Room Temperature Conditions Research Articles

Lipidomic changes occurring in platelets during extended cold storage.

Cold storage is being implemented as an alternative to conventional room-temperature storage for extending the shelf-life of platelet components beyond 5-7 days. The aim of this study was to characterise the lipid profile of platelets stored under standard room-temperature or cold (refrigerated) conditions. Matched apheresis derived platelet components in 60% PAS-E/40% plasma (n = 8) were stored at room-temperature (20-24°C with agitation) or in the cold (2-6°C without agitation). Platelets were sampled on day 1, 5 and 14. The lipidome was assessed by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography ion mobility quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC IMS QToF). Changes in bioactive lipid mediators were measured by ELISA. The total phospholipid and sphingolipid content of the platelets and supernatant were 44 544 ± 2915 μg/mL and 38 990 ± 10 880 μg/mL, respectively, and was similar over 14 days, regardless of storage temperature. The proportion of the procoagulant lipids, phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), increased by 2.7% and 12.2%, respectively, during extended cold storage. Cold storage for 14 days increased sphingomyelin (SM) by 4.1% and decreased ceramide by 1.6% compared to day 1. Further, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species remained unchanged during cold storage for 14 days. The concentration of 12- and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) were lower in the supernatant of cold-stored platelets than room-temperature controls stored for 14 days. The lipid profile of platelets was relatively unchanged during storage for 5 days, regardless of temperature. However, during extended cold storage (14 days) the proportion of the procoagulant lipids, PS and PE, increased, while LPC and bioactive lipids were stable.

Improving freeze resistance of cement-based materials with modified graphite-paraffin composite low-temperature microencapsulated phase change materials

This study examines the influence of microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCM) on enhancing the freeze-thaw resistance of cementitious structures, overcoming the limitations commonly associated with traditional phase change materials (PCM), such as insufficient thermal conductivity and non-optimal phase change temperatures. The research focused on developing MPCM with improved thermal conductivity and lower phase transition points, utilizing a binary mixture of tetradecane and hexadecane as the core material, supplemented by modified graphite. The phase change performance and physicochemical stability of the prepared MPCM were thoroughly assessed. Cement specimens, incorporating different contents of MPCM, were then subjected to a series of tests under both room temperature and simulated freeze-thaw conditions. These tests included mechanical testing, temperature response experiments, and monitoring of internal damage. The findings identified the optimal MPCM formulation as a 9:1 mixture of tetradecane and hexadecane, with an addition of 2 % hydrophobically modified graphite, which exhibited a phase change temperature near 0 °C and a range exceeding 6.7 °C, along with stable physicochemical properties. When 3 % MPCM was included in cement specimens cured for 28 days under freeze-thaw conditions, a significant reduction in internal damage caused by freeze-thaw cycles was observed, leading to an increase in compressive strength by 0.12 % and in flexural strength by 11.77 %. Additionally, temperature tests confirmed the efficacy of MPCM in stabilizing internal temperature fluctuations within the cement specimens. The results of this study present a viable approach to enhance the durability of cement-based infrastructure in cold climates.

Integrated analysis of transcriptome and miRNAome reveals the heat stress response of Pinellia ternata seedlings

Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Briet., a valuable herb native to China, is susceptible to the “sprout tumble” phenomenon because of high temperatures, resulting in a significant yield reduction. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the response of P. ternata to heat stress are not well understood. In this study, we integrated transcriptome and miRNAome sequencing to identify heat-response genes, microRNAs (miRNAs), and key miRNA-target pairs in P. ternata that differed between heat-stress and room-temperature conditions. Transcriptome analysis revealed extensive reprogramming of 4,960 genes across various categories, predominantly associated with cellular and metabolic processes, responses to stimuli, biological regulation, cell parts, organelles, membranes, and catalytic and binding activities. miRNAome sequencing identified 1,597 known/conserved miRNAs that were differentially expressed between the two test conditions. According to the analysis, genes and miRNAs associated with the regulation of transcription, DNA template, transcription factor activity, and sequence-specific DNA binding pathways may play a major role in the resistance to heat stress in P. ternata. Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and miRNAome expression data revealed 41 high-confidence miRNA-mRNA pairs, forming 25 modules. MYB-like proteins and calcium-responsive transcription coactivators may play an integral role in heat-stress resistance in P. ternata. Additionally, the candidate genes and miRNAs were subjected to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to validate their expression patterns. These results offer a foundation for future studies exploring the mechanisms and critical genes involved in heat-stress resistance in P. ternata.

