Saturated Sodium Chloride Solution Research Articles

Adsorption of Air and Water Vapor on Rock-Salt Surfaces

With a method previously described the adsorption of air on rock-salt surfaces is measured as a function of temperature, and the temperature at which complete outgassing occurs is determined. An estimate of the thickness of the film is given, and also the approximate speed at which it forms. The effect of water vapor on the surface is observed, and it is shown that exposure to water vapor has no permanent effect on the surface as long as the partial pressure of the water vapor is kept below that of a saturated sodium chloride solution at the same temperature. This, however, is true only of cleavage surfaces; polished surfaces are less stable against the action of water vapor.

The regulation of chloride-bromide intake in epilepsy

In summing up we may state that 34 patients have been treated with Sedobrol from four to nine months; 31 with Sedobrol alone and three with a combination of Sedobrol and Luminal. Two patients died during the course of treatment, one of aortic insufficiency, the other of general physical debility. All of the patients showed a very good response to the treatment, the majority remaining free from seizures for as long as seven months. They also improved mentally and physically. In regard to the technique of bromide medication our experience with it taught us that the administration of larger doses of bromide is unnecessary and dangerous. It is sufficient to start with one cube of Sedobrol per day (17 grains of sodium bromide) and increase the number of cubes after short intervals until the maximum optimal dose is reached, that is, the dose which gives the best response without producing any signs of bromine poisoning. Except for the elimination of salty food such as cheese, sardines, etc., we did not diminish the usual amount of table salt in the daily food (about 15.0 grams per day). In the two cases of severe bromism we reduced the amount of Sedobrol, but did not eliminate it entirely. We added table salt to the food up to 5 grams per day. The dermal manifestations were successfully treated by this addition of table salt and with the application of wet dressings of a saturated solution of sodium chloride. Along with it, sodium cacodylate, 0.5 grain to one dram solution was given once or twice daily. In cases of severe bromine poisoning where the oral administration of table salt is impossible an enema of normal saline solution is very effective. In aggravated cases of epilepsy with frequent daily seizures a combination of Luminal and Sedobrol has proven very effective.

THE USE OF SALT PORK TO CONTROL HEMORRHAGE

More than ten years ago, Dr. E. L. Keyes, of New York, told me that he had seen a patient with a severe nasal hemorrhage which could not be controlled by the usual gauze packing. The patient stopped the hemorrhage by placing plugs of salt pork in his nostrils. He said that his mother, who also had suffered from severe bleeding from the nose, had taught him to use it. Larding pork kept in a saturated solution of sodium chloride is practically sterile. Bacterial culture of a piece removed at random from a jar of pork six months old showed only a few colonies of the hay bacillus. It is hard to say just what the action of the pork is, since several factors are present, namely, pressure, salt, tissue juices and fat. Pressure has been used from time immemorial to control bleeding, but the pressure from the pork in

The Specific Substance of Coccidioides Immitis

Filtrates of broth and liquid synthetic culture mediums in which coccidioides immitis has grown for some time have been found 1 to cause specific skin reactions in animals experimentally infected and in a patient with coccidioidal granuloma. Because of the relatively simple nature of the synthetic medium in which the mold grows, it seems possible to isolate from such filtrates the substance giving the specific skin reaction and to learn some facts regarding its nature. The medium used is a modification of that suggested by Braun and Cahn-Bronner.2 It contains distilled water with 6^. ammonium lactate, 0.27c. K2HP04, and O.Sfo NaCl. After five months growth at incubator temperature the mold has formed a thick mycelium throughout the culture medium. The mycelium is removed from the liquid portion by centrifugation and filtration. To one volume of the clear liquid two volumes of 95 ^ ethyl alcohol are added. The mixture becomes turbid and after standing at room temperature, fine white floccules separate. These are removed by centrifugation, washed with 95^c ethyl alcohol and redissolved in a small volume of distilled water. Two volumes of 95% ethyl alcohol are added, usually without causing more than a faint turbidity. Two or three drops of a saturated sodium chloride solution added to a 15 cc. volume cause a marked turbidity and subsequent flocculation. The precipitate is washed with 95 % ethyl alcohol, and is again dissolved in distilled water and reprecipitated with alcohol. These floccules are washed with 95% alcohol, absolute alcohol, and then ether. The white powder is dried in a dessicator. No precipitates of this kind were obtained from uninoculated mediums. It dissolves readily in water, 0.9cfc NaCl solution, N/10 NaOH and N/10 HC1. Because of the relatively small amounts of material recovered, extensive analyses have not been possible. Quantitative analyses for protein nitrogen and for carbohydrate after hydrolysis have

Societies and Academies

Societies and Academies