Rest Seats Research Articles

Retention Assessment of High Performance Poly-etheretherketone Removable Partial Denture Frameworks Constructed by Various Techniques (in vitro Study).

Statement of the Problem: Poly-etheretherketone is a novel material used in the construction of the removable partial dentures frameworks instead of the metal frameworks. This material can be fabricated by various techniques. Most common methods are the injection molding or Computer Aided Design/Computer Aiding Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling techniques. The fabrication technique may affect the adaptation of the frameworks by influencing the retention.Purpose: To assess the effect of the processing techniques of high performance Poly-etheretherketone either by injection molding (pressing) or CAD/CAM milling techniques on removable partial denture frameworks retention for rehabilitation of upper class I Kennedy classification.Materials and Method: This in vitro study was performed on one epoxy resin model representing the partially edentulous maxillary arch with natural teeth extending from first premolar to first premolar. First premolars and canines were reduced to receive porcelain fused to metal crowns with 0.50mm mesio-buccal retentive undercuts, distal guiding planes and mesial occlusal rest seat on first premolars and cingulum rest seat on canines. Considering the construction technique of frameworks, twenty samples were divided into two groups. In the group I, ten frameworks were fabricated by injection molding, and in the group II, ten frameworks were fabricated by CAD/CAM. The removal and insertion was carried out at 120, 720 and 1440 cycles for both groups, respectively. The retention values were measured by using Universal Testing Machine before cycling and after each interval.Results: Independent t-test showed significant difference on retention at different simulation cycles between groups. Group II exhibited significantly less retention than group I (p< 0.001), while comparing the retention at different cycles within each group by paired sample t-test exhibited significant decrease of retention till the end of the cycling (p< 0.001).Conclusion: From the retention point of view, high performance poly-etheretherketone frameworks fabricated by injection molding technique provided a promising method over CAD/CAM technique milling method.

The use of intraoral scanning and 3D printed casts to facilitate the fabrication and retrofitting of a new metal-ceramic crown supporting an existing removable partial denture

Fabricating a new crown to retrofit with an existing removable partial denture (RPD) is a complex procedure for both clinician and dental laboratory technician. The presented technique facilitates the fabrication and retrofitting of a metal-ceramic crown onto the principal abutment of the existing RPD by using 2-step intraoral scanning (with and without the RPD in place) and 2 different 3-dimensionally printed casts. The technique enables the dental laboratory technician to precisely reproduce the retentive areas, guiding planes, and rest seats on the retrofitted crown.

Stress distribution and patient satisfaction in flexible and cast metal removable partial dentures: Finite element analysis and randomized pilot study

PurposeTo compare stress distribution in polyacetyl based flexible RPD (FRPD) with cast metal RPD (CRPD) by using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) and patient satisfaction by using OHIP-14 questionnaire in participants with Kennedy's class I partially edentulous mandibular arch rehabilitated with CRPD and FRPD. Material and methodsFor FEA, 3D models of Kennedy's class I partially edentulous mandibular arch, CRPD in chrome-cobolt alloy, and polyacetyl based FRPD were geometrically modelled and subjected to a vertical load of 100 ​N bilaterally. The in vivo comparison of satisfaction was assessed by enrolling 22 participants with Kennedy's class I partially edentulous mandibular arch. After randomization, 11 participants were rehabilitated by CRPD (group C), and 11 participants by polyacetyl based FRPD (group F). OHIP-14 questionnaire in Hindi language was filled at 1 week and 1 year after denture insertion. ResultsVon Mises stress distribution in CRPD was maximum in mesial rest seat of the primary abutment (100 ​MPa) and minimum for edentulous ridge (7 ​MPa on bone and 6 ​MPa on mucosa). Von Mises stress distribution for polyaccetyl based FRPD was maximum in ridge (25 ​MPa) and minimum in periodontal ligament of the second premolar (3 ​MPa). Patient satisfaction in group F was significantly more than in group C at end of 1 year (P ​= ​.0158). ConclusionFRPD is useful in periodontally compromised abutment teeth and CRPD in resorbed ridge conditions. Patient satisfaction is more with polyacetyl based flexible RPD when compared with cast metal RPD at the end of 1 year.

