RFID Equipment Research Articles

Power distribution equipment and defect identification technology based on deep learning

In order to realize the collection of coordinate position of line pole and tower, and realize the field data collection of distribution equipment UAV and real-time recognition of front-end image, a calculation method of front-end edge of distribution equipment based on front-end RFID and depth identification was proposed. Firstly, the RFID identification instruction is sent to the front-end equipment for scanning through the interface provided by the RFID equipment, so as to obtain the physical ID number of the tower. Then, the edge computing equipment is used to carry out the equipment identification on the photos, so as to obtain the key equipment on the column. Fine photos were taken of the distribution network poles and towers to obtain the fine photo result data. Through the coordinate of the poles and towers, the photo coordinate associated with the equipment on the column and the collection coordinate of the physical ID, the trinity correlation was carried out to complete the AUTOMATIC GIS modelling of the distribution line and realize the geographical map display of the distribution line. This method can effectively identify the coordinate of power distribution line tower and equipment, and provide necessary data support for the modelling of power distribution line.

СИСТЕМА КОНТРОЛЯ ПЕРСОНАЛА ОБЪЕКТА ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ ПО ПРИНЦИПУ РАДИОЧАСТОТНОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ

Purpose. The article is devoted to the development of a power facility personnel control system using radio frequency identification technology (RFID). The main components of this system are RFID readers and RFID tags attached to personnel's clothing. The process involves video surveillance, monitoring and access control systems at a power facility. The alert and information control system at a power facility under normal operating conditions can improve the quality of production and technological process management through the use of a video surveillance system and access control, and in case of a fire or emergency it plots a safe route to the emergency exit and provides information about the presence of people in the room. Methods. Based on calculations, the dependence of the values of energy and modulating range parameters on the choice of RFID tags and readers for various conditions of use is obtained. Findings. Calculation, using formulas (1) and (2) for the values of the stationary reader parameters in the 900 MHz range (P = 1 W, GR = 4, λ = 30 cm, SR = –100 dBW, kE = 0.5) and tags with antennas in the form of half-wave dipoles (Ae = 0.01 m2, Δσ = 0.06 m2, S = 30 μW) allows obtaining the energy range RE ≈ 7 m, and the modulation range RM ≈ 25 m. In the design process the use of formulas (1) – (5) allows determining the RFID equipment technical parameters, which provide the required coverage range. Research application field. It is advisable to include the results of the study in the research and development work of the research organizations of EMERCOM of Russia and other ministries and departments. Conclusions. The development of the system for personnel warning and access control at a power facility using radio frequency identification will make it possible not only to ensure production and technological process control, having information about the exact people's location, but also to evacuate personnel to a safe area in case of a fire or emergency.

RF-SML: A SAR-Based Multi-Granular and Real-Time Localization Method for RFID Tags

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, location based service in context awareness has received increasing attention. As one of the main localization technologies, UHF RFID technology has been widely used in many fields of life and industry due to its advantages. In this article, we introduce a RFID-based system RF-SML, which is a method for quickly and accurately locating static objects via the tag and mobile reader. Specifically, the method utilizes the idea of multi-granularity in order to find the high-probability region of the target position by reconstructing the reflection coefficient of the scene in the coarse-grained localization stage. Subsequently, in the fine-grained localization stage, the grid is traversed in this area to calculate the corresponding evaluation factor to determine the final position result, thereby reducing the time-consuming of localization calculation. At the same time, it uses phase calibration to remove the phase offsets that are caused by the hardware device and the antenna phase center, thereby obtaining higher localization accuracy. We conduct experiments to verify the performance of RF-SML with commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) RFID equipment. The results show that the proposed method can efficiently achieve the centimeter-level positioning of objects.

Localization of RFID Tags by a Moving Robot, via Phase Unwrapping and Non-Linear Optimization

In this paper, we propose a new method for the localization of RFID tags, by deploying off-the-shelf RFID equipment on a robotic platform. The constructed robot is capable to perform Simultaneous Localization (of its own position) and Mapping (SLAM) of the environment and then locate the RFID tags around its path. The proposed method is based on properly treating the measured phase of the backscattered signal by each tag at the reader’s antenna, located on top of the robot. More specifically, the measured phase samples are reconstructed, such that the $2\pi $ discontinuities are eliminated (phase-unwrapping). This allows for the formation of an optimization problem, which can be solved rapidly by standard methods. The proposed method is experimentally compared against the SAR/imaging methods, which represent the accuracy benchmark in prior-art, deploying off-the-shelf equipment. It is shown that the proposed method solves exactly the same problem as holographic-imaging methods, overcoming the grid-density constraints of the latter. Furthermore, the problem, being calculations-grid-independent, is solved orders of magnitude faster, allowing for the applicability of the method in real-time inventorying and localization. It is also shown that the state-of-the-art SLAM method, which is used for the estimation of the trace of the robot, also suffers from errors, which directly affect the accuracy of the RFID localization method. Deployment of reference RFID tags at known positions, seems to significantly reduce such errors.

