Risky Group Research Articles

Breast cancer survival in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rates and predictors.

Evidence on breast cancer survival and factors affecting survival is crucial for evaluating treatment effectiveness and formulating breast cancer control strategies. Although original research has been conducted on the survival rate of breast cancer patients and their determinants in Ethiopia, there is a shortage of comprehensive scientific evidence. The present study systematically reviewed literature on the survival rate of breast cancer patients and the predictors of survival in Ethiopia. A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, HINARI, Global Index Medicus, and Google Scholar databases up to August 26, 2024. Without any design restrictions, studies on breast cancer patients that measured survival at different time points in Ethiopia were included. The results are summarized in a table, the survival rates are pooled, and risk factors are narratively synthesized. To assess the risk of bias, the Newcastle Ottawa Scale was utilized. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. Potential publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot. To examine robustness, a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed. The pooled survival rates in the first, second, third, fifth, and sixth years were 90%, 70%, 68%, 46%, and 44%, respectively. Advanced age, lower socioeconomic status, late clinical stage, delayed diagnosis, higher histological grade, metastasis, lymph node involvement, presence of comorbidity, tumor size, and estrogen receptor positive were factors that increased the risk of mortality in the included studies. Survival rate of breast cancer patients in later time including fifth and sixth years was comparably lower than other countries. It is crucial to raise awareness about breast cancer screening, early diagnosis, and therapy initiation to increase the survival rate of breast cancer patients in Ethiopia. In addition, it is important to emphasize the risky population groups, which includes those with lower socioeconomic status and advanced clinical parameters.

Feels good, and less bad: Problematic use of the Internet is associated with heightened experiences of both gratification and compensation.

During the development of addictive behaviors, theoretical models assume a shift from experience of gratification being a driver in early stages to experience of compensation which dominates at later stages of addiction development. Initial studies show a trend in this direction; however, this shift has not yet been investigated in clinical samples. We assume experienced gratification to be highest in individuals with risky use (indicating the beginning of the addiction process), and compensation to be highest in individuals with pathological use. Data from 834 participants from a multi-center study (FOR2974) investigating specific Internet-use disorders (IUDs) including gaming, buying-shopping, pornography use, and social-network use disorders were analyzed about Experience of Gratification (EGS) and Experience of Compensation (ECS), symptom severity, use expectancies, and usage motives. A diagnostic interview based on DSM-5 criteria for gaming disorder was used to classify individuals into either non-problematic, risky, or pathological use group. The groups (non-problematic,risky, pathological) differed significantly regarding EGS and ECS. Individuals with pathological use reported highest experiences of compensation but equally high experienced gratification as individuals with risky use. Effects vary with respect to the specific behavior. All measures correlated significantly. Symptom severity was most strongly associated with facets of compensation. The experience of gratification and compensation appear to be crucial for addiction-like Internet use. Experienced gratification is already high in individuals experiencing first negative consequences and appear to be stable in individuals with pathological use indicating the relevance of both positive and negative reinforcement during the addiction processes.

Cyberchondria Screening in Pregnant Women Applying to The Outpatient Clinics of a Training and Research Hospital

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the level of cyberchondria in pregnant women admitted to a training and research hospital, to determine the effective sociodemographic factors and to increase the awareness of physicians about risky groups. Methods: The data form prepared by the authors by reviewing the literature and The Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) were applied to pregnant women who applied to Family Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient clinics. In the Data Form, educational status, risky situations experienced during pregnancy, presence of chronic diseases, etc. were questioned. All pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were invited to participate in the study without any randomisation and until sufficient data was obtained. Results: A significant relationship was found between cyberchondria total score and education, chronic disease, gestational week and information sources. The difference between compulsion score and risky situation in pregnancy, distress score and choice of information source, mistrust of medical professional score and education and gestational week, excessiveness score and education and having a chronic disease, and reassurance score according to age groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: It is important for health professionals to approach more carefully to pregnant women who experience hypothyroidism during pregnancy, prefer the internet as a source of information, are university graduates, have chronic diseases and are in the first trimester. Keywords: pregnancy, anxiety, internet

CitySEIRCast: an agent-based city digital twin for pandemic analysis and simulation

