Review Of Research Research Articles

Prevalence, clinical features, and diagnostic methods of dermatophyte skin infection in Korea

Cutaneous dermatophyte infections, dermatophytosis, are common worldwide, affecting various age groups and body parts. Despite advancements in antifungal therapies, the prevalence of dermatophytosis continues to increase, posing significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. This review provides an overview of the prevalence, clinical features, and diagnostic methods for dermatophytosis in Korea. A comprehensive review of domestic reports and research on dermatophytosis in Korea was conducted using data from KoreaMed. This study covers the various clinical presentations, age distributions, seasonal trends, and types of dermatophytes identified in different body areas. Dermatophytosis in Korea have shown changing patterns in terms of prevalence and causative species. Trichophyton rubrum remains the most common causative organism, with varying presentations depending on the site of infection, such as tinea pedis, tinea corporis, tinea capitis, tinea faciei, and onychomycosis. Diagnostic practices largely depend on the potassium hydroxide smear test, which has limited sensitivity, particularly for onychomycosis. Recent trends indicate an increase in the incidence of dermatophytosis among older adults, which may be linked to underlying health conditions and lifestyle changes. Dermatophytosis in Korea exhibit diverse clinical manifestations influenced by factors such as patient age, body site, and seasonal variation. Improved diagnostic methods are needed to enhance the accuracy and guide appropriate treatment, especially with the emergence of antifungal-resistant strains. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the current state of dermatophytosis in Korea and contribute to more effective management and prevention strategies.

Enhanced Therapeutic Options for Budesonide Nebulisation via Pulsating Nebuliser in Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

<b>Introduction:</b> The primary treatment method for T2 immune response-related airway inflammations, such as eosinophilic inflammation, is topical glucocorticosteroid therapy. However, its effectiveness is limited by the challenge of drug penetration into the perinasal cavity. The introduction of a new generation of pulsating nebulizers has partially addressed this issue. Pulsating nebulizers (vibrating aerosol) enhance the penetration of nebulized medication into the paranasal sinuses, thereby opening a new therapeutic option for the treatment of chronic sinusitis. Consequently, a new regulatory indication has been approved for the use of budesonide in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. <br><br><b>Aim:</b> The aim of the study was to compare the aerodynamic particle size distribution (APSD) of the dispersed suspensions of the test drug (TD) and the reference drug (RD) administered using the PARI SINUS2 nebulizer system, consisting of the PARI LC SPRINT SINUS nebulizer and the PARI SINUS2 compressor <br><br><b>Material and methods:</b> Comparison of the APSD of the dispersed suspensions of the TD and the RD administered using the PARI SINUS2 nebulizer system. Twelve nebulizations of each formulation were tested using six PARI SINUS2 nebulizer systems, with two repetitions per system. The methods were review of studies and own research. The APSD study was conducted using a next-generation impactor (NGI) and a laser diffraction spectrometer after nebulization of 2 mL suspensions of TD and RD via the PARI SINUS2 nebulizer system. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics as well as 90% and 95% confidence intervals for the difference in means and the ratio of means of the examined parameters. <br><br><b>Results:</b> The TD was well-suited to the nebulization procedure. Both formulations (TD and RD) exhibited significant variability in the aerosol droplet distribution at different levels of the NGI cascade impactor. In the case of TD, larger droplets were more easily generated, which promoted deposition of the drug at the upper levels of the impactor. The equivalence of the two forms of budesonide, RD and TD, in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps using a pulsating nebulizer was demonstrated. These indications were acknowledged by the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products (URPLWMiPB) and added to the Product Information of TD. <br><br><b>Conclusions:</b> Both budesonide formulations were effective. Budesonide administered via vibrational nebulization is effective in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Nurses' Perceptions of Facilitators and Barriers to Their Acceptance of Electronic Health Records: A Mixed-Method Systematic Review.

