Life Of Schoolchildren Research Articles

Bridging the Digital Divide through Schools

The Internet has become increasingly an important source of information for pupils in learning, entertainment, sharing and exchanging experiences with other peers, meeting with adults and learning about other cultures. The Internet is a major force in the lives of school children and is no doubt having a tremendous influence on their reading habits and information seeking behaviour. With increased Internet connectivity however, concerns are being raised about the widening imbalances of access to ICTs between north information haves and the information have nots countries. This imbalance known as the digital divide has implications in terms of equity access to quality education in an electronic age. In Africa there are limited programmes that address in particular how schools can be equipped to benefit from the digital age and at the same time be used as an important instrument to bridge the digital divide. The concept digital divide was coined to describe the imbalance in access to information and communication technologies by different communities of people between different countries of the world. This phenomenon is today known to exist within individual countries, cities and even communities. Today schools are being seen as one of the most salient infrastructure that can be used to bridge the digital divide in our midst. This paper looks at developments in Africa aimed at bridging the digital divide through schools.

Association Between Malocclusion and Academic Performance Among Mongolian Adolescents

Objective: Malocclusion has been reported to affect the daily lives of schoolchildren adversely, but little is known regarding the association between malocclusion and academic performance. We aimed to investigate the association between malocclusion and academic performance among adolescents in Mongolia.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 767 students aged 7–16 years from two public schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Three orthodontists evaluated the need for malocclusion treatment in the participants and determined the type of malocclusion using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and dental casts. The academic scores of study participants in 20 subjects were provided by their schools. Z-scores within subjects were calculated and aggregated into both overall and in six groups of subject categories comprised of mathematics, science, social science, language, arts, and physical education. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between malocclusion, malocclusion type, and academic score adjusted for gender, age, school, and family income.Results: Of the 767 students, 32.6% had malocclusion, and dental crowding was the most prevalent type (162 cases, 21.1%). Malocclusion was not significantly associated with the z-score of overall academic score [coefficient: 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.11 to 0.19]; however, dental crowding was significantly associated with the overall academic score (coefficient: −0.19, 95% CI: −0.35 to −0.03), after adjusting for covariates. Other types of malocclusion were not associated with academic scores. Among the six subject categories, arts (coefficient: −0.20, 95% CI: −0.36 to −0.04) and physical education (coefficient: −0.24, 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.07) were significantly associated with dental crowding.Conclusions: Schoolchildren in Mongolia with dental crowding may be prone to poor academic performance, particularly in arts and physical education classes. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether the treatment of crowding boosts academic performance.

Developmental coordination disorder and its impact on health-related quality of life in school children.

Developmental coordination disorder and its impact on health-related quality of life in school children.

Підготовка майбутніх учителів початкової школи до профілактики проявів булінгу серед школярів

The article reveals the main aspects of preparing future primary school teachers for the prevention of bullying among schoolchildren. The content of psychological and physical forms of bullying in an educational institution is determined, the mechanisms of manifestation of signs of violence in the educational process according to D. Olveus are characterized; the indicators of the readiness of future teachers to prevent bullying in the educational space of an elementary school are determined, the role structure of bullying is revealed. The directions of the formation of competencies in the course of preparing future primary school teachers for the prevention of bullying are characterized: formation of competencies for involving junior schoolchildren in information campaigns of educational institutions, psychological and pedagogical trainings and individual programs for prevention of bullying; formation of competencies for conducting interactive forms of learning, which will provide an opportunity to develop skills and abilities of effective dialogic interaction with all participants in the educational process; formation of competencies to involve parents in trainings-seminars, thematic conversations, psychological and pedagogical games that will increase pedagogical awareness, literacy of all participants in the educational process in aspects of anti-bullying education of children. Thus, the generalization of scientific positions on the process of violence and bullying makes it possible to define it as a long-term and systematic aggression, which can take physical and psychological forms, make up a large part of the social life of primary school children.

Reopening of schools in the COVID-19 affected areas: Considerations and suggested recommendations

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic accounted for massive interruptions in the lives of all the age-groups of people and the same stands true for school-going children. Although, the decision of closure of schools was taken to ensure overall well-being and safety of children, but we have to acknowledge the fact that it has resulted in a negative impact on education, health status, development, family income and the economy of the nation at large. It has been advocated that educational facilities should be closed only when there are no other options available. In-fact, the policy makers have been advised to plan and implement a set of measures at different levels to negate the possibility of introduction and onward spread of the infection in schools as well as in the local community. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the lives of school children and it is high time that we take evidence-based decision to ensure schools are reopened. However, a lot of preparedness and risk mitigation efforts need to be taken to ensure the safety of children as well as the community.

