Safety Issues Research Articles (Page 1)

Ukraine continues to face problems of ensuring safety in the territories affected by hostilities, where many radiation-hazardous facilities are located and radioactive sources are used or stored. These include in particular, plant under decommissioning and other facilities at the site of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, the sites of the national radioactive waste (RW) management operator, and other facilities linked to RW management inside and around the Chornobyl exclusion zone (CEZ). Regulating the safety of such facilities during wartime is an unprecedented task. Problematic issues are related to the temporary occupation by military forces, the aftermath of fighting such as unexploded shells and mines, and the continuing risk of shelling and missiles that pose threats to safety supervision. The radiation risks are linked to possible damage and theft of equipment, loss of control over RW packages, violations of the operating rules at the facilities, difficulties in delivering personnel to the facilities, and partial evacuation of personnel. At the same time, the situation is made complicated by continuing military risks and the loss of normal logistical capabilities. The regulator State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine, in collaboration with its technical support organisation, the State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety and with support from the Norwegian radiation and nuclear safety authority, has developed approaches and procedures for regulating the safety of facilities and activities within the CEZ during wartime, at the time of active armed conflict and addressing the aftermath following de-occupation. This approach was developed in the absence of global experience in regulating safety under such conditions and can be applied as further areas are de-occupied and hostilities cease. This article aims to share with the international community unique Ukrainian experience in maintaining safety principles and provisions in wartime conditions and handling licensing matters during the hostilities and after liberation of the occupied territories.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as drug nanocarriers that hold immense potential. However, the low yield and insufficient targeting as well as activity of natural EVs are important issues that future industrialization has to face. The engineering of EVs is an effective method to ameliorate these problems, but the applications are limited, forced by manufacturing costs and safety issues. Recent studies have shown that the biogenesis and molecular composition of EVs are very sensitive to the extracellular environment of parental cells, which is a novel and efficient strategy to enhance EV production and biological function. Therefore, this review summarizes the impact of the external environment, including cultural conditions, physical stimulation and molecular interference, on the production, biological activity and physiological properties of EVs. This regulating method not only causes less damage to parental cells and EVs but also is simpler and more convenient to operate. Additionally, we discuss the potential for therapeutic applications leveraging metabolic modulation to control extracellular vesicle production and function. It is significant to promote the large-scale production and clinical application of EVs.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its application in the field of medical diagnosis is becoming increasingly widespread and in-depth. This article aims to explore the auxiliary role of artificial intelligence in medical diagnosis, and analyze how it can improve the accuracy, efficiency, and personalized level of diagnosis through technologies such as deep learning and big data analysis. The article first introduces the significance of artificial intelligence in medical diagnosis, and then elaborates on its applications in various aspects such as imaging diagnosis, pathological diagnosis, clinical decision support, drug development, and genomics diagnosis. It also discusses the challenges, development prospects, ethical, legal, and safety issues faced by artificial intelligence in medical diagnosis.

ABSTRACT Background Anti-IL-23 monoclonal antibodies have shown strong efficacy in achieving complete clearance (PASI 100) in psoriasis. Real-world evidence is needed to confirm these outcomes and define predictors of response. Research design and methods We performed a monocentric retrospective study on 243 adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis treated with guselkumab, risankizumab, or tildrakizumab at the University of Pisa. The primary endpoint was PASI 100 achievement; secondary endpoints were maintenance and predictors of response. Survival analysis and Cox regression were applied. Results PASI 100 was achieved in 67.4% of patients, on average at 27 weeks. Among responders, 81.7% maintained clearance for a mean of 90 weeks. Palmoplantar involvement reduced the likelihood of achieving PASI 100 (HR 0.575), while facial involvement (HR 2.261) and longer disease duration (HR 1.020) favored maintenance. Prior cyclosporine use (HR 0.644) and higher baseline PASI (HR 0.973) were negative predictors. No unexpected safety issues were observed. Conclusions Anti-IL-23 therapies are effective in achieving and sustaining PASI 100 in routine care. Outcomes are influenced by disease localization, duration, prior treatments, and baseline severity. Limitations include retrospective design, single-center setting, and absence of comparators.

