Scientific Research Units Research Articles

Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of Internal Audit in Colleges and Universities

With the continuous development and reform of the market economy, colleges and universities have gradually become independent educational and scientific research units based on the market. The number of colleges and universities is increasing gradually, which also leads to the fiercer competition among colleges and universities. In order to enhance the core competitiveness of colleges and universities, we need to do a good job in internal audit, but there are still drawbacks in the management stage. Based on the above reasons, this paper first expounds the current situation of internal audit in colleges and universities, explores the audit management plan in the process of its development, in order to provide some suggestions for the management of colleges and universities.

Study on Preparation Technology and Heat Conduction Mechanism of High-Purity & Ultra-Fine Alumina Powder from Scrap Aluminum Cans

In view of the increasing scarcity of bauxite resources in China, the high energy consumption and high pollution of electrolytic aluminum, and the requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, aluminum recycling and high-value utilization of its derivatives have evolved into a crucial development requirement for the aluminum industry in the future. As an important part of the development of recycled aluminum resources, the high-value application of scrap aluminum cans has always been a hot research topic in various recycled aluminum processing enterprises and scientific research units. The traditional regeneration system of waste cans includes a series of complex technological processes such as pretreatment, paint removal, smelting system and casting system, which is difficult to control in the middle of the process. Most of the recycled scrap aluminum cans are cast and downgraded for later use, except for a part of them used as alloy materials for new cans. In this paper, combined with the research on the preparation of metal aluminum alkoxide, combined with recrystallization heat conduction to further study the effective dissolution or adsorption how to remove impurity elements to obtain high-purity aluminum alcohol salt mechanism research, and thermal effect of alcohols with different carbon chains on the synthesis of high-purity aluminum alkoxide was further investigated. Moreover, the changes in morphology and pore size distribution of hydrolyzed alumina precursor materials under different hydrothermal temperature conditions were discussed by means of the alkoxide hydrolysis-sol-gel process. Eventually, the aluminum alkoxide was obtained by the reaction of waste cans with isopropanol and heavy crystal thermal conductivity, and the high-purity aluminum alkoxide was purified by vacuum distillation. Under the hydrothermal condition of 160°C, the high-purity alumina material with a purity of 99.99% and an original crystal size of 200nm was prepared.

The epidemiology of fecal carriage of nontyphoidal Salmonella among healthy children and adults in three sites in Kenya.

Despite the importance of non-Typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) disease in Africa, epidemiologic data on carriage and transmission are few. These data are important to understand the transmission of NTS in Africa and to design control strategies. To estimate the prevalence of stool carriage of NTS in Kenya, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Kilifi, Nairobi, and Siaya, sites with a low, moderate and high incidence of invasive NTS disease, respectively. At each site, we randomly selected 100 participants in each age-group of 0-11 months, 12-59 months, 5-14 years, 15-54 years and ≥55 years. We collected stool, venous blood (for hemoglobin and malaria rapid tests), anthropometric measurements, and administered a questionnaire on Water Access Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practices. Stool samples were cultured on selective agar for Salmonella; suspect isolates underwent serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Overall, 53 (3.5%) isolates of NTS were cultured from 1497 samples. Age-adjusted prevalence was 13.1% (95%CI 8.8-17.4) in Kilifi, 0.4% (95%CI 0-1.3) in Nairobi, and 0.9% (95%CI 0-2.0) in Siaya. Prevalence was highest among those aged 15-54 years (6.2%). Of 53 isolates; 5 were S. Enteritidis, 1 was S. Typhimurium. No S. Typhi was isolated. None of the risk factors were associated with carriage of NTS. All isolates were susceptible to all antibiotics tested, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. Prevalence of fecal carriage was high in Kilifi, an area of low incidence of invasive NTS disease and was low in areas of higher incidence in Nairobi and Siaya. The age-prevalence, risk factors, geographical and serotype distribution of NTS in carriage differs from invasive disease.

KAMPUS UNIVERZITETA U SARAJEVU – SMJERNICE RAZVOJA / UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO CAMPUS – DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES

In cooperation with the Sarajevo Canton, the European Investment Bank, has been providing support to the drafting of a new University of Sarajevo Campus’ Master Plan. The project involves the commissioning of a master plan and a feasibility study, which will ultimately enable the spatial integration of various University of Sarajevo’s educational and scientific research units into single merged modern campus. The project task was carried out by the Campus Construction and Maintenance Directorate, in cooperation with the ARUP consulting company, based on an analysis of the current situation, existing planning solutions, adopted guidelines and real needs and interests expressed by the University of Sarajevo. The project assignment states, among other things, that the Campus development strategy must ensure improved working conditions for students and academic staff, as well as effective cooperation between faculties, academies and research institutes. An integral part of the Project Task is the Framework Study, the preparation of which was financed by the World Bank, and was made by the company ARUP based on the guidelines defined by the University of Sarajevo and the Sarajevo Canton. In the aforementioned study, the scope is divided into zones with different coefficients of construction and plot occupancy, and in addition to the planned construction of university facilities, one zone is intended for the construction of a university park.