Realization of High Current Gain for Van der Waals MoS2/WSe2/MoS2 Bipolar Junction Transistor.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted great attention in the past few years and offer new opportunities for the development of high-performance and multifunctional bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). Here, a van der Waals BJT based on vertically stacked n+-MoS2/WSe2/MoS2 was demonstrated. The electrical performance of the device was investigated under common-base and common-emitter configurations, which show relatively large current gains of α ≈ 0.98 and β ≈ 225. In addition, the breakdown characteristics of the vertically stacked n+-MoS2/WSe2/MoS2 BJT were investigated. An open-emitter base-collector breakdown voltage (BVCBO) of 52.9 V and an open-base collector-emitter breakdown voltage (BVCEO) of 40.3 V were observed under a room-temperature condition. With the increase in the operating temperature, both BVCBO and BVCEO increased. This study demonstrates a promising way to obtain 2D-material-based BJT with high current gains and provides a deep insight into the breakdown characteristics of the device, which may promote the applications of van der Waals BJTs in the fields of integrated circuits.

Electrical/thermal conductivities of low-temperature sintered/Ag-decorated epoxy microspheres

The last decades composite production has benefited from additive manufacturing rendering production of special parts feasible and economical. Energy and time-consuming processes have improved significantly since the implementation of low temperature sintering methods. In this work, we prepare sub-micron powders in an attempt to produce conductive composites via compression sintering at a low overall production cost. Epoxy microspheres of glassy and rubbery type are synthesized in a controlled manner to inherit certain properties, and then decorated via a controlled deposition process of silver nanoparticles to form fine powders. The resulting fine powders are compressed at room temperature conditions to consolidate and hopefully sinter at post-cure. We study the structure-property relationship of the powder structure and the effect in the conductive properties that arise after consolidation. Remarkably, the compressed powders achieved DC conductivity with extremely low silver nanoparticle content (7.7 wt %, approx. 0.9 vol %) as compared with other literature reports and a promising increase in thermal diffusivity of about 18 % with just 4.2 wt % of silver nanoparticles.

Spontaneous Degradation of the "Forever Chemicals" Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) on Water Droplet Surfaces.

Because of their innate chemical stability, the ubiquitous perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been dubbed "forever chemicals" and have attracted considerable attention. However, their stability under environmental conditions has not been widely verified. Herein, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a widely used and detected PFAS, was found to be spontaneously degraded in aqueous microdroplets under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions. This unexpected fast degradation occurred via a unique multicycle redox reaction of PFOA with interfacial reactive species on the droplet surface. Similar degradation was observed for other PFASs. This study extends the current understanding of the environmental fate and chemistry of PFASs and provides insight into aid in the development of effective methods for removing PFASs.

Development of geopolymer-based lightweight high-strength concrete and properties at different temperatures

In the current study, a green and high-strength lightweight concrete is developed. Geopolymer-based lightweight concrete (G-LWC) is an innovative green building material that combines the advantages of geopolymers and lightweight concrete. Building upon existing research, to achieve low density, a lightweight aggregate, expanded glass powder (EGP), is used, resulting in the development of geopolymer-based lightweight high-strength concrete (G-LWHC) with a compressive strength exceeding 100 MPa. The influence of different EGP content and fiber admixtures on its density and mechanical properties is also studied, and its performance after exposure to high temperatures is analyzed from both micro and macro perspectives. The research results indicate that the incorporation of EGP significantly reduces the concrete density while also decreasing its compressive strength. G-LWHC exhibits significant temperature-induced ductility, with RT,150D increasing by 142.80% and 258.02% after exposure to 600 °C and 800 °C, respectively, compared to room temperature conditions. The addition of fibers has the most notable impact on improving the concrete's flexural strength. The developed G-LWHC exhibits characteristics of being lightweight, high-strength, and resistant to high temperatures, maintaining residual strength even after exposure to 800 °C.

