The administration of a Neurology training program requires dynamic leadership. Training programs will have many internal and external challenges. The ability to prepare for these challenges is variable. This paper reviews three cases: (1) The resident who is failing to meet competency in the program, (2) the impact of the growing Vascular Neurology workload, and (3) the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on neurology training, and how these were handled within our system. The objective of this paper is to provide a road map for addressing these challenges by learning how to identify the problem, utilize available resources, and maximize communication.

Peri-operative medicine is a critical component of contemporary healthcare delivery. Despite significant advancements, peri-operative complications remain a relevant concern. Obtaining reliable risk estimates, identifying potential causes, and studying new interventions, revised policies or implementation of best practices to prevent complications, requires data from a large number of participants. Electronic Patient Record systems offer the opportunity to unlock these data, but the limited standardisation of databases and sharing frameworks available across Europe limit the effective use of the available data. We propose creating a European peri-operative shared data registry with continuous data collection, integrating clinical, bedside monitoring and outcome data in a collaborative network. Such network would facilitate outcomes research, could serve as a platform to optimise clinical practices by fostering quality improvement through benchmarking of care delivered by departments or individual physicians, and could be used to evaluate policy changes. This ESAIC initiative aligns well with the development of the European Health Data Space. This article provides examples of contemporary clinical research and practice evaluation questions to illustrate the need for a European collaborative data-sharing network, highlights inspiring examples of existing data-sharing initiatives and describes a road map to establish such network.

Early-life neighborhood resources and later-life cognitive function.

Cross Reality (CR) is a new emerging field based on the current developments in Mixed Reality hardware, especially supported by the broad market penetration of video-based see-through Head-Mounted Displays. It refers to applications that span across different stages (real, Augmented Reality, Augmented Virtuality, Virtual Reality) of the reality-virtuality continuum, where users are interconnected between different stages and/or are able to transition between these stages. This publication follows the concept of other grand challenges publications and reflects the discussion of various researchers invested in CR. After an initial discussion at the 1st Joint Workshop on Cross Reality at IEEE ISMAR 2023, six topic groups have been identified, leading to 22 challenges, which were discussed in groups over the period of multiple months. The discussion of these challenges should act as a road map for future research in the area of CR.

Accelerating AOP Development in the AOP-Wiki with AI: A Practical Road Map for the Community.

Handling Large scale RFID network is most important for Tracking and Locating objects in the Intelligent Transportation System and IoT based RFID networks. This research work focuses to build the road map with RFID support without interference of satellite. The cluster-based RFID network can be supported to enlarge the RFID network. In this paper, proposes the Novel Community Evolution Analysis (NCEA) method for selecting cluster heads, designed to tackle both strong and weak events within the network. The traditional clustering method may miss some weak events occurrences and its leads to impact the efficiency of cluster head selection of the cluster network. To identify this problem, our method incorporates the required strong and weak events. This proposed method concentrates the energy management and cluster head selection management accurately. Also, the cluster head selection may happen through high energy node and close neighbor node to all the participated nodes in the cluster. The cluster head selection can be happened by different events such as form, disappear, shrink, expand, split, merge. The NCEA approach demonstrates an accuracy of 98%, a vulnerability rate of 20%, a success rate of 89%, a latency of 11.4 s, and a throughput of 93%. These results highlight the effectiveness of our method in enhancing the energy efficiency and overall performance of large-scale RFID networks.

Teaching phonics-that is, systematic mappings between letters and sounds-plays a foundational role in how children learn to read in alphabetical writing systems. Although the reading sciences yield important insights into the factors underlying effective phonics instruction, these findings have not been sufficiently linked to key decisions that teachers must make in the classroom-for instance, which spelling-sound regularities to teach, in what order to introduce them, how to illustrate them with example words, and when to teach exception words. We first show that existing phonics programs provide varying guidance on these aspects, which may affect learning outcomes in ways that are poorly understood. We then discuss how research on reading and learning can inform key considerations regarding the use of effective phonics content. We also highlight gaps in current knowledge that remain to be addressed by further work. Finally, we outline a road map for how future research could support the design and selection of optimized phonics content, thus benefiting the professional practice of diverse stakeholders in education.