Fatigue Fracture Resistance of Different Materials Restoring Rest Seat Preparations in Removable Partial Dentures

Aim: This study aimed to compare the fatigue behavior of resin composite and dental amalgam restorative materials used below the occlusal rest of removable partial denture (RPD). Subjects and methods: Thirty extracted first maxillary molars were prepared with standard class II cavities and divided to three groups (n=10 per group). Group I and group II were filled with composite (Charisma Smart and Flitek Z250) respectively and group III was filled with amalgam (Dispersalloy). After 24 hours, 30 standard saucer shaped rest seats were prepared. The samples were stored in distilled water for 14 days prior to testing. Fatigue resistance test was evaluated by the step-test method on a computer controlled materials testing machine. One way ANOVA followed by pair-wise Tukey’s post-hoc tests was used to determine the significance between groups. Results: The difference between groups was statistically non-significant as indicated by the one way ANOVA followed by pair-wise Tukey’s post-hoc multiple comparison tests (p=8910>0.05). Conclusion: There was insignificant difference in the fatigue fracture resistances between the tested groups.

Fracture resistance of CAD-CAM all-ceramic surveyed crowns with different occlusal rest seat designs.

PURPOSETo investigate the fracture resistance of monolithic CAD-CAM all-ceramic surveyed crowns with two different occlusal rest seat designs.MATERIALS AND METHODSTwo maxillary first premolar were prepared for all-ceramic surveyed crowns with wide (2/3rd of buccolingual width of an unprepared tooth) or narrow (1/3rd of buccolingual width of an unprepared tooth) disto-occlusal rest seat (ORS) designs. Eighty monolithic CAD-CAM all-ceramic surveyed crowns were prepared and divided into 4 groups - Group CR, Composite resin material as a control; Group LDS, Lithium disilicate based material; Group ZIPS, zirconia-material (IPS ZirCAD); and Group ZLHT, zirconia- material (CeramillZolidht+). Crowns were cemented on an epoxy resin die with adhesive resin cement. The fracture resistance of crowns was tested with the universal machine. Univariate regression analysis was used.RESULTSThe mean ± standard deviation of maximum failure force values varied from 3476.10 ± 285.97 N for the narrow ORS subgroup of group ZIPS to 687.89 ± 167.63 N for the wide ORS subgroup of group CR. The mean ± standard deviation of maximum force was 1075 ± 77.0 N for group CR, 1309.3 ± 283.9 N for group LDS, 3476.1 ± 285.97 N for group ZIPS, and 2666.7 ± 228.21 N for group ZLHT, with narrow occlusal rest seat design. The results of the intergroup comparison showed significant differences in fracture strength with various material groups and occlusal rest seat designs (P <.001).CONCLUSIONThe zirconia-based all-ceramic surveyed crowns fractured at more than double the load of Lithium disilicate based crowns. The crowns with narrow base occlusal rest seat design had statistically significantly higher fracture resistance than surveyed crowns with wide occlusal rest seat design. The use of narrow occlusal rest seat design in CAD-CAM all ceramic surveyed crowns provides higher fracture resistance, and therefore narrow occlusal rest design can be used for providing esthetics with high strength.

Survival of posterior fixed partial dentures with minimal tooth reduction and improved esthetics: An in vitro study

Statement of problemDifferent designs of posterior minimally invasive fixed partial dentures (MIFPDs) still require additional tooth preparation for guide planes, occlusal rest seats, and grooves and/or slots to increase retention and resistance forms. Whether a design with less tooth reduction can be successful is unclear. PurposeThis in vitro study compared the long-term survival and retention after cyclic loading of a conventional MIFPD and a posterior MIFPD that was designed for less tooth reduction and improved esthetics. Material and methodsPreviously frozen extracted human premolars and molars were embedded in polymethylmethacrylate resin blocks to simulate the loss of a first molar. The block specimens were divided into 3 groups (n=10) according to prosthesis design: control, a conventional posterior MIFPD with partial-coverage retainers; A2S, a 2-part posterior MIFPD with a semiprecision attachment; and A3, a 3-part posterior MIFPD. The prostheses were cemented onto the abutments with 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methylmethacrylate-tri-n-butylborane (4-META/MMA-TBB) resin. The specimens were subjected to 2 500 000 cyclic loading cycles with a compressive force of 50 to 800 N in a universal testing machine. After cyclic loading, the intact prosthesis was removed by using tensile force at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The mode of failure and bonding interface were evaluated by using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The retention data were analyzed by using 1-way ANOVA and the Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test (α=.05). ResultsNo prosthesis detached during cyclic loading. The mean ±standard deviation retentive forces among the control (396.7 ±73.2 N), A2S (228.3 ±52.5 N), and A3 (529.9 ±86.2 N) groups were significantly different (P<.05). The hybridized enamel layer of the abutments had a consistent thickness after immersion in 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid. ConclusionsThe results suggest that the 2- and 3-part posterior MIFPDs should have a high long-term survival rate in the oral cavity.

