Rice Bran Research Articles

Rice Bran Oil Oleogel as Functional Animal Fat Replacer in Beef Burgers

Rice Bran Oil Oleogel as Functional Animal Fat Replacer in Beef Burgers

Recent advances in novel targeting mechanisms for colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with treatment complicated by drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor heterogeneity. In recent years, with deeper insights into tumor biology, various novel targeting mechanisms have been discovered and garnered increasing attention. Among these mechanisms, metabolic reprogramming, cell death mechanisms, and signaling pathways are particularly critical, as they not only govern fundamental biological processes of CRC but also offer a wealth of clinically actionable targets. Metabolic alterations, particularly in methionine, folate, serine, and polyamine pathways, have been implicated in CRC pathogenesis, offering potential therapeutic targets. Noncoding RNAs, such as long noncoding RNAs CKMT2-AS1 and H19, and microRNA-375-3p, regulate critical signaling pathways like AKT/mTOR, TP53, and TYMS, influencing tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, gut microbiota modulation, including interventions like defatted rice bran supplementation and prebiotic-based nanoparticle therapies, presents novel strategies to enhance immune responses and sensitize tumors to chemotherapy. Extracellular vesicles have emerged as key players in immune evasion and metastasis, with small extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs promoting tumor progression and liver metastasis. Furthermore, mechanical stress signaling through pathways such as FAK-Rho-ROCK and Wnt-YAP1 regulates CRC cell migration, invasion, and stem cell enrichment, offering additional therapeutic avenues. Targeting these multifaceted mechanisms offers promising strategies to enhance CRC treatment efficacy, particularly in overcoming drug resistance and preventing metastasis. Currently, there is a lack of such reviews that systematically integrate novel targeting mechanisms in CRC, particularly those focusing on emerging mechanisms, metabolic reprogramming, cell death mechanisms, and signaling pathways, leaving a clear gap in the current literature. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of recent advances in these areas, offering novel therapeutic insights to address critical challenges such as metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune evasion.

Exploring the Potential of Nutraceutical Foods Prepared from Rice Bran Oil, Flaxseed, and Barley Combination through Extrusion Technology: An Updated Review

Nutraceuticals and their various characteristics, according to a common definition defined as food components undergoing health benefits beyond basic nutrition, is gaining more and more attention as it supports wellness and prevention of diseases. Extrusion technology is one of the most widely used food processing techniques known to increase the bioavailability of nutrients while improving their digestibility, and develop novel foods with desirable flavor and texture profiles. The unique health properties associated with each ingredient include high antioxidant content from rice bran oil, omega-3 fatty acids and lignans from flaxseeds, and soluble fiber from barley, which aids in cholesterol regulation. Food formulations utilizing the developed combinations and processing methods have great potential in the functional food sector to cater a growing number of consumers looking for a multi-pronged approach to health and nutrition while responding to an increasing demand of health-promoting food products. This review highlights the significance of nutraceutical foods in enhancing human health.

Anthocyanins from black glutinous rice bran: process efficiency and characterization of anthocyanins

Black glutinous rice bran (BGRB) serves as a plentiful natural pigment source. However, limited research has been conducted on the extraction, purification, and characterization of the anthocyanins present in BGRB. This work aims to provide an eco-friendly process for industrial anthocyanin extraction and purification. Following green chemistry principles, safe solvents and recyclable purification materials were used in the experiment. And waste production and energy consumption were limited. Optimal extraction conditions: ethanol–water ratio 40:60 (v/v, pH 2.5), solvent-feed ratio 80:1 (mL/g), 50 °C, and 40 min yielded 19.79 ± 0.14 mg/g anthocyanin, and 32 anthocyanins were identified in the BGRB anthocyanin extract. Optimal purification conditions: employing a D101/AB-8 mixed resin (7:3 w/w), the volume, pH value, and flow rate of BGRB anthocyanin extract were 1.5 Bed Volumes (BV), pH 3.0, and 0.5 BV/hr, respectively; desorption was performed successively with 40:60 (v/v, pH 2.5) ethanol–water of 6 BV, 0.5 BV/hr. Purification achieved 65.97% anthocyanin recovery. After purification, total anthocyanins (67.70 ± 5.43 mg/g to 171.27 ± 7.99 mg/g) and color value (33.48 ± 2.91 to 84.58 ± 1.41) were both 2.5 times higher than in the extract. The metabolite expression of purified anthocyanins showed 4.2 times increase by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS).

Assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in edible oil

Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) are persistent in nature, highly toxic, and bio-accumulative. Their presence in different food items is a serious health concern for human being. Therefore, a total of ten edible oils were collected from the local market of Gazipur and Bogura districts of Bangladesh to assess the contamination of OCP residues. Modified AOAC version 2009.01 method was used to extract and clean up the sample. Detection and quantification of residue was done by gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detection system. On an average 26.87% of the oil samples were found contaminated with at least one OCP residues. A total of sixteen organochlorine pesticides were detected such as α-BHC, ß-BHC, γ-BHC, δ-BHC, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, α-chlordane, γ-chlordane, α-endosulfan, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, p,p´-DDD, p,p´-DDE, o,p´-DDT, and p,p´-DDT. Residues of α-chlordane, ß-BHC, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide were detected in ≥ 40% of the total samples of edible oils. However, the residue levels were either very small (less than 0.02 ppm) or not detected at all in sesame, sunflower, rice bran, coconut, groundnut and palm oils. The majority of the OCPs contamination observed in oils of mustard, soybean, rice bran, olive and black cumin. The levels of heptachlor in soybean oil (0.021 mg.kg-1) was found slightly higher than the recommended MRL (0.02 mg.kg-1). Whereas the heptachlor epoxide in olive oil (0.10 mg.kg-1) was found much higher than the recommended limit. Both alpha and gamma chlordane were found equal to the recommended limit (0.020 mg.kg-1) in soybean oil. DDTs residues were observed in mustard, soybean, rice bran and black cumin oils but their individual occurrence was found below the MRL. But their cumulative DDTs (i.e ΣDDT = p,p´-DDD + p,p´-DDE + o,p´-DDT + p,p´-DDT) was found higher than the recommended limit in soybean oil (0.085 mg.kg-1) only. Coconut, groundnut and palm oil did not have any OCP residues. The tolerable daily intake (TDI) was measured for impact assessment of ΣBHC, Σheptachlor, Σchlordane, ΣDDTs and ΣOCPs and found that the daily intake level of these OCPs by the people was found below the TDI. Therefore, the tested edible oils are safe for human consumption. However, the study suggested for periodical monitoring to ensure safe consumption of edible oils. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. 28(1): 127-143

Pickering Aqueous Foam Stabilized by Rice Bran Wax Byproduct: A Sustainable and Multiscale Approach.

Rice bran wax Pickering-stabilized aqueous foams were obtained using a one-pot, fast, energy-efficient, and scalable process and a two-compound only formula: rice bran wax (RBW) powder and water. A multiscale analysis was carried out to characterize the physical properties and stability of the foam with a concentration range from 5 to 12 wt %. The study then focused on the 12 wt % foam to investigate its microstructure and provide evidence of the Pickering effect in the foam stabilization. The foam exhibits a dense structure, with a firmness of 2 N and an apparent density close to 0.5 g/mL. Even though it was subjected to rapid drainage of excess water, its overall structure remained stable over several months. Moreover, the foam could be dried, and a dry foam was obtained from which RBW could be recovered. The feasibility of recycling dried RBW powder across multiple cycles to create new foams was studied. While material losses were observed during each cycle, it was demonstrated that formulating new foams from the recovered powder is possible. This research highlights promising opportunities for sustainable and eco-designed products and opens new perspectives in the development of environmentally friendly Pickering-stabilized aqueous foams while valorizing vegetal byproducts.

Biosourcing and optimization of fungal lipase production from cheap agro waste via solid state fermentation

The quest for economically viable sources of microbial lipases has been a primary focus for microbial enzymologists. This research aimed to screen, identify, and produce lipase from fungi using inexpensive agro-wastes as substrates. Samples of palm oil mill effluent were screened for lipolytic fungi using solid agar and submerged fermentation. Morphological and molecular methods were employed for isolate identification. Lipase activity was measured via spectrophotometric assays with p-nitrophenyl palmitate (p-NPP) as the substrate. The effect of medium composition on lipase production, the mineral and proximate compositions of the agro waste used as carbon sources via solid state fermentation were evaluated, followed by lipase purification and kinetic studies. Out of the 25 fungi screened, isolate GP11 identified as Aspergillus oryzae (Accession number: MN416218) exhibited the highest lipase activity and was selected for further studies. Medium composition significantly affected (p ≤ 0.05) lipase and biomass production across six fermentation media yielding 148.75 ± 2.94e to 274.05 ± 13.70a (U/mL) and 28.5 ± 1.41c to 35.4 ± 1.77a (g/L) respectively. Production media having glucose and peptone as carbon and organic nitrogen sources supported the highest lipase production. Agro waste composition influenced lipase production which ranged from 103.97 ± 2.88g to 259.78 ± 8.45a (U/mL). Wheat bran (WTB) (230.78 ± 7.79 U/mL) and rice bran (RCB) (211.62 ± 3.20 U/mL) with the highest carbohydrate contents supported the highest lipase production compared to orange peel, unripe plantain peel, ripe banana peel, ripe plantain peel, and sugar cane bagasse respectively. The purified lipase had 12.74- and 50.81%-fold purification and yield via Sephadex G-100 chromatography with a molecular weight of 53 kDa.

