School Football Team Research Articles

Aseptic Meningitis Among Members of a High School Football Team

During the period Sept 1 through Oct 1, 1978, an outbreak of enteroviral illness affected 43 (70%) of the 61 members of a high school football team. Thirty-three (54%) had symptoms of aseptic meningitis, a diagnosis confirmed for each of seven players hospitalized. Echovirus 16 was recovered from a throat swab of one hospitalized player and from the CSF of another. Enteroviruses isolated from stool specimens taken after the illness from other ill players and from stool specimens of non-ill team members were also identified as echovirus 16. A survey among students not on the team showed an attack rate for enteroviral-like illness that was half that experienced by team members during the same period. Symptoms reported by nonteam members were less severe. Only 10% had an aseptic meningitis-like syndrome, and none were hospitalized. Membership on the school football team was associated with an increased attack rate of illness and a greater risk for aseptic meningitis developing.

Aseptic meningitis among members of a high school football team. An outbreak associated with echovirus 16 infection

Aseptic meningitis among members of a high school football team. An outbreak associated with echovirus 16 infection

Factors Affecting Interracial Cooperation: A Case Study of a High School Football Team

Factors Affecting Interracial Cooperation: A Case Study of a High School Football Team

Inflation and Agricultural Finance: Discussion

On my high school football team was a large, slow defensive guard who sat on the bench most of the time while a smaller, more agile fellow enjoyed the action. In response to town-folk criticism about his personnel deployment, my coach responded: I'd rather get there with a little than not get there with a lot. I will try to follow that prescription by focusing on one point which appeared in all three of these interesting papers. This lack of attention to the many other points in the papers should not be construed as agreement or disagreement, only a lack of time and space to respond. Klinefelter, Penson, and Fraser began their paper with a review of inflation-causing factors and lender responses to greater and more uncertain inflation, such as shorter-term loans and variable or renegotiable interest rates. The best example of this response to uncertain inflation has been the Farm Credit System's adoption of variable interest rates as early as the late 1960s. It should be evident that adopting variable interest rates and renegotiable rates result in all borrowers paying a more nearly equal rate. Moreover, if cost to borrowers is based on a weighted cost of funds obtained by the lenders, such as is the case with the Farm Credit System, interest rates will respond rather sluggishly to inflationary (deflationary) pressures. This suggests that, as all three papers appear to agree, inflation has differing impacts over time on input and output prices received by farmers. I will return to the implication of this point later. Lins and Duncan discuss more explicitly the point made earlier. Inflation does not affect all prices equally, although for the unfortunate farmers, prices paid appear to respond more to upward pressures than prices received. But lacking from Lins' table of correlations was the correlation with interest rates. If interest rates

A Comparison of the Effects of Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement Schedules on Work Performance and Circulatory Stress in 30 Members of a High School Football Team

The effects of administration of glucose-electrolyte solution using three different schedules of administration were investigated in 30 high school football players. Environmental conditions during the experiment were 90-95 degrees and 60-62% relative humidity. Schedule I consisted of consumption of fluid ad libitum. Schedule 2 consisted of administration of 120 milliliters of fluid every 15 minutes. Schedule 3 consisted of administration of 240 milliliters of fluid every 15 minutes. Fluid consumption during schedule 1 was 0.8 1 liters, 0.96 liters during schedule 2, and 1.92 liters during schedule 3. Regardless of the schedule followed, weight loss remained approximately 3 kilograms. This deficit of fluid volume was reflected in all groups as a decrease in VO2max.VO2max decreased 31% in schedule 1, and 25 and 23% in schedules 2 and 3, respectively. Physical performance, also measured by time needed to complete a 300-meter obstacle course, increased 36% in schedule 1 and decreased 13 and 28% in schedules 2 and 3, respectively.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1980;1(3):153-158.

Injury prediction in the young athlete: a preliminary report.

Joint flexibility and laxity as measured by 5 indices among 2,300 West Point cadets demonstrated no statistical relationship to joint injuries, or the need for surgical intervention resulting from injuries sustained in general athletic competition involving the ankle, knee, shoulder, or elbow. Similarly, no relationships were seen in a high school and collegiate football team. Parameters of flexibility vary significantly among different athletic population groups as related to age, sex, and type of athletic activity in which the individual is participating. In that part of the study conducted during the 1975 football season, the 16PF showed some potential for predicting injuries. However, stronger relationships between predictor and criterion variables must be established in the future before injury predisposition counseling is a possibility. Hopefully, continuing study will bring this into being and will extend to younger and younger individuals and other population groups. This would facilitate the development of an injury profile index to assist in the counseling of athletes into sports where their individual traits are protective and beneficial, rather than detrimental.