Study on Sensory Evaluation and Chemical Changes Occurred in Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) Flower Burfi during the Storage

In the present study, the cow milk was standardized to 4% fat. The Burfi was prepared by addition of crushed dried Mahua flowers in the proportion of 100:0 (T₁), 90:10 (T₂), 85:15 (T3), 80:20 (T4) and 75:25 (T5) with 30 % sugar was added. The objectives of the present investigations were to study the chemical and sensory changes during storage of the selected treatment i.e. T4 (80% khoa: 20% crushed dried Mahua flower) at room temperature and refrigerated temperature at the interval of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 days. The study aimed to investigate the quality of the burfi during storage. The data obtained was statistically analyzed by Factorial Randomized Block Design. Sensory evaluation studies were conducted by a panel of judges and it was found that the burfi prepared by using 20 parts of crushed dried Mahua flowers and 80 parts of khoa was having the highest overall acceptability scores. The overall acceptability scores of selected treatment were decreased from 5th days onwards. But burfi was acceptable up to 15 days and 25 days onwards at room temperature and refrigerated temperature, respectively. The results regarding the chemical analysis revealed that the fat, protein, lactose, ash, titratable acidity and total solids content of burfi was increased after 0th day to 25th day in both room and refrigerated condition. While, moisture and solids not fat content reported decrease in trend in both room and refrigerated temperature. The rate of changes was found more in room temperature conditions.

Ts2O Promoted Deoxygenative C-H Dithiocarbonation of Quinoline N-Oxides with Potassium O-Alkyl Xanthates.

A simple, efficient, and practical method for the synthesis of S-quinolyl xanthates was developed via Ts2O-promoted deoxygenative C-H dithiocarbonation of quinoline N-oxides with various potassium O-alkyl xanthates. The reaction performed well under transition-metal-free, base-free, and room-temperature conditions with wide substrate tolerance. Employing potassium O-tert-butyl xanthate (tBuOCS2K) as a nucleophile, some valuable quinoline-2-thiones were unexpectedly obtained in a one-pot reaction without any additional base.

The practical utility of ternary nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide-supported platinum catalysts for room-temperature oxidative removal of formaldehyde from the air

Formaldehyde (FA), a carcinogenic oxygenated volatile organic compound, is present ubiquitously in indoor air. As such, it is generally regarded as a critical target for air quality management. The oxidative removal of FA under dark and room-temperature (RT) conditions is of practical significance. A series of ternary nickel–cobalt-manganese oxide–supported platinum catalysts (Pt/NiCoMnO4) have been synthesized for FA oxidative removal at RT in the dark. Their RT conversion values for 50 ppm FA (XFA) at 5,964 h−1 gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) decrease in the following order: 1 wt% Pt/NiCoMnO4 (100 %) > 0.5 wt% Pt/NiCoMnO4 (25 %) > 0.05 wt% Pt/NiCoMnO4 (14 %) > NiCoMnO4 (6 %). The catalytic performance of 1 wt% Pt/NiCoMnO4 has been examined further under the control of various process variables (e.g., catalyst mass, flow rate, relative humidity, FA concentration, time on stream, and molecular oxygen content). The catalytic oxidation of FA at low temperatures (e.g., RT and 60 °C) is accounted for by Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism (single-site competitive-adsorption), while Mars van Krevelen kinetics is prevalent at higher temperatures. In situ diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy reveals that FA oxidation proceeds through a series of reaction intermediates such as DOM, HCOO–, and CO32–. Based on the density functional theory simulations, the unique electronic structures of the nearest surface atoms (platinum and nickel) are suggested to be responsible for the superior catalytic activity of Pt/NiCoMnO4.

