Role Of MRI In Detection Research Articles

Role of MRI in Detection and Staging of Urinary Bladder Malignancy using VI-RADS.

Role of MRI in Detection and Staging of Urinary Bladder Malignancy using VI-RADS.

Role of MRI in cerebral ischemic stroke

Background: Cerebral ischemic stroke remains the leading cause of death and disability in many countries. Objectives: to study the Role of MRI in detection of cerebral ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: All patients referred to the Department of Radio-Diagnosis with clinically suspected cerebral ischemic stroke in a period of 2 years. The main source of data for the study are patients from the following teaching hospitals attached to Bapuji Educational Association, J.J.M. Medical College, Davangere. (Bapuji Hospital, Chigateri General Hospital, Women & Child Health Care). All MRI scans were performed on a 1.5 T Philips Achieva. Results: 150 patients who were clinically suspected of cerebral ischemic stroke were subjected to MRI study of the brain. Among these 150 patients, 77.33% had infarcts, 10.33% had intracerebral hemorrhage, 5.31% patients had cerebrovenous thrombosis, 4% patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage and 3.03% patients had tumours. However 5 patients had normal scans and was excluded from our series. MCA territory (L>R) was the commonest territory involved in patients with cerebral infarction Conclusion: Our study observed that diffusion weighted imaging add sensitivity and specificity to the standard MR evaluation.

Cervical Malignancies: Status of MRI

Cervical malignancies account for 14% of all female malignancies. Revised FIGO staging guidelines of 2018 give importance to and take into consideration the imaging findings. This article aims to review the role of MRI in preoperative as well as postoperative evaluation of these malignancies. A systematic literature review was conducted through online databases including PubMed and Medline. Relevant publications on the role of MRI in detection, staging and follow-up of cervical malignancies were reviewed and included in the analysis. MRI has emerged as the most sensitive noninvasive imaging modality for accurately assessing the tumor volume, parametrial invasion, pelvic wall/lymph node involvement and bladder or rectal invasion. Dynamic contrast studies with diffusion-weighted imaging can help in the evaluation of recurrence of the disease as well as in differentiating metastatic nodes from infective nodes. MRI with advanced techniques like dynamic contrast studies and diffusion-weighted imaging is the most sensitive imaging modality available today for pre- and post-treatment cervical malignancies.

Role of MRI in Detection and Local Staging of Rectal Cancer

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related death worldwide. An accurate preop-erative rectal cancer staging is crucial to the correct manage-ment of the disease. Despite great controversy around this issue, pelvic magnetic resonance is said to be the standard modality. Aim of Study: The aim of this study is to assess the role of MRI in detection and local staging of rectal cancer. Patients and Methods: 30 patients with rectal carcinoma were included with MRI and histopathological assessment of cancer staging to evaluate MRI accuracy. All patients received pre-operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: T3 staging with MRI, calculation of sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value were 73.3%, 40%, 60% and 55% respectively. T4 staging with MRI, cal-culation of sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value were 100%, 77%, 100% and 40% respectively. Conclusion: MRI has a good sensitivity for tumor staging and nodal staging.

The role of MRI in Detection and Characterization of Benign Hepatic Focal Lesions

Abstract Background The benign and malignant hepatic foci are a common disease in recent times. The most benign lesions are in non cirrhotic liver. The main goals of MRI liver techniques are detection and characterization of equivocal hepatic focal lesions with indeterminate results by other diagnostic modalities e.g. US or CT. Aim of the Study to describe the role of MRI in early detection and characterization of benign Hepatic focal lesions. Using unenhancement, contrast enhancement and diffusion weighted MR images; for better patient management plan. Patients and Methods This study conducted on 25 patients; four patients of them have 2 different HFL, suspicion of Hepatic focal lesions on the basis of US and/or CT. The study took place at Ain Shams University hospital. Results Present study revealed that maximum percentage of MRI finding in benign HFL is Hemangioma (37.93%) followed by Simple hepatic cyst (27.59%). The most common benign HFL are low signal intensity in T1 precontrast study and the most common benign HFL are High signal intensity in T2 precontrast study. Also, the most benign HFL show no restriction diffusion. Conclusion Benign hepatic focal lesions are frequently encountered in clinical practice and their characterization may be sometimes difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI has more advantages than ultrasound, computed tomography CT in diagnosing and characterization of focal hepatic masses. With a combination of basic T1 and T2 weighted sequences, diffusion weighted imaging DWI, and use of contrast agents, most liver lesions can be adequately diagnosed.