Citizens' preferences and attitudes towards urban waterfront spaces: a case study of Qiantang riverside development.

Many cities are facing various environmental problems, where performance-based planning and nature-based solutions have been proposed to address such problems. As a natural landscape in the city, urban waterfront space has efficient ecological benefits, high-quality landscape vision and environment, and it is an important carrier of citizens’ activities. However, existing studies have mainly focused on coping with environmental problems, while social functions and strategies have been neglected. Therefore, this study aims to fill such research gaps by understanding the social performance of urban waterfront spaces. Field observation and questionnaire survey were conducted in a famous urban waterfront space, Qiantang riverside walkway, in Hangzhou, China. The results indicate that the Qiantang riverside walkway serves as a space for tourism, leisure and entertainment, as the visitors who lived more than 5 km away from here accounted for about 50% and the local people also accounted for about 50%. People’s activities exhibited significantly temporal differences, where the occupation of the Qiantang riverside walkway reached a peak at night. For the people who lived far from here, they mainly depended on self-driving, which led to two critical problems relevant to transport linkage with the city and parking lot. Results also indicate that the landscape, supporting facilities and road functions could perform well among the mind of 102 respondents. However, public service and main facilities should be improved to meet more people’s requirements. Moreover, importantly, the results indicate the phenomenon of stratification and agglomeration so that the similar aspects (e.g. rest seat quantity, rest seat style) could be merged into the same cluster (e.g. rest seat) for consideration in the urban waterfront space planning and design. This study also generates some implications for the renovation of urban waterfront spaces. Overall, this study provides people with basic understanding of the social performance of existing urban waterfront spaces, which can further promote urban planners and designers to comprehensively build sustainable, resilient and healthy water-based living environments.

Digital Workflow for Retrofitting a Surveyed Crown Using a Removable Partial Denture as an Antagonist.

Digital workflow expedites the procedure of retrofitting a surveyed crown against an existing removable partial denture (RPD). This article describes a simple and straightforward technique of digital workflow where an existing RPD is scanned as an antagonist to design the rest seat, guide plane, and height of contour of a surveyed crown.

FREQUENCY OF INADEQUATE DIMENSIONS OF OCCLUSAL REST SEAT PREPARED ON 2ND MOLAR ABUTMENTS FOR CAST REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES

Objective: To evaluate occlusal rest seat preparations for cobalt chromium cast removable partial denture. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Prosthodontics, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar starting from June 2014 to June 2015 using consecutive non-probability sampling technique. Data was collected from 127 partially dentate patients having a bounded saddle with a distal abutment as second molar with normal occlusal surface morphology and mesio-occlusal rest seats prepared on the mentioned molar teeth. Patients having partially dentate areas with no principal abutment as second molar and rest seat other than mesio-occlusal rest seat were excluded from the study. Casts were evaluated for aspects of rest seat like the general outline form of the rest seat (visually assessed from the casts), the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal dimensions were measured using a divider and scale. Depth of the rest seat was measured by placing a piece of warm modelling wax with the casts in occlusion and measuring the thickness using Iwenson gauge. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: Out of 127 patients, mean age recorded was 38 years with Standard deviation ± 2.15. Males (62%, n=79) reported more than females (38%, n=48). The most frequently reported inadequate dimension was the depth of rest seat (46%, n=58), followed by the general outline form and mesio-distal width (40%, n= 51). The bucco-lingual dimension was recorded to be inadequate in 37% (n=47) of the cases. Conclusion: Most of The participants tend to under-prepare rest seat in terms of outline form, width, length and depth.