Photoproduction of Hydroxyl Radicals Under Sunlight by Fe-Zn Oxides for Partial Oxidation Applications

Iron-zinc oxide (FZ) photocatalysts with activity in the visible region were designed for the partial oxidation of organic molecules with the least loss of raw material. The FZ materials were synthesized using the sol-gel method with citric acid as a stabilizing agent. From TGA results, 400 °C was observed as the minimum temperature for precursors degradation, then two thermal treatment times were assessed at 60 and 180 min. The powder photocatalysts were comprehensively characterized by TGA, DSC, FTIR, XRD, Raman, Mössbauer, XPS, UV-Vis, and SEM. The production of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) was followed by the fluorescence emission of 2-hydroxy-terephthalic acid (OHTA). The absorbance decrease of methylene blue (MB) and disodium terephthalate (NaTA) was measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy to calculate the total degradation degree. The photocatalytic activity of FZ materials was quantified after 2 h under simulated sunlight radiation at room temperature conditions. All FZ oxides treated for 60 min presented no •OH detection, in which photocatalytic blanks showed an adsorption phenomenon of the probe molecules. FZ7 and FZ8 materials showed the best •OH production and the least MB/NaTA degradation, making them the best candidates for partial oxidation applications.

Preparation of sodalite at room temperature with varying hydrogel Al2O3/SiO2 molar ratio for enhanced Cd2+ adsorption

Sodalite crystals were prepared with varying hydrogel Al2O3/SiO2 molar ratio at room temperature via hydrothermal method. The particulate properties of products prepared under room temperature and elevated temperature condition were compared. The results displayed that spherical particles built of small crystallites were obtained after 10 h of room-temperature hydrothermal treatment; while with the same gel composition, the sodalite obtained for 10 h at 90 o C was large lepispherical particles. Moreover, the samples prepared at room temperature exhibited much higher Cd2+ sorption capacities, and the maximum adsorption capacities of Cd2+ were tested to be 84.2, 88.6, 92.9, and 98.2 mg/g for the sodalite synthesized with hydrogel Al2O3/SiO2 molar ratios of 0.43, 0.55, 0.68 and 0.84, respectively. The reasons can be due to its specific porous structure, large surface area, and more adsorption active sites. Additionally, the kinetics and isotherm analysis revealed that pseudo-second order model and Langmuir model agreed well with the adsorption processes. This work offered an economic synthesis method of sodalite to achieve efficient Cd2+ removal from aqueous solution.

Arene-, Chlorido-, and Imido-Uranium Bis- and Tris(boryloxide) Complexes.

We introduce the boryloxide ligand {(HCNDipp)2BO}- (NBODipp, Dipp = 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl) to actinide chemistry. Protonolysis of [U{N(SiMe3)2}3] with 3 equiv of NBODippH produced the uranium(III) tris(boryloxide) complex [U(NBODipp)3] (1). In contrast, treatment of UCl4 with 3 equiv of NBODippK in THF at room temperature or reflux conditions produced only [U(NBODipp)2(Cl)2(THF)2] (2) with 1 equiv of NBODippK remaining unreacted. However, refluxing the mixture of 2 and unreacted NBODippK in toluene instead of THF afforded the target complex [U(NBODipp)3(Cl)(THF)] (3). Two-electron oxidation of 1 with AdN3 (Ad = 1-adamantyl) afforded the uranium(V)-imido complex [U(NBODipp)3(NAd)] (4). The solid-state structure of 1 reveals a uranium-arene bonding motif, and structural, spectroscopic, and DFT calculations all suggest modest uranium-arene δ-back-bonding with approximately equal donation into the arene π4 and π5 δ-symmetry π* molecular orbitals. Complex 4 exhibits a short uranium(V)-imido distance, and computational modeling enabled its electronic structure to be compared to related uranium-imido and uranium-oxo complexes, revealing a substantial 5f-orbital crystal field splitting and extensive mixing of 5f |ml,ms⟩ states and mj projections. Complexes 1-4 have been variously characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, IR, UV/vis/NIR, and EPR spectroscopies, SQUID magnetometry, elemental analysis, and CONDON, F-shell, DFT, NLMO, and QTAIM crystal field and quantum chemical calculations.