Регіональні особливості розвитку екосистеми стартапів: підприємницький аспект

The article provides the definitions of the concept of both a startup and a startups ecosystem, on the basis of many analyzed scientific works of both domestic and foreign scholars. It is proved that the startups ecosystem is understood as a network that unites various subjects of the innovation process (universities, venture capital companies, marketers, entrepreneurs, audit and consulting agencies, etc.) that interact with each other on the basis of certain agreed «rules of the game». The overall startups ecosystem is taken for an example, being represented by four levels (global (international); national; regional; local). Each of the individual levels creates conditions for the development and successful functioning of startups. The publication presents in more detail the totality of participants in the local startups ecosystem, where it is determined that universities play a rather important role in the processes of formation of innovation ecosystems. The model of the innovation ecosystem of the university is represented by scientific research units, such as the research department, research institute, research sector, which include both the units in which research is carried out (scientific departments, laboratories, centers) and scientific and auxiliary structures (departments of scientific and technical information, research support, financial planning, and personnel). During the formation of an innovation ecosystem of the university, it is important to carry out the process of commercialization of innovative ideas. The importance of developing a startups ecosystem in entrepreneurship is proven. The State authorities are obliged to support, stimulate and encourage the development of entrepreneurship both in the country in general and in its regions in particular. The main programs of development and support of entrepreneurial activity at the regional level are analyzed. It is proved that supporting entrepreneurship in Ukraine by creating a favorable climate for the development of entrepreneurship, identifying all the components that stimulate the formation, attraction of new and expansion of existing small and medium-sized businesses is one of the main directions of implementation of the policy of economic development of the State and its regions.

НАУКОВО-РЕСТАВРАЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ В МИСТЕЦТВОЗНАВЧОМУ ДИСКУРСІ: ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The purpose of the article is to outline the scientific-restorative European integration experience as an important component on the path of the art history discourse of identification and preservation of architectural and artistic heritage beyond geopolitical understanding and territorial features. According to the goal, the task is to analyze one of the many examples of generative cooperation of scientific institutions and personalities of Ukraine in the sector of the cultural industry, in particular, the scholarship program of the Minister of Culture of the RP Gaude Polonia. The implementation of complex Ukrainian personal projects on the basis of prominent Polish institutions, supervised by experienced tutors, generates qualitative exchanges and the integration of new conceptual and methodological approaches in the scientific and restoration field. The experience of approbation of a high-tech creative approach to the preservation of painting layers from different periods on one basis – the process of transfer (layering) – which was implemented on the basis of the scientific research unit "Transfer of works of easel art" under the leadership of Professor Marta Lempart-Heratowska, conservation and restoration department of the Krakow Academy of Arts (RP). In the historical context, a significant part of movable and immovable sacral heritage is geographically preserved or constitutes museum collections outside the boundaries of previous historical ethnolocations, and constitute, to a certain extent, pan-European cultural and spiritual heritage. From this review, the observance of common principles and non-destructive methods of preservation and scientific processing of these objects, with the use of the latest technologies, becomes an important humanitarian factor on the way to European integration in the scientific and research sector. An in-depth study of monuments, in particular monuments of icon painting and common sacred architectural heritage, allows to change and improve the art history discourse, identify and classify movable and immovable monuments and introduce them into the scientific circulation of the European community, forming a new progressive humanitarian factor in the interpretation of architectural of artistic heritage beyond the narrow historiographical and territorial context, which is evidenced in the practice of UNESCO’s activities, Centrum Architektury Drewnianej, Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa (Рoland).