Design of an Automated Smart Vehicle Fueling System

Today most fuel filling stations have a microcontroller to deal with the electrical pumps, drive the show, live the number and thus shut down the electrical pump. Yet at the same time an individual is expected to accumulate the cash. These fuel pumps are time overpowering and need a great deal of labor. To place fuel stations in far off space is remarkably expensive to create brilliant office to the consumers. Due to the less availability of the workers, 24*7 operation of the petrol stations is not possible. These problems can be sorted out by means of this work which requires less time to work and is powerful which can be introduced anyplace. Our work provides the way to eliminate the cost associated with manpower working at fuel filling stations. The principle point of this work is to create a framework which is able to do routinely deducting the money of oil administered from consumer’s card dependent on RFID equipment. This work mainly aims to come up with a postpaid card for fuel bunk system and fuel dispensing system with RFID technology. This will be helpful for common man in his busy scheduled life and avoids fuel theft in fuel filling stations.

Design, Analysis, and Performance Evaluation of a UHF RFID Forward-Link Repeater

The range of UHF-RFID systems, involving passive tags, is typically limited by the tag’s RF harvesting circuitry. In this paper a forward-link UHF RFID repeater is proposed. The repeater amplifies the reader-to-tag carrier signal. Then, a passive RFID tag can be successfully identified from a much larger distance, compared to current technology, by exploiting the sensitivity of the reader. The proposed repeater consists of low-cost components; namely a pair of antennas, a low-noise amplifier and passive electronics. The proposed design also accounts for out-of-band emissions and the limitations posed by the maximum effective isotropic radiated power of the EPC UHF Gen2 standard. In contrast to prior-art, it can be deployed with any commercial RFID reader. Link-budget analysis reveals i) that the location of the repeater is of great importance to the system, ii) the range depends on the reverse link and not on the forward, as in typical RFID technology and iii) optimum performance can be achieved with bistatic RFID readers and RFID tags, capable of harvesting RF power at higher input power-levels. It is shown that with common, commercial, monostatic RFID technology, a maximum range of 80m can be achieved. By deploying bistatic configurations, which allow for improved reader’s sensitivity, the read-range could be extended to 350m. By “tuning” the tag’s front-end to achieve good matching for increased incident power levels, the expected range could be increased to 2km. Experimental results validate the performance of the proposed repeater and reveal how the link budget is affected by the tag’s front-end. 73m measured range is experimentally achieved with commercial monostatic RFID equipment.

RFID-based sensing system for context information management using P2P network architecture

An RFID-based sensing system using a P2P network can play an important role in a ubiquitous environment. We developed a network capable of managing its own computing and network resources by combining computing devices with a wide variety of sensors. Context awareness is required to deliver the functionality of the sensing network described in this paper. We designed an RFID-based sensing system that receives contextual information about the user via a P2P network. The proposed system includes the basic RFID equipment needed to use and test an RFID system, which consists of a reader, 30 sample tags, and a sample middleware application for reading, writing, and testing RFID tags. It is able to recognize users entering and leaving a location, as well as determine the distance of a user from itself. It can also recognize the condition of the sensor installation. We designed, implemented, and analyzed a system that provides practical services with real-world educational applications. There were statistically significant differences between the control and test groups for user satisfaction, content learned, learning content composition, and user interface.

Design, fabrication and characterisation of a microfluidic time-temperature indicator

This paper describes a concept for a passive microfluidic time-temperature indicator (TTI) intended for intelligent food packaging. A microfluidic system is presented that makes use of the temperature-dependent flow of suitable food ingredients in a microcapillary. Based on the creeping distance inside the capillary, the time-temperature integral can be determined. A demonstrator of the microsystem has been designed, fabricated and characterised using liquid sugar alcohols as indicator fluids. To enable a first wireless read-out of the passive TTI, the sensor was read out using a commercial RFID equipment, and capacitive measurements have been carried out.

RFID equipment in libraries: Selection and use

The issues of functional characteristics of contemporary RFID equipment for libraries are highlighted. The equipment is examined from the viewpoint whether its consumer qualities meet the standards and needs of contemporary libraries. The recommendations on selecting RFID equipment and spare parts for library automation are given. The paper is oriented toward library managers and library automation technologies professionals.