Identification of Protocatechuic acid as an anti-acne component in extracts of black rice bran

Acne vulgaris is the most common dermatological problem among adolescents and young adults. Acne-associated pathogens, including Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and inflammation are among predominant etiologies of acne. Drugs targeting pathogens and inflammation response are an effective avenue to treat acne vulgaris. Rice bran has high pharmacological value, but its therapeutic potential for the treatment of acne remains unexplored. This study, therefore, aimed to purify and identify an anti-acne component from the ethanolic extract of Thai black rice (Oryza sativa cv. Neow Dam 3) bran and to investigate its underlying mechanisms of action. Protocatechuic acid (PA) was purified by bio-guided extraction and identified by a nuclear magnetic resonance. The antibacterial action was elucidated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination and electron microscopy. PA cytotoxicity in HaCaT keratinocytes was assessed by an MTT assay, expression of inflammatory-associated genes and proteins by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and ELISA, and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by immunofluorescence. The MIC of PA against C. acnes DMST 14,916 and S. epidermidis ATCC 12,228 and DMST 14,932 was 2048 µg/mL, which was similar to ferulic acid. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated C. acnes and S. epidermidis treated with PA had unambiguous membrane damage and abnormal morphology. C. acnes lysate induced the expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, and COX-2 genes, increased phosphorylated NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α protein levels, and caused translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus, while noncytotoxic levels of PA suppressed these effects. In summary, PA had anti-acne activity by inhibiting acne-associated pathogens, possibly through cell membrane damage, and suppressed inflammation induced by C. acnes via the NF-κB pathway suggesting that it may have therapeutic use for treating acne in the future.

Characteristics, immobilization of linoleic acid isomerase from Bifidobacterium breve and its application in rice bran oil.

Characteristics, immobilization of linoleic acid isomerase from Bifidobacterium breve and its application in rice bran oil.

Development of non-alcoholic beer from barley and rice bran with shelf-life extension using high pressure processing

Development of non-alcoholic beer from barley and rice bran with shelf-life extension using high pressure processing

Enhancing the vegetable waxes gelation power in the presence of high-intensity ultrasound.

Enhancing the vegetable waxes gelation power in the presence of high-intensity ultrasound.

Rice bran oil rescues cognitive decline in D-galactose-induced aging mice by inhibiting Aβ accumulation and Tau hyperphosphorylation induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation

Rice bran oil rescues cognitive decline in <i>D</i>-galactose-induced aging mice by inhibiting Aβ accumulation and Tau hyperphosphorylation induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation

Defatted rice bran poisoning in cattle.

Defatted rice bran poisoning in cattle.

Rice bran protein fibril and chitin nanofiber complexes as a new material for fat substitution and saltiness enhancement.

Rice bran protein fibril and chitin nanofiber complexes as a new material for fat substitution and saltiness enhancement.

Tannic acid-mediated pH-responsive interface engineering of rice bran oil bodies for inhibition of lipid-protein co-oxidation

Tannic acid-mediated pH-responsive interface engineering of rice bran oil bodies for inhibition of lipid-protein co-oxidation

Efficacy of rice bran extract for alleviating depressive symptoms in adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Efficacy of rice bran extract for alleviating depressive symptoms in adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

The effects of germination and different milling degrees on the nutritional properties of rice bran

The effects of germination and different milling degrees on the nutritional properties of rice bran

Effect of protein oxidation on the structural characteristics and emulsification properties of rice bran protein fibril: Assessing the role of peroxyl radicals.

Effect of protein oxidation on the structural characteristics and emulsification properties of rice bran protein fibril: Assessing the role of peroxyl radicals.

Evaluation of the Effect of Virgin Rice Bran Oil (VRBO) on Doxorubicininduced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats.

The usage of doxorubicin (DOX), an antineoplastic drug that is frequently used for the cure of cancer, is restricted to maximal doses due to its cardiac toxicity. Reactive oxygen species produced by DOX result in lipid peroxidation and organ failure, ultimately resulting in cardiomyopathy. Due to its high polyphenol content, virgin rice bran oil (VRBO) is a diet nutritional supplement with a strong antioxidant. This study aimed to assess the potential defense of VRBO against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. VRBO and DOX injections were administered to thirty male Wistar rats for 42 days after being randomly assigned to five groups. The study demonstrated the cardioprotective effects of VRBO against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. VRBO (0.71 and 1.42 ml/kg) significantly improved the heart-tobody weight ratio, reduced elevated serum CK-MB and LDH levels by 18.4% and 52.7%, respectively, and increased HDL by 43.1%. ECG parameters also improved, with reductions in QT interval (19%), ST interval (28%), and QRS complex (15%). VRBO enhanced systolic blood pressure (up to 21%) and heart rate (7.1%). Antioxidant markers showed notable recovery, with MDA levels reduced by 66.1%, while GSH, SOD, and catalase levels increased by 129.4%, 158.2%, and 84.8%, respectively. A cardioprotective benefit was found at middle and higher VRBO dosages. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of VRBO as a cardioprotective medication, further research on dosage response and bioavailability is required.

Physicochemical properties, antioxidant stability and micronutrients preservation analyses of rice bran oil by joint acid and multi-enzymes degumming

Physicochemical properties, antioxidant stability and micronutrients preservation analyses of rice bran oil by joint acid and multi-enzymes degumming