Study of Chinese carbon emission trading market mechanism based on the game theory

<p>In order to provide corresponding suggestions for the establishment and development of China's carbon trading market mechanism, the three-party game model of the competent government departments, carbon emission enterprises and third-party verification institution in the initial allocation of carbon emission rights and the rotation bargaining game model in the secondary carbon trading market are solved and analyzed in this paper. The results show that the competent government departments should improve the review efficiency effectively to reduce cost by outsourcing the review work to universities, research institutes and other scientific research units and increasing punishment for the collusion behavior between the carbon emission enterprises and third-party verification institution. At the same time, the competent government departments should adopt the regular regulatory policies to deal with collusion behavior and reduce the sampling proportion to cut cost of government review. The trading center should directly determine transaction price in combination with the forces of buyers and sellers, and make matchmaking trading directly by selecting the qualified buyers and sellers at the secondary carbon trading market in process of bilateral open bidding.</p>

Biological pollution online monitoring system

With the improvement of people’s living standards, the industrial system has begun to develop rapidly, and the problem of water pollution has also increased. Based on the above background, This paper designs an online monitoring system for biological pollution, this system can automatically or manually perform sufficient pretreatment of the water quality to be measured, it can graphically display the dissolved oxygen value and temperature data of the water quality in real time. The software part of this system uses the MK60N512VMD100 microcontroller of the Free scale Kinetis K60 series as the main control chip, and the IDE used is CodeWarrior for MCU 10.5. it based on the underlying components of the MCU, the software design of the MCU is completed. The upper computer uses Lab Window/CVI 9.0 of NI Company, which connects the equipment terminal to the Internet through SIM900A module, thus completing the communication between the upper computer and the equipment terminal. The hardware part of the biological pollution on-line monitoring system is designed to be portable. Its main purpose is to be convenient for users to carry and suitable for on-site and field operation. The system uses MCU-K60 as the control chip and realizes on-line monitoring on the hardware circuit platform. It is suitable for the determination of water dissolved oxygen and other parameters by departments such as tap water source monitoring, aquaculture farms, environmental protection, sewage treatment plants, beverage industry and scientific research units.

Engineering application of power generation technology for adding and reducing silt in multi-sediment reservoir

The uncoordinated relationship between water and sand is a major technical problem that has not been completely eradicated or resolved in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower in the world. In response to the problem of sedimentation, scientific research, design and operation units have carried out research and application of key technologies for the addition of sediment-laden reservoirs to reduce siltation and power generation. The research results have been successfully applied to the Liujiaxia Tao River Mouth Desilting Tunnel and Machine Expansion Project. The Liujiaxia Reservoir has successfully solved the sediment discharge and silt reduction, increased the effective storage capacity of the reservoir, improved the power generation efficiency of the reservoir, improved the water quality of the reservoir, and provided support for the long-term spatial deployment of water resources.

Professional Activity of Disability People in the Central Pomeranian Area

Professional activation is an important part of the economy, in particular local and regional authorities. Properly initiated entrepreneurship significantly affects, among other things, the direct development of the region, including local businesses and the investment opportunities of local government units. Improving competitiveness and the socio-economic image of the region can be seen by taking direct economic initiatives (also in cooperation with economic entities and/or scientific research units) and by implementation of innovation, the use of various forms of external financing, but primarily through new jobs and business activity. The aim of the study is an attempt to present the issue of professional activation of disabled people in the former Central Pomeranian province, in the county Słupsk. The study public opinion poll (own questionnaire study) was conducted at the turn of 2013–2014y. Survey was also conducted in Polish and English literature. In the years 2007–2015 local government organizations implemented 7 projects in the region of Słupsk and also activities are constantly supported by District Labour Office (PUP) activation, which provides services to 97 % of respondents.

In vivo antimicrobial efficiency of garlic extract against pulmonary infections; Histopathological and Biochemical study

As microbes are massively risky and have gotten to be safe to about all advertised anti-microbials. Withinthe period of anti-microbial resistance, antimicrobial of natural origin give an successful and cheap alternative for combating resistant strains of Gram negative microorganisms which induce pneumonia e.g. () and () . Cefotaxime is an antimicrobial used in control and treatment of anaerobic bacteria which may be administered with Gentamicin within the treatment of blended contaminations caused by anaerobic and oxygen consuming living beings. Combination treatment has corresponding components of activity. Gentamicin is bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic used mainly against Gram negative bacteria. Allium sativum in garlic extract has been known to have inhibitory action & and valuable as helpful specialist against numerous pathological diseases. Expanding Multidrug resistance of pathogens strengths to discover elective strategies for treatment of irresistible infections. Ethical approval: Protocols were approved by the IRB of the Scientific Research Unit (SRU) at Inaya Medical College (IMC) RIYADH (KSA) and antibacterial presented effect for combination of antibiotics and FGE for fourteen days. Indicated a significant (p < 0.05) decrease of TNF-α and elevation in GPx of liver and kidney homogenate. Our data showed that FGH combined antibiotics could protect the liver and kidney against the histopathological and histochemical changes by blocking oxidative damages in addition to restorement of the antioxidant enzymatic profile. FGE displayed the best effect on administration one hour before gentamicin and cefotaxime due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Moreover, the potential use of FGE as a prophylactic agent against multi drug resistant bacteria.