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically highlighted the importance of developing simulation systems for quickly characterizing and providing spatio-temporal forecasts of infection spread dynamics that take specific accounts of the population and spatial heterogeneities that govern pathogen transmission in real-world communities. Developing such computational systems must also overcome the cold-start problem related to the inevitable scarce early data and extant knowledge regarding a novel pathogen’s transmissibility and virulence, while addressing changing population behavior and policy options as a pandemic evolves. Here, we describe how we have coupled advances in the construction of digital or virtual models of real-world cities with an agile, modular, agent-based model of viral transmission and data from navigation and social media interactions, to overcome these challenges in order to provide a new simulation tool, CitySEIRCast, that can model viral spread at the sub-national level. Our data pipelines and workflows are designed purposefully to be flexible and scalable so that we can implement the system on hybrid cloud/cluster systems and be agile enough to address different population settings and indeed, diseases. Our simulation results demonstrate that CitySEIRCast can provide the timely high resolution spatio-temporal epidemic predictions required for supporting situational awareness of the state of a pandemic as well as for facilitating assessments of vulnerable sub-populations and locations and evaluations of the impacts of implemented interventions, inclusive of the effects of population behavioral response to fluctuations in case incidence. This work arose in response to requests from county agencies to support their work on COVID-19 monitoring, risk assessment, and planning, and using the described workflows, we were able to provide uninterrupted bi-weekly simulations to guide their efforts for over a year from late 2021 to 2023. We discuss future work that can significantly improve the scalability and real-time application of this digital city-based epidemic modelling system, such that validated predictions and forecasts of the paths that may followed by a contagion both over time and space can be used to anticipate the spread dynamics, risky groups and regions, and options for responding effectively to a complex epidemic.

Differences in Perceived Stress, Subjective Well-Being, and Psychosocial Variables by Game Use Type.

This study examined the differences in perceived stress, subjective well-being, psychosocial variables, and differences in parents' parenting styles according to game use type among Korean adults. The study involved 300 participants in their 20s and 30s, a demographic typically associated with frequent gaming. Data were collected through an online survey company, and analyses were conducted using SPSS 25.0, including correlation, cluster, ANOVA, and correspondence analyses. The results showed that the general and adaptive game use groups had significantly lower levels of perceived stress than the maladaptive and risky game use groups. Additionally, the adaptive game use group exhibited significantly higher subjective well-being than the maladaptive game use group. In terms of psychosocial characteristics, except for the general game use group, none of the other groups considered online gaming as addictive. Parenting styles showed significant differences in relation to game use in adulthood. Notably, democratic parenting styles were associated with the general and adaptive game use groups, whereas neglectful parenting styles were linked to the risky game use group. These findings suggest that the risky game use group is as vulnerable to stress as the maladaptive game use group, emphasizing the need for targeted screening and social attention for the risky game use group.

Analysis of genetic association between exon polymorphisms of ADH4 and ADH7 and risky drinking behavior of alcoholic liver disease

