Rhetorical Perspective Research Articles

”Arvostan rehellistä ja molempia tyydyttävää kaupankäyntiä”

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan niitä muutoksia, joita kaupanteon kulttuurisissa käytännöissä ja sen keskeisissä toiminta- ja moraaliperiaatteissa on tapahtunut kaupanteon siirtyessä verkkopohjaiseksi. Kaupankäyntiä lähestytään kirjoituksessa kaupan osapuolten välisenä sopimusluonteisena toimintana, jossa onnistuminen edellyttää aina jonkinasteista luottamusta sopijaosapuolten kesken sekä kaupankäyntiin liittyvien sosiaalisten pelisääntöjen ja moraaliperiaatteiden tuntemusta. Yksittäisen toimijan näkökulmasta kaupankäyntiin sisältyy aina jonkinasteinen riski. Etnografisen tutkimukseni empiirisenä tutkimuskohteena on Suomen suosituin verkkovertaiskauppa Huuto.net ja sen alustalla rakentuva sosiaalinen vuorovaikutus. Vertaiskaupassa kaupan osapuolet toimivat ei-ammattimaisesti ja tavallisimmin käytettyjä tavaroita toisilleen myyden. Tutkimuksessa kysytään, miten huono kauppa ja kaupantekijä verkkovertaiskaupan puitteistamassa vuorovaikutuksessa määrittyvät sekä, millaisiksi oletetun ihannetoimijan piirteet sivustolla välitetyissä teksteissä hahmottuvat. Korostan lähestymistavassani verkkoalustan esityksellistä luonnetta ja tulkitsen sosiaalista vuorovaikutusta nojautuen Ervin Goffmanin hahmottamaan dramaturgiseen lähestymistapaan ja kasvotyön teoretisointiin. Tutkimusaineisto on koottu verkkoalustan vuorovaikutusta havainnoimalla ja sitä ylläpitäviä tekstejä tallentamalla. Tarkastelu perustuu kaupan toimijoiden laatimiin profiilisivuteksteihin sekä heidän saamaansa sanalliseen positiiviseen ja negatiiviseen palautteeseen. Luen näitä tekstejä lähinnä retorisesta suunnasta vakuuttamisen ja perustelemisen – kasvotyön – kielellisiä keinoja eritellen.

Notas sobre cortesía/descortesía en Cervantes y Borges

En este artículo el objetivo principal es ver si se pueden aplicar las estrategias de cortesía/descortesía tanto de la novela de Cervantes, Don Quijote de la Mancha, como del relato de Borges, Pierre Ménard, autor del Quijote, autores que tienen como obra en común el Quijote y que compondrá el corpus de este trabajo siguiendo como base un artículo de Haverkate del 2001 (129-148). Todo ello se hará desde la perspectiva de la Pragmalingüística que considera las estrategias verbales índices del comportamiento en la interacción entre, en este caso, los personajes y las posibles aplicaciones del análisis de la conversación.

O KOBIETACH ZABIERAJĄCYCH GŁOS W SFERZE PUBLICZNEJ

The paper analyzes, from a rhetorical perspective, the so-called ‘role identity’ of women as speakers active in the public sphere. Based on an Italian linguistic column stemming from the year 1976, the text confronts different role identities of women in the context of public speech: (a) the traditional one, according to which women are not expected to speak in public; (b) the current one (i.e., valid in the Seventies), according to which women active in the public sphere, being more concise, reveal to be better orators than men; (c) two role identities desired for the future: one, according to which women should limit themselves only to short forms of oratory, and an alternative one, according to which women should have access to a full range of rhetorical choices.

