Root ZX Mini Research Articles

TRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO DO PRIMEIRO PRÉ-MOLAR SUPERIOR COM EXTRAVASAMENTO DE CIMENTO OBTURADOR – RELATO DE CASO

This study aims to describe a clinical case of endodontic treatment with leakage of filling cement. Patient 30 years old, male, Caucasian, referred to the private office for endodontic treatment of tooth 14. Radiographic examination showed communication with the pulp chamber and absence of periapical bone radiolucency. After anesthesia and coronary opening, the toxic content was neutralized with a K-File 10 manual file and electronic odontometry with apical locator (Root ZX Mini, Morita, Osaka, Japan and root canal preparation with Logic 25.05 (Easy Equipamentos odontológicas- Belo Horizonte – Brazil), foraminal enlargement exceeding 1 millimeter of the real length of the tooth and, with the help of Easy Clean and this time 2% chlorhexidine gel irrigating solution, shaking it 3 cycles of 20 seconds, then 3 cycles with Edta 17 %, completed with saline. Filling the root canal system with a single cone and Bio-C Sealer cement (Angelus –Londrina -Brazil) and restoration with RC Flow Opallis resin. to the apical region.

Comparative Accuracy and Reliability of Three Electronic Apex Locators in Determining the Apical Constriction of Molar Canals: A Micro-CT Evaluation.

Background: Determining the correct apical limit for root canal treatment is essential for its success. This study evaluates the accuracy of three electronic apex locators (EALs) in locating the apical constriction (AC) in molar canals. Methods: Forty extracted human mandibular molars were scanned using micro-CT, and endodontic access cavities were created. Teeth were mounted in alginate, and three EALs-Root ZX-mini, Root ZX-II, and Sirona integrated apex locator-were used to measure the canal working length in dry canals and with EDTA gel. Micro-CT scans were performed with files in place, and the distance from the AC was calculated. Measurements within 0.1-0.5 mm were categorized as 'close'. Those extending beyond towards the major foramen were categorized as 'beyond', otherwise they were classified as 'far'. Data analysis was conducted with a level of significance set at 5%. Results: Most readings for all EALs were in the 'close' category, with significant differences between devices (p < 0.0001). Root ZX-mini and Root ZX-II had 74.4% and 72.5% 'close' readings, respectively, versus 51% for Sirona integrated. Accuracy did not differ significantly between dry and EDTA-treated canals (p = 0.306). All EALs demonstrated excellent operator reliability (ICC 0.996-1.00). Conclusions: All EALs accurately determined AC, unaffected by lubricants. However, Root ZX-mini and Root ZX-II outperformed Sirona integrated. All EALs showed consistent reliability.

Comparative Evaluation of Accuracy of Two Apex Locators with Different Irrigants: An In-Vitro Study

Aim: The aim of this in-vitro study will be to evaluate and compare the accuracy of two apex locators in the presence of various irrigants. Methods and Material: The study will be conducted on 80 extracted straight, single-rooted permanent human teeth with mature apices. The teeth will be decoronated. Access cavity preparations will be done and working length will be established with 10 K file or 15 k-file into the canal until its tip emerged through the major apical foramen at ×10 magnification under a stereomicroscope. All the samples selected will be divided into four groups on the basis of irrigants used. Group 1 will be dry without irrigants, used as control, in Group 2 saline will be used as irrigant, in Group 3 sodium hypochlorite will be used as irrigant and in Group 4 chlorehexidine will be used as irrigant. Each group again will be subdivided into two groups on the basis of two different apex locators used (Root ZX Mini J. Morita) and CanalPro (Coltene). All the samples will be embedded in gelatin filled polyurethane bottles to simulate the periodontium. Statistical analysis used: Subsequently, the data will be statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test. Results: In this study, group 2 canal pro apex locator is accurate and sodium hypochlorite irrigant shows maximum variation. Conclusions: Canalpro showed accurate values than Root ZX and sodium hypochlorite showed more variations

Comparative evaluation of efficacy in working length determination: Radiography versus Electronic apex locators using in vivo and ex vivo methods with stereomicroscope validation.

