Scientific Affairs Research Articles

Incidence and economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus among adults in the United States: A retrospective analysis using 2 insurance claims databases.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common, contagious, and seasonal pathogen causing 64 million acute respiratory infections annually in adults and children worldwide. High-risk adults, including older adults and those with cardiopulmonary conditions or weakened immune systems, are more likely to be infected. However, limited information exists on RSV incidence and associated costs among adults, including high-risk patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the annual incidence of medically attended, International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-coded RSV among commercially insured adults and assess health care costs among adults with ICD-coded RSV in the United States. METHODS: Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (January 01, 2007, to June 30, 2020) and IBM's MarketScan Databases (January 01, 2000, to July 31, 2020) were used. Medically attended, ICD-coded RSV incidence among adults was assessed from July 1 of a given year to June 30 of the next year and reported per 100,000 population. Trends in all-cause mean weekly costs pre-RSV and post-RSV diagnosis were reported. Results were reported overall and among patients aged 60-64 years, 65 years or older, 85 years or older, and 18-59 years at high risk of severe RSV (defined as having cardiopulmonary conditions or a weakened immune system). RESULTS: Annual incidence of medically attended, ICD-coded RSV in adults overall was 22.0-52.9 in Optum and 23.4-63.6 in MarketScan. Incidence rates were higher among patients aged 60-64 years (Optum: 25.2-66.1; MarketScan: 31.9-82.1), 65 years or older (Optum: 37.3-75.5; MarketScan: 54.1-97.3), 85 years or older (Optum: 92.4-140.6; MarketScan: 79.4-234.7), and 18-59 years at high risk of severe RSV (Optum: 41.3-135.9; MarketScan: 46.3-112.4). Mean weekly costs increased during the week before (Optum: $2,325; MarketScan: $2,080) and post-RSV diagnosis (Optum: $9,523; MarketScan: $3,551), compared with those in weeks 2-8 pre-RSV diagnosis (Optum: $1,350; MarketScan: $872). The increases in mean weekly costs during the week before and the week following RSV diagnosis were higher among patients aged 60-64 years (mean weekly costs in weeks 2-8 pre-RSV, week 1 pre-RSV, week 1 post-RSV; Optum: $1,623, $2,690, $10,823; MarketScan: $1,259, $2,992, $5,069), 65 years or older (Optum: $1,731, $3,067, $12,866; MarketScan: $1,517, $3,571, $5,268), 85 years or older (Optum: $1,563, $2,430, $18,134; MarketScan: $1,613, $4,113, $6,231), and 18-59 years at high risk of severe RSV (only for MarketScan: $1,237, $3,294, $5,531; costs were similar for Optum). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of medically attended, ICD-coded RSV in adults was 22.0-63.6 per 100,000 population, a likely underestimation since RSV was not systematically tested and only RSV-coded cases were observed. Incremental costs associated with RSV were substantial. Incidence rates and costs were higher among patients aged 60 years or older and patients at high risk of severe RSV. DISCLOSURES: This study was sponsored by Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC. The sponsor was involved in the study design, interpretation of results, manuscript preparation, and publication decisions. B. Brookhart and D. Anderson are employees of Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, and are stockholders of Johnson & Johnson. C. Rossi, B. Emond, J. Wang, P. Lefebvre, and M.-H. Lafeuille are employees of Analysis Group, Inc., a consulting company that has provided paid consulting services to Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, which funded the development and conduct of this study and manuscript. M. Mesa-Frias. and S. Drummond are former employees of Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC. L. Lamerato is an employee of Henry Ford Health System and received research funding from Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC.