Rhetorical Perspectives of Undergraduate Students’ Thesis Abstracts

The present article aims at describing the students’ theses abstracts viewed from the rhetorical perspectives. It examines whether the abstracts provided in the university website include the essential rhetorical moves and whether the moves are presented in the sequence according to Hyland’s five-move classification (Introduction, Purpose, Method, Product, and Conclusion) of rhetorical moves. Eighty abstracts of the research articles written by the students were collected using purposive sampling. The frequency of occurrence of each move was statistically calculated and tallied. Two ESL (English as a second language) researchers validated the data classification. The findings revealed that 53.75% of the abstracts were found out to be written in accordance with the structure. Most abstracts give information on the purpose, methodology, and findings of the associated article. About half of the articles omit introduction of the topic and discussion of the findings. Moves “product” and “conclusion” were missing in a few abstracts. The students’ lengthy “introduction” move and over brief “product” move were found in most abstracts. Some rhetorical moves appeared to have higher incidence of occurrences than the others. The findings lend further insights into the needs of professional development among academics, particularly in academic research report writing. Keywords: rhetorical moves, student’s article abstracts INDONESIAN ABSTRACT Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan abstrak skripsi mahasiswa dilihat dari sudut pandang retorik- meneliti apakah abstrak-abstrak tersebut memiliki ‘rhetorical moves’ yang esensial dan apakah ‘rhetorical moves’dipresentasikan dalam urutan sesuai dengan klasifikasi lima langkah Hyland (Pendahuluan, Tujuan, Metode, Produk, dan Kesimpulan) gerakan retoris. Delapan puluh abstrak artikel penelitian yang ditulis oleh siswa dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Frekuensi terjadinya setiap ‘move’ dihitung. Dua peneliti ESL (bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa kedua) memvalidasi klasifikasi data. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa 53,75% abstrak ditemukan ditulis sesuai dengan strukturnya. Sebagian besar abstrak memberikan informasi tentang tujuan, metodologi, dan temuan dari artikel yang terkait. Sekitar setengah dari artikel menghilangkan pengenalan topik dan diskusi tentang temuan. Tidak terdapat Move "produk" dan "kesimpulan" dalam beberapa abstrak. Ditemukan pula move "pengantar" yang panjang dan "produk" yang singkat pada kebanyakan abstrak. Beberapa move tampaknya ditemukan lebih banyak daripada yang lain. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan lebih lanjut mengenai kebutuhan pengembangan profesional di kalangan akademisi, terutama dalam penulisan laporan penelitian akademis.Kata kunci: Rhetorical Moves, Abstrak Skripsi Mahasiswa

Rhetorical Perspectives of Undergraduate Students’ Thesis Abstracts

Rhetorical Perspectives of Undergraduate Students’ Thesis Abstracts

A Study on the Discourse Construction of WeChat Salesmen’s Personal Identities: Based on Data from the Moments of WeChat

<p><em>The analysis in this paper examines how the salesmen construct their identities through the Chinese messaging app WeChat by applying Karen Tracy’s identity theory. Using a data set consisting of 17 WeChat salesmen’s discursive practices posted in the Moments of WeChat, the analysis found out 6 types of identities constructed, which are as salesmen, product users, competitors, evaluators, friends and organizers. Both rhetorical and cultural perspectives are adopted in analyzing how these identities are constructed.</em><em></em></p>

Trine Bjørnung Hasselbalch, Meaning and Context in the Thanksgiving Hymns: Linguistic and Rhetorical Perspectives on a Collection of Prayers from Qumran

Trine Bjørnung Hasselbalch, Meaning and Context in the Thanksgiving Hymns: Linguistic and Rhetorical Perspectives on a Collection of Prayers from Qumran

Le rôle de l’intox dans la construction de l’ethos de Marine Le Pen pendant la campagne présidentielle en France 2017

This study examines the nature and function of manipulative discourses by Marine Le Pen’s, the candidate of Front National in the 2017 French presidential elections. It also shows how manipulative discourse legitimates her populist ethos. We adopt the discursive and rhetorical perspective (Charaudeau, 2011, 2015 ; Taguieff, 1984), which is illustrated by a corpus of texts by fact-checking journalists (les Décodeurs, Désintox) of Le Monde and Libération newspapers, as well as a video of a presidential debate.

