Responsibility For Health Research Articles

Health in global biodiversity governance: what is next?

The dependency of human health and wellbeing on nature is documented across disciplines, regions, cultures, and economies. Environmental degradation contributes substantially to the global burden of disease and concurrent global environmental changes are increasingly recognised as public health threats, worldwide. 1 Myers SS Gaffikin L Golden CD et al. Human health impacts of ecosystem alteration. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2013; 110: 18753-18760 Crossref PubMed Scopus (268) Google Scholar The 196 parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) have called for increased engagement on biodiversity and health since 2014, 2 Willetts L Nature negotiations: sharing responsibility for global health. Lancet Planet Health. 2022; 6: e554-e556 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar while calls from stakeholders for integrated decision making are similarly long standing. 3 Whitmee S Haines A Beyrer C et al. Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on planetary health. Lancet. 2015; 386: 1973-2028 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1125) Google Scholar Yet few civil society health organisations have historically engaged with the CBD and its intergovernmental negotiating process. 4 Willetts E Grant L Bansard J et al. Health in the global environmental agenda: a policy guide. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/health-global-environment-agenda-policy-guideDate: 2022 Date accessed: January 16, 2023 Google Scholar This situation is, however, changing. In 2022, civil society health professionals and organisations were involved in the CBD agenda-setting (intersessional subsidiary body) and decision-making (Conference of the Parties [COP]) meetings. Five civil society health organisations attended the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference (COP 15) in Montréal, Canada, as newly accredited delegations to the CBD. The new participation of these organisations in global biodiversity governance embodies the interdisciplinary work needed to take a whole-of-society approach to respecting planetary boundaries and prioritising the environmental determinants of health. The agenda of the UN CBD recognises and increasingly includes health. Now is the time to mobilise contributions from diverse health experts to inform integrated policy.

Health-Promoting Behaviours following Primary Treatment for Cancer: A Rural-Urban Comparison from a Cross-Sectional Study.

To compare health-promoting behaviours among rural and urban residents following primary treatment for cancer. A cross-sectional survey collecting demographic variables and data pertaining to health-promoting behaviours, documented using the 52-item Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) measure, which is categorised into six subscales: (1) health responsibility, (2) spiritual growth, (3) physical activity, (4) interpersonal relations, (5) nutrition, and (6) stress management. Residence was defined using the U.K. Office for National Statistics RUC 2011 Rural Urban Classifications. The Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) Decile was used to measure deprivation. Quantitative data were analysed using independent samples t-test and multiple linear regression. Qualitative data from open-ended questions were analysed thematically. In total, 227 participants with a range of cancer types completed the questionnaire. Fifty-three percent were residents in urban areas and forty-five percent in rural areas. Rural participants scored significantly higher on health responsibility (p = 0.001), nutrition (p = 0.001), spiritual growth (p = 0.004), and interpersonal relationships (p = 0.001), as well as on the overall HPLP-II (p = 0.001). When controlling for deprivation, age, marital status, and education, rural-urban residence was a significant predictor of exhibiting health-promoting behaviours. A central theme from the qualitative data was the concept of "moving on" from cancer following treatment, by making adjustments to physical, social, psychological, spiritual, and emotional wellbeing. This research revealed, for the first time, differences in health-promoting behaviours among rural and urban U.K. populations who have completed primary cancer treatment. Rural residence can provide a positive environment for engaging with health-promoting behaviours following a cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Dental professionals’ perception of their role in the practice of oral health promotion: a qualitative interview study

ObjectiveTo explore dental professionals’ perceptions of their role in the practice of oral health promotion.Material and methodIn-depth interviews were conducted with three dentists, one specialist dentist and seven dental hygienists. All were employed in the public dental service in Kalmar County, Sweden and had at least 2 years’ work experience. The interview questions addressed the experience and views of dental professionals with reference to their role in the practice of health promotion. The interview data were subjected to qualitative content analysis.ResultsAnalysis revealed two themes which capture the essence of the dental professionals’ perception of their role in the practice of oral health promotion. One theme, having person-focused approach, comprised four categories: ‘considering the patient’s life situation’, ‘establishing a trusting relationship with patients’, ‘strengthening patients’ commitment to oral health’ and ‘health education’. The other theme, perceiving social responsibility for oral health, comprised three categories: ‘dissemination of oral health knowledge’, ‘interprofessional collaboration’ and ‘equality in oral health care’.ConclusionDental professionals perceived promotion of oral health to be an important aspect of their professional role. They aspired to patient participation in the decision-making process and educational activities, as well as practising and evaluating skills development. Although the dental professionals perceived that they undertook health promotion activities, they did not clearly distinguish between oral health promotion and disease prevention. There was intra- and inter-professional agreement among the dentists and dental hygienists with respect to expected outcomes for health promotion activities.