Pediatric voice-related quality of life and acoustic analysis of voice: a study in schoolchildren

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the self-reported voice-related quality of life of schoolchildren without voice complaints and correlate it to acoustic parameters of voice. Methods: the research population comprised 31 children, mean age 6.5 (±0.17) years. The children’s perception of their voice-related quality of life was verified with the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life Survey, which has 10 closed-ended questions and three domains. The acoustic parameters assessed were fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, and noise rate, besides the phonatory deviation diagram, based on the analysis of the emission of the sustained vowel /ɛ/ for 5 seconds. Results: all the children obtained scores close to 100% in the three domains of the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life Survey. As for the acoustic parameters, most of them presented abnormal values in the phonatory deviation diagram and in shimmer. There was a difference between girls and boys only in fundamental frequency. Conclusion: the pediatric self-reported voice-related quality of life of the children studied had a positive impact, despite the acoustic changes found in the voices. There was no correlation between the pediatric voice-related quality of life and the acoustic parameters in voice in the group studied.

Violencia escolar y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en niños de escuelas primarias

The objective of this article is to analyze the dimensions of school violence and its impact on the health-related quality of life of primary school children at social risk in the city of Saltillo, Coahuila. The methodology used is quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, prospective and descriptive. The information was collected through two instruments, CUVE3-EP to measure School Violence and KIDSCREEN-27 for Health-Related Quality of Life, where 416 children aged 5 and 6 were taken as a sample. Primary education. The sampling method used is convenience sampling. The statistical techniques used were descriptive, correlational and comparative. The contribution of the study starts from the identification of the different types of school violence and its association with the quality of life of primary school children. Being verbal violence between students a factor that decreases psychological well-being, as well as their autonomy and relationship with parents.

Parents about School: from Factors Choice of Educational Institutions to the Real Information Children's School Life

Introduction. Large-scale reforms in the system of domestic school education in recent years have led to an increase in the importance of the role of parents as subjects of educational policy. The modern school, responding to the changes that have taken place in the interaction of the family and the educational institution, has begun to actively address research requests to parents in order to clarify their views on various aspects of the work of the school and the study of children. The purpose of the paper, therefore, is to illustrate examples of research requests from schools inSt Petersburg with a description of the factors of choosing an educational institution by parents, their awareness of various aspects of a child's life, assessing the size of the study load and student's attitude to school. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the content of the tools used, the peculiarities of constructing the sample used in data collection, as well as the duration of the study.Methodology and sources. The empirical basis of the study is the results of long-term surveys of parents of schoolchildren in grades 4, 9, 11 from 73 schools inSt Petersburg. Surveys were carried out between 2013 and 2019, according to the same methodology and tools for educational institutions. The total data set includes 4278 respondents. The selection of schools for the survey was carried out at random each year of the study. Correctional schools of various profiles were excluded from the sample.Results and discussion. The results of the study showed that the closeness of the school to home and a strong teaching staff are the most significant factors that play a decisive role in choosing a school, according to the parents’ opinion. Almost half of the respondents do not express their feelings about the size of the school load, considering it optimal. Only 10.8 % of parents consider the current school load to be excessively high. More than 20.0 % of parents do not have sufficient information about the child's relationship with teachers, the same number are poorly informed about his or her friends and acquaintances.Conclusion. With all the variety of problems that arise today in the relationship between the school and parents, the study nevertheless recorded a positive tone of parental responses, who are mostly satisfied with the choice of school, teachers, the existing psychological climate, etc. Parents who took part in surveys, revealing the point of view of students, they report that children go to school more often with interest and joy, they have many friends there, and in the family, they tell more good things about their educational institution than vice versa.

