation programs, creation of more information on genetic screening, and quality improvement to service translational science initiatives.

FRI661 Assessing The Current State Of Screening And Managementof Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In An Academic Endocrinology Clinic

Abstract Disclosure: K.M. Myers: None. C.D. Hendrickson: None. Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease and the second most common cause of liver failure leading to transplantation. NAFLD is strongly associated with factors of metabolic syndrome including diabetes mellitus (DM), with which it shares a strong bi-directional relationship. Up to 70% of patients with DM also have NAFLD, and DM is a risk factor for higher rates of NAFLD progression leading to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. In September 2021, the American Gastroenterological Association published recommendations including endocrinology in the screening and management of NAFLD patients. Screening for NAFLD involves computing a FIB-4 score to risk-stratify patients into low, intermediate or high risk of having liver fibrosis. The FIB-4 score is calculated using patient age, AST, ALT and platelet count. Further management is determined by the level of risk identified, with some indeterminate-risk and all high-risk patients needing referral to hepatology clinic. Methods: Deidentified patient data was abstracted from an electronic health record registry associated with a large academic medical center. Patient qualifiers included: age over 18 years, diagnosis of type 2 DM, a prior visit within 5 years at one of two endocrinology clinic locations and having a primary care physician associated with the system. Of these patients, lab data was obtained for AST, ALT and platelet count. Additionally, the presence or absence of a prior hepatology clinic encounter was assessed. Two endocrinology clinics were analyzed, including one clinic at the main hospital campus and a second, smaller clinic located in an adjacent county. Results: Within the larger clinic, 16,398 patients met the above criteria; however, only 1797 (11.0%) had all lab components evaluated within 5 years to calculate a FIB-4 score, largely due to only 11.3% of total patients having platelet count data available. Of patients with a FIB-4 score, 342 had a score over 2.67, indicating high-risk for liver fibrosis. Of these 342 patients, 181 (53.0%) had an associated hepatology visit. Within the smaller clinic, 3844 patients met the above criteria; however, only 1055 (274%) had all lab components evaluated within 5 years to calculate a FIB-4 score, again largely due to only 30.0% of total patients having platelet count data available. Of the patients with a FIB-4 score, 148 had a score ≥ 2.67, indicating high-risk for liver fibrosis. Of these 148 patients, 47 (31.8%) had an associated encounter with hepatology. Conclusion: This study highlights a need for improved screening and risk-stratification of diabetic patients for NAFLD, including the increased awareness of screening with appropriate lab evaluation and subsequent referral to hepatology when appropriate. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023

Knowledge and Awareness of Screening for Prostate Cancer Risk Factors and Symptoms Among the General Population in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia.

Background Early-stage prostate cancer may not show any signs. Digital rectal examination and the prostate-specific antigen test are frequently used in the screening for prostate cancer. The objective of this research is to assess the knowledge and awareness of screening prostate cancer among males in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional study was performed among Saudi males in Tabuk City. A structured interviewing technique based on a questionnaire was used based on the objectives and research questions. Data were collectedby well-trained data collectors from the general population in Tabuk City who were randomly chosen in proportion to the city's population density. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the variables related to knowledge and awareness in this study. Results This questionnaire was completed by a total of 417 male participants. In the studied group, 86.8% of participants had heard about prostate cancer through friends (59%), TV/radio/newspaper (53.24%), and other health services (41.49%). In addition, around 67.6% of participants knew about the prostate cancer screening test. In addition, 32.4% of participants had no prior knowledge of prostate cancer or a screening test. Conclusions There was a good level of awareness and attitude toward screening methods for prostate cancer (54.7%). Aside from having good knowledge regarding prostate cancer symptoms among males in Tabuk City, all participants with regard to demographic distribution showed a significant level of good knowledge and awareness of screening prostate cancer methods and the necessity of performing regular prostate examinations.

Awareness of risk factors, symptoms and screening of breast cancer: A cross-sectional survey among 35–65-year-old women in Alappuzha district, Kerala, India

Background: Breast cancer awareness is vital to enhance early detection and treatment, thus improving women’s quality of life and reducing the breast cancer burden in a country. This paper describes breast cancer awareness among women in the Alappuzha district, Kerala. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 320 women aged 35–65 using a multi-stage cluster-sampling method. The data were collected using a structured interview schedule and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics-25. The Chi-square test was used to test associations, and binary logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The most reported risk factor and symptoms were unhealthy food habits (29.6%) and breast lumps (91.7%), respectively. Nearly half of the women spoke about at least one risk factor (53.8%), and 39.8% mentioned at least two symptoms of breast cancer. Awareness of breast self-examination and mammography were 85.7% and 39.5%, respectively. Compared to women with a primary level of education, women with a higher secondary or above level of education were more likely to report at least one risk factor (AOR = 8.96; 95%CI: 3.44-23.36), more than two symptoms (AOR = 4.73; 95%CI: 1.82-12.27) and mammogram as a screening method (AOR = 61.1; 95%CI: 6.56-394.63). Women detected with breast cancer (n = 6) were excluded from the analysis. Conclusion: Women are unaware of most of the risk factors and symptoms of breast cancer, and breast cancer awareness are highly associated with women’s education. Breast cancer awareness creation is essential to improve the early detection of breast cancer among women, especially in the low socioeconomic strata.