El ejemplo histórico en los discursos de Elio Aristides: el episodio de los heraldos de Darío en las Guerras Médicas (<em>Panatenaico</em> 97-100 Lenz-Behr)

En este artículo estudiamos el uso del ejemplo histórico desde la perspectiva retórica en la oratoria de Elio Aristides. Los estudios al respecto se han dirigido hasta ahora a cuestiones propiamente históricas y de Quellenforschung. Nosotros partimos, sin embargo, de la determinación de los componentes persuasivos del discurso, en general, y del ejemplo (παράδειγμα), en particular, por el sistema de la Retórica. Analizamos, luego, cómo determinados temas y motivos históricos constituidos en παραδείγματα, esto es, en modelos y precedentes del pasado con valor retórico, se integran tanto en el tejido argumentativo como estilístico del discurso. El ejemplo histórico que analizamos aquí es el conformado en el Panatenaico con lo que sucedió en Atenas en el año 491 a. C. con los heraldos enviados a Grecia por Darío en los comienzos de la Primera Guerra Médica.

«Гуманитарные технологии в современном мире»: междисциплинарность в действии

«Гуманитарные технологии в современном мире»: междисциплинарность в действии

Retórica realista e decisão jurídica

O texto objetiva expor as bases de uma retórica realista, sob a perspectiva descritiva de como a decisão jurídica efetivamente ocorre, sem considerações normativas. O idealismo retórico de Aristóteles e seu prestígio posterior reduziram a retórica à arte da persuasão, eliminando elementos importantes da sofística, sobretudo no que concerne à decisão jurídica. Conclui-se com uma perspectiva retórica do ativismo judicial na sociedade complexa.

The circle of life: Rhetoric of identification in Steve Jobs' Stanford speech

We sought to understand from a rhetorical perspective the sources of the runaway popularity of Steve Jobs' Stanford commencement speech. Our analysis shows the rhetorical sophistication of this speech in terms of mutually reinforcing use of established dynamics, canons, and devices of rhetoric. We find however that these aspects of classical rhetoric are imbued with and reinforced by Burkeian identification processes that permeate the speech. We contend that an important aspect of leaders' rhetorical competence, and an enabler for constructing evocative, impactful rhetoric is the skillful employment of processes of identification.

Риторические итоги и перспективы: хроника юбилейной конференции Риторической ассоциации

Риторические итоги и перспективы: хроника юбилейной конференции Риторической ассоциации

Rhetoric, narrative and management: learning from Mad Men

PurposeIn previous research on rhetoric and narrative in management research, cultural narratives have been studied as tools to reflect on rhetorical situations from the perspective of management. The purpose of this paper is to present a similar exploration of rhetoric while focusing on a modern example from popular culture: the television series Mad Men.Design/methodology/approachThis paper first discusses rhetorical concepts from the work of Kenneth Burke and Richard Lanham as inspirational guides, thereafter, these concepts are used to analyze the case of Mad Men. Specifically, the main character Don Draper is analyzed as a homo rhetoricus in an attention economy.FindingsDon Draper becomes a case study of what it means to introduce a rhetorical perspective in advertising and management. It is argued that Don Draper’s reflections in the series can be described as a “perspective on perspectives” or as a “toggling” between different rhetorical perspectives.Originality/valuePrevious research discussed the emergence of spinning and the appearance of the “spin doctor” as a major figure in society in general and fiction in particular. In this article, it is argued that the same is also true for advertising. Mad Men is introduced as a case study about the revival of rhetoric as a major skill and an important perspective in and for our personal, professional and social lives.