Interview with Jean Kirshner, co-founder of Belize Education Project

Jean Kirshner holds a Ph.D. in Education and Human Resource Development from Colorado State University and specializes in literacy and teacher education. I came to know Jean and her school adoption project in the process of publishing her article in our previous issue. She graciously accepted my invitation for this interview that we carried out through emails in July, 2020. In this interview, you will be reading about Jean and the impact she and her colleagues have created in the lives of school children. You will learn more about Jean as you read through, but here is a brief introduction. Jean started her career as the Early Childhood Director at Saint Ignatius Grammar School, Chicago in 1988. After two years she joined the Child Opportunity Program in Denver as a Head Start Supervising Teacher. In 1994, she became a kindergarten teacher and has been a First Grade Teacher since 2006 in Douglas County School District, Parker, Colorado. She co-founded the Belize Education Program in 2007 which is the main topic of this interview. The world needs more inspiring educators like Jean who contribute selflessly especially to the underprivileged communities that need more love and attention.

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AS A TOOL OF SUPPORTING INTERACTION IN THE MODERN GLOBALIZED FAMILY

The article highlights the role of information and communication technologies in supporting the integrity of modern globalized family, whose members are separated by significant geographical distances. The authors of the study propose to use the definition “globalized family” referring to a family whose members, while being remote from one another, maintain contacts through ICT. A mixed methodology, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, was selected to conduct the study. The survey was conducted to quantify the use of ICT as a means of supporting the interaction of members in the modern Polish (92 people) and Ukrainian (88 people) families. The narrative interview method was used to conduct a qualitative analysis of the role of ICT in supporting the virtual unity of members of contemporary European families. The conducted research showed that the typologically related results for the recipients from Polish and Ukrainian groups were: causes of labor migration (difficult economic situation of families); daily use of various web messengers, electronic social networks, mobile phones to maintain contact with family members; the desire to participate in the school life of children through ICT. Using ICT for the indirect contacts based on various possibilities of communication creates new virtual reality of communication and even family life organization. The realization of the research was in accordance with the signed agreement on scientific and pedagogical cooperation between the University of Jan Kochanowski in Kielce (Poland) and the Institute of Information Technologies and Learning Tools of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine. The article provides recommendations for teacher trainers to create a blended open learning environment through ICT that would enable active virtual contact between teachers, students and their parents. Implementation of the course on digital humanistic pedagogy of open education into the pre-service and in-service teacher training programs for the development of digital, communicative, collaborative and creative skills enables effective pedagogical interaction in formal and non-formal education.

Cadmium and Lead Levels in Blood and Arsenic Levels in Urine among Schoolchildren Living in Contaminated Glassworks Areas, Sweden.

The Kingdom of Crystal, an area in southern Sweden famous for its many glassworks, is historically heavily burdened by pollution from this industry. Glass crust containing cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) has been deposited around the area and used as filling. The purpose of this study was to monitor whether the high levels of metals in the contaminated soil were reflected in blood and urine among school children in this area. Blood and urine samples were collected from 87 children in 2017. The levels of cadmium (Cd-B) and lead (Pb-B) found in blood were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The speciation of As in urine (As-U) was performed by ion chromatography. The geometric mean of Cd-B and Pb-B among the children were 0.09 μg/L and 9.9 μg/L respectively. The geometric mean of inorganic As (AsIII and AsV) with metabolites in urine was 6.1 μg/L and 6.94 μg/g creatinine. Children in the study area had blood levels of Pb and Cd that correspond to levels generally found in Swedish children. The levels of inorganic As and its metabolites in urine were low and in the same magnitude as other children in Europe and the U.S.

Effects of collaborative consultation using iPad application in school-based occupational therapy: A single-arm pre-post pilot study.

This pilot study examined the effect of collaborative consultation with teachers in school-based occupational therapy (SBOT) using iPad application for goal-setting-Aid for Decision-Making in Occupation Choice for School (ADOC-S). A single arm pre-post intervention design was conducted at four preschools in Japan. The participants were 10 preschool teachers (10.5±0.4years of teaching), and 10 children (3.8±0.4years old; five boys). The teachers received three collaborative consultations (1hr for each) from one occupational therapist. Firstly, the occupational therapist conducted an observational assessment of the child's school life, then the teacher and occupational therapist identified occupation-based goals for each child using the ADOC-S. Secondly, the teacher and the occupational therapist developed the graded goals using the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) and discussed the daily intervention plan for the teachers to conduct. Thirdly, the occupational therapist followed up on the intervention process using GAS. The subjective outcome was measured at 10 point-satisfaction and performance score in each goal using Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The observed outcome was measured using GAS and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). All the participants including teachers and children successfully underwent the intervention process. Significant improvement was found pre-post and effect size (ES) was large on the COPM (ES; r=.85-.94), GAS (ES; r=.98-.99) and SDQ (ES; r=.64). All goals (30/30) exceeded expectations of GAS from zero to +2. Although there are some limitations and considerations which need to be resolved for future studies, our results suggest that ADOC-S would help build a rapport with a teacher in SBOT settings, and this collaborative consultation would facilitate a positive outcome.