Rapid copper-catalyzed friedel-crafts alkylation of indoles in 25 Minutes

Herein, a protocol for the rapid synthesis of 3,3′-Diindolylmethanes (DIMs) via coppercatalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles in 25 min has been developed. This protocol also has the advantage of H2O as a by-product, room temperature and air condition, prefunctionalization-free of indoles, good C-3 selectivity of indoles, broad substrate scope, good reactivity (TON of up to 19.6, TOF of 972 h-1) and excellent to quantitative yields. Notably, the obtained DIMs 5i (IC50 = 6.709 μM) and 5j (IC50 = 5.699 μM) exhibit good anticancer activities toward MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cells).

PtTe2 photodetectors with negative photoconductivity under different wavelength laser irradiation

Platinum telluride (PtTe2), as a newly emerged type II Dirac semimetal, has attracted much attention. Due to its excellent linear dispersive band structure and ultra-high carrier mobility, PtTe2 show great potential in the new quantum phenomena, topological phase transitions, unconventional superconductivity and other photodetecting fields. In this paper, we report the negative photoelectric effect of photodetectors based on the type II Dirac semimetal PtTe2 film under the laser irradiation of 405 nm, 532 nm and 808 nm. Under the condition of applying 1 V voltage, the R of the PtTe2 device under 405 nm laser irradiation was 20 A/W and the D* was 6.9×109 Jones; the R of the PtTe2 device under 532 nm laser irradiation was 1.3 A/W and the D* was 4.1×108 Jones; the R of the PtTe2 device under 808 nm laser irradiation was 0.6 A/W and the D* was 2.1×108 Jones. Under normal atmospheric pressure and room temperature conditions, we observed a negative photoconductivity phenomenon for the PtTe2 device, where the change in photoconductivity is attributed to the light-induced desorption of O or H2O molecules from the surface of the material. In addition, a single-site scanning imaging system based on a PtTe2 photodetector was designed to test the detection capability of the device. The analysis of the photocurrent effect produced by the PtTe2 device further deepens the understanding of the photoconductivity mechanism in the field of photodetection.

A Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanofibrous Sensor Doubly Decorated with Mesoporous Graphene to Selectively Detect Acetic Acid Vapors.

An original approach has been proposed for designing a nanofibrous (NF) layer using UV-cured polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a matrix, incorporating mesoporous graphene carbon (MGC) nanopowder both inside and outside the fibers, creating a sandwich-like structure. This architecture is intended to selectively adsorb and detect acetic acid vapors, which are known to cause health issues in exposed workers. The nanocomposite MGC-PVP-NFs layer was fabricated through electrospinning deposition onto interdigitated microelectrodes (IDEs) and stabilized under UV-light irradiation. To enhance the adhesion of MGC onto the surface of the nanocomposite polymeric fibers, the layer was dipped in a suspension of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and MGC. The resulting structure demonstrated promising electrical and sensing properties, including rapid responses, high sensitivity, good linearity, reversibility, repeatability, and selectivity towards acetic acid vapors. Initial testing was conducted in a laboratory using a bench electrometer, followed by validation in a portable sensing device based on consumer electronic components (by ARDUINO®). This portable system was designed to provide a compact, cost-effective solution with high sensing capabilities. Under room temperature and ambient air conditions, both laboratory and portable tests exhibited favorable linear responses, with detection limits of 0.16 and 1 ppm, respectively.

Effects of Carbon Black on Mechanical Properties and Oil Resistance of Liquid Silicone Rubber.

Liquid silicone rubber (LSR) garners attention across a diverse range of industries owing to its commendable fluidity and heat resistance. Nonetheless, its mechanical strength and oil resistance fall short compared to other rubbers, necessitating enhancement through the incorporation of a suitable filler. This research focuses on reinforcing LSR using carbon black (CB) particles as a filler, evaluating the mechanical properties and oil resistance of neat LSR, and LSR containing up to 3 wt% of CB filler. CB was added in powder form to investigate its effect on LSR. When LSR was impregnated with oil, the deterioration of rubber was noticeably observed under high-temperature conditions compared to room-temperature conditions. Consequently, the mechanical properties and oil resistance, excluding the permanent compression reduction rate, tended to increase as the filling content of CB increased compared to the unfilled state. Notably, in the specimen with 2 wt% CB filler, the tensile modulus increased significantly by 48% and the deterioration rate was reduced by about 50% under accelerated deterioration conditions. Additionally, the swelling rate in oil decreased by around 14%. This validates a notable improvement in both mechanical properties and oil resistance. Based on the identified mechanism for properties enhancement in this study, CB/LSR composite is expected to have a wide range of applications in fields such as gaskets, oil seals, and flexible sensors.