The integration of virtual reality (VR) into clinical sciences education offers transformative potential for enhancing experiential learning and clinical training. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for integrating VR into clinical sciences education, using a case study from a speech-language pathology (SLP) program. It provides a roadmap for aligning VR integration with program and institutional goals, ensuring sustainability, and fostering stakeholder collaboration. Key components of the integration process are identified, and a case study on the implementation of the Bodyswaps VR platform for training active listening skills in SLP students is presented to illustrate the practical application and benefits of VR in clinical education. Preliminary findings indicate that VR integration increased student engagement and self-efficacy and improved clinical competencies. This paper concludes with reflections on the challenges and future directions of VR adoption in higher education. The roadmap presented serves as a scalable model for other programs seeking to leverage VR to enhance educational outcomes, boost student engagement, and prepare students for a technologically advanced workforce.

Microbial symbionts can dramatically reshape host biology, triggering cascading effects that alter the strength, direction, or even presence of interactions among macroorganisms. However, integrating microbes into community-level understanding remains a major ecological challenge. Using insect-facultative symbiont systems as a model, we show how ecological network analyses can reveal these hidden layers of complexity for a deeper, mechanistic understanding of community functioning. By combining testable hypotheses with tools such as multilayer networks or stochastic coextinction models and interaction rewiring, we provide a road map for uncovering how symbionts drive ecological and evolutionary dynamics, opening new possibilities for empirical studies that link microbial traits to ecosystem-level impacts.

Woehrle, L. (Director, Executive Producer). (2025). A Binding Truth. Good Docs. 58 mins. A Binding Truth documents the path two men have taken (and are still taking) to reconcile their shared family history of slavery: descendants from the slave holder and the enslaved. Jimmie Lee and Hugh “De” Fitzpatrick were classmates when Myers Park High School in Charlotte, NC was first de-segregated. However, they did not come together as friends until 40+ years later, when a newspaper story on Jimmie Lee’s high school football career led to De reaching out. Those phone calls began a shared exploration of their connected family history, a history that Jimmie Lee revealed to De – that De’s ancestor enslaved Jimmie’s. The documentary explores how the two men worked together to find the truth behind their pasts, and to share that truth with others. And, in a way outlining a potential road map for continued dialogue where the United States can begin to face its own history and move through it. Each of the men work through their emotions and reactions in different ways. One might say that the documentary glosses over some of the complex and negative feelings such an exploration brings about. But, instead the film is documenting the men after they have worked through those emotions, and shows that reconciliation and accounting can happen, and we don’t have to stay stuck in those feelings of guilt, anger, shame, and isolation. The film focuses more on Jimmie’s family and life experiences: from the prejudices that he had high school football star to discovering a more accepting community as a “hippie” in Oregon. His impoverished upbringing in rural North Carolina, to a vibrant African American community that was destroyed to make way for an expanding Charlotte. Time is also spent on De’s experiences and his family. His fight against the racism and white supremacy of his father, uncles, and further ancestors. The film allows space for the folks it follows, and the audience, to sit in the complex and messy personal connections between people. Relationships that exist throughout the South, and the United States beyond. It shows how we can hold space for the emotive responses we have to that painful history, while still moving forward to shine light on the truth of slavery in the United State and the consequences that it has had for American society. The eloquence of De, Jimmie, and the other individuals highlighted create an engaging experience for the audience. The cinematography, and their choice to super-impose old images onto the video, helps to highlight past individuals and places that no longer exist, and gives life to the stories and experiences being shared. This film is highly recommended for upper-level high school through college and the general public. It could be beneficial as required view or supplemental material for a history class, sociology, or any class related to US history or race in the US. Awards won include: Best Feature Documentary, Twin Cities Black Film Festival Best Documentary, Twin Cities Film Festival Founders Award, International Black Film Festival Finalist, Best Feature Documentary, Richard Harris International Film Festival (Ireland) Best Feature Documentary, Florence Film Festival (Italy) Best Documentary, RIFF Ramashwarma International Film Festival (India)