Pursuing the Promise of Preschool: An Exploratory Investigation of the Perceptions of Parents Experiencing Homelessness.

Rates of homelessness are worsening in the United States, with a third of individuals experiencing homelessness being families with children. These families face many challenges, including limited social supports, insufficient access to services, and mental health concerns. These challenges inform a nuanced worldview, leading parents experiencing homelessness to understand their child’s school life in unique ways. The purpose of this study is to explore how parents experiencing homelessness understand their children’s participation in Head Start and publicly funded 4 K programs. We utilized semi-structured interviews with parents of 4 K students and applied an iterative approach for analysis to identify emergent themes and concepts. Results suggest families enter homelessness through several avenues and struggle with many aspects of homelessness, including stigma directed at parents and children. Parents identified many strengths in their children’s school programs, including education and support from faculty, as well as areas for growth, such as more comprehensive transportation and meal services. Overall, these results suggest families experiencing homelessness encounter many barriers to finding stable housing. Additionally, parents of children experiencing homelessness value their child’s education and access to resources in schools while still fearing the potential for their child to experience stigmatization and discrimination in schools.

El lápiz color piel y el sufrimiento racial en la socialización de los infantes de la negritud

En diferentes escenarios ha sido constante la idea que Colombia, no es solo es un país multiétnico, plurilinguístico sino también poliracial. Los dos primeros calificativos están más presentes en la vida nacional, mientras que la imagen de varias razas, representa en el mejor de los casos un pánico social difícil de nombrar, fácil de polemizar al negar o admitir su existencia. Particularmente, donde la revelación de los colores de la piel, provoca mayor sensibilidad es en la escuela, por ello este avance, se suma a la corriente de estudios que se ocupan de las consecuencias de la raza en la vida de los infantes escolarizados. Para delimitar el alcance de este artículo se precisa que éste, corresponde a los resultados preliminares de una tesis doctoral en curso cuyo tema central es la identidad racial de niños y niñas negros, para situar este debate, se pregunta ¿Con que colores pinta la niñez de la negritud, su color de piel y fenotipo? En términos metodológicos, se escogió el método cualitativo que a través de talleres sobre el dibujo del cuerpo posibilitara la participación protagónica de los infantes, para a partir de esas fuentes, provocar nuevas interrogaciones al sujeto niño negro, cuyos conocimientos en los estudios de la infancia, siguen brillando por su ausencia. Las respuestas iniciales señalan que estos dibujantes, no se pintan mayoritariamente con colores distintos al color piel o rosado, tan común en las cajas de colores infantiles, situación que corrobora hallazgos de hace décadas en torno a una conciencia racial, que muestra confusiones por parte de los renacientes de la negritud.

Assessing the usage of screen based media and screen time among adolescents in Mysuru: a cross-sectional study

Background: Media is one of the important parts of the life of school children, especially those aged between 13 to 17 years. It has both positive and negative impacts on children. It affects both physical and mental health; there will be a prominent impact on their studies also. Nowadays everyone has the accessibility of television, mobile, etc in India. This study mainly aims to assess the impact of screen-based media (SBM) and screen time among middle adolescents and the association of socio-demographic status with the usage of SBM.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Government and Private schools of Mysuru district from November to December 2019. The study included 180 school children between the age group of 13 to 17 years through simple random sampling. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was used.Results: Mobile formed the maximum used SBM. Out of the total screen time, time contributed by television 90.5%, mobile 95.6%, and both television and mobile 91.7% will be more followed by other SBM. The proportion of children having the screen time of maybe 3 hrs was found to be 25.6% and more than 3 hrs was 5.9% among the total study population. There is an association between SBM usage and the socio-demographic status i.e. age, type of family, father's education, and father occupation with the statistical significance of p value <0.05.Conclusions: According to the current study, there is a high proportion of school children using SBM. So, there is a need to create awareness regarding the use of SBM and its impact on children among parents, teachers, and children.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en niños de educación primaria de Islas Canarias que usan dispositivos auditivos