International eHealth strategies incorporate the adoption of electronic health records to enhance the delivery of integrated healthcare and improve patient outcomes. Nurses' acceptance of electronic health records is crucial for their successful implementation. To synthesise evidence from empirical studies to explore the nurses' perceptions of facilitators and barriers and the influence of moderating factors on their acceptance of electronic health records. A convergent integrated mixed-method systematic review following the JBI methodology. CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Medline [EBSCO], ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Open Grey were searched on 28 March 2023 for primary research studies published between 2018 and 2023. Studies were screened by two independent reviewers adhering to predetermined inclusion criteria. A convergent integrated synthesis was conducted and deductive analysis was framed by The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model. Thirteen studies were included and appraised using the mixed-method appraisal tool. Facilitators of nurses' acceptance of electronic health records included increased efficiency, improved access to information, management support and training. Nurses identified increased documentation burden, threats to patient confidentiality, difficult navigation and inadequate IT support and training as barriers to their acceptance. The influence of moderators on nurses' acceptance of electronic health records remains unclear. This review provides insights into nurses' perceptions of factors influencing electronic health record acceptance. Addressing these issues during adoption and further exploring the impact of moderators can improve acceptance and minimise unintended consequences. Nurse leaders are key in empowering nurses to accept electronic health records. The nursing profession must participate in all phases of electronic health record design and implementation to ensure that they complement nursing practice. PRISMA 2020 Statement. This is a review of primary research.

Viral marketing: a systematic literature review and future research agenda

Viral marketing: a systematic literature review and future research agenda

Correlation analysis between the mDIXON-quant fat quantification parameters of the infrapatellar fat pad and the severity of knee osteoarthritis

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the correlation between the proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the infrapatellar fat pad and the severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), with a focus on identifying potential imaging biomarkers for KOA progression.MethodsSeventy patients with KOA and forty-four healthy controls (HCs) were prospectively recruited for conventional MR and mDIXON-Quant sequence scanning. The mDIXON-Quant technique was selected for its precision in fat quantification and ability to provide three-dimensional water-fat separation, offering superior accuracy in assessing fat content compared to traditional methods.The severity of KOA was assessed via the whole-organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess interobserver agreement for the PDFF measurements. Differences in the PDFF between KOA patients and HCs were compared. Additionally, the correlations between the PDFF of the infrapatellar fat pad in KOA patients and scores of the characteristic areas included in the knee WORMS were analyzed.ResultsThe PDFF of the infrapatellar fat pad in KOA patients was significantly lower than in HCs. PDFF in KOA patients was negatively correlated with multiple aspects of total knee WORMS scores (e.g., articular cartilage integrity, etc.; r from − 0.94 to -0.25; P < 0.05), except for medial or lateral collateral ligament integrity (r = 0.27, P ≥ 0.05). Interobserver agreement was excellent (ICC = 0.793, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe PDFF of the infrapatellar fat pad is significantly associated with KOA severity, demonstrating a progressive decrease as the disease advances. These findings suggest that PDFF holds promise as a potential objective biomarker for evaluating KOA severity. However, further validation in larger and more diverse cohorts is required to confirm its clinical applicability. This study is a prospective investigation that adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Approval No. [2024] Research Review No. 056).

Advancement in Gene therapy: Current and Future of Gene Therapy

Genetic diseases are serious health issues worldwide, caused by changes in gene structure due to mutations in single or multiple genes. Currently, no definitive treatments or medicines are available to cure these disorders. Gene therapy, a medical approach that utilizes genetic material, offers potential for preventing and treating diseases by addressing their underlying causes rather than relying on traditional methods like medication and surgery. This technique has shown promise in certain conditions by altering genetic material, enabling the body to produce desirable proteins or medications. However, gene therapy remains unavailable for most diseases and is still largely in the experimental stage for many conditions. This review investigates the current and future status of gene therapy not only for genetic disorders but also for life-threatening diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes. Additionally, the applications and limitations of gene therapy were evaluated. A review of recent research concluded that while rare or inherited genetic disorders could potentially be prevented or cured by precisely targeting their root causes, significant challenges remain. Rather than solely managing blood disorders, retinal diseases, and neuromuscular conditions, gene therapy can potentially eliminate these conditions. Furthermore, gene-based therapies offer expansive possibilities beyond rare genetic disorders, paving the way for broader therapeutic applications in the future.

Alone in the Mind: Review of Research Examining the Link Between Loneliness and Dementia

Alone in the Mind: Review of Research Examining the Link Between Loneliness and Dementia

Views and Experiences of Dementia in People With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research.

