Optimal Design Results Research Articles

Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Behavior in Cement Treated Soil (CTS) with the Addition of Portland Composite Cement (PCC) and Lime (CaO) to Passive Constraints

This research aims to analyze the physical and mechanical behavior of soil stabilized with the addition of PCC cement and lime (CaO) as well as the application of passive confinement using a polymer layer reinforced with glass fiber (GFRP). Soil stabilization was carried out by mixing 8% cement and 4% lime based on the optimum mix design results. Soil specimens were compacted using the standard compaction method and tested at 28 days of age. Next, the test specimens were coated with 1, 2, and 3 layers of GFRP to examine the passive effect on compressive strength. The test results show that the addition of PCC cement and lime (CaO) can significantly increase soil strength. Mohr-Coulomb analysis shows cohesion values of 0.032 MPa; 0.046 MPa; and 0.115 MPa, as well as shear angles of 45.46°, 45.08°, and 44.99° for each number of GFRP layers. The application of GFRP as a passive restraint also provides a gradual increase in compressive strength according to the number of layers used. This study proves that the combination of soil stabilization using PCC cement, lime, and the gradual application of GFRP is effective in improving the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, particularly for construction needs that require high load-bearing capacity.

Optimum Design of Transformers for Offshore Wind Power Generators Considering Their Behavior

This paper presents a structural optimization technique based on precise heat transfer analysis for transformers. Mechanical and thermal stresses during operation are particularly critical in confined environments, such as within wind turbine generators. To optimize the transformer’s structure, the temperature distribution is first calculated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the finite volume method. Eddy current losses, necessary for thermal analysis, are determined through electromagnetic analysis. These CFD results are then used as input conditions for structural analysis. Finally, structural optimization is performed on critical areas, primarily the radiation fins and panels. All models are analyzed in 3D, and the simulation results are validated through comparison with experimental data. Consequently, the optimized design results were validated against simulations, exhibiting a maximum deviation of 4%. These findings confirm the success of the proposed transformer design optimization.

Simulation calculation of fluid field- thermal field of oil-immersed transformer and optimization of winding structure parameters

The optimization method of winding structure parameters of oil-immersed transformer is proposed to reduce the hot spot temperature of transformer and the metal conductor consumption based on the coupling calculation method of electromagnetic-fluid-thermal. Firstly, a 3-D simulation model is established by using finite element software, and the distribution of the thermal field and the fluid field around the transformer as well as the fluid field and thermal field of the low-voltage winding are obtained. Considering the calculation efficiency and accuracy, a 2-D model of transformer low-voltage winding is established, and the thermal field and flow field distribution of the two models are compared and analyzed. The temperature error was less than 5.98?, which verified the accuracy of the equivalent model. On this basis, combined with Latin hypercube experiment design and thermal field simulation method, the response surface model of winding hot spot temperature and structural parameters is established. Taking the hot spot temperature of low voltage winding and the amount of metal conductor as optimization objectives, the optimal solution set of Pareto is obtained by using NSGS-? optimization algorithm, and two kinds of optimal design results are obtained on the Pareto front surface. The results show that the hot spot temperature is reduced by 4.16% and the metal conductor consumption is reduced by 13.79% in Scheme 1 and the hot spot temperature is reduced by 0.51% and the metal conductor consumption is reduced by 28.46% in Scheme 2. The research results have important guiding significance for the optimization of oil-immersed transformer.

Concurrent multi-scale design optimization of fiber-reinforced composite material based on an adaptive normal distribution fiber optimization scheme for minimum structural compliance and additive manufacturing

Concurrent multi-scale design optimization of fiber-reinforced composite material based on an adaptive normal distribution fiber optimization scheme for minimum structural compliance and additive manufacturing

Research on multi-objective optimization method in the design of high-power nanocrystalline alloy high-frequency transformer

Research on multi-objective optimization method in the design of high-power nanocrystalline alloy high-frequency transformer

Numerical optimization of hydrothermal and thermodynamical performance for metal foam multi-jet impingement cooling

A novel porous multi-jet impingement cooling technology since the current conventional cooling technologies are insufficient for thermal engineering devices. This innovative numerical study explores the effect of various metal foam sizes (h/H), jet numbers (n) and wavy jet target plates (C) on the hydrothermal performance and thermodynamical performance at varying Reynolds numbers (Re). The novel results of multi-objective optimum design are a unique aspect of this work by combining the results of RSM with CFD, where low porosity (ε = 0.1), low applied heat flux (Q = 100 × 103 W/m2) and low location jet ratio (LRVin = 0.26) were achieved the aim of the optimum hydrothermal performance (NumP/NumS = 25-30 times and Tb Reduction% = 83.5%-89.5%) and the thermodynamical performance (EG Reduction% = 93%-96% and CoPCarnot = 2.3-6.5 times). Thus, a valuable procedure for the optimal design of the hydrothermal and thermodynamical performance for porous multi-jet impingement cooling is proposed.

