Reuse Of Industrial Wastes Research Articles

Monitoring On-Line and Control of Sludge Concentration in Sewage Treatment System

The reuse of industrial waste and urban sewage is a vital method for solving the shortage of water resource in China. Settling tank as a processing link in water treatment system widely used exercises a great influence on sewage treatment efficiency, and sludge emissions have a great influence on the operation of water treatment plant. Manual mud and mechanical dredge are widely used in most of the water treatment plants from the current domestic. The design used ultrasonic as a method for determination of sludge concentration, developped corresponding application control software, and finally completed a reasonable and feasible for settling tank intermittent discharge of sludge monitoring and emission control system.The result of our simulation system shows that the program operation is stable and maneuverability, and this set of monitoring on-line and control system has good application and development foreground.

Drying shrinkage studies of wood sand concrete – Effect of different wood treatments

This work falls under the context of the valorization of local materials and the re-use of industrial wastes. Its main objective is to solve problems posed by the adding of wood shavings to the sand concrete, particularly its dimensional variations. Indeed, it consists to study the drying shrinkage of this material and to try reducing it by the treatment of the wood shavings before their use. Different treatments were tested: a cement surface coating, lime surface coating, cement–lime coating and oil impregnation.An experimental program was conducted in order to measure the shrinkage changes of several wood sand concrete samples by considering five different contents of wood shavings.The results demonstrated that the sand concrete is characterized by an important shrinkage compared to ordinary concrete. With the addition of wood shavings, the shrinkage is higher. Its evolution according to time was confronted with a concrete ACI-model. Then, a proposed model, inspired from ACI-model, has been established in order to adapt the model to wood sand concrete. Regarding the wood treatment, it has been shown the efficacy of all the used treatments on the improvement of the dimensional behavior. Considerable reductions have been recorded: the higher the quantity of wood is, the clearer the improvement is. In addition, the oil treatment was more effective than the surface coating by mineral binders. Concerning the coating, the lime treatment was more effective than the cement treatment. Moreover, the kinetic of the shrinkage evolution appears very fast at the first 2weeks of drying, and then quickly tends to a slight stabilization. Finally, the effect of treatments on the shrinkage was compared to their effect on other properties such as lightness, mechanical strength and thermal insulation.

Distribution of bacteria and nitrogen-cycling microbial communities along constructed Technosol depth-profiles

Technosol construction through assemblage of treated soil and recycled wastes is an innovative option for the restoration of degraded lands and re-use of industrial wastes. Recent studies have evidenced that Technosols could support soil functions such as primary production but the knowledge about other ecosystemic services, such as nutrient cycling, is limited. We investigated how the total bacterial community and key functional microbial communities involved in nitrogen cycling were influenced by the depth and type of Technosol. We found that despite being artificially constructed, Technosols exhibited a gradual change in microbial activity and abundance along the soil profile. Both nitrification and denitrification rates decreased with increasing depth as previously observed in other soil systems. Potential denitrification and nitrification were correlated with Technosol physico-chemical properties but also with abundances of nirS denitrifiers and bacterial amoA gene, respectively. The correlation between nitrification rates and bacterial ammonia-oxidizers suggests that bacteria are driving nitrification in Technosols. A-RISA fingerprints showed a distinct community structure along different Technosol layers. Technosol properties affected denitrification strongly than nitrification underlining the importance of better understanding the microbial communities in Technosols to maximize their potential for nutrient cycling, an essential ecosystem function.

Reuse of Paper Mill Ash in Plaster Blends

This work is part of a broad research conducted to study the re-use of industrial wastes in an economical and environmentally sustainable manner. Re-use of lightweight ash from the paper mill industry in the manufacture of plaster blends is examined in this study. Lightweight ash is produced during the combustion process of de-inking sludge. Studies demonstrate that lightweight ash is an excellent ingredient in the production of cement mortars and/or pozzolanic mortars to be used as plaster. In this research, ash valorization was researched by investigating the efficacy of the ash as it is, as a substitute for very fine sand. If properly mixed at an optimal mix proportion, the mechanical strength ranges from 4÷10MPa with specific gravity between 1150 and 1350 Kg/m 3 . Water absorption may be reduced to a very low level with silane-based surface treatment.

Kinetics and isotherms of leather dye adsorption by tannery solid waste

In this work, the potential for reuse of industrial wastes of vegetal and chromium tanned leather as an adsorbent has been proposed to be an efficient and economical alternative in removal of tannery dyes from aqueous solutions. Wastewater samples from a leather wet finishing process were characterized. Synthetic aqueous solutions in the range of wastewater dye concentrations were produced and the adsorption pH values of two types of leather waste (chromium- and vegetable-tanned) were analyzed. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics of the dyes Acid Yellow No. 194, Acid Red No. 357 and Acid Black No. 210 were obtained for chromium-tanned waste at the optimal adsorption pH (between 2 and 3). For the adsorption of the YELLOW 194, RED 357 and BLACK 210 dyes, the isotherms showed C1, H2 and H3 shapes and could be represented by the Henry, Langmuir and BET models, respectively. The kinetics of the three dyes showed behaviors similar to the Elovich model, suggesting that the adsorption had a chemical nature. The kinetics of YELLOW 194 were represented by pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models, while the RED 357 adsorption kinetics were represented by a pseudo-second order model. Moreover, YELLOW 194 adsorption was controlled by diffusion into the boundary layer, whereas the RED 357 and BLACK 210 adsorptions were controlled by diffusion into adsorbent particles.