Research on Ship Management ERP Integrated Platform System of Offshore Engineering Exploration and Scientific Research Enterprise

This article reviewed the marine exploration and scientific research enterprises in the process of marine exploration, to control the ocean fleet, including personnel, materials, finance, and other aspects of a centralized control, but due to the special characteristics of the marine exploration and scientific research industry industry, Design a comprehensive management platform specifically for marine engineering exploration. This platform can effectively control the exploration of ocean-going marine fleets. The purpose of this article is to efficiently manage the marine engineering activities. This article studies a large amount of data and based on the management of related enterprises, a comprehensive ship management and control ERP platform system has been developed. This system can effectively control the ocean fleet, and it is convenient for scientific research units to manage and control the entire process of marine exploration, effectively control financial costs, and can more efficient management of offshore engineering exploration activities, this system can achieve the characteristics of high efficiency.

Retracted] Diagnostic and prognostic value of contrast‑enhanced ultrasound combined with diffusion‑weighted magnetic resonance imaging in different subtypes of breast cancer.

Int J Mol Med42: [Related article:] 105‑114, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3591. The authors have requested that their research article entitled 'Diagnostic and prognostic value of contrast‑enhanced ultrasound combined with diffusion‑weighted magnetic resonance imaging in different subtypes of breast cancer' published in International Journal of Molecular Medicine42, 105‑114, 2018, be retracted. This study was conceived jointly by the research institute of the authors' hospital (Jilin University China‑Japan Friendship Hospital) and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and the clinical data were obtained from the two institutes. It is regrettable that the scientific research unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University did not authorize the publication of these results, and the authors have subsequently received an official request from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University to retract this paper, since the results of their article have infringed the scientific research rights of the third party. The Editor of International Journal of Molecular Medicine agrees that the article should be retracted from the publication in view of the infringement of the scientific rights of the third party. All the named authors agree to this retraction. The authors apologize to the Editor and to the readership of the Journal, and regret any inconvenience this will cause.

Impulse analysis process of rice growers participating in water conservancy and irrigation management and countermeasures and suggestions for agricultural scientific research units to play a guiding role – take the Qingan County of Heilongjiang Province as an example

Impulse analysis process of rice growers participating in water conservancy and irrigation management and countermeasures and suggestions for agricultural scientific research units to play a guiding role – take the Qingan County of Heilongjiang Province as an example

Cooperation between scientific-research units and enterprises in the Warmian- Masurian Voivodeship

Enterprises from the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship undertake relatively long-term cooperation with scientific-research units – mainly with universities. It is influenced by the high quality of the provided services which are tailored to the needs. Despite the general satisfaction with the cooperation, the entrepreneurs pointed to the barriers that in their opinion hinder cooperation. The barriers are as follows: budget constraints, law regulations or the deficiency of information about the possibility of establishing cooperation. The article presents the results of the study being a part of a project entitled “Cooperation of enterprises in the province Warmia and Mazury with business environment institutions and universities”. The project is financed as part of the Student Grant Rector competition of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.

Analysis of the Status Quo and Countermeasures of Logisticians in Land Engineering Scientific Research Units

In order to protect the land engineering research work smoothly, this paper takes shaanxi construction and engineering institute of technology as an example, analyzes the structure, age, gender and other structural components of the logistics personnel. For the related problems of logistics personnel management, it proposes countermeasures such as raising the awareness of teamwork, carrying out relevant professional knowledge training, and establishing a job evaluation mechanism.

Small Energy Efficient Systems: The Key to Energy Security of the EU

Purpose: The development of high computing power in a compact form factor in conjunction with alternative energy sources allows you to build “smart” energy networks even within a separate household, increasing energy efficiency and energy security. However, distributed energy is faced criticism for widespread implementation, as well as with other factors that do not allow accelerating the development of technologies. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to select and analyze the most effective tools for the functioning of distributed energy systems using the example of EU countries. Design/Methodology/Approach: The historical aspects of the development of small energy systems, the legislative definition and the range of possibilities of these systems, as well as the scientific and technological research units carried out using distributed energy systems, are considered in this research. Findings: The article actualizes the importance of alternative energy sources as one of the promising directions for the development of the energy system of EU countries. Practical Implications: Alternative energy is a key component of small energy technologies, due to environmental friendliness, adaptability and the ability to install almost any dimension of energy-generating equipment. Also, this energy source is inexhaustible, which means it reduces the energy dependence of countries on the extraction and/or import of raw materials for energy production and increases the energy security of the energy network. Originality/Value: It is worth noting that distributed energy has great potential for distribution and development in the long term, which is necessary to study all the positive and negative aspects of small energy systems in order to minimize the negative factors of small energy and strengthen the individual will opt for distributed energy and then disseminate successful experience everywhere.