Unified Traceability Information System of Logistics Pallet Based on the Internet of Things

The paper focuses on the intelligent logistics pallet, networking, traceability information technology and unified logistics information system, and puts forward unified traceability information system of intelligent logistics pallet based on the Internet of things (IOT), displaying innovative system realization method and technical system. IOT intelligent logistic pallet traceability system is an integrated fusion application of RFID, GIS, GPS, computer telecommunication integration together with Internet technology; in system design and implementation, TOT and RFID coupling mechanism, CTI and API interface programming are adopted for construction of three intelligent system service architecture of logistics pallet traceability system including application, business and physics; in the logistics pallet regular operation, reading and writing RFID equipments, labels and telecommunications network, Internet, and other unified information communication mode are fused into the intelligent logistics information system, so as to realize the intelligent logistics pallet identity identification and traceability function. The system test output results indicate that, intelligent logistics pallet unified information system is equipped with intelligent recognition, management and tracing function and business process reengineering capacity including production promotion, distribution, transport logistics and allocation.

물류정보동기화 기반의 Smart SCM 모델에 관한 연구

최근들어 RFID 기반의 SCM에 대한 연구는 많이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 공급망상에서 이동중인 물류정보의 오류를 동기화하고, 장치기반 인프라의 상태정보를 모니터링하여 활성화해주는 연구와 기술은 아직 미흡하다. 또한 이를 응용하여 통합관제해주는 지능형 SCM 시스템을 개발한 경우는 없었다. "물류정보동기화 기반의 Smart SCM 모델"은 실시간으로 각 물류 거점에 설치된 RFID 인프라 장치 및 물류 프로세스 동기화 현황을 하나의 통합된 뷰를 통하여 모니터링하고, 예외상황 발생시에 다양한 의사결정 지원정보 제공을 통해 즉각적인 상황 조치가 가능한 지능형 공급망 통합관제 서비스 모델이다. 본 연구 모델은 물류국제 표준, RFID관련 국제 표준 규격, EPCIS 표준, SSI 미들웨어 플랫폼을 준용하여 표준화 하므로써 관련 기술 국내 표준 규격을 제시하고자 하였다. Recently, there have been many studies on RFID-based SCM. Yet, studies of synchronizing errors caused by tracking logistics information in supply chain, and activating & monitoring RFID infra is still insufficient. Also, there is no case of developing the intelligent SCM system enabling total monitoring and controlling RFID Infra by applying these technologies. Logistics information synchronization based Smart SCM model is intelligent supply chain service model to monitor the status of the RFID equipments in supply chain and the synchronization of the logistics process in each logistics point through one integrated view, as well as to react instantly by providing the information to help the various decision makings, when the emergency occurs. By adopting global logistics standard, RFID related standard specification, EPCIS standard, and SSI middleware platform, this model provides the domestic standard specification.

Information Acquisition and Processing System Based on RFID

Paper, bar-code labels common in the market is unable to meet the needs of efficiency and information visualization on modern society. When identifying or checking the information of the device, the traditional method of recording information is too cumbersome. It will result in unnecessary waste and cannot guarantee the correct rate. To use RFID to record and query device information, it will significantly improve system efficiency and accuracy. Information management system based on RFID equipment consist of three parts, including electronic tags, mobile handsets, fixed background management system. Vendors of background management system can write information to the tag for uniform coding.

위치기반 서비스 고도화 기술 비교 분석

위치기반서비스는 넓은 지역을 커버하기 위해 인공위성이나 이동통신기지국을 이용하는 GPS와 건물 내부나 공원과 같이 한정된 공간(근거리)에서 Zigbee, RFID, CSS(Chirp Spread Spectrum), UWB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi 장비 등을 이용하는 RTLS(Real Time Location System)로 나눌 수 있으며, 유선과 무선 인프라의 발전과 측위 기술의 고도화, 인터넷의 발전, 콘텐츠의 다양화 등을 통하여 기술적 발전을 거듭하고 있으며 향후 공통 핵심 기술 요소인 측위 기술, 콘텐츠 기술, 인터넷 및 이동통신기술 등을 중심으로 발전할 것으로 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 LBS의 발전방향에 대한 신기술과 표준화 기술을 조사 분석하여 관련 업계에 기여할 방향을 찾고자 한다. The location based service is divided into GPS that uses the artificial satellite or base transceiver station in order to cover the wide area and RTLS(Real Time Location System) using the Zigbee, RFID, CSS(Chirp Spread Spectrum), UWB, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi equipment in the space(close range) limited like the building inside or park. Moreover it also repeats the technical development upon through the acceleration of the development of the wire and wireless infrastructure and determination technology, the development of the Internet, diversification of the contents, and etc. As a result, it is expected to develop around the determination technology, witch is common core technology element, contents technology, Internet and mobile communication technology, and etc. afterward. In this research, the direction we investigate was to find and analyze new technology and standardization trend of LBS in order to contribute to the related industry.