Since more than 2.2 billion people worldwide suffer from visual impairment, assistive technology is an importantfield of study. Intelligent systems that assist blind and visually impaired (VI) people in their daily lives have been made possible by recent developments in computer vision, natural language processing, and edge artificial intelligence. Edge platforms like the NVIDIA Jetson family offer low latency, privacy, and offline dependability in contrast to cloud-based solutions. This survey critically evaluates more than fifty commercialand academic systems in three areas: (1) deep learning modelsfor object detection, image captioning, and OCR; (2) assistive applications for navigation, object recognition, and scene understanding; and (3) embedded hardware that allows for real-time inference under resource constraints. We examine usability gaps incommercialproductsandtrade-offsbetweenenergy,accuracy, and latency. Strict wearable energy budgets, limited reproducibility, multi- lingualaccessibility,anddatasetbiasaresomeofthemainobstacles.Additionallycoveredarepromisingavenueslikemultimodal fusion,voice-basedinteraction,federatedlearning,andculturally diverse datasets. For researchers and practitioners creating the upcoming generation of AI-powered accessibility technologies, this work acts as a road map.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected Female Reproductive Health (FRH), intensifying physiological and psychological conditions such as amenorrhea and postpartum related issues. While clinical studies have well-documented these impacts on FRH, no studies empirically tested health communication interventions, revealing a significant research gap. This scoping review bridges this gap, mapping evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on FRH and probing the untapped potential of communication strategies to mitigate these impacts. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, BMJ Global Health, and Frontiers (2021-2024) for peer-reviewed studies. The 13 included studies documented menstrual irregularities in 50-67% of women post-infection/vaccination, fertility rate declines of 18 per 100,000 women, and postpartum depression prevalence of 25.27%. Eligibility criteria included Women of reproductive age (15-49 years) affected by COVID-19's impact and implemented strategies addressing these impacts post-pandemic. We proposed integrating robust trauma-informed communication road map such as digital health literacy programs and community-led strategic initiatives.

ABSTRACT Kevin Jared Hosein is a celebrated Trinidadian novelist, short story writer, and poet, whose works provide an evocative and rich portrayal of Trinidadian history and sociocultural reality. While his novel, Hungry Ghosts, won the Walter Scott Prize for Historical Fiction in 2024, his earlier works have also received accolades, including the Commonwealth Short Story Prize in 2018. In this interview, Hosein gives his insights about Hungry Ghosts, his journey as a writer, and his distinct approaches towards literary forms like novels, short stories, and poems. He touches on the recurring depictions of Trinidad and children in his works, foregrounding the unique challenges and possibilities he highlights through these representations. This interview explores Hosein’s sustained efforts to render Trinidad’s landscape and Trinidadian Creole as integral to his literary practice. It further elicits Hosein’s take on the changing sociocultural and literary landscape of postcolonial Trinidad, and his road map for future works.

Haul roads in surface mining are critical infrastructure directly influencing operational productivity, safety, and costs. However, these networks change frequently due to ongoing mining activities, making traditional mapping methods impractical for large-scale or rapidly evolving sites. Remote sensing imagery offers a scalable alternative, yet complex backgrounds, variable road widths, and spectral similarities between roads and surrounding surfaces make accurate extraction challenging. This study proposes HRM-Net, a hybrid transformer–CNN autoencoder framework for automated extraction of mine haul roads from remote sensing imagery. HRM-Net introduces inception-like patch embedding to capture local contextual information and employs a manifold-constrained hyper-connection strategy in the attention and fusion blocks to enhance information flow across the architecture. This hierarchical design enables progressive learning of discriminative semantic representations across multiple spatial resolutions, critical for road extraction in cluttered mining environments. Trained and evaluated on diverse mine sites, HRM-Net achieved 92.53% overall accuracy, 85.12% F1-score, 75.57% mIoU, 83.57% precision, and 86.94% recall, outperforming state-of-the-art transformer-based and CNN-based segmentation models. Furthermore, model interpretability was analyzed through linear probing and boundary alignment evaluations. Results demonstrate that discriminative features emerge at early network stages and are effectively preserved throughout the architecture, while boundary predictions exhibit superior consistency compared to existing approaches.