It is important to hear the perspectives of people with intellectual disabilities on dementia. This review aimed to explore views and experiences of dementia from the perspective of people with intellectual disabilities and methodologies enabling people with intellectual disabilities and dementia to participate in qualitative research. Studies were identified in database searches, along with reference and citation searches. Qualitative data were reviewed using thematic synthesis and risk of bias assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (2018). Methodologies used to include participants with intellectual disabilities and dementia were reviewed. Findings from 11 studies, with a total of 47 participants, highlighted loss of ability, relationships and connection associated with dementia, counteracted by support from others, and maintenance of a sense of self through choice, relational connection and competence. A range of methodologies were identified to enable participants with intellectual disabilities and dementia to participate in research. This review highlights emerging, albeit demographically limited, qualitative research in this field. It suggests ways to build on this including methodologies to facilitate inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities and dementia in further research.

Health Misinformation in Social Networks: A Survey of Information Technology Approaches

In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on the pervasive issue of medical misinformation in social networks from the perspective of information technology. The survey aims at providing a systematic review of related research and helping researchers and practitioners navigate through this fast-changing field. Research on misinformation spans multiple disciplines, but technical surveys rarely focus on the medical domain. Existing medical misinformation surveys provide broad insights for various stakeholders but lack a deep dive into computational methods. This survey fills that gap by examining how fact-checking and fake news detection techniques are adapted to the medical field from a computer engineering perspective. Specifically, we first present manual and automatic approaches for fact-checking, along with publicly available fact-checking tools. We then explore fake news detection methods, using content, propagation features, or source features, as well as mitigation approaches for countering the spread of misinformation. We also provide a detailed list of several datasets on health misinformation. While this survey primarily serves researchers and technology experts, it can also provide valuable insights for policymakers working to combat health misinformation. We conclude the survey with a discussion on the open challenges and future research directions in the battle against health misinformation.

A Review of Research on User Information Behavior Transformation in Online Knowledge Payment Platforms

A Review of Research on User Information Behavior Transformation in Online Knowledge Payment Platforms

“As lembranças do passado surgem como um fantasma”: Currículos para Educação Étnico-Racial Crítica em Narrativas (Auto)Biográficas de Professores/as de Biologia

This article aimed to analyze training for Critical Ethnic-Racial Education based on curricula that emerge from the (auto)biographical narratives of Biology teachers in the Brazilian Northeast. To achieve the objective, we used a Systematic Literature Review in the (auto)biographical research of Biology teachers available in the online Institutional Repositories of Northeastern Federal Universities, whose data were analyzed from a comprehensive-interpretative perspective. The results enable us to argue that the Critical Ethnic-Racial Education is based, slowly, on formal curricula and in action for the training of Biology teachers, but, above all, in a more effective way on other curricula existing in non-school institutions that contribute to training for teaching Biology in Northeast Brazil. Furthermore, hidden and empty curricula have emerged as hauntings that make it impossible to train teachers to educate for Ethnic-Racial Relations in a critical and anti-racist approach to teaching Science and Biology.

Factors Contributing to Increased Mental Health Symptoms and Suicidality Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth: A Scoping Review of Quantitative Research.

To identify contributing factors to mental health symptoms and suicidality among sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth identified by quantitative research. A scoping review was conducted, guided by the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley. Ten articles met inclusion criteria after a comprehensive search was performed across four databases. Common factors identified as being associated with poor mental health outcomes and increased suicidality among SGM youth were environmental influences and minority stress. Factors were interrelated and often found to be associated with worsening anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. Findings can be used to enhance the knowledge and training of nursing professionals to improve their understanding of the naturalistic course of poor mental health outcomes and suicidality in SGM youth. Future research should focus on screening tools and clinical interventions for SGM youth in need of mental health services. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

Improving medication adherence in the community: a purposive umbrella review of effective patient-directed interventions that are readily implementable in the United Kingdom National Health Service.