Introduction/Background: Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (P-IHCA) remains a critical patient safety and quality improvement issue. Conventional reviews often fail to capture early opportunities for recognition and prevention. This project addresses these gaps using structured, multidisciplinary reviews guided by experts in pediatric critical care and medical education. Research Questions/Hypothesis: Does implementing a structured, multidisciplinary review methodology with a standardized process for both immediate and retrospective evaluations improve identification of preventable factors associated with P-IHCA. Goals/Aims: To enhance early recognition of clinical deterioration. To systematically identify preventable factors and facilitate targeted interventions. To foster multidisciplinary collaboration. Methods/Approach: Structured reviews were conducted hospital-wide at a quaternary pediatric institution. The process included: (1)- Immediate (hot) debriefs capturing real-time feedback on team performance, communication, and logistics. (2)- Retrospective (cold) debriefs within one month, analyzing monitor data, patient records, and detailed staff interviews. (3)- Systematic event classification using the eStablish And Formalize Expert Criteria for Avoidable Resuscitation Review (SAFECARR) into avoidable, potentially avoidable, or unavoidable. (4)- Multidisciplinary follow-up through dedicated quality improvement pathways, maintaining expert review team involvement. Results/Data: Structured hot debriefs identified real-time issues including communication failures, medication delays, and CPR quality concerns. Structured cold debriefs provided deeper systemic insights such as delays in recognizing clinical deterioration, diagnostic errors, and escalation failures. The reviews highlighted opportunities for improving interdepartmental communication, powered multidivisional collaborative event analyses, and subsequently informing meaningful changes in hospital policies, procedures, and staff training. Conclusion(s): A structured, expert driven, multidisciplinary review process shifts event analysis from describing what happened during a cardiac arrest, to explaining why and how it occurred, thereby revealing upstream factors that improve recognition of decompensation, team response, and CPR performance. This approach facilitates targeted improvements, fostering a safer hospital environment, and potentially improving patient outcomes.

SUMMARYDrug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) causes substantial morbidity and mortality and has hindered progress toward TB elimination. This slowed progress toward the WHO End TB Strategy's targets was exacerbated by lower TB detection during the COVID-19 pandemic. To inform research and development priorities, we conducted a narrative review of global DR-TB epidemiology and strategies for DR-TB prevention, diagnostics, and treatment. Gaps remain in DR-TB diagnosis, TB drug susceptibility testing (DST), and treatment. The review also shows that DR-TB causes significant post-disease disability, particularly chronic lung disease, impacting quality of life. Newer oral regimens for multidrug-resistant TB are shorter and more effective than traditional regimens. New antibiotics under development may help overcome remaining safety and tolerability issues, while novel advanced therapeutics and precision medicine offer hope to those failing treatment. Emerging diagnostics include rapid DST for second-line drugs, but a paradigm shift is needed to ensure novel DSTs become available as new drugs are introduced. Person-centered research is urgently needed to accelerate the response to DR-TB amidst the global threat of antimicrobial resistance, yet global investment in TB prevention and care currently falls short of need. A holistic approach to interventions to improve DR-TB prevention and care is needed, encompassing all health system components and their interactions, including a One Health approach and consideration of the wider determinants of health.

