Santa Ana Botanic Garden Research Articles

Remembering Lee W. Lenz (1915–2019)

Known primarily for his systematic work on Iris, Dr. Lee Lenz was also known for his taxonomic revision in other monocotyledonous groups such as Yucca, leading to his recognition of Yucca jaegeriana as distinct from the Joshua tree, Y. brevifolia. He was also involved in breeding horticultural forms from California native plants, such as xChiranthofremontia lenzii, and was credited with developing the first red-flowering iris within the Pacific Coast hybrids. Dr. Lenz was Director of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden (now California Botanic Garden) in Claremont, California, from 1960 to 1983. A table lists his articles and Director's Reports published in Aliso between 1950 and 2007.

From Thorne to APG IV: Reorganization of the Digital and Physical Collections of the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium

Since the mid 1960’s, the combined herbaria of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden [RSA] and Pomona College [POM] have followed the classification system of Taxonomist and Curator, Dr. Robert F. Thorne (1920-2015). Thorne, whose research interests were largely centered on floristics and plant geography, is best known for his synoptic work to develop a classification system to accommodate all flowering plants. Nevertheless, Thorne was a strong proponent of an alphabetical arrangement of herbaria, and organized the RSA-POM collection accordingly. The last time the RSA-POM Herbarium experienced a major shift in the arrangement of its collection was nearly 20 years ago. Since that time, many outdated families that are no longer recognized – of which Thorne had recognized in his system of classification – have remained in the collection. Over the last two years, the RSA-POM Herbarium has been actively reorganizing both its digital and physical collections to follow the vascular plant families of the newest classification system, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG IV). Reorganization began with a complete overhaul of the herbarium’s database followed by curation of the physical collection. This presentation highlights the efforts in curating the digital and physical collections of the RSA-POM Herbarium, perspectives on collection reorganization, as well as challenges and limitations.

Integrating Data Quality Feedback: a Data Provider's Perspective

The Herbarium of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden [RSA-POM] is the third largest herbarium in California and consists of >1.2 million specimens, of which ~50% are digitized. As a data provider, RSA-POM publishes its data with several aggregators, including the Consortium of California Herbaria, JSTOR, Symbiota (which is subsequently pulled into iDigBio and GBIF), as well as its own local webportal. Each submission of data needs to be prepared and formatted according to the aggregator’s specifications for publication. Feedback on data quality (DQ) ranges from an individual user (often only a few records at a time) to large aggregators (frequently in large batches). While some DQ items are easy fixes with little time and effort to correct, others can be more challenging and often require expertise beyond the skillset of curatorial staff. In other instances, there are issues concerning an aggregator’s ability to provide updated data for repatriation. This talk will discuss the efforts of the RSA-POM Herbarium to provide data to various aggregators as well as perspectives on the challenges, limitations, and constraints when integrating DQ items from an aggregator back into the local database.

Eastern Fox Squirrels and Western Gray Squirrels in Southern California

Author(s): Muchlinski, Alan; Gatza, Brian; Lewis, Suzanne; Erkebaeva, Katya | Abstract: Eastern fox squirrels have been introduced to many regions within the western United States including areas within California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington. In California, fox squirrels have been introduced to San Francisco, Fresno, Los Angeles, San Diego, Berkeley, Mount Diablo in Clayton, Bakersfield, and Santa Barbara. The geographic range of the eastern fox squirrel has expanded greatly both through natural dispersal and additional intentional introductions by humans. The fox squirrel has replaced the native western gray squirrel in certain habitats while the two species coexist in other habitats. Western gray squirrels exist by themselves in a third type of habitat even though eastern fox squirrels have occupied adjacent habitat for about 30 years. Habitat Suitability Models (HSMs) have been used to predict the presence and/or abundance of a particular species within a habitat. Analysis of 9 habitat variables using Discriminant Analysis produced a HSM where replacement, coexistence, and exclusion habitats can be identified using only 3 of the 9 habitat variables: average height of ground cover, percent canopy cover, and percent of total trees that are deciduous. A field study underway for over two years at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden in Claremont, CA is testing the validity of the HSM with the study site predicted to be a long-term coexistence habitat. The ratio of western gray squirrels to eastern fox squirrels has gone from 3:1 shortly after the fox squirrel entered the habitat to 1:1, but after 2.5 years of coexistence both species are commonly observed in the study site. The HSM is also being tested through the analysis of additional habitats. Although coexistence of the two species is possible for many decades, the number of western gray squirrels in coexistence habitats is often small, coexistence habitats are geographically isolated from each other, and the probability of extinction of western gray squirrels from these habitats could be high. We are also looking for new habitats which could support western gray squirrels if individuals were moved to these habitats.

