Role Of Volition Research Articles

The Role of Volition in Graduate Students’ Academic Writing

Due to Covid-19 outbreak, students and teachers experience a rapid shift from conventional to online learning which requires students to be more self-regulated learners. The purpose of this study is to discover how graduate students remain focused and keep devoting effort in academic writing task completion. This research employed a qualitative study involving 13 graduate students of the English Education Master Program of a private university in Indonesia. Data were collected by distributing questionnaire and conducting interview. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics. Further, open coding techniques were utilized to examine the interview data. There are three major findings drawn in this study, namely, volitional strategies used by students in the academic writing task, persistence amid pandemic situation, and the role of volition in maintaining students’ motivation. The themes describe how students show their determination during the goal-achievement process of academic writing assignments. Students frequently encounter hardships in their learning process which might distance themselves from accomplishing the learning demands. This study shed the light on fruitful merits of volition, particularly in driving students to stay focused despite challenges or distracting situation.

The effects of exploring novel environments on learning: Individual differences and the role of volition

The effects of exploring novel environments on learning: Individual differences and the role of volition

The sense and the meaning of cultural-historical theory of L. S. Vygotsky

L. S. Vygotsky’s principal idea, lying in the base of cultural-historical theory, is the primacy of sense over meaning. There are serious reasons to believe that this part of cultural-historical theory was not completely understood both by his disciples and his opponents. That’s why many Vygotsky’s conclusions and discoveries remained untapped. while others were implemented in science and practice quite di˙erently from what he suggested. Vygotsky once wrote that features of the particular science deeply related to its method. That’s why he introduced the experimental-genetic method (projective method in modern psychology), which allows modeling the processes of development. One of the basic concepts of cultural-historical theory is the concept of “cultural de-velopment”. A Cultural person, for Vygotsky, is the person, who can control not only their own behavior and actions but also their own psychic processes. On the one hand, modern psychology doesn’t deny the role of volition in child’s development. But on the other hand, the volition itself is typically understood as one’s ability to submit to laws and rules. More than that – it’s rather easy to create conditions where a person will submit to laws and rules, but it doesn’t develop his ability to control himself. In Vygotsky’s opinion, there are natural psychic functions, which in the process of learning transform into cultural ones. In this context, the main goal of learning is to create conditions for developing person’s ability to be the subject of his own behavior, activity and psychic.

Entrepreneurial intention and career choices: the role of volition

Developing entrepreneurship among students and helping them to build their career plans and improving their employability is the core of public policy in many countries in Europe (Branchet et al. in J Small Bus Enterp Dev 18(2):384–402, 2011). Following some empirical researches (Boissin et al. in J Small Bus Entrep 22(2):101–122, 2009), we know some predictive factors for the emergence of an entrepreneurial project. But another question remains largely unexplored: What are the psychological mechanisms that may interplay in entrepreneurial intention and career choices? Our research aims to demonstrate that entrepreneurship is an objective which relies entirely on willingness, and, therefore, is much more dependent on interpersonal features than on economic and environmental constraints. In particular, we wish to highlight the personal dynamics in shaping, maturing, and implementing a choice of entrepreneurial career in order to extract volitional characteristics of this career choice. The hypotheses are tested using data from interviews conducted with French students in business schools, engineering schools, and universities. Our dynamic approach to study the psychosocial processes involved in the definition of an entrepreneurial career helps to understand the interest of young people in the entrepreneurial process. This research has demonstrated that volition has a key role in binding an individual commitment to an ambitious career objective.

The role of volition in distance education: An exploration of its capacities

During the past two decades, volition, defined as the ability to stay task-focused and ward off distractions, has become of special relevance for educational research and practice. It describes how decreased motivation or negative emotions can be dealt with by applying action control strategies. However, despite its potential, an important area of education has neglected volitional considerations: distance education (DE). This seems paradoxical because by its very nature distance education requires a great deal of persistence and effort that is volitional. Consequently, the present paper introduces a conceptual framework built on volitional theories; it aims to augment traditional perspectives and to analyse major challenges to DE, such as dropout rates.
 
 The paper reports results from a longitudinal study (September 2007-July 2009) that was conducted to determine the factorial structure of the Volitional Persona Test (VPT), an online instrument to assess volitional competence, and to obtain detailed information on students’ volitional competence at a large DE university and at numerous traditional universities in German-speaking countries. It was demonstrated that the construct of volition can be subdivided into distinct factors, volitional self-efficacy, consequence control, emotion control, and meta-cognition, which may enable the development of support systems that are tailored to learners’ individual needs. Implications for future research are discussed.