Research on perfermance improvement of constructed wetland wastewater treatment system

Constructed wetland is a kind of wastewater ecological treatment technology. It has the advantages of low investment, convenient operation and management, stable water quality, and has certain landscape effects. Therefore, it is widely used in the field of wastewater treatment. However, this technology still has certain problems in practical engineering applications, such as irregular design and clogging, resulting in limited service life and processing performance of the wetland. The type selection of constructed wetlands, matrix type and particle size, plant type and configuration, and water inflow mode and operating parameters are the main factors affecting the operating life and purification effect of constructed wetlands. Based on the author’s practice, the article introduces in detail the current process structure, basic design methods and economic and technical comparison of constructed wetland wastewater treatment for reference by relevant scientific research and design units.

COSMO-SkyMed SAR for Detection and Monitoring of Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Sites

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery has long been used in archaeology since the earliest space radar missions in the 1980s. In the current scenario of SAR missions, the Italian Space Agency (ASI)’s COnstellation of small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) has peculiar properties that make this mission of potential use by archaeologists and heritage practitioners: high to very high spatial resolution, site revisit of up to one day, and conspicuous image archives over cultural heritage sites across the globe. While recent literature and the number of research projects using COSMO-SkyMed data for science and applied research suggest a growing interest in these data, it is felt that COSMO-SkyMed still needs to be further disseminated across the archaeological remote sensing community. This paper therefore offers a portfolio of use-cases that were developed in the last two years in the Scientific Research Unit of ASI, where COSMO-SkyMed data were analysed to study and monitor cultural landscapes and heritage sites. SAR-based applications in archaeological and cultural heritage sites in Peru, Syria, Italy, and Iraq, provide evidence on how subsurface and buried features can be detected by interpreting SAR backscatter, its spatial and temporal changes, and interferometric coherence, and how SAR-derived digital elevation models (DEM) can be used to survey surface archaeological features. The use-cases also showcase how high temporal revisit SAR time series can support environmental monitoring of land surface processes, and condition assessment of archaeological heritage and landscape disturbance due to anthropogenic impact (e.g., agriculture, mining, looting). For the first time, this paper provides an overview of the capabilities of COSMO-SkyMed imagery in StripMap Himage and Spotlight-2 mode to support archaeological studies, with the aim to encourage remote sensing scientists and archaeologists to search for and exploit these data for their investigations and research activities. Furthermore, some considerations are made with regard to the perspectives opened by the upcoming launch of ASI’s COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation constellation.

P23-F Re-examining the origin of medium latency reflex response of soleus using single motor units

Background This study is inquiring the origin of the medium latency reflex response (MLR) that occurs in soleus muscle when common peroneal nerve is electrically stimulated. Material and methods In total, 23 SingleMUs from 9 males were obtained. During SMU recruitment, 308 ± 141 stimuli were delivered. We investigated the duration of the inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) and excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). Results Common peroneal nerve stimulation resulted in M-response at SEMG of TA muscle and MLR in SOL-SEMG as well as accumulation of SMUs between 50 and 120 ms after the stimulus. A reduction in firing probability of SMUs was also observed and the reduction in discharge rate continued much longer than the spike reduction probability in PSTH and CUSUM. This reduction in discharge rate was followed by an increased discharge rate of SMUs. Duration of the IPSP obtained at PSF, 24.5 ± 6.3 ms, and the duration of EPSP, i.e. MLR, in PSF was found as 119.3 ± 54.3 The latency of EPSP was found higher in PSF and SEMG as 68.3 ± 9.9 ms and 74.5 ± 9.7 ms, than PSTH and MMU which were 56.3 ± 4.6 ms and 57.6 ± 4.2 ms, respectively. Conclusions There was a genuine Ia reciprocal inhibition followed by a stretch-induced reflex response in the SOL. The first response was due to the well-known Ia-IPSP pathway connecting antagonist muscles and the second response, the so-called MLR in the literature, was an indirect stretch reflex response caused by the M-response in the TA muscle. This Project (3135) was supported by Akdeniz University Scientific Research Unit .