The Use of Linear-Model Methodology to Rate High School or College Football Teams

Abstract A procedure for rating high school or college football teams is developed by applying linear-model methodology to the point spread for each game. The model includes effects for the home-field advantage and for the mean performance levels of the participating teams. The procedure can be modified to use only win-loss information or to ignore victory margins greater than a given margin. When applied to the results of the 1975 college football season, it produced predictions whose accuracy compares favorably with those of sportswriters and bookmakers.

The Use of Linear-Model Methodology to Rate High School or College Football Teams

The Use of Linear-Model Methodology to Rate High School or College Football Teams

Conceited talk: a test of hypotheses.

Modesty, pride, and conceit may be understood as variations in the expression of personal esteem, which are manifested most richly in talk about the achievements of self and others. An earlier paper defined, described, and interrelated these three modes and set out some of the situational and structural conditions for their appearance. A field experiment was designed to test three hypotheses derived from this preliminary statement: (I) Conceited talk by a person about his achievements and the related achievements of others, as perceived by the audience, occurs more frequently when the audience is seen by the speaker as composed of people whose achievements in the activity in question are equal to or below his than when their achievements are clearly superior. (II) Talk by a person about his achievements and the related achievements of others identified as conceit by the audience is labeled as pride or even modesty by the speaker. (III) Conceit in sociable conversation is less frequent, regardless of level of achievement, than pride or modesty. Judgments of modesty, pride, and conceit in conversations about athletic achievement made by 2 control groups ( ns = 16, 12) of peers on high school and college football teams were compared with similar judgments of conversations made by two experimental groups ( ns = 15, 11) identically constituted except for the presence of a professional star. Hypotheses II and III are confirmed. The data do not support Hypothesis I, although they indirectly support an alternative proposition.

Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies.

The tendency to in reflected (BIRG) by publicly announcing one's associations with successful others was investigated in three field experiments. All three studies showed this effect to occur even though the person striving to bask in the glory of a successful source was not involved in the cause of the source's success. Experiment 1 demonstrated the BIRG phenomenon by showing a greater tendency for university students to wear schoolidentifying apparel after their school's football team had been victorious than nonvictorious. Experiments 2 and 3 replicated this effect by showing that students used the pronoun tee more when describing a victory than a nonvktory of their school's football team. A model was developed asserting that the BIRG response represents an attempt to enhance one's public image. Experiments 2 and 3 indicated, in support of this assertion, that the tendency to proclaim a connection with a positive source was strongest when one's publk image was threatened.

Editorial: Sports and streaking.

Physicians, like other normal persons, have an abiding interest in athletic competitions. For most physicians, the interest is purely vicarious as spectators, but not for all. At the national level, the AMA Committee on Medical Aspects of Sports has sponsored annual conferences that have had an important influence on promoting safety in equipment, methodology, and usage for sports adventures. JAMA has honored the Olympic Games with special issues, the last published Aug 28, 1972. On the local level, some physicians have given unstintingly and without monetary recompense of their time as team physicians for high school football teams. An example is Julian P. Price, MD, pediatrician, past trustee of the AMA Board of Trustees, who served 14 years as advisor, partial coach, and healer to the high school football team in his home town, Florence, SC. For the professional athletes, of course, physicians are serving more or less full time,

An autobiographical sketch.