To analyze the correlation of ADH4 exon rs1126671 and ADH7 exon rs971074 polymorphisms with risky drinking behaviors and alcoholic liver disease. The patients with alcoholic liver disease diagnosed in the Gastroenterology Department of the People's Hospital of Hechi from November 2021 to June 2022, including 52 cases of alcoholic liver disease with positive risky drinking behaviors, 103 cases of non-alcoholic liver disease with positive risky drinking behaviors of the same gender and age, and 105 healthy subjects with no risky drinking behaviors as control groups were retrospectively analyzed. The serum total protein and albumin are detected by immunoturbidimetry and globulin is calculated by the difference method; the serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin are detected by the nitrite oxidation method and indirect bilirubin is calculated by the difference method; alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase are detected by the substrate method. The results revealed that all 52 patients with alcoholic liver disease were male. The non-parametric independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test was adopted to analyze the baseline of twelve liver functions among the alcoholic liver disease group, the risky drinking behavior group and the healthy control group, and it was found there was statistical significance in ten major liver function indicators in the difference comparison among the three groups like serum total protein (g/L) 65.0 (60.1, 71.4), 73.4 (70.3, 76.3), 72.4 (69.2, 76.2) (H=37.130, P<0.001); albumin (g/L) 36.1 (28.6, 42.9), 47.2 (45.0, 49.2), 47.5 (45.9, 49.5) (H=14.503, P=0.001); direct bilirubin (μmol/L) 10.1 (35.6, 34.0.1), 3.8 (3.1, 5.45), 4.2 (2.9, 6.0) (H=26.608, P<0.001); alkaline phosphatase (U/L) 106.0 (71.0, 164.0), 68.0 (57.5, 82.0), 70.0 (59.0, 87.0) (H=27.904, P<0.001); albumin to globulin 1.34 (0.91, 1.88), 1.82 (1.65, 2.00), 1.89 (1.68, 2.07) (H=11.047, P=0.004); direct bilirubin to indirect bilirubin 0.91 (0.69, 1.91), 0.41 (0.35, 0.54), 0.42 (0.34, 0.54) (H=19.478, P<0.001); serum total bilirubin (μmol/L) 23.9 (13.7, 51.0), 13.8 (10.2, 17.9), 13.0 (10.1, 17.4) (H=18.375, P<0.001); aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) 74.0 (39.0, 122.0), 22.0 (19.0, 28.0), 23.0 (19.0, 30.0) (H=76.365, P<0.001); alanine aminotransferase (U/L) 37.0 (25.0, 55.0), 23.0 (17.0, 30.0), 24.0 (17.0, 33.8) (H=57.041, P<0.001); γ-glutamyl transferase (U/L) 135.0 (45.0, 364.0), 33.0 (23.5, 49.5), 32.0 (19.0, 49.0) (H=82.558, P<0.001); however, there were no statistical significance in the pairwise comparisons between risky drinking and healthy groups. The two loci of ADH4 and ADH7 were in genetic linkage equilibrium. In the three groups of samples, the ADH4 gene rs1126671 locus was comprised primarily of the CC homozygous genotype, and there was no TT genotype. The ADH7 gene rs971074 genotype had statistical difference in the comparison of the three groups (χ2=9.370, P<0.05). Compared with the CC genotype, the CT genotype had no statistical difference in the pairwise comparison between the risky drinking behavior group and alcoholic liver disease group, and the healthy group and alcoholic liver disease group. There was a statistical difference in that between the healthy group and the risky drinking behavior group (χ2=6.372, P=0.012). The analysis display of mode of inheritance between RD group and HA group was statistically significant in the difference of the superdominance inheritance mode (OR=2.92, 95%CI:1.22-6.98; P=0.012), the dominant inheritance mode (OR=2.90, 95%CI:1.26-6.64; P=0.008), the co-dominant inheritance mode (OR=2.96, 95%CI:1.24-7.08; P=0.032) and the additive mode (OR=2.46, 95%CI:1.16-5.22; P=0.013). In general, the CT genotype of ADH7 gene rs971074 is a risk factor for positive risky drinking behavior, and the ADH family may still increase the susceptibility of people with a potential alcoholic liver disease protection background through the correlation between ADH7 and risky drinking behavior.

Commodity market downturn: Systemic risk and spillovers during left tail events

Commodity market downturn: Systemic risk and spillovers during left tail events

Smartphone addiction, depression, distress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents: a latent profile and network analysis approach

BackgroundPrevious research on adolescent smartphone addiction has tended to focus on general populations that are assumed to be homogeneous, overlooking latent profiles. Furthermore, previous research has not focused on potentially important differences in the latent profiles of adolescent smartphone addiction in networks. The present study aimed to reveal the latent profiles of smartphone addiction, depression, stress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents, and general and latent profiles were examined in the network.MethodsThe study group consisted of 436 (222 boys and 214 girls) adolescents, aged between 13 and 18 years. The findings of the present study were provided using Pearson correlation, ANOVA, latent profile analysis and network analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS, JASP, and Mplus.ResultsThe results of the study showed solutions with three latent profiles. The non-addicted group constituted 20.87%, the addicted group covered 29.82% and the risky group included 49.31% of the study group. Although the general profile and the addicted latent group had similar characteristics, the differences in the risky and non-addicted groups contributed to the current literature by providing a further and remarkable perspective on smartphone addiction, depression, distress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents.ConclusionsThe theoretical and practical implications of the present results will provide contributions to researchers and practitioners in understanding smartphone addiction.

EVALUATION OF THE HEALTH LITERACY LEVELS IN SOCIAL WORKERS

Health literacy levels of social workers working with disadvantaged or risky groups of society have a very important place in the protection of public health. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of health literacy knowledge of social workers in Turkey and various variables. In this study, 237 social workers working in institutions affiliated with the Ministry of Family and Social Policies and the Ministry of Health in different provinces of Turkey were included in the analysis. Health literacy levels were measured using Turkey’s Health Literacy (TSOY-32). The SPSS package program was used in the statistical analysis of the data and p

Do shift-working nurses’ work-life quality relate to their physical health and diet quality?