Accurate determination of the working length (WL) is crucial for successful endodontic treatment. Various methods, including radiography and electronic apex locators (EALs), are employed for WL measurement, each with its advantages and limitations. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of WL determination using conventional radiography and the Root ZX Mini EAL against an ex vivo gold standard method. Fifty single-rooted teeth scheduled for extraction were included. WLs were determined using radiography (Grossman's method) and the Root ZX Mini EAL. An ex vivo method served as the gold standard with WL carried out on extracted teeth under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis included Paired samples t-test, Chi-square test, and Bland-Altman plots. The mean WL values were comparable among methods, with slight variations in precision. The Root ZX Mini EAL demonstrated significantly lower mean absolute error compared to radiography (P < 0.001). Accuracy within ± 0.5 mm and ± 1 mm tolerance ranges favored the EAL over radiography (P = 0.04 and P = 0.004, respectively). The Root ZX Mini EAL exhibited superior accuracy and lower error rates in WL determination compared to radiography. Integrating EALs alongside radiographic techniques is recommended to optimize WL precision in clinical practice.

Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of six different apex locators in working length determination of molars using intraoral periapical radiographs: An in vivo study.

One of the crucial steps in endodontic treatment is determining the working length (WL). There are various methods for performing this procedure, one of which is an electronic apex locator (EAL) measurement. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of six EALs, i.e.. Root ZX, Root ZX Mini, Propex PiXi, Innvopex-1, Woodpex III, and Raypex 6 for WL estimation in the mandibular first molars. The study included 180 root canals with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, divided into six groups using different apex locators. WL determination was compared with intraoral periapical radiographs. Results were categorized as accurate, short, or long. The data were statistically analyzed. ROOT ZX had an accuracy of 96.7%, Root ZX Mini had an accuracy of 93.3%, PiXi had an accuracy of 90.0%, Innvopex-1 had an accuracy of 90.0%, Woodpex III had an accuracy of 86.7%, and Raypex 6 had an accuracy of 83.4%, respectively. There was a statistically nonsignificant difference between groups (P < 0.05). Newly developed apex locators, such as the Innvopex-1, have shown accuracy comparable to well-established EALs like the Root ZX. This highlights the importance of conducting more extensive, large-scale research to confirm and validate their effectiveness.

Comparative Assessment of Working Length Determination: Apex Locators versus Endomotor with Built-in Apex Locator in Single-Rooted Permanent Teeth.

To compare the effectiveness of Apex Locators and Endomotor with built-in Apex Locators for determining the working length in root canal treatment. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 (Root ZX Mini Apex Locator), Group 2 (Minipex Apex Locator), and Group 3 (Endopilot Endomotor with built-in Apex Locator). Working length was determined using respective devices, followed by canal preparation and radiographic confirmation with a master cone. There was no statistically significant difference in working length determination between Apex Locators and Endomotor with built-in Apex Locators. Acceptable working length was achieved in 105 out of 120 cases. The Root ZX Mini, Minipex, and Endopilot demonstrated comparable efficacy in determining working length during root canal treatment. These devices offer reliable alternatives to traditional radiographic methods, providing clinicians with accurate measurements and contributing to successful treatment outcomes.

Effect of Different Electroconductive Root Canal Irrigations on the Accuracy of Different Apex Locators: An In Vitro Comparative Study.

An accurate working length (WL) estimation is fundamental to a successful endodontic therapy. The objective of this comparative in vitro research was to investigate the performance of iPex II and the Root ZX Mini electronic apex locators (EALs) in measuring root canal WL with different irrigant solutions and their relation to the electrical conductivity of irrigation solutions. Seventy sound permanent lower premolar teeth, each with a single root and developed apices, were used. Under an X15 stereomicroscope, the real working length was determined with the aid of a #10 file. After that, teeth were placed into an alginate model, and the iPex II and Root ZX Mini were used for the detection of electronic working length with various irrigants. Seventy teeth were randomly distributed into seven groups, 10 per each group (group I: dry canal; group II: distilled water; group III: ozonated water; group IV: 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); group V: 2% chlorhexidine, group VI: 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution, and group VII: 17% EDTA gel). The difference in WL was calculated by deducting real working length from its electronic working length. The study also evaluates the electrical conductivity of the seven endodontic irrigant solutions. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for statistical analysis. Statistically, neither both types of EALs (P = 0.088) nor various irrigating solutions with varying electrical conductivities (P = 0.099) significantly affect the accuracy of EL estimation. There were no significant differences between the accuracy of the Root ZX Mini and the iPex II. The accuracy of both apex locators is unaffected in the presence of various irrigation solutions with varying electrical conductivities in this research.