Utilization of fly ash as engineering pellet aggregates

It has been recognized that there exists a serious need for recovery and reuse of industrial wastes. Agglomeration by pelletization method can alleviate the problems associated with fly ash. The objective of this study was to evaluate the material properties of manufactured aggregates produced from fly ash and cement mixing by pelletization method. Engineering properties of the manufactured aggregates were evaluated experimentally. Crushing strength, specific gravity, water absorption, particle size distribution, surface characteristics and shear strength properties of the manufactured aggregates were evaluated. For all practical purposes, the study showed that the manufactured aggregates are a good alternative for wide range civil engineering applications.

Government policies for encouraging industrial waste reuse and pollution prevention in Taiwan

In order to conservatively utilize natural resources, Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration (EPA), in cooperation with the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA), has mandated the regulatory system and promotion programs for industrial waste reuse and pollution prevention. The newly-designated 43 items for reuse were promulgated by the MOEA under the authorization of the Waste Disposal Act (WDA) in January 2002. Also, joint efforts at industrial waste minimization (IWM) have made noteworthy progress towards the promotion of reusing/reducing industrial waste since 1990. The IWM program not only provides technical assistance and financial incentives, but also enhances resource reuse and conservation through Industrial Waste Exchange Information Service Center. These measures have brought significant benefits by saving treatment/disposal costs and improving productivity. This paper presents the regulatory system and implementation promotion on industrial waste reuse and pollution prevention in Taiwan.

A proposal of recycling-oriented industrial systems

Green and clean environment is a watchword in the current society. Government-supported activities are directed towards making the surroundings cleaner and greener. Industries are penalised if their effect on the environment goes beyond a certain tolerable limit. The strict control measures imposed by the government and consumers have forced industries to adopt changes in their production methods to reduce pollution and refuse dumping levels. Many industries are of course tackling the problems positively by themselves. Recycling methods are practised by major industries and institutes to reduce impact on the environment. In this article, a new approach which aims at ' 'Recycling-Oriented Industrial Systems (or Complex) is proposed to prevent environmental degradation. In this new system, the reuse of industrial waste is given major attention. In order to accomplish this task more efficiently, production and waste treatment facilities must be unified to become like the circulation system of human blood. Reproduction and reuse of objects are studied meticulously along with information flow and the evaluation of the economy from the viewpoint of an engineering design. The new system intends to make the world a better, safer and cleaner place to live.

Recycling and reuse of industrial wastes in Taiwan

Eighteen million metric tons of industrial wastes are produced every year in Taiwan. In order to properly handle the industrial wastes, the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (Taiwan EPA) has set up strategic programs that include establishment of storage, treatment, and final disposal systems, establishment of a management center for industrial wastes, and promotion of recycling and reuse of industrial wastes. The Taiwan EPA has been actively promoting the recycling and reuse of industrial wastes over the years. In July 1995 the Taiwan EPA amended and promulgated the Criteria for the Industrial Waste Storage, Collection and Processing Facility, July, 1995 that added articles related to general industrial waste recycling and reuse. In June 1996 the Taiwan EPA promulgated the Non-listed General Industrial Waste Reuse Application Procedures, June, 1996, followed by the Regulations Governing the Permitting of Hazardous Industrial Waste Reuse, June 1996, setting up a full regulatory framework for governing industrial waste reuse. To broaden the recycling and reuse of general industrial wastes, the Taiwan EPA has listed 14 industrial waste items for recycling and reuse, including waste paper, waste iron, coal ash, tempered high furnace bricks (cinder), high furnace bricks (cinder), furnace transfer bricks (cinder), sweetening dregs, wood (whole/part), glass (whole/part), bleaching earth, ceramics (pottery, brick, tile and cast sand), individual metal scraps (copper, zinc, aluminum and tin), distillery grain (dregs) and plastics. As of June 1999, 99 applications for reuse of industrial wastes had been approved with 1.97 million metric tons of industrial wastes being reused.

Recycling and reuse of industrial wastes

This handbook assists pollution prevention efforts by encouraging recycling and reuse of wastes found on Superfund or Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Corrective Action sites. It outlines specific technologies for recycling and reuse of materials that require remediation at contaminated sites. Case studies within the book document applications of these technologies to real world conditions. Site and waste type, technology application, recycling benefits, economics, and limitations are discussed for each case study. Both organic and inorganic contaminants in solid and liquid media are considered.

Recycling and Reuse of Industrial Wastes

Recycling and Reuse of Industrial Wastes