IntroductionThe objectives of the study were first, to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of primary school children from the Canary Islands with cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs). And second, to analyse parents’ perceptions of their children with CIs and HAs regarding HRQoL, and finally, to explore the agreement between the children's self-reports and their parents’ reports concerning HRQoL. Material and methodsData consisted of 89 children with CIs and 63 children with HAs and their 152 parents. Two standardised instruments were used: Kid-KINDLR_children_7-13, Kid_Kiddo-KINDLR_Parents_ 7-17 and a demographic and audiological survey, which were answered by the children and their parents. Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA, post hoc analysis and 3 concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) were used to address the 3 objectives. Results and discussionThe children with CIs exhibited a perception of better HRQoL in comparison with the children with HAs. The children with CIs and HAs and their parents were significantly distinct in the provinces of Tenerife and Gran Canaria. The cchildren with CIs and HAs from Gran Canaria were better on Emotional well-being and Family, while the children with CIs and HAs from Tenerife emphasised Self-esteem or Friends. The parents of the children with CIs had a higher average score in the perception of the total HRQoL and per dimension related to their children compared to the parents of the children with HAs. The agreement between children and parents was low except in the Self-esteem dimension. The children with CIs and their parents demonstrated a perception of better HRQoL than the children with HAs and their parents. The children with CIs and HAs had lower self-perception of the HRQoL than their parents’ reports. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the children with CIs and HAs in Primary Education in the Canary Islands have discrepant perceptions of their HRQoL; the children with CIs self-perceive better HRQoL than the children with HAs. The parents of the children with CIs achieved a higher average score of their children's HRQoL than the parents of the children with HAs due to their belonging to a province. Professionals working with CI and HA recipients need to be sensitive to psychological issues to optimise HRQoL dimensions in children with CIs and HAs.

Жевательная резинка в контексте повседневности советских школьников (по материалам периодических изданий 1960 – 1970-х гг.)

Жевательная резинка в контексте повседневности советских школьников (по материалам периодических изданий 1960 – 1970-х гг.)

A Study on the Relationship Between Health and Physical Fitness and School Life of Children

본 연구는, 일본 초등학생의 체력 · 운동수행능력과 학교생활 및 건강과의 관련을 명확하게 하기 위해, 일본 초등학교 5학년의 남녀 102명을 대상으로, 체력검사 결과와 설문지 조사를 조합해서 검토했다. 체력검사 결과에 따르면, 남자 초등학생은 소프트볼 던지기, 반복 점프, 20 m 왕복오래달리기 종목에서, 여자 초등학생은 앉아 윗몸 앞으로 굽히기 종목에서 성적이 좋았지만, 전체 체력검사 평가점에서는 여자 초등학생이 남자 초등학생 보다 고득점자가 많았다. 또한, 전체 체력검사 평가점이 고득점의 초등학생은 학교생활면에서는 체육과목을 좋아하고, 공부가 즐겁고, 놀이 시간에 친구들과 잘 노는 경향이 보였다. 생활습관면에서는 자신의 주변과 방 정리를 잘하고, 말하지 않아도 계획을 세워서 공부를 하는 등의 경향이 보였다. 건강면에서도, 매일 건강하게 지내고 있고, 거의 아프지 않는 등 건강상태가 양호한 상태인 것이 확인되었다. 한편, 체력검사 평가점과 BMI에 의한 체형과의 관련에서도 체형이 표준인 초등학생 중에는 체력검사 평가점이 고득점자가 많았다. 이상으로, 체력 · 운동수행능력은 초등학생의 학교생활 및 건강면에서도 관련이 있으며, 고체력은 초등학생의 학교생활 및 건강면에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것이 시사되었다.

How Developmental Paediatrics and Psychiatry Will Be Involved in School Life of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders? : Aim for Clinical Practice and School Mental Health Service with Special Education Teachers to Support The Learning of Children

How Developmental Paediatrics and Psychiatry Will Be Involved in School Life of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders? : Aim for Clinical Practice and School Mental Health Service with Special Education Teachers to Support The Learning of Children

Developmental Paediatrics and Psychiatry to Be Involved in School Life of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders : Can We Enhance the Quality of Clinical Practice and Take Part in the School Mental Health Service?

Developmental Paediatrics and Psychiatry to Be Involved in School Life of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders : Can We Enhance the Quality of Clinical Practice and Take Part in the School Mental Health Service?