Multi-Physical Field Analysis and Optimization Design of the High-Speed Motor of an Air Compressor for Hydrogen Oxygen Fuel Cells

The hydrogen oxygen fuel cell is a power source with significant potential for development. The air compressor provides ample oxygen for the fuel cell, and as a key component of the air compressor, the performance of the motor greatly impacts the efficiency of the fuel cell. In order to enhance the system performance of high-speed permanent magnet motors, optimization was conducted on the motor’s geometric dimensions to minimize rotor loss and maximize power density, taking into account the comprehensive constraints of electromagnetic and mechanical properties. The finite-element method was employed to analyze the motor’s performance, conducting a multi-physical field analysis that included electromagnetic field, rotor loss, and mechanical strength analysis, as well as temperature field analysis. Aiming at the problem of high temperature rise in high-speed motor winding, the influence of the cooling water flow rate on the winding temperature rise was analyzed and simulated. Based on the analysis results, the minimum cooling water flow rate was obtained. According to the optimized design results, a prototype of an 18 kW, 100,000 rpm motor was manufactured, and the efficiency and temperature rise were tested. The experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the optimal design.

Optimisation of biochar dose in anaerobic co-digestion of green algae and cattle manure using artificial neural networks and response surface methodology

Optimisation of biochar dose in anaerobic co-digestion of green algae and cattle manure using artificial neural networks and response surface methodology

Optimization design of rotor system with squeeze film damper

For the rotor system with squeeze film damper (SFD), an optimization design method based on eccentricity iteration was proposed. In this method, ANSYS is used to calculate the dynamic characteristics of the rotor, and Isight is used to solve the optimization design problem. The position of bearing, the position of disks and the support stiffness of SFD was selected as design variables. The optimization design of a double-disk flexible rotor system with SFD was performed, and a series of comparative experiments were carried out. The experimental results show that: after optimization, the amplitude response of the two disks is only 0.052 mm and 0.08 mm respectively when the rotor system passes through the critical speed, and the reaction response of the two supports is only 35 N and 34.2 N respectively. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. It can be used as a general method to deal with the engineering problems of optimal design of complex rotor system with SFD. The optimal design result of the rotor system is that the stiffness of the elastic support is reduced to the minimum, and the position of the two disks is close to the support on the premise that the critical speed satisfies the constraint.

Ultra-large scale array silicon pixel sensors with uniform and low leakage current for advanced X-ray light sources

The development of silicon pixel sensors (SPS) with high operating voltage, low leakage currents, and large arrays can contribute to improving the energy and spatial resolution of advanced X-ray light source detection systems. The Future Detection System comprises a hybrid-pixel detector with a collective resolution of 2048 × 2048 pixels, each measuring 100 μm× 100 μm. It consists of 16 p-i-n SPSs, where each sensor has an array size of 1024× 256 pixels. In this paper, the design of the pixel and guard rings is optimized to achieve uniform and ultra-low pixels leakage currents under high operating voltage. The high leakage current uniformity of the designed sensor is demonstrated through several tests conducted on small scale array SPS. The leakage current of the tested pixels is in the range of 0.50–0.55 pA at room temperature with less than 5% leakage deviation on the whole array. It is accompanied by breakdown voltages greater than 1000 V. The optimized 256× 128 pixel SPS showcases uniform leakage currents below 0.6 pA per pixel at room temperature, as evidence in both the edge and central pixels. The 1024× 256 pixels SPS is then manufactured based on the optimized design results. The obtained results show that the breakdown voltage is greater than 1000 V and the leakage current of the pixel is less than 2.5 pA. In addition, the interpixel capacitance of the sensor also reach an ultra-low level of 16 fF. This study paves the way for the development of a robust semiconductor device solution for applications where ultra-fast and large panel-pixel detectors in advanced X-ray light source detection systems are required.

Radial basis function‐based Pareto optimization of an outer rotor brushless DC motor

AbstractThis paper presents the development of an optimization and modeling method for the objective functions of output power, efficiency and weight of an outer rotor permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor based on radial basis function (RBF) approximation technique. The proposed RBF‐based Pareto optimization method requires less knowledge about electric/magnetic formulas and can replace conventional optimizations based on these equations with higher accuracy. To apply the proposed optimization method, the initial design should be developed using such equations. Therefore, RBFs are used to model and predict engine behavior. To optimize the objective functions, we used a genetic algorithm optimization technique with nonlinear electric and magnetic constraints to find the Pareto front set. The design obtained by the proposed radial basis function Pareto optimization (RBFPO) method was finally verified by Ansoft Maxwell. The results of optimal design using the RBFPO method have higher output power and efficiency. Also, in addition to the advantage of a favorable accuracy, RBF‐based models are significantly faster than models available in simulation tools.