Comparative Evaluation of the Anesthetic Efficacy of Needle-Free Anesthesia and Conventional Anesthesia in Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction Pain is the primary reason for which most of the patients seek endodontic treatment. Local anesthesia is considered to be the most important step in the procedure to reduce the pain. However, the majority of the patients do not cooperate due to the fear of syringe anesthesia. The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of needle-free anesthesia and conventional anesthesia in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis undergoing root canal therapy. Materials and methods A total of 54 patients were enrolled in the study, and the treatment was administered by a single operator. The initial assessment of vitality included cold testing, heat testing, and electric pulp testing. Preoperative pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before the administration of anesthesia. Local anesthesia was administered according to the group assigned: Group 1 (conventional anesthesia) and Group 2 (needle-free anesthesia). The pain was assessed during the administration of anesthesia. Following the administration of anesthesia, the vitality of the tooth was evaluated using cold testing, heat testing, and electric pulp testing. Subsequently, the tooth was isolated with a rubber dam, and the access cavity was prepared. The pain was assessed during access cavity preparation and during the first file insertion. Working length was determined using an apex locator (Root ZX Mini, J Morita, Saitama, Japan) and was confirmed using intraoral periapical radiographs. Later on, further treatment was carried out. Results A total of 54 participants were included in this clinical trial. There was no significant difference in mean age distribution between the two groups (p=0.852). Considering the frequency distribution of gender, there was no significant difference; however, Group 1 had more female participants (59.3%) compared to Group 2 (33.3%). There was a significant reduction in the mean pain score in Group 2 compared to Group 1 during the delivery of anesthetic agents (p=0.000). Conclusion Needle-free anesthesia proves to be equally effective as the conventional syringe system in patients experiencing symptomatic irreversible pulpitis undergoing root canal treatment. However, it is noteworthy that patients exhibited greater comfort levels with needle-free anesthesia systems specifically during the administration of the anesthetic solution.

The Accuracy of Different Apex Locator Systems in Detecting Root Perforations in the Presence of Different Irrigation Solutions

Objective: One of the most studied topics in electronic apex locators (EALs) is the effect of root canal condition on the accuracy of EALs. In this study, the accuracy of Root ZX Mini, Raypex 6, and Apex ID in detecting root perforation was evaluated in a dry environment and in the presence of saline, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions. Methods: The mesiobuccal roots of 64 human maxillary first molars were selected for the study. These root canals were perforated from buccal root surface using a #1 Freze Beutherlock Peeso to form a 0.4 mm cavity. After perforation, the area where #40 K type file appeared was recorded as the actual length (AL) and the length measured by EAL devices both in dry canals and in the presence of solutions was recorded as the electronic measurement (EL). All electronic measurements were statistically compared with the actual length. Results: All EALs achieved AL-consistent results on EL measures. Consistency was determined using Root ZX Mini measurements in dry canals and canals irrigated with saline. The consistency of EL and AL conducted with Raypex 6 and Apex ID in canals irrigated with NaOCl, saline, and EDTA was found. There was a statistically significant difference in ELs with irrigation solutions among all EALs (p&lt;0.05). In the dry environment, there was no statistically significant difference between the EALs (p&gt;0.05). A consistency was discovered between ELs generated with the Root ZX Mini and ALs in both dry and saline-irrigated canals. Consistency was observed between ELs measured with Raypex 6 and Apex ID and ALs in canals irrigated with NaOCl, saline, and EDTA. Conclusion: The accuracy rates of the EALs used in this research were 97%–100% in the 1 mm range and 83%–92% in the 0.5 mm range. Despite the fact that ALs and ELs differed statistically significantly at the 0.05 level, these variations weren't thought to be clinically relevant. In the presence of conditions with different electro conductors, EALs from different generations may be used safely, and in a range of canal situations, these devices can yield measurements that are most similar to the AL.