Quality of communicating design features for cobalt chromium removable partial dentures in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

This survey aimed to investigate quality of communicating design features for the construction of cobalt chromium removable partial dentures (RPDs) among dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A survey of nine commercial dental laboratories located in Riyadh was carried out. In each visit, master casts for cobalt chromium RPDs and dentists' prescriptions were examined. A quality score for the provided instructions was developed and ranged from 0 to 4. A zero score means that no instructions were sent from the dentist for the design of the RPD. A score of 4 means that instructions were provided for the design of four main elements of the RPD, i.e., shape of major connector, type of direct retainers, position of direct retainers, position of dental rests. 162 dentists' prescriptions for RPDs and related casts were assessed. The majority of RPD cases were designed by the dental technician alone (64.2%). Shape of the major connector was the most frequent element in dentists' prescriptions (35.8%). The mean quality score of dentists' instructions was 0.96 (sd=1.54). 18% of the provided instructions achieved quality score equal to 4. Prescriptions for Kennedy Class III cases achieved significantly higher mean quality score compared to Kennedy Class II cases (p<0.05). 16.7% of the evaluated casts had clearly defined rest seat preparation. The results of this survey indicate inadequate quality of communicating the design features of cobalt chromium RPDs among practicing dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The reliance on the dental technician to design the cast RPDs seems to be high.

The Fit Accuracy of Removable Partial Denture Metal Frameworks Using Conventional and 3D Printed Techniques: An In Vitro Study

To evaluate the accuracy of removable partial denture (RPD) metal frameworks fabricated by the conventional lost-wax (CLW) technique and those made by the selective laser melting (SLM). A dentoform of a mandibular Kennedy class III, modification 1 dental arch were surveyed, and rest seats were prepared on the abutment teeth. The dentoform was then duplicated into a metal die which was used as a reference model. Thirty RPD metal frameworks were fabricated by two techniques; fifteen for each technique. Polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression material was painted on the intaglio surface of the rests of each framework which is then seated on the reference die. PVS specimens that represent the gap under the rest were measured in four zones: buccal, lingual, marginal and central by a single examiner using a digital microscope at 50x in micrometers. Comparison between the two techniques for each abutment tooth revealed that the CLW technique had better fit in one tooth, while the SLM technique showed a better fit in two teeth. Regarding the edentulous span length within the SLM technique, the long edentulous span had a significantly better fit. When comparing the four measured rest zones, it was found that in the CLW technique group, the marginal zone had the highest fit accuracy while the lingual zone showed the lowest fit accuracy. In the SLM group, the central zone had the best fit and the buccal zone had the worst fit. RPD frameworks fabricated using the SLM technique showed better fit accuracy than those made by the CLW technique, however, the difference was not statistically significant. SLM is a promising technique for the fabrication of RPD frameworks in routine clinical practice.

Fracture resistance of cingulum rest seats in CAD-CAM tooth-colored crowns for removable partial denture abutments

Statement of problemThe prevalent use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) for tooth-colored ceramic materials has led to several case reports and retrospective clinical studies of surveyed crowns used to support removable partial dentures. How the specific contour of a cingulum rest seat affects the fracture resistance of these CAD-CAM tooth-colored materials is unknown. PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the fracture resistance of monolithic CAD-CAM tooth-colored mandibular canine–surveyed ceramic crowns with cingulum rest seats of different designs. Material and methodsFive groups (n=24/group) of CAD-CAM tooth-colored crowns were milled from the same standard tessellation language (STL) file: group EM, lithium disilicate–based material (IPS e.max CAD CEREC blocks); group SM, zirconia-based material (NexxZr T); group LP, zirconia-based material (Lava Plus High Translucency); group ZC, zirconia-based material (ZirCAD LT); and group MZ, composite resin (MZ100 CEREC blocks), used as a control. Crowns from each group were divided into 2 subgroups representing 2 shapes of cingulum rest seat design: round design subgroup (n=12) with 0.5-mm radius of curvature and sharp design subgroup (n=12) with 0.25-mm radius of curvature for the rest seat preparation. The crowns were cemented with resin cement to a composite resin die on a steel nut. After 24 hours of storage in water at 37°C, the specimens were statically loaded to fracture with a custom metal retainer on top of the cingulum rest seat by using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.5 mm/min. Two-way ANOVA and the Tukey honestly significant difference tests were used to control the familywise error rate (α=.05). Representative specimens were examined using an optical stereomicroscope at ×10 magnification and a scanning electron microscope to determine the failure patterns and fracture mechanism. ResultsThe results of the ANOVA test indicated statistically significant differences by materials and rest seat designs (P<.001). The mean ±standard deviation maximal load capacity was 773.5 ±255.0 N for group MZ, 1124.9 ±283.9 N for group EM, 2784.1 ±400.5 N for group SM, 2526.9 ±547.1 N for group LP, and 3200.8 ±416.8 N for group ZC. The round design subgroups had an approximately 30% higher mean failure load than the sharp design subgroups for all surveyed crowns. ConclusionsThe present in vitro study demonstrated that zirconia-based groups fractured at twice the load as the lithium disilicate group. Of the 3 zirconia-based groups, group ZirCAD had a statistically greater fracture resistance than the other groups. Designing the cingulum rest seat to have a broad round shape provides a statistically significant higher fracture resistance than a sharp-shape design (P<.05).