The Busy Division of Scientific Affairs

Leadership Perspectives| May 2022 The Busy Division of Scientific Affairs Andrew D. Rosenberg, MD, FASA Andrew D. Rosenberg, MD, FASA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ASA Monitor May 2022, Vol. 86, 13–14. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASM.0000830800.95339.81 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Search Site Citation Andrew D. Rosenberg; The Busy Division of Scientific Affairs. ASA Monitor 2022; 86:13–14 doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASM.0000830800.95339.81 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll PublicationsASA Monitor Search Advanced Search Topics: carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, editorial board, happiness, knowledge acquisition, pain, patient safety, perioperative care, surgical procedures, operative, point-of-care ultrasonography, geriatric anesthesia As your Vice President for Scientific Affairs, it is my pleasure to provide you with an update of activities in the area of scientific affairs. I want to thank our ASA members and leaders who have worked so hard over the past year by demonstrating their incredible dedication and commitment to the care of patients while promoting science. The Division of Scientific Affairs is composed of five Sections: Clinical Care (Joy L. Hawkins, MD, FASA, Chair), Publications (Daniel J. Cole, MD, FASA, Chair), Annual Meeting (Santhanam Suresh, MD, FASA, Chair), Education and Research (David Martin, MD, PhD, FASA, Chair), and Subspecialties (Erin A. Sullivan, MD, FASA, Chair). Rounding out the Division, and also a component of the Committee on Professional Education Oversight, is representation from the Committee on Scientific Affairs headed by David Martin, MD, PhD, FASA, who is already on the committee. Within each of these sections are hard-working... You do not currently have access to this content.

Element of Surprise: San Diego Biotech Seeks to Disrupt Next-Gen Sequencing Space

Element of Surprise: San Diego Biotech Seeks to Disrupt Next-Gen Sequencing Space

CPNP 2022 Annual Meeting Poster Abstracts

CPNP 2022 Annual Meeting Poster Abstracts

News of Zubarah Family- Unionists in Nishapur and their Scientific Contributions in the two Centuries (4-6 AH/10-12 AD)

This research is concerned with qualitatively studying the history of an ancient family, one of the most prominent noble, Alawite families, that assumed the position of the Student Union for the Alawite Supervision in the city of Nishapur in Khorasan during the centries (4-6 H./ 10-12 A.H.). Thus, the research aims to investgate the historical news, and the outstanding Zubarah figures who experience the supereme the religious, historical and scientific position in Khorasan generally and Nishapur particularily. It further aims at arriving at the true meaning of the name Zubarah, and to whom it was called, and the extent of this family’s affiliation to the noble Alawi House, and how they moved to live and settle in the cities of the East, including Tabaristan and Abe, then Nishapur, and the establishment of the Alawi and student union to manage the affairs of the honorable gentlemen, take care of them to preserve lineage from confusion, and to look into religious, social and scientific affairs. Thus, the importance of the research lies in knowing everything related to the Zubarah family and what they presented during their presence in the position of the student union in the East in the service of the Prophet and the upper house. The research is like reviving a mention of the glories of this family with a pioneering role in Khorasan, especially the cities of Nishapur and Bayhaq. The research ends with a set of conclusions, such as: the name of Zubarah family goes back to its elder grandfather, Mohammad Al-Akbar, nicknamed Zubarah. This is because when he got angery on right things, his voice got higher and his face got redder, like a lion when he roars. Their affinity goes back to Al-Husseini Alawi House. Zubarah family had many followers in Nishapur and Bayhaq, who had a religious and social role and distinguished scientific contributions in various sciences and knowledge.

Spotlight on optimizing clinical development strategy

Jill O’Donnell-Tormey, PhD is chief executive officer and director of scientific affairs of the Cancer Research Institute, a nonprofit organization founded in 1953 that is today the global leader in supporting and coordinating research aimed at harnessing the immune system’s power to conquer all cancers. She joined the organization in 1987 and has been chief executive since 1993. Prior to joining Cancer Research Institute, she served as a research associate in the department of medicine at Cornell University Medical College and as a postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of cellular physiology and immunology at The Rockefeller University.

Shopping smart: Look for the Seal

Shopping for oral health care products can be overwhelming. There are hundreds of products to help with your daily oral health care, like toothpaste, toothbrushes, and products to help you clean between your teeth. You also can choose from a number of mouthrinses, denture products, water filters, and many more. How can you select products that are safe and effective? Look for the American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance (Seal) (Figure). The ADA Seal of Acceptance program is overseen by the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and for 90 years has identified oral health care products that are safe and effective. Manufacturers that choose to participate in the program submit scientific evidence to the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs to prove that their products meet various ADA Seal requirements. A product submission must include data from clinical or laboratory studies that demonstrate safety and efficacy. In addition, manufacturers must provide scientific proof to support certain product benefits, such as fighting cavities. For example, if a toothpaste is advertised as helping prevent cavities, the manufacturer must present data supporting that claim. The ADA Seal is awarded for a 5-year period. If the manufacturer changes the composition of an accepted product during that time, the company must submit updated chemical and safety data before it can continue to carry the ADA Seal. There are more than 400 products with the ADA Seal in more than 20 categories, such as toothpastes, toothbrushes, and mouthrinses. No matter what you are shopping for, the ADA Seal can point you in the right direction. For a full list of ADA Seal products, visit MouthHealthy.org/Seal or look for the ADA Seal wherever dental health items are sold. You have a number of products to choose from when shopping for oral health care items. To help in making a decision, look for the ADA Seal. It is a sign that the product is safe and effective when used as directed and meets the performance claims made on the product’s label.

