Science Subjects Research Articles

RESPON PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN LKPD PENDIDIKAN KONSERVASI TOPIK FAUNA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS

Student Worksheets (LKPD) are an important aspect in implementing learning. This study aims to determine students' responses related to the development of LKPD in conservation education learning with the topic of fauna in Ujung Kulon National Park in the subject of science at grade V of elementary school. The study was conducted at SDN Kota Baru with the research subjects were 27 grade V students. The type of research used is descriptive research. Based on the results of the student response questionnaire on the aspect of interest, the percentage score was 93%, the percentage of the material aspect was 91%, the percentage of the linguistic aspect was 90% and the aspect of benefits was 94%. Therefore, the average percentage score was 92% with the category "Very Good". Thus, students gave a very good response to LKPD in the subject of science.

Pre-service Teachers’ Preparedness for In-service Science Teaching in Primary Education – A Case Study in Croatia

An experimental science curriculum for primary school was introduced in Croatia for the 1st time in the 2023/24 school year. This is taking place against the backdrop of a shortage of teachers from various science subjects, especially physics. They are increasingly being replaced by non-professional teachers, often those with a Master of Primary Education, which gives access to the profession of primary junior grade teacher. In this study, the subject matter knowledge (SMK) in science of 44 pre-service teachers aiming for the above-mentioned degree is examined using the SMK test. The test contains 40 trends in international mathematics and science study (TIMSS) items from the 4th-grade science content domain Physical Science and allowed us to compare the achievement of our respondents with the achievement of pupils who participated in the TIMSS assessments. The results show that the percentage correctness of the pre-service teachers on the SMK test was statistically significantly higher than that of the 4th-grade pupils. However, the correlation coefficients showed that the pre-service teachers had greater difficulties with the items with which the pupils had greater difficulties, and vice versa. This applies in particular to the items on forces and motion and to the items from the cognitive domain of reasoning. The reason for the unsatisfactory science SMK of our respondents could be the incompatibility of the university science curriculum with the demands placed on pupils in the relevant school subjects and International science assessments such as TIMSS. The results of this study confirm and extend the contribution of existing research and should serve as a basis for subsequent research as well as for the design of a further course of science education reform in Croatia and in the countries of the region.

The Influence of Animation Media on the Learning Outcomes of Grade 3 Students in Science Subjects at Elementary School 091635 Kerasaan

The Influence of Animation Media on the Learning Outcomes of Grade 3 Students in Science Subjects at Elementary School 091635 Kerasaan

Development of Educational Monopoly Learning Media in Science Subjects to Improve Students Learning Outcomes

Student interest in learning will increment in the event that the educator utilizes different learning media than expected. This research and development mean to develop and test the feasibility, and effectiveness of educational monopoly learning media in grade V elementary school science subjects. This study used the Borg and Gall model. Data collection techniques use tests (pretest-posttest) and non-tests in the form of observations, questionnaire interviews, and document data. The results of validation by media and material experts show that the media has met the very valid criteria with percentages of 88.69% and 93.33% respectively. Based on thes results pretest-posttest, is known that educational monopoly learning media is effective in improving learning outcomes, shown by the results of an increase in the average pretest score of 54.67 to 80.33 at the time of the posttest and the results of the N-Gain test obtained a value of 0.58 with the medium classification. In light of the aftereffects of the questionnaire, the response of teachers and students received a very positive response. So, it can be concluded that the educational monopoly learning media is effective in improving science learning outcomes and is suitable for use in class V learning at SDN 03 Mereng

Introduction pages, NBHA-CN 52(3), 2024

The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 3, Volume 52, 2024 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles, we invite you to find news about: Genetic improvement of drought stress tolerance in maize, recent advancements and future research direction; Exploring ecotypic plant adaptations and the influence of microbiota on mitigating environmental challenges; Unveiling the genetic landscape: Exploring the SSR-based genetic architecture and amino acid dissection of Gossypium barbadense and G. darwinii genomes; Role of iron oxide nanoparticles in maize (Zea mays L.) to enhance salinity stress tolerance; Differential physiological responses to salt stress in rice landraces in Thailand; Effects of chemical regulation on the growth, yield and fiber quality of cotton varieties with different plant architectures; Separation and identification of individual anthocyanins from the petals of some rose cultivars; Comparative analysis of seed morphology in genus Scutellaria L.; Effects of chemical fertilizer nitrogen substitution with rapeseed cake on microbial community in tobacco rhizosphere soil; Particle film treatments on ‘Assyrtiko’ grapevines enhance physiology and grape attributes in Santorini Island; Nutrimental modifications in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) caused by vanadium supply; Exploring the effects of the assisted transfer of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances in the Romanian Carpathians.