Seeds: Time Capsules of Life. By Rob Kesseler and , Wolfgang Stuppy; edited by Alexandra Papadakis; Preface by HRH The Prince of Wales. Published by Firefly Books, Buffalo (New York), in association with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (United Kingdom). $60.00. 264 p; ill.; index of plants illustrated. ISBN: 1‐55407‐221‐2. 2006.

Previous articleNext article No AccessSeeds: Time Capsules of Life. By Rob Kesseler and , Wolfgang Stuppy; edited by Alexandra Papadakis; Preface by HRH The Prince of Wales. Published by Firefly Books, Buffalo (New York), in association with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (United Kingdom). $60.00. 264 p; ill.; index of plants illustrated. ISBN: 1‐55407‐221‐2. 2006.Michael WallMichael WallSeed Program, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California Search for more articles by this author Seed Program, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CaliforniaPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Quarterly Review of Biology Volume 82, Number 2June 2007Contents Published in association with Stony Brook University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/519596 Views: 5Total views on this site PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Biology of Seeds: Recent Research Advances. Based on a workshop held in Salamanca, Spain, May 2002. Edited by G Nicolás, K J Bradford, D Côme, and , H W Pritchard. Wallingford (United Kingdom) and Cambridge (Massachusetts): CABI Publishing. $175.00. xx + 472 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 0–85199–653–1. 2003.

Previous articleNext article No AccessPlant SciencesThe Biology of Seeds: Recent Research Advances. Based on a workshop held in Salamanca, Spain, May 2002. Edited by G Nicolás, K J Bradford, D Côme, and , H W Pritchard. Wallingford (United Kingdom) and Cambridge (Massachusetts): CABI Publishing. $175.00. xx + 472 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 0–85199–653–1. 2003.Jason PriceJason PriceRancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California Search for more articles by this author Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CaliforniaPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Quarterly Review of Biology Volume 79, Number 4December 2004 Published in association with Stony Brook University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/428194 Views: 3Total views on this site PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Ontogeny of the Sporangia of Sphaeropteris cooperi

Ontogeny of the Sporangia of Sphaeropteris cooperi

Ownership of the Pomona College Herbarium formally transferred to Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden

SummaryBoyd, S.: Ownership of the Pomona College Herbarium formally transferred to Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden. – Taxon 47: 515. 1998. – ISSN 0040‐0262.The Pomona College Herbarium (POM) has been housed with the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium (RSA) in Claremont, California, since 1951 and fully integrated with it since the late 1960s. Ownership of the Pomona College Herbarium was formally transferred to Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden on 1 June 1996.

Classification and geography of the flowering plants

Thome, Robert F. (Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA 91711). Classification and geography of the flowering plants. Bot. Rev.58(3): 225–348. 1992.—This treatment of the flowering plants is the latest revision of my classification of the Class Angiospermae and replaces my 1983 and more recent 1992 synopses. An update is necessary because so much new information has been published in the last decade pertinent to the classification of the flowering plants. About 870 such recent books, monographs, and other botanical papers are cited in the Introduction, listed primarily by the botanical discipline that they represent. Also considerable changes in my classification have been necessitated by my narrowed family- and ordinal-gap concepts, acceptance of the ending “-anae” for superorders in place of the traditional but inappropriate “-iflorae,” and acceptance of more prior or more widely used names for the categories above the family. A new phyletic “shrub” replaces earlier versions, and attempts to indicate visually relative sizes and relationships among the superorders, orders, and suborders. One table includes a statistical summary of floweringplant taxa: ca. 233,900 species of 12,650 genera, 437 families, and 708 subfamilies and undivided families in 28 superorders, 71 orders, and 71 suborders of Angiospermae. Three other tables summarize the known indigenous distribution of the families and subfamilies of angiosperms about the world. The synopsis lists the flowering plant taxa from the class down to the subfamily (and in Asteraceae down to the tribe) with indication of the degree of confidence I place in the circumscription and placement of each category above the subfamily, the best available estimates of the number of genera and species for each category, and the known indigenous distribution of each subfamily and family. Table V lists alphabetically the geographical abbreviations used in the synopsis. The extensive bibliography of recent literature should be helpful to those persons interested in the classification of the flowering plants.