Abstract Background Shift work negatively affects work-related quality of life and this situation causes significant labour force losses and decreased productivity in the society, especially health problems in nurses. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between work-related quality of life, physical health level and nutritional behaviours of nurses working in shifts. Methods This descriptive and relationship-seeking study was conducted with 312 nurses selected by quota sampling in Istanbul. Data were collected between December 2022 to July 2023 using the The Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL), Physical Health Questionnaire and Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests were conducted on IBM SPSS 25.0. BeBIS 7.1 software were used for calculation diet index. Results Compassion Satisfaction (CS), Burnout (B) and Compassion Fatigue (CF) scores of nurses was examined, a relationship was found between CS score and B score (r=-0.39 p &amp;lt; 0.05) and between B score and CF score (r = 0.58 p &amp;lt; 0.05). CS score correlated with Cardiovascular Risk Level score (r=-0.15 p &amp;lt; 0.05) and diet index score (r = 0.15 p &amp;lt; 0.05). B score correlated with Gastrointestinal Risk Level score (r = 0.27 p &amp;lt; 0.05) and Cardiovascular Risk Level score (r = 0.38 p &amp;lt; 0.05). There was a correlation between the score of CF and Gastrointestinal Risk Level score (r = 0.25 p &amp;lt; 0.05) and Cardiovascular Risk Level score (r = 0.31 p &amp;lt; 0.05). Daily energy, fibre, vitamin B1 and C, folate, calcium and magnesium intakes of nurses were lower than the recommended. Conclusions Research results support that the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems have a direct relationship with stress and emotional states. In the policies to be developed within the scope of occupational health nursing practices, it is recommended to carry out studies to improve the physical health and nutritional behaviours of nurses in order to improve their work-related quality of life. Key messages • Nurses are a risky occupational group in terms of burnout. Protection studies should be prioritised to prevent burnout. • Gastrointestinal and cardiovascular system complaints of nurses should be paid special attention during recruitment and periodic examinations.

Determination of the Internet Decision-Making Status of Risky and Non-Risky Pregnant Women

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the Internet decision-making status of risky and non-risky pregnant women. Method: The research employed an analytical and case-control design. The sample of the study consisted of 214 pregnant women, including 107 in the risky group and 107 in the non-risky group, who applied to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic. In the study, the data were collected using The Introductory Information Form and The Internet Decision-Making Scale in Pregnancy (IDMSP) through face-to-face interviews. In the evaluation of the data, Chi-square test, Independent Samples t-Test and Mann Whitney U test were used in addition to descriptive statistics. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women participating in the study was 28.08 ± 6.37 years. It was determined that 56.1% of the pregnant women who participated in the study met their need for information on the Internet, 46.7% checked the blog pages of the doctors while searching on the Internet to receive information about pregnancy, and 49.1% mostly used the Internet for searching about the prenatal development and health of the baby. The overall mean score of the pregnant women at risk obtained from the IDMSP was significantly higher compared to those in the non-risky group (p=0.002). Conclusion: The Internet decision-making status of risky pregnant women has been found to be higher compared to non-risky pregnant women. Accordingly, midwives and nurses should inform pregnant women that information on the Internet is not always safe, and it is important to consult healthcare professionals when making a decision regarding pregnancy.

Pan-cancer characterization of cellular senescence reveals its inter-tumor heterogeneity associated with the tumor microenvironment and prognosis

Pan-cancer characterization of cellular senescence reveals its inter-tumor heterogeneity associated with the tumor microenvironment and prognosis

Effective factors on postoperative 30–90 and 360-day mortality in non-small cell lung cancer

Effective factors on postoperative 30–90 and 360-day mortality in non-small cell lung cancer

Predicting adverse birth outcome among childbearing women in Sub-Saharan Africa: employing innovative machine learning techniques

BackgroundAdverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth, remain a major global health challenge, particularly in developing regions. Understanding the possible risk factors is crucial for designing effective interventions for birth outcomes. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop a predictive model for adverse birth outcomes among childbearing women in Sub-Saharan Africa using advanced machine learning techniques. Additionally, this study aimed to employ a novel data science interpretability techniques to identify the key risk factors and quantify the impact of each feature on the model prediction.MethodsThe study population involved women of childbearing age from 26 Sub-Saharan African countries who had given birth within five years before the data collection, totaling 139,659 participants. Our data source was a recent Demographic Health Survey (DHS). We utilized various data balancing techniques. Ten advanced machine learning algorithms were employed, with the dataset split into 80% training and 20% testing sets. Model evaluation was conducted using various performance metrics, along with hyperparameter optimization. Association rule mining and SHAP analysis were employed to enhance model interpretability.ResultsBased on our findings, about 28.59% (95% CI: 28.36, 28.83) of childbearing women in Sub-Saharan Africa experienced adverse birth outcomes. After repeated experimentation and evaluation, the random forest model emerged as the top-performing machine learning algorithm, with an AUC of 0.95 and an accuracy of 88.0%. The key risk factors identified were home deliveries, lack of prenatal iron supplementation, fewer than four antenatal care (ANC) visits, short and long delivery intervals, unwanted pregnancy, primiparous mothers, and geographic location in the West African region.ConclusionThe region continues to face persistent adverse birth outcomes, emphasizing the urgent need for increased attention and action. Encouragingly, advanced machine learning methods, particularly the random forest algorithm, have uncovered crucial insights that can guide targeted actions. Specifically, the analysis identifies risky groups, including first-time mothers, women with short or long birth intervals, and those with unwanted pregnancies. To address the needs of these high-risk women, the researchers recommend immediately providing iron supplements, scheduling comprehensive prenatal care, and strongly encouraging facility-based deliveries or skilled birth attendance.

The Relationship Between Post-Traumatic Stress, Hopelessness and Resources Adequacy in Fire Disaster Survivors: A Mediation Analysis

AbstractThis study explores the psychosocial aftermath of the fire disaster by focusing on the levels of post-traumatic stress, hopelessness and perception of adequacy of resources of the affected population in the Manavgat district of Antalya province. The data of this study, which is a descriptive correlational research, were collected between 01 March-31 May 2022. The Information form, Impact of Events Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Perception of Adequacy of Resource Scale were used as the data collection tools. A total of 245 individuals, predominantly farmers and with a low-income status, participated in the study. Field data revealed a high level post-traumatic stress (39.56 ± 15.71), moderate hopelessness (10.53 ± 6.83), and moderate perception of adequacy of resources (104.17 ± 32.15) among the participants. Another important finding of the study is; sociodemographic variables were significantly associated with the impact of events, hopelessness, and perception of adequacy of resources. Being female, low education and income level, being farmer, having heavily damaged house and living in a prefabricated house emerged as risk factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The results demonstrated a strong correlation between hopelessness, perception of adequacy of resources and post-traumatic stress. Hopelessness partially mediated the relationship between adequacy of resources and post-traumatic stress. The massive physical, economic and social losses caused by wildfire have led to persistent psychosocial problems among the affected population. The findings highlight the importance of assessing losses related to socioeconomic status and applying risk management accordingly. The data obtained in this study can shed light on the determination of risky groups after fire disaster, psychosocial interventions to be applied and the duration of interventions.

Pooled prevalence, spatial variation and associated factors of HIV testing uptake among multiple sexual partners in Sub Saharan Africa: Spatial and multilevel analysis.

Uptake of HIV testing is vital for the early diagnosis of HIV infection and initiation of treatment, which are used to eliminate the disease's progression and reduce HIV-related mortality. Even if determining HIV testing is imperative to prevent HIV/AIDS among multiple sexual partners who are at higher risk of sexually transmitted infections, most of the countries in Sub Saharan Africa did not fulfil the global targets of UNAIDS. Moreover there is a paucity of literature on spatial variation and factors associated with HIV testing among high-risk groups in SSA. This study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence, spatial variation and determinants of HIV testing uptake among multiple sexual partners in Sub Saharan Africa. The Demographic and Health Surveys data conducted between 2011 and 2021 in 30 Sub-Saharan Africa countries was used to analyze total weighted sample of 56,210 multiple sexual partners. Exploratory spatial data analysis, with countries as the unit of analysis was conducted using ArcGIS V10.7.1 and Sat Scan V 10.1 soft wares. A multilevel binary logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with the HIV testing uptake. The Adjusted odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval was reported to declare the strength of association and their statistical significance. The spatial patterns of HIV testing uptake were found to be non-random. Primary clusters were identified around western and central sub- regions. Multiple sexual partners who were ever married, those attended primary level and above education, those from rich wealth status, aged above 24 years, having good HIV related knowledge, and exposed to media were positive association with HIV testing uptake. However, being male, having working status and living in rural area were negatively associated with HIV testing uptake. At the community-level, multiple sexual partners from communities in Eastern and southern sub regions, countries with upper middle income and countries with the survey year after 2014 were more likely to utilize HIV testing services compared with their counterparts. In this study, the pooled prevalence of the HIV testing uptake among multiple sexual partners was found to be lower than the universal target and showed differences in HIV testing uptake across Sub-Saharan Africa region. Both individual and community-level factors affected HIV testing uptake among multiple sexual partners. Stakeholders should implement interventions to help increase the uptake of HIV testing among those risky groups in this region.