Evaluation and exploration of RFID systems by rapid prototyping

Today's RFID systems exhibit relatively little functionality, while future systems and ubiquitous computing applications require an ample set of general purpose features, like wide communication ranges, high data rates, high reliability, and many more. In order to meet these high-performance goals, several challenges in state of the art RFID systems need to be managed: (1) the compatibility of RFID equipment, working according to different standards in various frequency domains, (2) the thorough understanding of the performance impact of physical layer system parameters, (3) the venture of novel wireless technologies in the context of RFID, and finally, (4) to deal with the increased complexity of high-performance RFID systems. Therefore, designers desire a highly configurable, flexible, and high-performance RFID environment to experimentally explore the underlying physical conditions and to evaluate novel RFID technologies and designs. This paper introduces the concept of rapid prototyping in RFID and provides a survey of system simulators, demonstrators, and rapid prototyping environments. A guideline for the setup for such a rapid prototyping system applicable for RFID is presented, and its implementation is demonstrated. Finally, some exemplary measurements carried out with this rapid prototyping system are presented.

Implementation issues in RFID-based anti-counterfeiting systems

RFID has emerged as a potential tool to combat product counterfeiting, which undermines the global economy hugely. Recently, a number of anti-counterfeiting approaches have been proposed for such purpose. This paper presents a track-and-trace system for RFID-based anti-counterfeiting, and addresses possible implementation issues, such as tag selection, product tagging, tag programming and locking. A packaging line for bottled products is developed and integrated with the proposed system for investigation of these issues. Experiments are conducted to determine the critical tag moving speed beyond which the tag programming rate or reliability of tagged products being transferred on a convey drops significantly. The critical tag moving speed is vital not only for determining the maximum production throughput possible, but also for setting up RFID equipment needed to ensure tagged products with erroneous tagging can be sorted out from the packaging line accordingly.

Security Analysis of RFID based on Multiple Readers

RFID systems and equipments have many particularities and limitations which will bring a wide range of security issues, especially when the system contains a large number of tags and multiple readers, some of the traditional solutions are to be helpless. This paper presented a Hash locks improved method based on multi-reader, and analyzed on this method.

SOARware : Treading through the crossroads of RFID middleware and SOA paradigm

RFID technology finds immense applicability in domains utilizing identification as the base operation such as in access control, localization, etc. It may be designed to work well for either singular or a limited range of applications. However, the strict-coupling between applications and RFID equipment must be relaxed to scale up their usability. In order to do so, RFID middlewares are employed, allowing the applications to become independent of the underlying complexities. In this paper, we present interplay of all that contemporary RFID middlewares provide, and actual expectations from them, in terms of desirable “features” and “aspects”. While the aspects are more business specific, features are implementation specific. We extract implemented features from the study of RFID middlewares, which in turn, realize design aspects. We breakdown these features into respective functions set in order to, (a) unravel functional overlap between these features both horizontally and vertically, and (b) observe that each of these functions implements part of system level business design aspects. We conclude that an appreciation of overlap both at the functional-level and at the design aspects-level allows simpler yet comprehensive implementations of RFID middlewares. We propose SOA-based strategy that helps to consolidate representative design aspects of a well-federated RFID middleware. We present middleware as a service (MaaS) architecture, which encapsulates underlying complexities of RFID systems from the enterprise application while taming 2 2 Taming refers to complete customization of RFID technology. them in two-dimensions, simultaneously. MaaS achieves horizontal taming through exposed services, while vertical taming is achieved through their need-based invocation. We have successfully shown through prototype implementation that MaaS allows modular invocation of services agreed through contract, realizing SOA-based RFID paragon and achieves key design aspects.

The Use of RFID Technology in Mines for Identification and Localization of Persons

This article deals with a description of system for identification and localization of people in explosive atmospheres, particularly in the coal mine. The article describes the design of hardware and software system, designed to increase safety in the mining environment. Specification of the system is made and on its basis, the proper hardware and software resources are chosen, suitable for implementing an information system for identification and localization of people, with regard to the requirements of the application in the mine environment. Currently, the system is under development, with regard to the selection of RFID equipment and software realization.