Suboptimal medication adherence is a major determinant of treatment outcome. Between a third and a half of prescribed medicines for long-term conditions are not taken as intended, the reasons for which are numerous and multifaceted. Improving medication adherence should optimise therapeutic outcomes. To identify effective and readily implementable patient-focused interventions for improving medicines adherence that can inform best practice to improve health outcomes. Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE were searched on 11 May 2022 for publications added since 11 January 2013, along with citation searches linked to Nieuwlaat's 2014 Cochrane review. An umbrella review was undertaken of meta-analyses and systematic reviews of empirical research to identify and describe interventions that improve medication adherence. Effective interventions were assessed for their implementation potential. Strategies to improve medication adherence follow common themes. Fifteen reviews and meta-analyses were identified, and interventions were grouped into eight types. These included using pharmacists to provide interventions; providing face to face interventions; using combination formulations; providing reminders and prompting mechanisms; giving feedback on individual adherence rates; promoting positive habits; using strategies to enhance self-management and positive behaviours; and using interventions in parallel. There are several readily implementable intervention approaches with demonstrable effectiveness based on systematic review or meta-analysis evidence. However, owing to the diverse evidence base in this field, and the significant risk of bias in many studies, further work is needed to understand the comparative value of different interventions and their impact on patient-oriented outcomes.

Sustainable Food production through organic farming worldwide and locally in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Organic farming is increasingly recognized as a key strategy for sustainable food production, addressing both immediate food demands and long-term agricultural sustainability. This review examines the role of organic agriculture in ensuring food security and environmental sustainability, with a particular focus on its relevance in Saudi Arabia. A systematic review of current research and literature was conducted to evaluate organic farming practices, their impact on soil fertility, and their contributions to sustainable agriculture. Key areas explored include soil health, water conservation, biodiversity enhancement, and the economic viability of organic farming. Findings indicate that organic farming enhances soil fertility, reduces reliance on synthetic inputs, and promotes ecosystem resilience. However, challenges such as yield gaps, economic feasibility, and policy integration require further exploration. The study highlights the need for localized strategies tailored to arid environments to maximize the benefits of organic farming. This review underscores the importance of organic farming in achieving sustainable food systems while addressing global challenges. Practical implications include the adoption of policies that support organic agriculture, investment in research, and the implementation of sustainable farming techniques suited for resource-scarce regions like Saudi Arabia.

The adaptation of clinical practice guideline recommendations regarding family-centered collaborative care of people living with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar mood disorder in the Iranian context: using the resource toolkit for guideline adaptation

IntroductionChronic mental diseases are enduring and recurring, and need constant care and a collaborative approach for management. Based on clinical guidelines, family interventions can improve the quality of care for individuals with chronic mental diseases.ObjectiveSpecifically, the study examined family involvement in the care of people suffering from schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar mood disorder by adapting international clinical guidelines.MethodsThe resource toolkit for guideline adaptation was selected as the adaptation process. Seven databases were searched for international clinical guidelines. Independent reviewers utilized the Appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation II tools to assess guidelines that met the inclusion and quality criteria. The recommendations from the guidelines were combined with those from the systematic review and qualitative research, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research checklists. Rephrased recommendations with redundant or overlapping content were excluded from the Iranian context due to the cultural, religious and belief changes of the people, as well as the lack of necessary facilities. Translations of the selected recommendations were made into Persian, along with modified recommendations.ResultsA total of 573 recommendations from 17 books, 10 national documents, 16 guidelines, 27 articles, and 31 English and Persian theses were identified. After the initial review (referred to as RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method 1), 467 recommendations received an appropriate score, 106 had an uncertain score, and none of them received an inappropriate score. After merging the recommendations, they received 433 good grades and 98 uncertain grades. After the face-to-face meeting of the research team, 7 were merged due to similarity, and 91 recommendations were made in a hybrid panel of experts (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method 2). Finally, 524 recommendations were identified that applied to the psychiatric medical centers in Iran. The examined and revised recommendations suggest healthcare professional interventions for family involvement in the care of patients with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar mood disorder referred to medical centers in Iran. The adapted recommendations emphasize the need for family-centered collaborative care ( interventions which satisfy the needs of patients with chronic mental diseases and their caregivers, considering their preferences and capabilities.