Introduction: When opening a new healthcare space, simulation based clinical systems testing allows for potential patient safety threats to be identified [1]. Translational simulation can be used in this context due to the focus on improving patient care and healthcare systems through diagnosing safety and performance issues and delivering simulation-based intervention [2]. The creation of a new paediatric day surgery centre required an interdisciplinary simulation programme designed to familiarise staff with the new environment and equipment, test systems and processes, and enhance team working both within and between departments. Clinical scenarios added focus on human factors and non-technical skills alongside strategies for improvement [3]. Research question: How can a simulation programme help prepare for the safe, functional operation of a new day surgery unit? Methods: The two day in-situ simulation took place at the new Paediatric Day Surgery Unit at Castle Hill Hospital. Participants included anaesthetists, operating department practitioners, scrub, theatre and recovery staff and paediatric nurses, alongside wider hospital teams including outreach, porters, ambulance services, and blood transfusion. The programme involved various clinical and non-clinical scenarios focusing on testing the environment, processes and team-working. All scenarios included debriefing and discussion to raise main learning points and areas for improvement and change. Results: The simulation programme provided valuable insights and over fifty learning points or adjustments were identified. Patient safety threats highlighted included issues with emergency equipment location, familiarity and accessibility, unfamiliarity with novel equipment, availability of protocols for emergencies and transfer and communication between departments or teams. Emergency preparedness was significantly enhanced, with staff demonstrating increased confidence and competence in managing critical situations. Due to the in-situ nature of the simulation, many changes were able to be made on the day by the team directly impacted by them. Actions taken forward included further training sessions, equipment adjustments and process refinements. Discussion: The results indicate that the simulation programme was instrumental in identifying and avoiding potential patient safety risks within a new paediatric day surgery unit. Staff gained familiarity with the new environment, tested medical and non-medical equipment, and validated systems and processes. Hands-on experience and interdepartmental involvement ensured a thorough understanding of the unit’s layout and system functionality. The major conclusion is that simulation-based training is an effective strategy for enhancing patient safety, staff readiness, team working and operational efficiency in a new clinical setting. Future work will focus on implementing the identified actions and conducting follow-up evaluations to assess long-term impact. Ethics Statement: As the submitting author, I can confirm that all relevant ethical standards of research and dissemination have been met. Additionally, I can confirm that the necessary ethical approval has been obtained, where applicable.

Background: While imaging of conventional PM’s and ICDs is infrequently performed via MRI, many studies, including the MagnaSafe have unequivocally supported MRI safety in such pts. However, the added clinical value is infrequently considered. Accordingly, we performed a prospective study to determine the 'Additive Value' beyond safety for pts with conventional PM/ICD's undergoing MRI. We hypothesized that MRI in PM/ICD pts is fundamental to an existing diagnosis, often markedly altering patient diagnosis and downstream care. Methods: An MRI Device exam (GE 1.5T,WI) pioneered by cardiologists (>90% over 10 yrs; 100% over 21 years) was performed. A series of prospective questions using Boolean Logic Construct were answered within 1 week of MRI by both MRI tech's and MRI MD's. Questions: 1) Did primary diagnosis change? 2) Did MRI provide additional information to existing diagnosis? 3) Was pre-MRI (tentative) diagnosis confirmed? 4) Did subsequent pt management change? If 'Yes' was answered to any questions, MRI was considered of value to pt diagnosis and/or impending therapy Results: Avg MRI: 23±15min for 2,128 consecutive pts of which 1,1617 (76%) were neuro/neurosurgery, 149 (7%) were musculoskeletal and 362 (17%) were CV cases. Upon review: of Neuro MRIs, 1,439 (89%) provided additional information. The diagnosis changed in 1213 (75%) while therapy changed in 1148 (71%). In only 129 (8%) did MRI simply confirm original diagnosis. Cardiac MRI changed original the diagnosis in 253 (70%). MRI did not contribute in 43 (12%) due to uninterpretable (ICD artifact), while in 66 pts, the diagnosis did not change. Finally, in 355, Orthopedic MRI provided additional information in 143 (98%) and in 326 (90%), changed pt care, and in 14 (3%), simply confirmed the diagnosis. Importantly, with careful attention to device reprogramming and scanner sequences, no safety or device issues were encountered in any patient all with tracking for >1 year. Conclusion: A dedicated Universal Program of MRI in PM/ICD patients adds remarkable clinical value to diagnosis and subsequent management justifying any residual risk(s). Accordingly, we propose that yet another hurdle to the advancement of CMR-PM/ICD strategies can become standard and often life-changing.