Photograph taken by Frank Agee, a colleague, on the occasion oí Dr. Hodges's eightieth birthday celebration in Gainesville, FIa. AN AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH* PAULC. HODGESi I. The Family a. my father My parents, Dr. Fred Jenner Hodges and Josephine Chesley Hodges, lived in Anderson, Indiana, at the time my twin sister, Virginia, and I were born, January 6, 1893. An older brother, Robert, had died in infancy, and a younger, Fred Jenner, Jr., born December 19, 1895, lives in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where for many years he was professor and chairman of radiology. Virginia, married to Frank Moulton, engineer and architect, lives in Madison, Wisconsin. At age 18, father received the B.Sc. degree from Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, served there two years as graduate instructor in chemistry, and for the year 1886-1887 was a graduate student at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. One year later, March 27, 1888, he received the M.D. degree from Chicago Medical College, Northwestern University, Chicago. Together with such associates as James B. Herrick and Ludvig Hektoen he served at Cook County Hospital, Chicago, as intern and then as what today would be termed resident in which capacity he numbered among his teachers Christian Fenger and Nicholas Senn. On completion of hospital service, he married Josephine Chesley on March 30, 1890, and departed shortly for Anderson, Indiana, where newly tapped natural gas pockets were stimulating a boom in manufacturing. By 1897, the gas gave out, depression ensued, and Fred Hodges with wife, children, father, one-seater carriage, and Kentucky mare "Kate" moved by rail to Ashland, Wisconsin, to join mother's brother-in-law, William T. Rinehart, M.D., in a blossoming medical and surgical practice. Four years later, at age 36 and only 13 years into what promised to be a brilliant medical career, father died of septicemia resulting from a finger infection acquired in performing an autopsy, complicated perhaps by typhoid. At that time, throughout the world it was commonplace for communities to discharge their raw sewage into the same bodies of water * A different version of this sketch, abbreviated from the original by Dr. Clyde M. Williams, was published in Pharos, vol. 36, no. I (January 1973). t Address: P. O. Box 308, Palmetto, Florida 33561. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine · Autumn 1973 | 17 from which they obtained their water supply. In the case of Ashland this was Chequamegon Bay, an arm of Lake Superior, and the winter of 1900-1901 saw a severe typhoid epidemic. My sister and I were among its victims and barely survived. .Shortly after arriving in Ashland my father, with the assistance of Dr. Rinehart (Uncle Will), launched a bimonthly medical journal called the Western Clinical Recorder—the first number appearing January 1899, the last, August 1900. Before the editorial work for further issues had been completed, my father's fatal illness intervened and Uncle Will, despite his numerous attributes, was not the man to carry on publication alone. The Rinehart Hospital in Ashland had been built 10 years before our family's arrival from Indiana, and for the 3 years preceding his death father operated it jointly with Uncle Will and with him added a large new section. The operation was a family affair. Annie Rinehart (mother's eldest sister) was business manager; their youngest sister, Mary (called Molly), operated "the drug room"; and mother was in charge of student nurses, supervised the sterilization of instruments and the preparation and sterilization of dressings, and helped with anesthesia. Father kept office hours in an office "downtown"; made house calls; did surgery; occasionally drove "Kate" the 12 miles to Odanah, an Indian reservation; organized , conducted, and played the B flat cornet in a chamber music group; played tennis whenever he could find a partner; fished for trout and muskellunge; hunted grouse and deer; and edited his medical magazine. He belonged to and was active in the affairs of several fraternal orders, helped coach the high school football team, and was division surgeon for a railroad and an insurance company. I was only 8 years old at his death, held him in admiration and affection, and, as I grew up, was taught to and...

Inferential Puzzles

Some of the problems which come under the heading of “ inferential puzzles ” are useful for illustrating a varied selection of topics in modern mathematics. Consider the following problem.Tom, Dick and Harry are married to Jane, Mary and Susan, but not necessarily in that order. Each couple has one child; the children's names are Alan, Brenda, and Charlie.(i) Mary's child and Harry's child are the two stars of the school football team.(ii) Tom's son is not Alan.(iii) Dick's wife is not Susan.Find who are the parents of each child.This problem, unlike some of its type, is easily solved by a straightforward commonsense argument.

Kilgore, Texas: An Oil Boom Town

A STRIDE the eastern boundary of the great East Texas is Kilgore, a thriving boom city which evolved in response to recent development of the petroleum industry there. Under the abounding stimulation of gusher field exploitation, the place grew from an agricultural village into an aspiring city of several thousand inhabitants within a few weeks. Public improvements secured during the first year include a city government, city hall and jail, street lights, water and sewer mains, a police force, a fire department, many new streets, a block of paving in the business district, and several new public schools. There is an active chamber of commerce, a retail merchants' association, an energetic Lions club, a progressive daily newspaper, an American Legion post, a charity association, a high school football team, and other characteristic urban organizations. Rows of attractive new business structures house a variety of retail stores, shops, and cafes; and there are hotels, garages, printing shops, and many professional businesses. An aggregation of field supply houses, lumber yards, and machine shops is located along the railway track. Residential sections are grouped about the central business district, and extend outward to the margins of the city. In general they are poorly developed, being occupied by oil field shacks, tents, and improvised dwellings of various sorts. Some attractive new homes and the frame cottages of the former village stand majestically among these tiny residences, and along main traffic routes there are cafes, grocery stores, meat markets, automobile service stations, and other small businesses. Such residential development extends outward to agricultural land on the eastern border of the city, while on the west it is interspersed with derricks, torches, separators, storage tanks, and miscellaneous field phenomena. The separator of the field is a cylindrical tank so constructed that it separates the natural gas and the petroleum as they flow from the well. Ordinarily it discharges the natural gas into a torch or flare and directs the petroleum into a pipe line.