Role of MRI in evaluation of wrist ligament injury

Aims The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of MRI in detection of wrist ligament injury. Patients and methods We performed coronal PDW, coronal PDWSPIR, coronal T2-weighted, coronal gradient, and coronal STIR in 20 patients complaining of wrist pain. The authors assessed images for the integrity of lunotriquetral ligament (LTL), scapholunate ligament (SLL), and TFCC tears. Then the authors compared imaging findings with arthroscopic data in 16 patients who underwent arthroscopy (gold standard). Results A total of 12 TFCC tears were detected arthroscopically, whereas nine were found on MRI. MRI sensitivity in the diagnosis of TFCC tears was 92.31%. Eight SLL tears were found arthroscopically, whereas three tears were detected on MRI. MRI sensitivity in detecting SLL tears was 42.86%. Three LTL tears were diagnosed arthroscopically, whereas we found two LTL tears on MRI. MRI sensitivity in detecting LTL tears was 33.33%. Conclusion MRI has an excellent role in the diagnosis of the TFCC tear with high sensitivity and specificity but less accurate in the evaluation of SLL and LTL injuries.

Role of MRI in Detection of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy

Role of MRI in Detection of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy

MRI ASSESSMENT OF MUSCULAR LESIONS IN LOWER LIMB

Background: Muscle disease is a disorder caused by derangement of the structure or function of muscle fiber, blood supplyand/or connective tissue element of the muscle ,the combination of clinical examination and MRI could improve the accuracy of phenotypic characterization of patients with muscular lesions, This may also be very helpful in the assessment of the degree of muscle compromise not only in the early phases of the disease but also during the follow-up and can be used especially in therapeutic trials. Aim of the work: To assess the role of MRI in detection and evaluation of muscle diseases and its prognostic value for the follow up. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at the radiology department Ain Shams university, it included thirty patients, they all had clinical diagnosis have of muscular diseases of the lower limb, fulfilled inclusion criteria. Results: The sensitivity of MRI in detection of malignant lesions compared to histo-pathology and clinical diagnosis as gold standered was 83.3%, specificity was 91.7% and accuracy was 90%,76.7% of the studied cases had a benign which was lesion most frequently a hemangioma (10%), also 23.3% of the patients had a malignant lesion which was most frequently metastasis from other tumors (13.3%). Conclusion: MRI is the modality of choice in evaluating lower limb muscular lesions due to its high soft tissue contrast resolution, and multi-planar capabilities. MRI may allow clinicians to more accurately estimate the time required before patient can return tonormal life as well as the risk of recurrent injury.

Role of MRI in prostate cancer detection

The standard approach for the detection of prostate cancer--prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening followed by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsy--has low sensitivity and provides limited information about the true extent and aggressiveness of the cancer. Improved methods are needed to assess the extent and aggressiveness of the cancer and to identify patients who will benefit from therapy. In recent years, there has been tremendous development of acquisition and processing tools for physiological and metabolic MRI techniques which play a potential role in the detection, localization and characterization of prostate cancer, such as dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and/or proton MR spectroscopic imaging ((1)H MRSI). The standard protocol for prostate MRI without the use of a contrast agent involves multi-planar T1 -weighted MRI, T2 -weighted MRI and DW-MRI. This review discusses the potential role of MRI in the detection of prostate cancer, specifically describing the status of MRI as a tool for guiding targeted prostate biopsies and for detecting cancer in the untreated and treated gland. In addition, future areas of MRI research are briefly discussed. Groups conducting clinical trials should consider the recommendations put forward by the European Consensus Meeting, which state that the minimum requirements for prostate MRI are T1 -weighted MRI, T2 -weighted MRI, DCE-MRI (which involves the use of a contrast agent) and DW-MRI with a pelvic phased-array coil and propose the use of transperineal template mapping biopsies as the optimal reference standard.

Bladder cancer: utility of MRI in detection of occult muscle-invasive disease

The presence of muscularis propria invasion by bladder cancer is a key factor in prognosis and treatment decisions, although may be missed by biopsy due to sampling error. MRI has shown potential for detection of muscle invasion but has not specifically been evaluated for this purpose in the setting of bladder cancer patients without evidence of muscle invasion on initial biopsy. To evaluate the role of MRI in detection of muscularis propria invasion by bladder cancer following a pathologic diagnosis of non-invasive tumor. This retrospective study included 23 patients who underwent pelvic MRI following a pathologic diagnosis of bladder cancer without muscularis propria invasion and in whom additional histologic evaluation was performed following MRI. Two radiologists in consensus reviewed T2-weighted images to identify those cases suspicious for muscle invasion on MRI. The radiologists identified whether cases suspicious for invasion demonstrated disruption of the T2-hypointense muscularis layer of the bladder wall, peri-vesical fat stranding, and peri-vesical soft tissue nodularity. Findings were compared with pathologic results obtained after MRI. Suspicion was raised for muscle invasion in eight of 23 cases, four of which exhibited invasion on follow-up pathology. No case without suspicion on MRI exhibited invasion on follow-up pathology. Therefore, sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 79%, respectively. Among individual findings, muscularis disruption on T2WI exhibited sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 79%, peri-vesical fat stranding exhibited sensitivity and specificity of 50% and 84%, and peri-vesical soft tissue nodularity exhibited sensitivity and specificity of 25% and 100%. MRI demonstrated high sensitivity for detection of muscle invasion in cases of bladder cancer without invasion on initial histologic assessment. Muscularis disruption on T2WI appeared to exhibit a better combination of sensitivity and specificity than did peri-vesical changes.