Introduction: The UK Foundation Programme Curriculum [1] requires understanding of patient safety and incident management. While the NHS Patient Safety Incident Response Framework [2] advocates a systems-based approach, training often emphasises non-technical skills without deeper exploration of system-wide factors. To address this gap, the Simulation Team at University Hospitals of North Midlands (UHNM) integrated human factors teaching into one of the three simulation sessions they provide for Foundation doctors. The goal was to equip trainees with the tools to analyse incidents and appreciate how changes to the wider work system can affect patient safety. Methods: We created a course to enhance Foundation doctors’ understanding of human factors, with a focus on the SEIPS (Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety) model [3] and Safety-II thinking. A mix of twelve Foundation year one and two doctors participated in each session, which included two interactive workshops and five simulation scenarios. -Workshops: The first introduces systems engineering and Safety-II principles; the second focuses on the practical application of the SEIPS model. -Scenarios: These span various clinical situations-from discharge errors to never events-each is designed with a specific human factor learning outcome. Debriefs emphasise how work systems might be improved rather than focusing on individual performance, differentiating this session from other sessions that consider clinical management. Results: To date, 107 of 160 Foundation doctors have participated, with full attendance by July. Preliminary feedback from those that have attended shows: 100% of participants reported understanding how to apply a systems-based approach to incident investigations. 100% felt confident using the SEIPS model to evaluate system changes. 100% stated the session would influence their clinical practice. Qualitative feedback indicated increased awareness of human factors and their influence on patient safety. The session received an average rating of 4.92 out of 5. 100% of participants reported understanding how to apply a systems-based approach to incident investigations. 100% felt confident using the SEIPS model to evaluate system changes. 100% stated the session would influence their clinical practice. Qualitative feedback indicated increased awareness of human factors and their influence on patient safety. The session received an average rating of 4.92 out of 5. Detailed analysis will be conducted upon course completion. Discussion: This simulation-based approach centred around patient safety scenarios has enabled trainees to analyse errors through the lens of system design rather than individual fault. It has fostered reflective dialogue on patient safety issues and how work systems can be improved. It has highlighted the need for a stronger training of human factors amongst Foundation trainees. A follow-up of the longer-term impacts is planned for the current Foundation Year 1 doctors when they return for simulations in Foundation Year 2. Ethics Statement: As the submitting author, I can confirm that all relevant ethical standards of research and dissemination have been met. Additionally, I can confirm that the necessary ethical approval has been obtained, where applicable.

Introduction: In situ simulation improves participants’ ability to respond to high-stress situations, increases confidence, and enhances interprofessional communication [1]. Simulation has increasingly been recognised by senior medical leadership as a valuable tool in enhancing patient safety. However, our experiential understanding showed that ad hoc simulation sessions across wards were often subject to cancellations and last-minute changes. Additionally the use of generic scenarios did not always reflect the specific clinical challenges faced by individual teams. These issues prompted a reassessment of our approach. We aimed to explore whether embedding a collaborative, ward-specific in situ simulation course would improve engagement, reduce cancellations, and better meet learning needs. Methods: We selected one cardiology ward (6D) to pilot a focused, 6-week in situ simulation programme. A multidisciplinary working group was formed, including members of the simulation team, the ward manager, the practice development nurse (PDN), and a consultant cardiologist. Together, we conducted a targeted learning needs analysis and co-designed six bespoke simulation sessions. A fixed time and location were agreed upon in advance to ensure consistency and support from the ward. Simulations were run every 2 weeks over a 3-month period. Key learning points and safety issues identified during debriefs were compiled in a patient safety report and shared with the wider team. In parallel, we continued to run single, one-off simulation sessions on seven other wards, scheduled at the ward’s most suitable time by corresponding ward managers. Results: Our dedicated 6D programme achieved a 0% cancellation rate, with strong and consistent attendance across multidisciplinary team (MDT) members, Figure 1. In contrast, the ad hoc sessions across other wards experienced a 57% cancellation rate, with reasons including staffing shortages, lack of available space, or staff being committed to other teaching. Attendance records also showed a greater number of staff and spread of the MDT trained on 6D when compared to the rest of the hospital. Subjective feedback demonstrated that in general all staff recognise the benefit of in situ sim education to the clinical team and were willing to take part finding it both “useful” and “exciting”. Discussion: This project demonstrates that co-designing simulation with stakeholders leads to better attendance, fewer cancellations, and more bespoke learning. Structured, ward-integrated simulation not only enhances engagement but also supports a culture of continuous learning and safety. Moving forward, we aim to evaluate whether this approach contributes to sustained behavioural change within ward teams, using the Kirkpatrick evaluation model. Ethics Statement: As the submitting author, I can confirm that all relevant ethical standards of research and dissemination have been met. Additionally, I can confirm that the necessary ethical approval has been obtained, where applicable.

Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) is a type of involuntary eye movement often used by law enforcement officers during roadside sobriety tests to assess alcohol impairment. This article presents an ophthalmologist’s perspective on the scientific and clinical limitations of this practice. It explains that nystagmus can result from many causes unrelated to alcohol, including fatigue, medications, chronic illnesses, neurological conditions, and even natural variations in healthy individuals. Despite its routine use, HGN testing at the roadside relies on subjective observation rather than accurate measurement. Officers are not trained medical professionals and do not have the tools necessary to accurately assess eye movement, measure angles of onset, or rule out alternative medical explanations. Environmental factors, such as flashing lights and moving vehicles, can further interfere with test results. Given these concerns, this article questions the reliability of HGN as evidence in DUI cases and proposes a practical solution: requiring clear video recordings of the test to allow expert medical review. While impaired driving remains a serious public safety issue, enforcement tools must be both scientifically valid and legally sound. A more accurate, objective approach would help protect individual rights while preserving the integrity of DUI enforcement.

Water‐in‐salt electrolytes (WISE) have emerged as a promising route for the development of safe and high‐voltage aqueous lithium‐ion batteries, owing to their expanded electrochemical stability window (ESW) and reduced safety issue. Despite this potential, the long‐term cycling performance of WISE‐based cells remains hindered by multiple degradation phenomena all related to water, including hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, carbon corrosion, and interfacial instabilities. In this study, the electrochemical behavior and degradation mechanisms of full cells based on LiFePO 4 and TiS 2 electrodes are systematically investigated in 21 m LiTFSI electrolyte. Gas evolution is quantified using online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), while surface chemistry and morphology were analyzed via X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and synchrotron‐based hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES). The results demonstrate that both electrode materials undergo significant parasitic reactions—even within the ESW—leading to the formation of a LiF‐rich but unstable solid electrolyte interphase and progressive accumulation of salt decomposition products. The degradation is further influenced by electrochemical parameters such as C‐rate, electrode balancing, and voltage window.

Background: The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative is a WHO-UNICEF evidence-based initiative aiming to improve quality of care in maternity facilities through global implementation of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding as standards of perinatal care. Although each step is evidence-based, all Ten Steps are intended to work synergistically. Step 1b requires maternity facilities to adopt an infant feeding policy that supports breastfeeding. Key Information: This protocol updates the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine's 2018 Model Maternity Policy Supportive of Breastfeeding and gives readers the most recent evidence basis. It includes a model policy that can be adapted to local needs. Its strength lies in the synergy of all its components. The importance of protecting families from the harmful influence of the commercial milk formula industry is stressed. The policy includes recommendations to verify health workers' competencies to adequately support breastfeeding, to offer prenatal education on breastfeeding to mothers and families, guidance for respectful and patient-centered care during childbirth, and immediate and postnatal support for mother and child. Safety issues are considered. Tools for implementation are included. Recommendations: Maternity facilities must have a policy that protects and supports breastfeeding. It should include all the Ten Steps, which must be implemented as a whole package. External assessments are recommended to ensure compliance with requirements. Continuous monitoring of practices should be routine. Ensuring that health workers who deal directly with mothers and infants have the competencies needed to protect and support breastfeeding through counseling and person-centered care is strongly recommended.

Fluorescent smartphone sensing platform based on Eu3+-functionalized metal-organic framework for ultra-sensitive detection of ciprofloxacin.

Harnessing nanotechnology for improving the druggability of opium poppy-derived pharmaceutical benzylisoquinoline alkaloids: A review.

Introduction . Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP) are used for medical purposes and do not require external storage and transportation. In the context of supply chain risk management, the publication is currently not relevant. These gateways are transported in a closed or non-frozen environment. Cryopreservation is the gold standard for the storage and transportation of living cells; however, its impact on the quality of medicinal products remains unclear. Some safety issues are strictly addressed on an individual basis when transporting frozen cells: the materials used to produce the main container and the cryoprotective reagents used. In this regard, the development of approaches to managing logistics risks for ATMP is relevant for developing the ATMP market in Russia. Objective . To develop criteria for assessing contractors and service providers in the market for circulating high-tech medicinal products by holders of registration certificates. Materials and methods. The materials were the results of the analysis of the world and own scientific data and regulatory documents in the relevant field. General scientific methods, system and process approaches, and methods for analysis, synthesis, and extrapolation were applied. Results . Risks arising in drug supply logistics chains were identified. The criteria for selecting a service provider for the transportation of ATMP and other heat-labile medicinal products for the holder of a registration certificate, applied to reduce the risks associated with logistics chains, are substantiated. Potential suppliers of transportation services for medicines are recommended based on the developed criteria. This study substantiates the development of recommendations for ATMP risk management for investors, pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors for ATMP production and implementation localization. Conclusions . Risks arising during the transportation and storage of medicinal products requiring special storage conditions were investigated. The risk management of medicinal products at the distribution stage requires a comprehensive approach.