IN VITRO COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOUR ELECTRONIC APEX LOCATORS IN DETECTING APICAL CONSTRICTION

Objective: Minor constriction which is the narrowest diameter is considered to be the appropriate apical limit of endodontic treatment. Apex locators provide greater precision, fewer procedural errors, less discomfort to the patient during measurement of working length. The aim of this article is to compare the accuracy of four electronic apex locators in detecting the apical constriction using histological sections as the gold standard. 80 Materials and Methods: extracted single-rooted permanent teeth were selected and coronally flattened for stable reference point. Access cavity was prepared and canal patency was checked. Samples were embedded in alginate upto cemento-enamel junction. Working length was determined with the apex locators. A 15 K file adjusted to that reading was placed in the root canal and stabilized with flowable composite. Apical 4 mm of root was longitudinally sectioned and the position of the file in relation to the minor constriction was recorded for each tooth under stereomicroscope at 40X magnification. Chi-square test was carried out to test the difference in accuracy at various levels from the minor foramen. Kruskal Wallis Test was carried out to compare the differences between the study groups for the distance from the tip of the file relative to the minor foramen (P&lt;0.05). Measurements of mean working lengths within ±0.5 mm of minor diameter were 8 Results: 5% acceptable for CanalPro followed by Root ZX Mini (80%) and Propex Pixi (80%) and the least by DPEX V (65%). Conclusion: Accuracy of these instruments for detecting the minor diameter is acceptable for clinical practice

Comparative ”ex vivo” study on working length determination using six apex locators

The aim of this study was to analyze the accuracy, precision, and consequently the reliability of five traditional apex locators (AL) and one integrated AL in determining working length (WL). Materials and Methods: The lengths of 15 extracted human teeth were measured with six ALs (Dentaport Root ZX, Dual Pex Micro Mega, Root ZX mini, Elements Diagnostic, Woodpex III, and E-connect S) and with digital radiographs (RVG). Electronic measurements were compared with each other and with radiographic measurements under the same experimental conditions. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference between the radiographic and the electronic method. The Root ZX achieved the best accuracy and precision in determining the location of the apical foramen compared to other ALs. Conclusions: ALs are the most reliable method and superior to radiologic methods to determine the WL. Further studies should be performed to assess the differences between different types of ALs.

Comparative evaluation of working length determined using integrated apex locator and root ZX mini under various irrigating solutions: An in vivo study.

Electronic apex locators (EALs) are frequently used as adjuvant to radiographs in working length (WL) determination. The introduction of integrated apex locators (IALs) further simplified the root canal treatment by continuous monitoring of the apex while root canal shaping. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radiographs, EAL, and IAL in determining the WL in the presence of various irrigants. The present in vivo study was carried out on 30 patients who were divided into 10 in each group, based on the type of irrigant used; 0.9% saline (Group 1), 0.2% chlorhexidine (Group 2), and 2.5% of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) (Group 3). In each group, WL is determined using conventional radiographs, Root ZX Mini (EAL), and CanalPro CL2i (IAL). Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman's two-way ANOVA test were used for statistical analysis. Mean WL was comparably lower with Root ZX Mini, while the WL by CanalPro CL2i and the radiographic method were comparable. In all methods, the type of solutions used did not influence the WL, with a higher mean WL when NaOCL is used as an irrigant. Nevertheless, the above comparisons were not statistically significant. the irrigation solutions employed in this study had no impact on the performance of apex locators and radiographs.

Süt Molarlarda Dört Farklı Apeks Bulucunun Doğruluğu: Bir İn Vitro Çalışma

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the accuracy of 4 different electronic apex locators (EALs) (Root ZX Mini, Raypex 6, Propex Pixi, and E-Pex Pro) in primary molars with and without root resorption. Material and Methods: Forty-eight mandibular primary molar teeth with (24 teeth) and without (24 teeth) physiological root resorption, each with 4 root canals, were included in the study (96 canals in with resorption group and 96 canals in without resorption group) (n=192 root canals). The actual working length (AWL) was determined by subtracting 0.5 mm from the measured length for each canal. The differences between AWL and electronic working length readings of the 4 EALs and accuracy rates within specified tolerance intervals (TI; ±0.5 and ±1.0 mm) were calculated. Results: The presence of resorption in the teeth significantly affected the measurement using Root ZX Mini (p<0.05). In teeth without resorption, all EALs yielded an accuracy rate of 100% at ±1.0 mm TI, whereas the accuracy rates ranged from 91.7% to 95.8% at ±0.5 mm TI. In teeth with resorption, EALs yielded accuracy rates of 74.0%-65.6% at ±1.0 mm TI and 52.1%- 60.4% at ±0.5 mm TI. Conclusion: At ±0.5 mm TI, Raypex 6 had greater accuracy in teeth without root resorption, whereas Propex Pixi had greater accuracy in teeth with root resorption. Apex locator preference may vary depending on the presence or absence of resorption.