The Impact of Stressors on Depressive Symptoms Among Youth Myanmar Migrant Workers in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Many youths suffer from depressive symptoms globally, especially youth migrant workers who are more vulnerable to depressive symptoms than non-migrant youths. Given the extensive literature reviewed, little is known about the impact of stressors on depressive symptoms among young migrant populations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of stressors on depressive symptoms among young Myanmar migrants in Thailand. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between August and December 2023, using self-administered questionnaires. The sample size was 165 young migrant workers in Myanmar by simple random sampling. The exclusion criteria were participants who had serious physical illness or acute mental illness, and unwillingness to participate in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and CESD (The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depressive symptoms) were included in the questionnaires. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used for descriptive statistics. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between stressors, self-esteem, coping behavior, and depressive symptoms. It was found that 47.9% of young Myanmar migrant workers had experienced depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms was associated with four variables: workplace stressors (β = 0.525, p <0.001), security stressors (β = 0.181, p <0.01), living stressors (β = 0.126, p <0.05), and self-esteem (β = -0.135, p <0.05). According to hierarchical linear regression analysis, workplace, security, and living stressors significantly increased depressive symptoms scores, whereas self-esteem decreased depressive symptoms scores among young 165 Myanmar migrant workers. Therefore, policymakers should be encouraged to establish preventive measures against specific stressors. In addition, many young migrant workers have been found to experience depressive symptoms. Mental health care should be prioritized and made accessible to this vulnerable and risky group.

Life Chances, Subjective Perceptions, and Healthy Lifestyles in Older Adults: Longitudinal Evidence From China.

Previous studies and theories show that healthy lifestyles are affected by life chances and subjective perceptions. However, it remains unclear how older adults change between different lifestyle profiles as they age. We proposed the healthy lifestyle duality framework and tested it among older Chinese adults using a longitudinal design. Data were obtained from 4 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Surveys conducted between 2008 and 2018 (N = 31,445). Latent transition analysis and hierarchical multinomial growth curve models were performed to investigate healthy lifestyle profiles and their associations with life chances and subjective perceptions over time. Four distinct healthy lifestyle profiles were identified: healthy, risky, low-standard, and mixed groups, and their changes show path dependency. Across 10 years, the proportion of the healthy group ranged from 11.16% to 16.97%. Both life chances and subjective perceptions were longitudinally associated with healthy lifestyles, with age and cohort effects observed. Our findings support the healthy lifestyle duality framework and reveal that life chances and subjective perceptions influence lifestyle changes over time. Public health policies and health intervention programs should adapt to the specific needs of different age groups and generations.

COULD EARLY LITERACY SCORES AFFECT THE DIAGNOSIS OF SPECIFIC LEARNING DISORDER IN CHILDREN AT RISK

Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the early literacy skills of pre-school children at risk of Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) by comparing Test of Early Literacy (TEL) scores between three groups including the siblings of children with SLD, children with speech disorder and healthy controls. Methods: Children between the age of 60-72 months were recruited. The total number of participants was 81. A sociodemographic Data Form, the Colored Progressive Matrices Test (CPM) and TEL were applied to all participants. Results: A significant difference was determined between the performance of the three groups in all sub-tests of TEL. The children with speech disorder displayed the worst score in all sub-tests except vocabulary; this was followed by the siblings of children with SLD while the control group displayed the highest scores. Conclusion: The current study is the first investigating the TEL scores of pre-school children using a transparent language like Turkish at risk of SLD. The risky group with a language disorder showed the worst performance in almost all subtests examined. It is critical to start interventions early, assuming that this group will be at highest risk in the future.

Shared Reading of the Families With the Children With Chronic Disease.

The aim of the study is to evaluate shared reading of families of children with chronic diseases. The mothers of children aged 2 to 6 years with chronic health problems who applied to the pediatric outpatient clinic between January and May 2022 were the study group, and the mothers of children with an acute health problem were the control group. The sociodemographic information form and "Child-Parent Shared Reading Activities Scale" were applied. At the end of the interview, 3 questions about shared reading were asked. A total of 187 children were enrolled in the study: 92 and 95 in the chronic disease group and control group, respectively. 57.6% of mothers of chronically ill children reported that the parents almost never did shared reading with their child. It was found that all mothers knew the importance of reading, but they could not support especially in the risky chronic disease group.