Generative artificial intelligence in creative contexts: a systematic review and future research agenda

Generative artificial intelligence in creative contexts: a systematic review and future research agenda

Exploring the Use of a Large Language Model for Inductive Content Analysis in a Discourse Network Analysis Study

Large language models show promising capability in some qualitative content analysis tasks; however, research reporting their performance in identifying initial codes that underpin subsequent analysis is scarce. This paper explores the suitability of GPT-4 to assist in building a codebook for a discourse network analysis (DNA) of a recent alcohol policy reform. DNA is a codebook-driven approach to identifying groupings of actors who use similar policy framings. The paper uses GPT-4 to identify initial codes (‘concepts’) and related quotes in 108 news articles and interviews. The results produced by GPT-4 are compared to a codebook prepared by researchers. GPT-4 identified over two-thirds of the concepts found by the researchers, and it was highly accurate in screening out a large volume of irrelevant media items. However, GPT-4 also provided many irrelevant concepts that required researcher review and removal. The discussion reflects on the implications for using GPT-4 in codebook preparation for DNA and other situations, including the need for human involvement and sample testing to understand its strengths and limitations, which may limit efficiency gains.

Developing Mouse Models for Ovarian Tissue Transplantation and Xenotransplantation: A Review.

Ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) is the only option for preserving fertility in prepubertal girls and young women who require immediate cancer treatment. Due to ethical constraints and the limited number of clinical cases, human OTT research is challenging. Mouse OTT models serve as valuable preclinical models. This article aims to review the current status of mouse OTT models, including xenotransplantation from humans. We conducted a systematic analysis of original research articles and reviews of mouse OTT models published in PubMed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The construction methods included different mouse strains (C57/BL6, Institute of Cancer Research, Naval Medical Research Institute, genetically engineered, and immunodeficient mice), transplantation sites (subcutaneous tissue, sub-renal capsule, back muscle, peritoneum, and ovarian bursa), and transplantation types (xenotransplantation, allogeneic, and autologous transplantation). The evaluation metrics included histological analysis, assessment of neovascularization density, measurement of granulosa cell proliferation activity, and hormonal and estrous cycle monitoring. The choice of metrics should be selected according to the stage after transplantation. To advance the clinical application, mouse OTT models could be improved by developing standardized evaluation criteria and simplified, rapid, noninvasive detection methods to enhance consistency and comparability of research outcomes. Key areas for further research include addressing safety concerns (eg, risk of tumor cell reimplantation), optimizing efficacy evaluations (eg, follicle quality and endocrine function recovery), and improving cost-effectiveness through analysis of mouse strains and transplantation protocols. This review provides valuable insights for future research and clinical applications.

Research Review: Help-seeking intentions, behaviors, and barriers in college students - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of mental health problems among college students has increased over the past decade. Even when mental health services are available, many students still struggle to access these services. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the rates at which students actively seek or consider using formal help and to determine the main reasons for not seeking help. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase to identify studies on help-seeking behaviors, intentions, and barriers to help-seeking among college students with mental health problems. Random effect models were used to calculate the pooled proportions. Of the 8,919 identified studies, 62 met the inclusion criteria and were included (n = 53 on help-seeking behaviors, n = 21 on help-seeking intentions, and n = 14 on treatment barriers). The pooled prevalence of active help-seeking behaviors was 28% (179,915/435,768 individuals; 95% CI: 23%-33%, I2 = 99.6%), and the aggregated prevalence of help-seeking intentions was 41% (62,456/80161 individuals; 95% CI: 26%-58%, I2 = 99.8%). Common barriers reported by students included a preference to address issues on their own, time constraints, insufficient knowledge of accessible resources, and a perceived lack of need for professional help. The findings highlight the gap between the mental health needs of the students and their actual help-seeking rates. Although personal barriers are common, systemic or contextual challenges also affect college students' help-seeking behaviors.

A Review of Structural Damage Identification Research

Conducting damage identification and detection of engineering structures can help to identify the location of structural damage and assess the extent of the damage, providing a basis for the reinforcement and repair of the structures. This ensures the normal operation of engineering structures and, in turn, protects people's lives and property. Therefore, the research on structural damage identification methods has always been an important research topic in the field of civil engineering. The existing damage identification methods can be roughly classified into the following categories: damage identification based on structural dynamic response, structural damage identification based on model updating techniques, and structural damage identification based on artificial intelligence methods. This paper reviews the development history of existing methods, expounds on several common damage identification methods and their advantages and disadvantages, and makes a prospect for the development of structural damage identification methods according to the current research status at home and abroad. It can provide a reference for the research and application of damage identification methods.