Class II Skeletal Growth Modification Treatment: Has Hope Triumphed Over Evidence?

The hierarchy of evidence in the health sciences is primarily determined by study methodology and avoidance of systematic bias. As such, the systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials sits at the top of the evidence pyramid while case studies, anecdotes, and personal opinions are located at its base. Ideally, clinical practice guidelines and reference manuals should be developed with this hierarchy in mind and clearly state what level of evidence supports any given clinical recommendation. When there is inadequate evidence to guide a clinical recommendation, we need to clearly state that. Unfortunately, many clinicians do not differentiate between the levels of evidence and consequently elevate highly biased studies to the level of the randomized controlled trial. Nowhere is this more evident than in the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Councils on Clinical Affairs' and Scientific Affairs' Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry best practice statement on the management of the Class II malocclusion.

Early and Late Recurrent Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome: Meta-Analysis and Implications in Trial Design†

Lead Author's Financial Disclosures G.C. has receieved research grant support to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School from Portola Pharmaceuticals, Bayer, Janssen Scientific Affairs, and CSL Beh-ring. Study Funding CSL Behring. Background/Synopsis Despite optimal medical therapy, a substantial residual atherosclerotic risk exists among patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Objective/Purpose This study aimed to estimate the risk of early and late major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and address its implications in trial design. Methods A comprehensive search was performed to collect phase III interventional trials on high-risk ACS patients. Pooled event rates at 90 and 360 days were estimated with meta-analytic approaches by fitting a random-effects model using the DerSimonian-Laird method. Using the log-rank test (n=10,000; 1-sided α=0.025)), the relationship between power and relative risk reduction (RRR) or absolute risk reduction (ARR) was explored for early vs. late MACE endpoint. Results A total of 82,727 high-risk patients with recent ACS from 7 trials were analyzed. Pooled rates of recurrent MACE were 4.1% (95% CI: 3.0% to 5.7%) at 90 days and 8.3% (95% CI: 7.1% to 9.8%) at 360 days. Approximately 49% of events occurred within the first 90 days. To attain 90% statistical power, a lower RRR is required for late MACE (22% vs. 30%), whereas a lower ARR is required for early MACE (1.2% vs. 1.8%). Conclusions The initial 90-day window after an ACS event represents a vulnerable period for recurrent MACE. From a trial design perspective, determining a clinically important benefit by relative vs. absolute risk reduction may influence the choice between early vs. late MACE as the study endpoint. G.C. has receieved research grant support to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School from Portola Pharmaceuticals, Bayer, Janssen Scientific Affairs, and CSL Beh-ring.

Real-world analysis of insurance churn among young adults with schizophrenia using the Colorado All-Payer Claims Database.