Trust and Distrust in Work Relationships: A Grounded Approach

Most research on trust and distrust has proceeded from theorizing about the nature of trust, and deducing the key definitions of the phenomena, key components of the definitions, and important contributors to trust-building or distrust-building processes. While these approaches are conceptually appealing and appear to have face validity, little research on trust and distrust has evolved by beginning with layperson descriptions of actual trust and distrust events. The purpose of this study was to examine detailed descriptions of trust and distrust events and determine the most appropriate categories to distinguish within and between these events. Stories of trust and distrust were solicited, and a grounded theory approach was used to develop codes of these stories. Codes distinguished trust and distrust stories within and across the following dimensions: types of trust, how knowledge about the other is derived (the role of reputation), relationship between trustor and trustee, the role of time in trust-inducing and distrust-creating events, and the role of volition. Implications of these findings for trust theorizing, trust measurement and trust development are discussed.

The Role of Volition in Organizational Learning: The Case of Automotive Product Recalls

What is the role of volition in organizational learning? Do firms learn better in response to internal procedures or external mandates? Existing literature provides conflicting answers to this question, with some theories suggesting that volition is important for learning because autonomy increases commitment and problem analyses, whereas external mandates tend to produce defensive reactions that are not coupled to the organization in any useful way. Yet, other theories suggest that mandate is important for learning because external pressures act as jolts that help overcome organizational inertia, resulting in deep exploration of problems to prevent future surprises. We investigate this issue in the context of automakers learning from voluntary versus involuntary product recalls. Using data on all recalls experienced by automakers that sold passenger cars in the United States during the 1966–1999 period, we follow the learning-curve tradition in investigating the effects of voluntary and involuntary recalls on subsequent recall rates. We find that voluntary recalls result in more learning than mandated recalls when learning is measured as a reduction in subsequent involuntary recalls. This effect is at least partly because of shallower learning processes that result from involuntary recalls. The effect of volition, however, is different for generalist and specialist automakers. The results of this study suggest an important, yet understudied, determinant of the rate and effectiveness of learning—volition. The results also add to our knowledge of the different learning processes of generalist and specialist organizations.

Science as Will and Representation: Carnap, Reichenbach, and the Sociology of Science

This essay explores some of the issues raised as regards the relations of philosophy and sociology of science in the work of Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach. It argues that Hans Reichenbach's distinction between the contexts of discovery and justification should not be seen as erecting a principled normative/descriptive distinction that demarcates philosophy of science from sociology of science. The essay also raises certain issues about the role of volition, decision, and the limits of epistemological concern in the work of Carnap and Reichenbach and in some recent sociology of science. The relations of philosophy of science to sociology of science are seen to be more deeply rooted and more interesting than the Science Warriors would have us believe.

Pharyngeal swallowing elicited by fluid infusion: role of volition and vallecular containment.

Nonalimentary swallows minimize aspiration by clearing accumulated fluid from the pharynx. This study aimed to define 1) the pharyngeal sensory field to elicit swallowing and 2) the effect of infusion rate, volition, taste, and temperature on pharyngeal swallows. Test solutions were directed into the valleculae at 6.5, 11.5, and 32 ml/min through a catheter in eight healthy volunteers. Deglutition was signaled with electromyography and electroglottography. Spatial distribution of infusate before swallowing was studied using videofluoroscopy coupled with a video timer. Volitional control was assessed with rapid or restrained swallows. Pharyngeal swallow latency decreased as the instillation rate increased, was potently modified with volition, and was unchanged by infusate taste or temperature. Water infusion into the valleculae did not trigger pharyngeal swallowing until liquids overflowed and reached the aryepiglottic folds or pyriform sinuses. The variation in swallow latency among flow rates was mainly due to the duration of liquid containment within the valleculae. This suggests that the valleculae act to contain pharyngeal secretions and residue and prevent aspiration by diverting their contents around the larynx before swallowing.

Chapter 7: The Role of Volition in Learning and Performance

Chapter 7: The Role of Volition in Learning and Performance

The Role of Volition in Learning and Performance

The Role of Volition in Learning and Performance

Therapeutic implications of Hahnemann's theories on tumour development

The first paper of this trilogy 1 looked at Hahnemann's views on the hierarchy of causal factors that contribute to tumour development. The aim now is to discuss their implications concerning available therapies. Before pursuing this I will briefly summarize the hierarchy of causes of tumour development evident in Hahnemann's writings. At the most obvious physical level he refers to the influence of poor or inappropriate diet, inadequate drainage and chronic poisoning. Next he discusses the effect of processes that today would be described as repressed emotions or repressive ideas. Finally, his hierarchy refers to the role of a comprehensive understafiding and volition or initiation. In other words, he surveys a spectrum of causes ranging from basic physical determinants, through psychological vectors to subtle and not easily understood levels of consciousness today sometimes described by such terms as collective understanding and free will. All these aspects, he argues, can contribute to the development of chronic diseases in general and tumours in particular. Similarly each aspect has a related therapeutic application. This paper will look at these concepts and related therapies in three stages. First, those with a physical emphasis, second those related particularly to psychological factors and, third, the ways in which therapy can emphasize the role of volition. Since it may be argued that a correct use of homoeopathic remedies and Iscador is relevant to all these aspects, they will be considered in a fourth and final section.