Wood Anatomy of Noteworthy Species of Ludwigia (Onagraceae) with Relation to Ecology and Systematics

Wood Anatomy of Noteworthy Species of Ludwigia (Onagraceae) with Relation to Ecology and Systematics

Wood Anatomy of Begoniaceae, with Comments on Raylessness, Paedomorphosis, Relationships, Vessel Diameter, and Ecology

CARLQUIST, S. (Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and Department of Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 9171 1). Wood anatomy of Begoniaceae, with comments on raylessness, paedomorphosis, relationships, vessel diameter, and ecology. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 112: 59-69. 1985.-Six collections of four species of Begonia ranging from moderately to markedly woody (for the genus) are analyzed for qualitative and quantitative wood features. Begonia wood has vessels mostly solitary and oval or circular in outline, scalariform lateral wall pitting on vessels, tyloses in vessels, libriform fibers which are sometimes septate, vasicentric scanty axial parenchyma, tall and wide multiseriate rays (uniseriates absent) composed of erect cells (near-rayless in one collection), and storied structure. These features match those of Datiscaceae closely; features which do not may be related to the distinctive habit of woody Begoniaceae: semisucculent canelike stems of finite duration produced by a rhizome. As with similar stems of Piperaceae (which is not closely related to Begoniaceae), rays have erect cells predominantly or exclusively, rays alter little during ontogeny, and vessels have scalariform lateral wall pitting almost exclusively. These three features seem related to paedomorphosis, as does the presence of occasional scalariform perforation plates in early secondary xylem of Begonia. Quantitative features of Begonia wood mark all species as mesomorphic. Wood mesomorphy of B. parviflora increases with age of stem, suggesting greater transpiration from taller stems. Increase in vessel diameter with age is common in many dicotyledon trees and shrubs, and may relate to ability of progressively larger root systems to tap greater water supplies, as well as to the tendency for a larger and more exposed crown to transpire more. Some annual and short-lived perennial dicotyledons tend to have a progressive decrease in vessel diameter with age, which can be correlated with progressive drying of soil in the habitats of these species.

The Botanic Garden—A Reality

The year 1927 marks the beginning of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden at its original location in Santa Ana Canyon, northeastern Orange County, California. Letters exchanged between Susanna Bixby Bryant, the botanic garden founder, and various botanists and horticulturalists trace her efforts to obtain seed and planting stock, herbarium specimens, and books and periodicals for her library. Much discussion is devoted to the question of how to fill the position of Scientific Director.

Wood Anatomy of Onagraceae: Additional Species and Concepts

Wood Anatomy of Onagraceae: Additional Species and Concepts

In the Beginning

This article traces the early history of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, California, starting ca. 1867 with the Portolà Expedition. The expedition was the first to record the site where the botanic garden later came to be located, in Santa Ana Canyon, northeastern Orange County. Successive changes in land ownership eventually led to the Bixby family purchasing the land in 1875. Susanna Bixby Bryant, the founder of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, acquired the land in 1925.

An Independent Institution

Covering the period from approximately 1927 to 1947, this article deals with the management and running of the fledgling Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, featuring the publication of botanical and horticultural papers, the founding of the journal El Aliso, and detailed accounts of field work devoted to the collection of plants for the living collection and herbarium. This period of time also saw several challenges, notably serious damage from a wildfire in 1943, wartime constraints, and the death of the founder and managing director of the garden, Susanna Bixby Bryant.

The Years 1960–1977

In the years 1960–1977, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden fully embraces its role as teaching institution and as advocate and guardian of the native California flora. Expansion of the living collection, landscaping of the grounds, public education, herbarium and library activities, and publication output are detailed. To accommodate a growing number of graduate students, the faculty—consisting of Richard K. Benjamin, Sherwin Carlquist, and Lee. W. Lenz—is joined by Peter H. Raven, Ronald Scogin, John P. Simon, and Robert F. Thorne.

The Formative Years

Letters exchanged between Susanna Bixby Bryant, the founder of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, and several leading southern California botanists and horticulturalists (especially Ernest Braunton, Willis Linn Jepson, and Theodore Payne) in 1925–1926 document her steps toward creating a botanical garden devoted to the native California flora.

The Botanic Garden Moves

In 1950, the decision was taken to relocate Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden from its original site—Mrs. Susanna Bixby Bryant's ranch in Santa Ana Canyon, northeastern Orange County—to today's Claremont location in eastern Los Angeles County. The move reflected a wish to align the founder's mandate to "foster scientific research and public welfare" by seeking affiliation with the Claremont Colleges. The change enabled it to train graduate students in botany and related fields and draw more visitors to a garden devoted to native California plants. Accounts describe how the new site was adapted to its purpose, including the construction of the administrative building, design of the plantings, and staff and faculty recruitment.

Appendix II

Appendix II lists the names and dissertation titles of 32 students in the botany program jointly administered by Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and Claremont Graduate School/Pomona College who received a doctoral degree in botany between 1954 and 1977.

Studying Angiosperms The Morphology of Angiosperms: The Structure and Evolution of Flowering Plants K. R. Sporne

Studying Angiosperms Get access The Morphology of Angiosperms: The Structure and Evolution of Flowering Plants, by Sporne K. R.. St. Martin's Press, New York, 1975, 207 p., illus., $10.95 (74-29412). Robert F. Thorne Robert F. Thorne Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA 91711 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 26, Issue 10, October 1976, Page 636, https://doi.org/10.2307/1297200 Published: 01 October 1976