BACKGROUND: Most patients with schizophrenia are diagnosed in their early twenties and often have commercial insurance at diagnosis. These young adults can experience changes in insurance coverage, that is, "churn," which can lead to disruptions in care. OBJECTIVE: To examine the frequency, speed, and type of insurance churn events in a young adult schizophrenia population with commercial insurance coverage at diagnosis. METHODS: The Colorado All-Payer Claims Database, containing insurance claims data from commercial and public insurers for Colorado residents, was used for the study. Eligible patients were required to have at least 1 inpatient or 2 outpatient claims for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, be of age 18-34 years at index, have previous insurance coverage for 12 consecutive months, and have commercial insurance at diagnosis. These patients were 1:5 propensity score matched (PSM) with nonschizophrenia members. Percentages of members on different insurance types were calculated monthly to assess churn events. Cohorts were compared using descriptive statistics, Cox proportional hazards, and generalized estimating equation models. RESULTS: The matched schizophrenia and nonschizophrenia cohorts comprised 501 and 2,510 members, respectively. Before PSM, cohorts were imbalanced (schizophrenia cohort had a younger median age and higher proportion of males). After matching, the cohorts were similar in terms of the matched baseline characteristics. Previous mental health disorders were more common in the schizophrenia cohort (75%) than in the nonschizophrenia cohort (26%). The proportion of members with at least 1 churn event for the schizophrenia and nonschizophrenia cohorts, respectively, were 53.8% vs 36.5% after 12 months and 84.6% vs 69.2% after 48 months. Time to first churn event was significantly shorter in the schizophrenia cohort (16 months) than the nonschizophrenia cohort (23 months; P < 0.001). Schizophrenia cohort members had 64.1 and 56.8 churn events per 1,000 members per month vs 43.0 (P ≤ 0.001) and 42.8 (P = 0.011) churn events for nonschizophrenia cohort members in the first and second 6-month periods, respectively. Proportions of members in the schizophrenia and nonschizophrenia cohorts on public insurance, respectively, were 22.9% vs 6.9% after 12 months and 52.4% and 10.7% after 48 months. In the schizophrenia cohort, the most common churn event type was from commercial to public insurance rather than to a different commercial insurance; notably, 41% of members were still on a commercial plan 4 years after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Young adults with schizophrenia experienced churn events more rapidly and more frequently than those without schizophrenia for the first 4 years studied after the index date. These disruptions may be associated with reduced access to care and treatment gaps in this vulnerable patient population. DISCLOSURES: This research was sponsored by Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC. Pesa, Benson, and Patel are employees of Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, and are stockholders of Johnson & Johnson. Potluri, Rotter, and Papademetriou are employees of SmartAnalyst Inc, and their work on this study was funded by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. A version of this study was presented as a poster at the Psych Congress 2020 Virtual Experience, September 10-13, 2020.

Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions: Henry l. Roediger III.

The Awards for Distinguished Scientific Contributions are presented to persons who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, have made distinguished theoretical or empirical contributions to basic research in psychology. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For outstanding contributions to understanding human memory and cognition, and his leadership in advancing experimental psychology. Through careful experimentation and scholarship, Henry L. Roediger has consistently identified and driven major areas of research that have important theoretical implications and inform our understanding of the human condition. He elucidated the surprising fallibility of human memory, revealed powerful implicit influences on memory, and showed that memory tests do more than evaluate-they facilitate future retrieval. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions: Megan R. Gunnar.

The Awards for Distinguished Scientific Contributions are presented to persons who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, have made distinguished theoretical or empirical contributions to basic research in psychology. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For her seminal contributions to elucidating the associations between stress response systems and human behavioral development; for linking these associations to our understanding of how early caregiver experiences moderate stress physiology and facilitate coping in young children; for translating our knowledge about early biopsychosocial development to inform child care policies pertinent to children and adolescents; and for making substantive theoretical contributions to developmental science. Megan R. Gunnar has ushered new ways of thinking about stress to the field of psychology as well as provided strong and generous scientific leadership, leaving a lasting and inspiring impact on psychological science. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Applications of Psychology.

The Award for Distinguished Scientific Applications of Psychology is presented to a person who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, has made distinguished theoretical or empirical advances leading to the understanding or amelioration of important practical problems. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology: Daisy R. Singla.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into 10 areas: animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; psychopathology; behavioral and cognitive neuroscience; perception/motor performance; social; applied research; and individual differences. Five areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in two-year cycles. The areas considered in 2021 were animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; and psychopathology. Each year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For innovative research in the area of global mental health with an emphasis on improving access to evidence-based psychological therapies to historically under-served populations. Daisy R. Singla has emerged as a leader in the strategy of task-sharing of interventions to non-specialist providers, and her work spans the design of culturally adapted interventions, the assessment of competencies, and the implementation of measurement-based peer supervision, in the context of large pragmatic clinical trials in real-world settings in three continents. Her work also incorporates rigorous tests of moderation and mediation in the process of reducing inequities in access to evidence-based mental health care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology: Dobromir Rahnev.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into 10 areas: animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; psychopathology; behavioral and cognitive neuroscience; perception/motor performance; social; applied research; and individual differences. Five areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in two-year cycles. The areas considered in 2021 were animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; and psychopathology. Each year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For outstanding contributions to the fields of perceptual decision making and visual metacognition. Dobromir Rahnev's work has revealed the determinants of subjective evaluation in perceptual tasks, the sources of metacognitive inefficiency, and the neural implementation of the control of perceptual decision making in the prefrontal cortex. Rahnev's research on the suboptimality of perception is beginning to shift the role of optimality in the field. He creatively combines computational modeling, functional neuroimaging, brain stimulation, and psychophysics, while his dedication to the principles of open science has resulted in the creation of large repositories of open data such as the Confidence Database. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions: Lisa Feldman Barrett.