Design and Analysis of Cube Satellite Structure

Abstract: Currently, with new technologies, lower and cheaper satellites have been designed and launched. similar satellites fit as educational tools to unborn masterminds. With many kilograms and reduced confines, they've simple operation, despite being complete systems able to perform real operations. During CubeSat platform development, the conception of the design process is formulated and standard physical connections are proposed to find number of optimal design result in terms of introductory limitations and features comity. Specifically, new modular structure is proposed in order to allows flexible subsystems agreement. This paper checks and estimates the eventuality of one- unit CubeSat platform

Optimum design of the quaternary composite binder considering strength, cost, and electrical resistivity

Optimum design of the quaternary composite binder considering strength, cost, and electrical resistivity

Machine learning and genetic algorithm-based framework for the life-cycle cost-based optimal design of self-centering building structures

Machine learning and genetic algorithm-based framework for the life-cycle cost-based optimal design of self-centering building structures

Design and optimization of intermediate heat exchanger for lead-bismuth cooled fast reactor coupled with supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle

Design and optimization of intermediate heat exchanger for lead-bismuth cooled fast reactor coupled with supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle

Enhancing Urban Surface Runoff Conveying System Dimensions through Optimization Using the Non-Dominated Sorting Differential Evolution (NSDE) Metaheuristic Algorithm

Rapid urban development and increase in construction have significantly altered the surface coverage of cities, resulting in a rise in impervious surfaces such as roofs, streets, and pavements. These changes act as barriers against rainwater infiltration into the soil, leading to a substantial increase in surface runoff. Managing surface runoff has become a critical task in civil engineering and urban planning, as it can mitigate damage and provide opportunities for utilizing excess water. However, traditional flood control and guidance systems tend to be extensive and expensive, prompting researchers to explore cost-effective alternatives that consider all design parameters and variables. In this research, we propose an innovative approach that combines the NSDE (non-dominated sorting differential evolution) metaheuristic algorithm as an optimizer with the SWMM (storm water management model) as a simulator. The objective is to design efficient surface runoff collection networks by thoroughly investigating their hydraulic behaviors. This study focuses on the Chitgar watershed in Tehran, Iran, utilizing the SWMM model and NSDE multi-objective metaheuristic algorithm to determine the optimal dimensions of the channel and its intersecting structures. The aim is to minimize costs and reduce water leakage from the network. A comparison is made between the optimized design results and the existing network plan (without any design modifications). The analysis reveals substantial reductions in water leakage for all three design scenarios: a 7.66% reduction when considering only bridges, a 7.35% reduction with only the canal, and an impressive 95.26% reduction when both the canal and bridges are incorporated. These findings demonstrate the superiority of the optimized designs in terms of cost-effectiveness and the efficient management of surface runoff.

Topology optimization and parameter optimization hybridized by mesh smoothing for IPMSM design

PurposeTopology optimization (TO) methods have shown their unique advantage in the innovative design of electric machines. However, when introducing the TO method to the rotor design of interior permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machines (IPMSMs), the layout parameters of the magnet cannot be synchronously optimized with the topology of the air barrier; the full design potential, thus, cannot be unlocked. The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel method in which the layout parameters PMs and the topology of air barriers can be optimized simultaneously for aiding the innovative design of IPMSMs.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a simultaneous TO and parameter optimization (PO) method that is applicable to the innovative design of IPMSMs. In this method, the mesh deformation technique is introduced to make it possible to make a connection between the TO and PO, and the multimodal optimization problem can thereby be solved more efficiently because good topological features are inherited during iterative optimization.FindingsThe numerical results of two case studies show that the proposed method can find better Pareto fronts than the traditional TO method within comparable time-consuming. As the optimal design result, novel rotor structures with better torque profiles and higher reluctance torque are respectively found.Originality/valueA method that can simultaneously optimize the topology and parameter variables for the design of IPMSMs is proposed. The numerical results show that the proposed method is useful and practical for the conceptual and innovative design of IPMSMs because it can automatically explore optimal rotor structures from the full design space without relying on the experience and knowledge of the engineer.

Application of Modified Hybrid Vision Correction Algorithm for Water Distribution Systems in Civil Engineering

Application of Modified Hybrid Vision Correction Algorithm for Water Distribution Systems in Civil Engineering

Commuting-pattern-oriented stochastic optimization of electric powertrains for revealing contributions of topology modifications to the powertrain energy efficiency

Commuting-pattern-oriented stochastic optimization of electric powertrains for revealing contributions of topology modifications to the powertrain energy efficiency

Modeling and Optimal Design of Inductor-Integrated Three-Phase 3-D Wound Core Transformer Under SPWM Excitation

Compared with the laminated core transformer (LCT), the 3D wound core transformer(3D-WCT) has the characteristics of symmetrical magnetic circuit and low vibration. This article focuses on the modeling and optimal design of the 3D-WCT for isolated DC/AC application. Firstly, based on the Jiles-Aterton model, a nonlinear magnetic circuit model of the 3D-WCT is established to calculate the flux density and core loss accurately under SPWM excitation. A thermal network model is presented for the steady-state temperature-rise calculation of the forced-air cooled 3D-WCT. Secondly, the optimal design method is carried out on the basis of the magnetic circuit and thermal network models. Based on the optimized design results, a regression analysis is performed to establish the relationship between the design variables and the performance objectives. Finally, a 75kVA 3D-WCT prototype is manufactured and tested in the actual inverter power supply to verify the established magnetic circuit and thermal network models. The 3D-WCT prototype is applied to the 150kVA inverter power supply, which contributes to achieving high power density and high efficiency of the power supply.