Evaluation of accuracy of an electronic apex locator in presence of sodium hypochlorite in primary teeth with and without resorption.

This study compared the accuracy of Root ZX mini apex locator in presence of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in primary molars with and without apical resorption. Sixty-four extracted primary lower molar teeth with 32 root resorption and 32 without resorption were selected. To determine the actual working length (AWL), a K-file was inserted into the root canal until the tip of the file was visible at the major foramen or the resolution level. It was then withdrawn 1 mm. This value was recorded as AWL. The teeth were then divided subgroups (with/without NaOCl). To determine the electronic working length, a Root ZX mini apex locator in canals with/without NaOCl was used. A K-file was inserted into the canal to just beyond the foramen, as indicated by the flashing "APEX" bar, and the electronic working length was determined by subtracting 1 mm from this length. The deviation of the Root ZX mini measurement from the AWL was determined. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. In teeth with no resorption, the measurement accuracy rates (within+/-0.5 mm) of non-NaOCl and NaOCl groups were 84.37% and 81.25%, respectively (p > 0.05); within+/-1 mm, the non-NaOCl and NaOCl demonstrated 100% and 96.87% accuracy, respectively (p > 0.05). In teeth with resorption, the measurement accuracy rates (within+/-0.5 mm) was 81.25% for the non-NaOCl and 62.50% for the NaOCl, respectively (p < 0.05). The measurement accuracy rates (within+/-1 mm) of the non-NaOCl and NaOCl was 96.87% and 84.37%, respectively (p < 0.05). The presence of NaOCl in the root canal affected the accuracy of the Root ZX mini in primary teeth with apical resorption, but not in teeth without resorption.

Working length determination

Introduction: Working length (WL) determination is one of the crucial steps in endodontic treatment. Conventional Apex locators (EAL) are consistently employed nowadays for WL determination. Apart from the EAL, Integrated apex locators (IAL) have also come into the market that aim to reduce the number of steps. Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to compare and evaluate the accuracy of Eighteeth E-Connect S (IAL) and Root ZX Mini (EAL) in two different irrigating solutions. Methodology: Thirty freshly extracted, single-rooted teeth were taken. The teeth were then individually mounted on an alginate mould. The measurements of the mounted samples of both the groups were taken accordingly based on the irrigating solutions. WL determination was done one by one with both Conventional Apex locator &amp; Integrated apex locator, respectively in 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX). Statistical analysis was performed using One Way ANOVA test. Results: The test results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between EAL &amp; IAL in both groups when compared with the actual WL. Conclusion: Both ALs were equally effective in determining WL at ±0.5mm from the apex in the presence of irrigating solutions, i.e., NaOCl and CHX.

Influence of Open Apex on Working Length Determination Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Apex Locators: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Objectives The aim of this study is to assess the effect of open apex on working length (WL) determination with aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and electronic apex locators (EALs). Methods Thirty-two extracted human mandibular premolars were selected, and apical 5 mm was removed. Root canals were prepared from the apical to the coronal direction of the canal using peeso reamers up to size 5 (retrograde) to simulate open apex. The samples were analyzed by CBCT, and WL was established (CWL) by a radiologist. An endodontist prepared the access cavities, and visual working length (VWL) was recorded. The samples were embedded in a freshly mixed alginate mould up to cementoenamel junction. Each root canal length was measured with two different EALs—Root ZX mini and i Root. The measurements were repeated 3 times by using a digital caliper, and the mean was recorded by the endodontist who was blinded to the results of the CWL. The recorded data was statistically analyzed using the SPSS software. Results The results of this study showed statistically significant difference between VWL and i Root, CWL and i Root, and Root ZX mini and i Root (p < 0.05). Amongst EALs, a superior accuracy was noted for Root ZX mini than as compared to i Root. However, no statistically significant difference was seen between Root ZX mini and CWL (p > 0.05). Conclusion The present study showed that CWL is as accurate and reliable as VWL which is the gold standard. Amongst EALs, Root ZX mini performed more accurately than i Root. Preexisting CBCT scans should be used as an advantage in determining WL.