An Active Thermography approach for materials characterisation of thermal management systems for Lithium-ion batteries

The aim of this work is an alternative non destructive technique for estimating the thermal properties of four different Thermal Management System (TMS) materials. More in detail, a thermographic setup realized with the Active Thermography approach (AT) is utilized for the purpose and the data elaboration follows the ISO 18755 Standard.As well known, Phase Changes Materials (PCMs) represent an innovative solution in the Thermal Management System (TMS) of Lithium-Ion batteries and, during the years, many solutions were developed to improve its thermal properties. As a matter of fact, parameters such as the internal temperature or heat exchanges impact on both efficiency and safety of the whole battery system. Consequently, the thermal conductivity was often chosen as a performance indicator of Thermal Management System (TMS) materials.In this work, both thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity were estimated in two different testing conditions, respectively at room temperature and higher temperature conditions. The Active Thermography (AT) technique proposed in this activity has satisfactory estimated both thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of Thermal Management System (TMS) materials.An analytical model was also developed to reproduce the temperature experimental profiles. Finally, results obtained with AT approach were compared to those available from commercial datasheet and literature.

Mechanistic Investigation into Single-Electron Oxidative Addition of Single-Atom Cu(I)-N4 Site: Revealing the Cu(I)-Cu(II)-Cu(I) Catalytic Cycle in Photochemical Hydrophosphinylation.

Understanding the valency and structural variations of metal centers during reactions is important for mechanistic studies of single-atom catalysis, which could be beneficial for optimizing reactions and designing new protocols. Herein, we precisely developed a single-atom Cu(I)-N4 site catalyst via a photoinduced ligand exchange (PILE) strategy. The low-valent and electron-rich copper species could catalyze hydrophosphinylation via a novel single-electron oxidative addition (OA) pathway under light irradiation, which could considerably decrease the energy barrier compared with the well-known hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single electron transfer (SET) processes. The Cu(I)-Cu(II)-Cu(I) catalytic cycle, via single-electron oxidative addition and photoreduction, has been proven by multiple in situ or operando techniques. This catalytic system demonstrates high efficiency and requires room temperature conditions and no additives, which improves the turnover frequency (TOF) to 1507 h-1. In particular, this unique mechanism has broken through the substrate limitation and shows a broad scope for different electronic effects of alkenes and alkynes.

Chemically sprayed pristine and Cd 2+ incorporated Co2SnO4 thin films for low ppm level enhanced chemi - resistive behaviour towards dimethylamine detection at room temperature

The surge in hazardous volatile organic liquid emissions driven by the rapid growth of the manufacturing industry has compelled a rising demand for gas sensors, which exhibit remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, and room temperature operation. Ternary metal oxide spinel has indeed garnered significant attention in chemi-resistive gas sensors due to their large reactive surface area, physicochemical, and other unique properties. In this work, we have studied chemically sprayed pristine and Cd 2+ incorporated Co2SnO4 thin film as a sensing layer under room temperature (300 K) conditions. The 5 wt% Cd 2+ incorporated Co2SnO4 films unveiled a high sensor response to dimethylamine (DMA) gas (S = Igas/Iair = 6153 at 1 ppm), which was boosted by 8.89-fold times compared to pristine Co2SnO4 film, due to the large reactive surface area and enhanced defective oxygen vacancies. It has superior selectivity towards DMA gas, good response time (154 s) / recovery time (90 s), superior pro-longevity (S = 6138) after 60 days, stable repeatability (7 cycles), excellent cross-selectivity, and relative humid resistance at 300 K. This research work provides insights on Cd 2+ incorporated Co2SnO4 thin films and their feasibility in real-time gas sensing devices.