Introduction pages, Notulae Scientia Biologicae 16(3), 2024

Notulae Scientia Biologicae (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro), Issue 3, Volume 16, 2024: The papers published in this issue represent interesting novelties in different topics of life science. Among the exciting research or reviews, we invite readers to find news about: Exogenous nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide as biotechnological tools for enhancing plant adaptation to cold; Optimization of the production of a new milk clotting enzyme by Aspergillus flavus thermophile on agro-industrial residues medium and characterization of the enzyme; Chemical composition and potential pharmacological applications of Centaurea acaulis L.; Evaluation of antimalarial compounds in Prosopis africana stem bark fractions against Plasmodium berghei; Bioactive potential of Algerian Citrullus colocynthis resin: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; Analysis of chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities of pomegranate fruit thick and green tea leaf extracts; In silico analysis of Cucumis pubescens Willd. fruit extract phytocompounds and its activity against anti-diabetic targets; In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of different bacterial isolates against Botrytis gray mold of tomato; Integrated characterization and in vitro biocontrol of Fusarium sp. using Trichoderma asperellum; Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under cadmium stress; Delineating drought-induced antioxidative traits as potential mechanisms for climate resilience in Argania spinosa.

An Analytical Study of Training Needs of University Teachers in Online Environment in Perspectives of Physical Resources and Pedagogical Skills in the Subject of Social Sciences

The objectives of this research study were about finding out the availability of physical resources, the pedagogical requirements of teachers training for online teaching and examining the ICT skills that the teacher needs to teach in online teaching. The mode of teaching has widely got more importance from regular mode towards online teaching and learning from post COVID time. These days it is very familiar concept. The study aimed to investigate the teachers training need assessment for online teaching at university level. This is the descriptive research study. The population as well as sampling units for this study was 150 male along with female university educators. It was concerned in this study about the needs of training of them for online mode of teaching. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the teachers of social science currently serving in various universities in Islamabad. The data were analysed through SPSS by using mean, frequencies, and standard deviation. The data revealed that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) structure needs to be strengthened for online education environments with the concept of blended education and learning techniques self-paced learning and online interactions as an effective and alternate mode of learning.

RESPON PESERTA DIDIK KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN LKPD PENDIDIKAN KONSERVASI TOPIK BAHASAN FLORA TAMAN NASIONAL UJUNG KULON (TNUK) PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS

Student Worksheet (LKPD) is one of the learning tools which can help and facilitate teachers in learning activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the response of students to the development of LKPD Conservation Education with the topic of flora of Ujung Kulon National Park (TNUK) in the subject of Science for grade IV Elementary School. This research was conducted at SD Negeri Kota Baru with the research subjects of grade IV students with a total of 23. The study applied descriptive research. The calculation of student responses uses a student response questionnaire, this questionnaire has several aspects, namely the aspect of interest 95%, the aspect of material 98%, the aspect of language 96%, and the aspect of benefits 96%. Thus, an average of 97% was obtained which can be interpreted as "Very Good", it is concluded that students gave a very good response to the LKPD used.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts from Legeneraria Siceraria Fruits and Assessment of their Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Oxidant Activities

Nanotechnology is a key subject of science, engineering, and technology that is experiencing enormous growth in the current century. In this study, fruits of the legeneraria siceraria plant, this is widely used in traditional medicines in Ethiopian rural areas, used as reducing and capping agent for AgNPs synthesis. The legeneraria siceraria fruits -mediated synthesized AgNPs characterized by ultravioletvisible (UV-VIS.) spectrophotometry, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS). The optimal synthesization parameters for AgNPs in this study were temperature 60 °C, stirring time 60 minutes, pH 11, and 2 mM silver nitrate concentration. Characteristic and well-defined SPR bands for AgNPs were confirmed at around λmax = 426 nm. Synthesized AgNPs of calculated mean crystallite size were 10.21 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the synthesized AgNPs have a spherical structure. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs synthesized using legeneraria siceraria fruits medicinal plants demonstrated that Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria inhibited. Additionally, the AgNPs showed minimal toxicity to human cells. AgNPs were useful antioxidants for health preservation against different oxidative stress associated with degenerative diseases. In this work, it acts at scavenging against DPPH.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA ROLLING BALL GAME UNTUK MEMAHAMI MATERI PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to produce a valid and practical rolling ball game media on the subject of Science for Grade IV Elementary School. The type of research used is Research & Development which apllied the ADDIE stage model with five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. The subjects of this study were grade IV students of Elementary School 21 Palembang. The validity test was obtained through a validation sheet by two (2) lecturers and one (1) teacher getting an average score of 81.4% with the category "very valid". The practicality test was obtained through a student response questionnaire conducted in small groups with an average score of 93.75% with the category "very practical" and a field trial conducted by 20 grade IV students getting an average score of 94.2% with the category "very practical". It can be concluded that the rolling ball game media on plant material, the source of life on earth is valid and practical to be used for the teaching and learning process in class for grade IV students of SD Negeri 21 Palembang.

PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to describe the effect of the problem based learning model on critical thinking and student learning outcomes on science subjects for grade V. The method used is a quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group design. The population is grade V students of SD Negeri 195 Palembang, with the sample in this study were class VC with 28 students as the control class, while class VA with 27 students as the experimental class. Data collection techniques used in this research activity are tests and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the paired simple t-test. In the pretest-posttest results of the control class and the experimental class which showed a significant difference after applying the problem based learning model, the data analysis obtained was 0.000 <0.05 then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. After conducting the test, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the application of the problem based learning model on critical thinking and student learning outcomes on science subjects for grade V of elementary school.

Students’ perception and attitude to agricultural science subject acceptance in government-owned secondary schools in Edo state, Nigeria

Students’ perception and attitude to agricultural science subject acceptance in government-owned secondary schools in Edo state, Nigeria

Analysis of the Development of Image Media Use on Science Learning Outcomes in Primary Schools In the period 2018-2023

Objective: Technological developments regarding image media have increased quite significantly in the last six years, where the impact of the use of visual media on science learning outcomes at both middle school and high school levels, especially elementary school, is very popular, and there has been an increase in research on both theses and SINTA articles. The goal of this study is to find out how much the usage of visual media affects science learning outcomes. Topics covered in elementary school. Method: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology is used in this investigation. This methodology makes the examination and synthesis of recent research findings in primary school education possible. Using the PRISMA methodology, the study carried out a systematic literature review, covering steps like identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion criteria. The literature sources covering 2018 to 2023 came from the Google Scholar or Google Scholar database. The conclusions of this research come from database searches carried out using the terms Image Media, Science Learning Results, and Primary School. Results: Once the literature search was completed, the analysis yielded ten articles that met the requirements for inclusion in the detailed analysis. This is selected and included. Novelty: To ensure students achieve the highest academic success, the application of appropriate media in learning science subjects in elementary grades can positively impact their learning activities.

Mapping the relationship and influence of school internal factors with an eye towards students' science academic outcomes

The present research sought to explore the relationship between school internal factors and their influence on students' academic outcomes in science subjects at the secondary school level in Punjab, Pakistan. A quantitative survey method was employed, utilizing a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on school internal factors, including laboratories, curriculum, and teacher quality, and students' science academic outcomes. The study sampled 210 secondary schools across Punjab, encompassing 630 science teachers specializing in biology, physics, and chemistry. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested. The constructs' underlying structure was examined through both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, using the PLS-PM Path Modeling approach to support these analyses. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) revealed that the measurement model demonstrated internal consistency. The path analysis results indicated that laboratories, curriculum, and teacher quality significantly and positively influence students' academic outcome in science subjects. The study concludes that enhancing the resourcefulness of science educators is crucial, particularly through the provision of support materials for science teaching and learning. This support enables students to engage in experimental learning, develop critical thinking skills, and explore innovative approaches to problem-solving. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the importance of regularly reviewing and updating the secondary school curriculum to ensure its quality. The recruitment of certified teachers with advanced degrees in relevant fields and the provision of ongoing professional development for educators are also recommended to improve academic outcomes in science.

Assessing semantic interoperability in environmental sciences: variety of approaches and semantic artefacts

The integration and reuse of digital research products can be only ensured through the adoption of machine-actionable (meta)data standards enriched with semantic artefacts. This study compiles 540 semantic artefacts in environmental sciences to: i. examine their coverage in scientific domains and topics; ii. assess key aspects of their FAIRness; and iii. evaluate management and governance concerns. The analyses showed that the majority of semantic artefacts concern the terrestrial biosphere domain, and that a small portion of the total failed to meet the FAIR principles. For example, 5.5% of semantic artefacts were not available in semantic catalogues, 8% were not built with standard model languages and formats, 24.6% were published without usage licences and 22.4% without version information or with divergent versions across catalogues in which they were available. This investigation discusses common semantic practices, outlines existing gaps and suggests potential solutions to address semantic interoperability challenges in some of the resources originally designed to guarantee it.

RESEARCH APPROACH IN METHODOLOGICAL FUTURE SCIENCE TEACHER TRAINING

The article is devoted to a research approach implementation in the methodological training of future science teachers. The author emphasizes the need to develop research competence in higher education students majoring in the subject specialty 014.15 Secondary Education (Natural Sciences) and obtaining a professional qualification of a teacher of natural sciences, physics, chemistry, and biology to work in the New Ukrainian School. The article’s purpose is to reveal the essence of the research competence of future science teachers and the peculiarities of implementing the research approach in their methodological training. It has been established that the research approach involves the organization of the educational process in which learning takes place through research activities. The research competence of future science teachers is interpreted as an integrative quality of a personality that combines motivation for research, methodological knowledge and knowledge of research technologies, research skills, the ability to carry out research activities, organize them with students in teaching science subjects, and evaluate their effectiveness. It is determined that this research competence combines motivational, cognitive, activity-operational, and reflective components. The importance of methodological disciplines in the formation of research competence of future teachers of natural sciences, physics, chemistry, and biology is emphasized. It has been found that the research approach in the methodological training of future teachers requires the use of specific teaching methods and technologies (project, contextual, case technology, research laboratory work). It contributes to the research competence of higher education students development, in particular, their ability to organize students’ research activities in science classes in general secondary education institutions.