Preliminary Clinical Application of Removable Partial Denture Frameworks Fabricated Using Computer-Aided Design and Rapid Prototyping Techniques.

The aim of this study was to explore the application of computer-aided design and rapid prototyping (CAD/RP) for removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks and evaluate the fitness of the technique for clinical application. Three-dimensional (3D) images of dentition defects were obtained using a lab scanner. The RPD frameworks were designed using commercial dental software and manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM). A total of 15 cases of RPD prostheses were selected, wherein each patient received two types of RPD frameworks, prepared by CAD/RP and investment casting. Primary evaluation of the CAD/RP framework was performed by visual inspection. The gap between the occlusal rest and the relevant rest seat was then replaced using silicone, and the specimens were observed and measured. Paired t test was used to compare the average thickness and distributed thickness between the CAD/RP and investment casting frameworks. Analysis of variance test was used to compare the difference in thickness among different zones. The RPD framework was designed and directly manufactured using the SLM technique. CAD/RP frameworks may meet the clinical requirements with satisfactory retention and stability and no undesired rotation. Although the average gap between the occlusal rest and the corresponding rest seat of the CAD/RP frameworks was slightly larger than that of the investment casting frameworks (P < .05), it was acceptable for clinical application. RPD frameworks can be designed and fabricated directly using digital techniques with acceptable results in clinical application.

Digital scanning to aid guiding plane and rest seat preparations for removable partial dentures

This article describes the use of a digital intraoral scanner to aid clinicians making rest seat and guiding plane preparations, simplifying the procedure and reducing the time needed to analyze the abutment modifications. No additional equipment is required other than a diagnostic cast and a digital scanner with preparation comparison software.

Interference factors regarding the path of insertion of rotational-path removable partial dentures

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of the location of the rotational center and the morphology of teeth resulting in interference with the rotational path of insertion and to estimate when an interference test should be performed. MethodsA total of 400 dental radiograms of maxillary and mandibular first and second molars (100 for each position) were selected. The radiograms were used to hand-sketch the outlines on tracing paper. Then, an interference test was simulated using calipers. Mesial long occlusal rest seats with three different lengths were designed. A curve-simulated rotational path was drawn on the tracing paper showing the outline of a molar. If the curve was intersected by the mesial outline, interference was occurred. A total of 1200 tests were performed. ResultsA significant number of interference cases (18.5%, N = 400) occurred when the rotational center was placed at the most distal margin of the occlusal surface. The interference was reduced (2.75%, N = 400) but still present at the distal fourth of the occlusal surface. At the distal one-third of the occlusal surface, interference did not occur (0%, N = 400). There was a significant difference between the results of the three rotational centers (p < 0.0001). ConclusionsThe interference test was not required for a rotational center at the distal third to half of the occlusal surface. However, if the length of the long occlusal rest extends beyond the distal third, an interference test is recommended before final impression.