The Awards for Distinguished Scientific Contributions are presented to persons who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, have made distinguished theoretical or empirical contributions to basic research in psychology. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For her groundbreaking contributions to affective science. Lisa Feldman Barrett's theory of constructed emotion has challenged prevailing views of emotions as basic and universal and has created much needed dialogue and innovation. In her work, she models a creative approach to doing psychology that freely ranges over the full breadth of the field, drawing insights from philosophy, biology, anthropology, linguistics, law, and beyond. Her work employs a wide variety of behavioral and brain measures, and she has been a driving force in methodological innovation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology: Laura B. Zahodne.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into 10 areas: animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; psychopathology; behavioral and cognitive neuroscience; perception/motor performance; social; applied research; and individual differences. Five areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in two-year cycles. The areas considered in 2021 were animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; and psychopathology. Each year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For her seminal contributions to the understanding of individual differences in cognitive aging and Alzheimer's disease, particularly in relation to racial and ethnic inequalities. Laura B. Zahodne's work has provided foundational knowledge concerning the environmental factors that underlie persistent racial disparities in late-life cognition. Specifically, she showed that social stress (e.g., discrimination) independently contributes to cognitive inequalities. Moreover, she identified variables that protect against cognitive aging, including education and social support; thus, her work identifies potential targets for intervention. Through her rigorous and innovative research, she is addressing issues that are among the most critical facing society. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology: Brian A. Anderson.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into 10 areas: animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; psychopathology; behavioral and cognitive neuroscience; perception/motor performance; social; applied research; and individual differences. Five areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in two-year cycles. The areas considered in 2021 were animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; and psychopathology. Each year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For his outstanding and pioneering work on the role of learning in automatic attentional biases. Brian A. Anderson's development of methodologies to study attentional capture by stimuli associated with reward gave rise to the popular idea of an overarching learning-dependent mechanism of attentional control referred to as 'selection history.' His programmatic and prolific exploration of these phenomena using both behavioral and neuroscientific methods has revealed multiple independent learning mechanisms influencing attentional control. A tireless, creative and dedicated researcher, his work has important translational implications for behavioral health and our understanding of addiction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology: Molly J. Crockett.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into 10 areas: animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; psychopathology; behavioral and cognitive neuroscience; perception/motor performance; social; applied research; and individual differences. Five areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in two-year cycles. The areas considered in 2021 were animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; and psychopathology. Each year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For distinguished contributions to the psychology of human morality; for exquisite experiments that shed light on the social, cognitive, and neuroscientific processes leading people to decide whether to help or harm, to punish or extend grace, to trust or to condemn. Through the deployment of a vast and impressive methodological toolkit, Molly J. Crockett's work has unearthed basic principles of both moral cognition and behavior, in the lab and the world, that ultimately will inform interventions to increase our prosocial tendencies and reduce our more damning ones. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Award for Distinguished Scientific Applications of Psychology: James H. Sidanius.

The Award for Distinguished Scientific Applications of Psychology is presented to a person who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, has made distinguished theoretical or empirical advances leading to the understanding or amelioration of important practical problems. The 2021 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2020 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2020 Committee on Scientific Awards. For profound contributions to social, personality, and political psychology. Crossing levels of analysis from social science to evolutionary biology, James H. Sidanius's work is exemplary on theoretical,methodological, and empirical grounds and is widely regarded for its societal significance. He used sophisticated statistical techniques to analyze the cognitive-motivational basis of political ideology and the role of racial resentment in public opinion. He was an early advocate and practitioner of collecting data from different societies and cultures. The development of social dominance theory represents a milestone in the scientific understanding of intergroup dynamics, social hierarchy, and the psychology of oppression. His work was often provocative and controversial, and he played a key role in important debates concerning racism, sexism, and world politics. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).