An innovative approach in middle school science courses: effects of collaborative augmented reality activities on motivation, cognitive load, and satisfaction

ABSTRACT This study examines the effects of collaborative augmented reality activities supported by the 5E teaching model on students’ motivation, cognitive load, and satisfaction levels in a science course. In this context, explanatory design, one of the mixed research methods, was used in this study. The research process was conducted with 18 sixth-grade (5 girls and 13 boys) students studying in a private school for four hours a week for four weeks in a science course. In the quantitative dimension of the study, the effects of collaborative augmented reality activities were examined using one group pretest-posttest design through questionnaires and scales, and student views were evaluated through semi-structured interviews as a result. The quantitative data analysis used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and descriptive statistics methods. Qualitative data were analyzed through the content analysis method. As a result of the study, it was observed that collaborative augmented reality activities positively affected students’ motivation and satisfaction levels in the science learning process. In addition, collaborative augmented reality activities contributed to balancing the cognitive load. In this regard, it can be asserted that students’ learning processes can be made more effective using collaborative augmented reality activities, especially in teaching complex science subjects.

When language becomes an obstacle: the challenges of teaching immunology in french for moroccan students

The teaching of sciences, and more specifically immunology, in a foreign language presents numerous challenges, particularly in terms of understanding and assimilating knowledge. In this context, teaching sciences in the native language would be more conducive to learning, as students have been familiarized with these linguistic structures from a young age. Nevertheless, since 2014, Morocco has decided to teach scientific subjects (mathematics, physics, and life and earth sciences) in French starting from middle school to help students in scientific fields, initially educated in Arabic, to better pursue their higher education in French. This approach creates a double barrier for students whose mother tongue is Amazigh or Arabic, they must both master complex scientific concepts and express them in a foreign language. This article aims to examine these challenges through two studies targeting a sample of 185 (n1+n2+n3) teachers, one quantitative based on a questionnaire, and the other qualitative using the focus group technique. Both studies focus on the opinions of life and earth sciences teachers regarding the teaching of immunology in French the high school, a discipline with particularly complex concepts, and whether teaching scientific subjects in French is hindered by difficulties, and finally to propose possible alternatives to improve the effectiveness of this teaching. The results obtained show a negative appreciation from the teachers in our sample regarding the teaching of immunology in French, as it poses problems for students' understanding of this discipline. In fact, the results suggest that the majority of students lack interest and motivation in immunology courses taught in French, with low engagement in classroom discussions.

Analysis of Critical Thinking Skills and Environmental Care Attitudes Through a Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Natural Laboratories in Science Subjects

Analysis of Critical Thinking Skills and Environmental Care Attitudes Through a Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Natural Laboratories in Science Subjects

The structure, magnetic properties, magnetotransport and temperature coefficient of resistivity of hexagonal 4H-SrMnO3 manganite

The perovskite hexagonal SrMnO3 manganite with four layers (4H-SrMnO3) have been one of the hot topics in materials science due to the physical characteristics of antiferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and thermoelectric effects. The transport properties and magnetoresistance (MR) effect of 4H-SrMnO3 have seldom been reported. The structure, temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR), magnetic and magnetotransport properties of the 4H-SrMnO3 SrMnO3 manganite obtained by solid state reaction have been investigated in this work. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements at room temperature reveal that the SrMnO3 sample exhibits a pure hexagonal symmetric structure, with uniform distribution of particles and elements. Under applied magnetic fields of 2000 Oe, the SrMnO3 sample exhibits a transition from antiferromagnetic (AFM) to paramagnetic (PM) behavior at approximately 280 K, known as the Néel temperature (TN). The resistance is influenced by the magnetic field, but overall exhibits an insulating state. Remarkably, the SrMnO3 sample shows significant MR effect near room temperature. The negative MR near room temperature varies from 5.8 % with 1 T field to 16.8 % with 6 T field, indicating an existence of obvious MR in the hexagonal AFM SrMnO3 manganite. Furthermore, the maxmium value of TCR reaches 4.34 % K−1 near room temperature. These findings of room-temperature TCR and room-temperature MR in the AFM 4H-SrMnO3 hold immense value for the research and potential application of the AFM spintronics and devices.