Bacteria living inside tumors can influence how cancer grows and responds to treatment, but the field has been hampered by controversy over the reliability of the data. Our study provides a much-needed road map for researchers. We rigorously tested the massive Cancer Genome Atlas data set and developed a statistical framework to separate true biological signals from random noise. We discovered that many widely reported links are statistically unreliable and likely false leads. Importantly, our framework successfully pinpoints trustworthy signals. We used it to identify a specific bacterium, Streptococcus anginosus, and proved in the lab that it makes oral cancer cells grow faster and spread. Our publicly available Multi-Omics and Microbiome Associations in Cancer 2 (MOMAC2) web portal now allows scientists to use these reliability-graded findings to accelerate robust cancer microbiome research.

AI-Enabled Inclusive Oral-Systemic Integrated Care (AI-IOC+): An Equitable, Learning Framework for Managing Polypharmacy, Multimorbidity, and Special Health Needs Throughout Life

Most firms routinely gather vast amounts of data as part of doing business. Monetizing this proprietary data is an increasingly attractive revenue stream for many of these firms. Two fundamental decisions need to be made when deciding to sell, the first involving a choice between selling exclusively to a single buyer or nonexclusively to many, and the second related to what exactly should be sold—just the data or a data product that bundles data with analytics services. As firms often resort to bargaining to arrive at sale agreements, we analyze these decisions through the lens of a bargaining framework. When the buyer needs help from a third-party consultant, she too needs to make a decision—between negotiating separately with the seller and the consultant, and with both of them simultaneously. We find that there are situations where sellers can benefit from bundling the data with analytics services even when their analytics capabilities are weak relative to those of external consultants. Simultaneous negotiations enable buyers to extract more of the consultant’s contribution, making them preferable to buyers when consultants add substantial value. Broadly, this study provides a road map for structuring contracts to firms considering the sale of their proprietary data.

On 1 April 2016, the accounting profession witnessed a structural change when India converged its accounting standards to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). IFRS-converged Indian accounting standards (Ind AS), based on principle-based standards, differ from their existing domestic rule-based accounting standards (AS). The convergence substantially impacts the Ind AS-compliant firms’ reporting frameworks and audit costs. Considering these, the current study examines the impact on audit costs of selected Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)-listed firms. Applying the signalling and institutional theoretical lens, it adopts a longitudinal study design and assesses the CMEI ProwessIQ database, the S&P BSE 200 index and annual reports of the selected firms. A total of 105 sample firms were chosen by applying a simple random sampling technique covering a study period of 14 financial years (2009–2022). Applying inferential statistical tools, namely fixed-effect penal regression together with difference-in-difference, it tests hypotheses. Empirical results suggest that Ind AS implementation is associated with an approximately 47.7% increase in audit fees, driven by declining audit efficiency, increased risk associated with fair value measurements and a premium linked with the firm’s expertise. It offers practical implications, acknowledges a few limitations and links those with a future research road map.

Drawing on stakeholder theory, this study examines the impact of corporate digital strategies on ESG ratings in China using a dataset of Chinese A-share manufacturing companies from 2009 to 2024. This study constructs a digital transformation index through textual mining of the company's annual report and uses the Huazheng evaluation system as an proxy for ESG performance. Using a two-way fixed-effects model to consider unobserved heterogeneity, we will examine the direct effect of digitalisation; Additionally, it can be analysed whether there are differences in this influence across various categories of property rights or between corporations at different stages of maturity. According to our empirical analysis, digitalisation helps to improve companies' ESG performance to a certain degree. This shows that with the help of digital technology, information transparency has been enhanced; resource allocation is more efficient, and sustainable governance capability has improved. Analyses show that the promotion effect is relatively greater among state-owned enterprises; and older firms benefit more from it. New evidence on the connection between digital transformation and environmental social governance (ESG) in transitional Economies, and map out a road map for all parties to promote the effective implementation of the Digital Strategy that is ESF-oriented.

In this manuscript we examine relevant literature and resources related to crisis communication and responses to student deaths. More importantly, we explore the personal experiences of two faculty members from a small academic unit as they navigated three student deaths in rapid succession. There was no road map or crisis response plan for faculty when it came to these instances of student deaths. Nor was there a plan for how to communicate to and with institutional administrators and the public. So here, we reflect on our on-the-ground reactive actions, we leverage our lessons with the tenets of Crisis Resilience Pedagogy (CRP) to provide the guidance for how faculty may better prepare, experience, and respond to such tragic losses.