Working length determination: comparative analysis of integrated &amp; electronic apex locator in various irrigating solutions

Introduction: Working length (WL) determination is one of the crucial steps in endodontic treatment. Conventional Apex locators (EAL) are consistently employed nowadays for WL determination. Apart from the EAL, Integrated apex locators (IAL) have also come into the market that aim to reduce the number of steps. Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to compare and evaluate the accuracy of Eighteeth E-Connect S (IAL) and Root ZX Mini (EAL) in two different irrigating solutions. Methodology: Thirty freshly extracted, single-rooted teeth were taken. The teeth were then individually mounted on an alginate mould. The measurements of the mounted samples of both the groups were taken accordingly based on the irrigating solutions. WL determination was done one by one with both Conventional Apex locator &amp; Integrated apex locator, respectively in 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX). Statistical analysis was performed using One Way ANOVA test. Results: The test results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between EAL &amp; IAL in both groups when compared with the actual WL.Conclusion: Both ALs were equally effective in determining WL at ±0.5mm from the apex in the presence of irrigating solutions, i.e., NaOCl and CHX.&#x0D;

Comparison of the Accuracies of CBCT, Radiography, and Four Electronic Apex Locators in Working Length Determination

Background: One of the significant stages during endodontic procedures is determining the correct working length (WL). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of four electronic apex locators (EALs) (Root ZX mini, Raypex 6, Propex Pixi, and E-Pex Pro) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and radiographic measurement in determining the actual WL (A-WL). Methods: Thirty extracted single-root mandibular premolars were selected and flattened at the crown. The WL was determined by advancing the #15 K file until its tip was visible from the apical, and the A-WL was established by subtracting 0.5 mm from this length. The WL was also determined using periapical radiography, four EALs, and CBCT. The differences in all measurements were compared with the A-WL. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (Welch) and Tamhane’s test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Compared with other measurement methods, CBCT gave shorter values than the A-WL, and this finding was statistically significant compared with those of the PR and Propex Pixi groups (p = 0.009) (p = 0.024). No significant difference was observed between the other groups (p > 0.05) except the CBCT group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Root ZX mini and Raypex 6 made measurements close to the A-WL.

Comparison of Radiovisiography, an Apex Locator and an Integrated Endomotor-inbuilt Apex Locator in Primary Teeth Endometrics.

Aim and objectiveTo compare the accuracy of radiovisiography (RVG), Root ZX mini Apex locator, and Endo radar's inbuilt Apex Locator during working length determination determination in primary teeth with the actual/direct canal length.Materials and methods58 primary teeth indicated for extraction in children of age group 4-12 years were selected. RVG, Root ZX mini Apex Locator, and Endo radar's Apex Locator were used to determine the working length intraorally. Following extraction of the teeth, the actual working length was determined with magnifying loupes (2.5×) using a K-file and an endodontic ruler. The data was tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results84 canals (58 teeth) were evaluated and Root ZX mini Electronic Apex Locator (EAL) showed no statistically significant difference with the actual measurement (p = 0.18) whereas Endo radar and RVG showed statistically significant difference. Endo radar underestimated, while RVG overestimated the working length. The most accurate method for working length measurements of the root canals in primary teeth was Root ZX mini EAL, followed by Endo radar and the least accurate was RVG.ConclusionThe Root ZX mini Apex Locator showed the most promising results and had an excellent degree of agreement with actual working length, followed by Endo radar and RVG.How to cite this articleKhan SA, Khanna R, Navit S, et al. Comparison of Radiovisiography, an Apex Locator and an Integrated Endomotor-inbuilt Apex Locator in Primary Teeth Endometrics. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022;15(S-1):S18-S21.

Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite Concentration on Electronic Apex Locator Reliability.

This ex vivo study aimed to measure the performance of an electronic apex locator (EAL) in the presence of sodium hypochlorite irrigants with different concentrations. Two EALs (Root ZX Mini and Locapex 6) were used to locate the apical foramen in 10 extracted single-rooted teeth in the presence of 0.5%, 2.5% and 5% sodium hypochlorite. Visual working lengths were also determined using #10 K-file under a microscope before the electronic measurements were made. The performance of both EALs was compared for the electronic working lengths determined under the different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. A multiple-way ANOVA and PLSD Fisher’s test with an α risk fixed at 5% were conducted. There were no statistical differences in the working lengths determined by both EALs between the three groups with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and their visual control measurements. When a ± 0.5 mm margin was applied, the Root ZX Mini and the Locapex 6 presented 88% and 83% accuracy, respectively. Sodium hypochlorite concentration in irrigants does not affect the accuracy and reliability of either the Root ZX Mini or the Locapex 6. Electronic apex locators are reliable with any concentration of sodium hypochlorite irrigants.