A Study of Japanese Students' Writing : From linguistic and rhetorical perspectives

A Study of Japanese Students' Writing : From linguistic and rhetorical perspectives

Rhetorical citizenship: studying the discursive crafting and enactment of citizenship

This article argues for the relevance of a rhetorical approach to the study of citizenship, proposing the concept of rhetorical citizenship as a term for a fourth dimension of citizenship and as a scholarly approach to the topic in addition to the dimensions of status, rights, and identity commonly recognized in the literature. We show how this view aligns with current views of the multidi Citizenship Studies mensionality of citizenship, explain our use of the term rhetoric, and illustrate the usefulness of a rhetorical approach in two examples. In close textual readings both examples – one vernacular, one elite – are shown to discursively craft and enact different notions of citizenship vis-a-vis the European refugee crisis. We conclude that a rhetorical perspective on public civic discourse is useful in virtue of its close attention to discursive creativity as well as to textual properties that may significantly, but often implicitly, affect citizens’ understanding of their own role in the polity, and further because it recognizes deep differences as inevitable while valorizing discourse across them.

Conductive Argument as a Mode of Strategic Maneuvering

This paper is to argue that conductive arguments could be understood from a rhetorical perspective. It contends that conductive arguments can be regarded as a particular mode of strategic maneuvering, rather than a new type of argument. Moreover, it demonstrates that the use of conductive arguments can be adequately analyzed and evaluated by adopting the theoretical tools developed in the extended Pragma-Dialectics.

Humour in Customer Engagement on Chinese Social Media – A Rhetorical Perspective

Humour in Customer Engagement on Chinese Social Media – A Rhetorical Perspective

“An Open Door”: Responsibility and the Comic Frame in Obama’s Foreign Policy Rhetoric on Iran

Abstract The July 2015 nuclear agreement between Iran and the United States was heralded by many as the best possible chance of avoiding both a nuclear armed Iran and another war in the Middle East. Although success is far from certain, the path to the deal was even less so. That the Obama administration achieved a verifiable suspension of Iran’s enrichment activity in November 2013 was itself a major success. What is even more remarkable is that the Obama administration was able to do so while utilizing the same mix of policy tools, diplomacy, and pressure as the George W. Bush administration. The difference in outcomes is especially confusing given the tendency of foreign policy experts to hold that President Obama’s and President Bush’s foreign policy worldviews are relatively identical. I argue that a rhetorical perspective provides the answer. Specifically, President Obama responded to the challenge of Iran’s nuclear program by fashioning a frame of responsibility in a comic register, shifting the obligation to resolve the standoff peacefully onto both Iran and the United States. A crucial aspect of this rhetorical strategy was that it presented the Iranian regime with the option of rejoining the global community (albeit on restricted terms). Thus, Obama presented a hybrid of Kenneth Burke’s tragic and comic frames that chastised the Iranian regime for dangerous behavior while acknowledging American guilt, error, and responsibility for bringing the nuclear standoff to a peaceful end.

Text recycling in health sciences research literature: a rhetorical perspective

The past few years have seen a steady rise in the number of health science journals using plagiarism detection software to screen submitted manuscripts. While there is widespread agreement about the need to guard against plagiarism and duplicate publication, the use of such tools has sparked debate about text recycling—the reuse of material from one’s prior publications in a new manuscript. Many who have published on the topic consider all uses of text recycling anathema. Others argue that some uses of recycling are unavoidable and sometimes even beneficial for readers. Unfortunately, much of this discourse now merely repeats dogmatic assertions. I argue that progress can be made by acknowledging three points: First, citation standards for research writing in the health sciences will not mirror those of the humanities. Second, while it is impossible to draw a definitive line between appropriate and inappropriate uses of text recycling, some uses of the practice lie clearly on the legitimate side. Third, the needs of editors for information regarding recycled text are different from those of readers. Ultimately, calls for rewording and citation as alternatives or fixes for text recycling are unlikely to prove satisfactory to either readers or editors.A response to this article can be found using the following link: http://researchintegrityjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41073-017-0026-y.