Background: With the rapid development of society, the demand for coal in production and daily life has been growing at an unprecedented rate. However, extensive coal mining has led to various environmental and safety issues. The gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources, the increasing depth of mining operations leading to more challenging mining environments, the severe pollution caused by the accumulation of large amounts of mining waste on the surface, and the continuous emphasis on green, environmentally friendly, and sustainable development concepts have necessitated effective solutions. In response to these challenges, the adoption of backfill mining technology has emerged as a viable approach. Objective: This paper offers a comprehensive overview and classification of the methods and mechanical systems utilized in backfill mining within coal mines. It provides a succinct explanation of the implementation of diverse backfilling methods in mining activities and the present state of various backfilling mechanical systems. This information can assist researchers and businesses in understanding the evolution of filling technology and serve as a crucial foundation for future research and innovation. Methods: An evaluation of Backfill Mining Method Patents and Backfill Mechanical System Patents and an Introduction to the Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Backfill Methods have been analyzed. Results: Through the analysis and comparison of existing backfill methods, we can summarize the typical characteristics of each technique. Finally, we discuss the future development trends of backfill mining. Conclusion: Backfill mining can effectively support rock strata, control ground pressure activity, and protect surface flora and fauna. It can also improve the stress state of mining pillars and maximize resource recovery. Furthermore, it enables efficient handling of solid waste, reduces production costs, and achieves green and sustainable development. Each backfill mining system has its advantages and disadvantages, therefore, it is necessary to consider multiple factors comprehensively in order to choose the appropriate method.

Safety and efficacy of REP 2139-Mg in patients with HDV-related advanced liver disease in an international compassionate access program.

Metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) is aggressive with drug-resistance. Evaluating new markers is an unmet need. Anhydrase carbonic-IX (CA-IX), a hypoxia-mediated breast tumor growth regulator, is important for maintaining BC stem cells within a hypoxic region. This pilot prospective study "OPALESCENCE" assessed [89Zr]Zr-DFO-89Zr-girentuximab (TLX250-CDx) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), in comparison with [18F]F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) PET/CT in mTNBC patients (NCT04758780). Patients underwent FDG and TLX250-CDx PET/CT and conventional imaging (CI) if needed. Intravenous administration of 37±10% MBq TLX250-CDx was performed, The PET/CT was acquired at Day 3 or 5 post injection. Gold standard composite was based on FDG PET/CT, CI and follow-up. Tumor standard uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean) were measured, and tumor burden analyzed using total tumor volume (TTV). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed with a Bond RX (Leica) fully automated research stainer with CA-IX antibody (clone EP161). Twelve mTNBC patients were included. Of 273 lesions confirmed with the gold standard, 231 were detected by TLX250-CDx and 264 by FDG PET/CT. Overall sensitivity of TLX250-CDx PET/CT was 87.5% with 100% sensitivity for breast, skin, and adrenal gland, and 88.0% and 91.9% for node and bone lesions respectively. In contrast to FDG PET/CT, TLX250-CDx PET/CT revealed brain metastases. Tumor burden evaluated with TTV was equivalent between both PET/CT methods. For 7/12 patients, IHC analyses showed CA-IX expression lesions from 100% to 10% with an intensity from 3+ to 2+. No safety issue was reported after TLX250-CDx injection. [89Zr]Zr-girentuximab PET/CT is a sensitive imaging method and offers promise for novel theranostics for mTNBC patients. Clinical trial.gov, the unique identifying number: NCT04758780, date of registration: 16/02/2021.

Reduction of CO2 to ethylene for regulating the ripeness of climacteric fruits.