Development of a lingual rest seat using adhesive composite resin after removable partial denture delivery

To improve the support of removable partial dentures, lingual rests are usually prepared on anterior incisor teeth or canines. However, lingual rest seat preparations in enamel are rarely satisfactory on anterior teeth because the enamel lacks the necessary thickness; an adequate rest seat form can be prepared on the working cast using wax, and a cingulum rest seats have been clinically provided using bonded composite resin without sacrifice of tooth structure. This is a conservative and repeatable procedure; if a debonding of the composite rest occurs, it can be simply and quickly replaced.

Prosthetic reconstruction with an obturator using swing-lock attachment for a patient underwent maxillectomy: A clinical report.

Patients who underwent resection of maxilla due to benign or malignant tumor, or accident will have defect in palatal area. They get retention, support and stability from remaining tissues which are hardly optimal. The advantage of swing-lock attachment design is having multiple contacts on labial and lingual side of the abutment teeth by retentive strut and palatal bracing component. Because the force is distributed equally to abutment teeth, abutment teeth of poor prognosis can be benefited from it. It is also more advantageous to cover soft tissue defects which are hard to reach with conventional prosthesis. A 56-year-old female patient who had undergone a maxillectomy due to malignant melanoma complaining of loose and unstable surgical obturator. Surveyed crowns were placed on #12, 26, and 27. Teeth #11, 21, 22, and 23 had lingual rest seat and #24 had mesial rest seat to improve stability and support of the obturator. This clinical report presents the prosthetic management of a patient treated with obturator on the maxilla using swing-lock attachment to the remaining teeth.

Veneered zirconia crowns as abutment teeth for partial removable dental prostheses: A clinical 4-year retrospective study

Statement of problemThe mechanical properties of zirconia suggest that it might serve as a material for abutment crowns for partial removable dental prostheses (RDPs). Only limited clinical evidence is available for the use of ceramics as abutment crowns. PurposeThe purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the outcome of veneered zirconia single crowns in abutment teeth for RPDs in participants treated by predoctoral students. Material and methodsThirty-seven veneered zirconia single crowns in 17 participants (9 men and 8 women; mean age 62.5 years) were prepared as abutment teeth for a clasp-retained RDP with a metal framework: 22 crowns with an occlusal rest seat and 15 crowns with both an occlusal rest seat and retentive clasps. The mean follow-up time was 4.2 years (2.9 to 5.4 years). In a clinical examination, the anatomic form of the crown, marginal fidelity (the border between the crown and the tooth was felt with an explorer), wear of the ceramic surface in the rest seat, and fracture of the veneering porcelain were examined and assessed as good, acceptable, or unacceptable. The retention and stability of the RDPs were recorded as good, moderate, or poor. ResultsThe complications found were fracture of the veneering porcelain (11%) and fracture of the occlusal rest seat (3%). Wear of porcelain at the occlusal contact point was found in 24% of the zirconia single crowns. Wear of the ceramic surfaces of the rest seats for the RDPs was not found. The retention was good in all RDPs. The stability was good in 73% and moderate in 23% of the RDPs. ConclusionsVeneered zirconia single crowns are suitable in abutment teeth for RDPs with a metal framework. Fracture in the veneering porcelain remains a problem with veneered zirconia, although the zirconia surface in the rest seats for RDPs showed no wear.

Most na teleskopima oblikovan s mogućnošću preinake fiksno-mobilnog nadomjestka: prikaz slučaja

This clinical report describes a fixed maxillary telescopic dental prosthesis (FTDP) employing milled base metal copings and a metal superstructure veneered with composite resin, for the restoration in a periodontally compromised patient with uncontrolled diabetes. The telescopic prosthesis framework design incorporated occlusal rest seats in key positions along the arch in case of future posterior tooth loss, in order to be converted to fixed - removable combination prosthesis. The mandible was restored with a conventional fixed ceramo-metal dental prosthesis.

An alternative method to convert fractured metal ceramic surveyed crown into a complete contour zirconia surveyed crown using CADCAM technology under anticancer treatments: a clinical report

In this clinical report, a simple and convenient conversion of a fractured metal-ceramic surveyed crown into a complete contour zirconia surveyed crown by using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology for an existing partial removable dental prosthesis is described. The duplication of the original contours, morphology, and the rest seat of the existing metal-ceramic surveyed crown, into a complete contour zirconia surveyed crown under anticancer treatments were reported.