The organisation and responsibility for care for older people in Denmark, Finland and Sweden: outline and comparison of care systems.

To outline the organisation and responsibility for health and social care provided to older people in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. Non-quantifiable data on the care systems were collated from the literature and expert consultations. The responsibilities for primary healthcare, specialised healthcare, prevention and health promotion, rehabilitation, and social care were presented in relation to policy guidance, funding and organisation. In all three countries, the state issues policy and to some extent co-funds the largely decentralised systems; in Denmark and Sweden the regions and municipalities organise the provision of care services - a system that is also about to be implemented in Finland to improve care coordination and make access more equal. Care for older citizens focuses to a large extent on enabling them to live independently in their own homes. Decentralised care systems are challenged by considerable local variations, possibly jeopardising care equity. State-level decision and policy makers need to be aware of these challenges and monitor developments to prevent further health and social care disparities in the ageing population.

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices during COVID-19 Crisis: a Critical Review

Purpose: This article aims to identify CSR activities undertaken by companies during Covid-19 in terms of environmental, social, and economic dimensions as well as the responsibility toward employees and customers, using a “systematic literature review method” in order to outline the perceived challenges in terms of companies’ organizational practices.
 Findings: This study shows that the Covid-19 pandemic has forced a redefinition of the norms of social responsibility and created significant challenges to companies that required difficult decisions to be made regarding the safety of employees, the economic viability of the company, and its dedication to CSR efforts. Materially, the pandemic directs researchers towards different ways of conceptualizing CSR, yet the existing literature on CSR and the Covid-19 pandemic has focused on the social responsibility without taking into account the challenges faced by companies during this transition in terms of companies’ organizational practices.
 Theoretical Implications: This study provides a comprehensive framework of CSR practices in times of the crisis and underlines the changes in companies’ organizational practices in order to implement a sustainable business model not only to tackle this ongoing crisis but also to resist future crises by balancing economic performance and social responsibility.
 Practical Implications: The article reflects the importance of delimitating the major factors that help companies overcome new challenges such as resilience, supply chains, public health and corporate responsibility at a new juncture.
 Originality/Value: The relevance of this study is the discussion of CSR during the Covid-19 pandemic and its Impact on the organizational practices that have been changed and which should exist to ensure future effective CSR practices.
 Research Limitations/Future Research: As in all studies, this research has some limitations. The most important one is that it addresses the topic by referring to a defined literature base. It would be more useful for future comparative research to use other literature bases to assess the robustness of our results. In addition, this paper offers important implications for future empirical researches in order to investigate the impact of each factor highlighted in our study and to explore how CSR can help to address challenges such as public health, supply chains, corporate governance, and corporate responsibility at a new juncture.
 Paper Type: Conceptual
 JEL Classification: M140, I1, D23

A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Self-Medication Among University Students of Lahore, Pakistan

<i>Background</i>: Symptoms or ailments that a person is aware of and chooses to treat on their own are referred to as self-medication. The idea of self-medication has been influenced by awareness of individual responsibility for own health and unnecessary professional care for mild illnesses. Self-medication is common practice around the globe. Gradually, it is becoming a form of self-care. Lot of research has been done in the area and the result revealed that the self-medication is more common among the literate people as compared to the illiterate. Trend is rather prominent among the young population who tend to have more knowledge of drugs and their use, have lower risk perception, therefore are more influenced by self-medication. <i>Objective</i>: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge about self-medication among engineering, arts & humanities students in Lahore during a period of 7 months (December 2018-June 2019).<i> Methodology</i>: A self-administered questionnaire was designed after the extensive review of previous research and was reviewed by an expert panel of professors & lecturers of clinical pharmacy of Punjab University College of pharmacy. Human ethics committee of Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab approved the study protocol. A total sample of 1000 students were calculated by sample size calculator. All statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 23. <i>Results:</i> A total of 1000 questionnaire were received with overall response rate of 63%. In this study, younger age, male, and unmarried students residing in hostels and those who have access to nearby pharmacy tended to self-medicate more than their peers with significant difference. About 43.4% of respondents followed their doctor's advice, while about 37.2% took their own advice or that of friends, family members, or the media. <i>Conclusion</i>: Self-medication misuse or abuse can be dangerous and endanger lives; if practiced impulsively, it may also be a health issue that requires education and attention from Pakistan's health care authorities. Future research is also required to determine how self-medication affects Lahore and Pakistan's non-medical students' health.

Government Support In Implementing Permenkes No. 30 / 2013

ABSTRACT Food is a primary need for humans and is mandatory to fulfill it. Without food, humans cannot survive because food is a source of energy for humans to carry out their daily activities. To maintain our health, we also need to consume healthy foods and avoid foods that can cause various diseases. Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 30 of 2013 concerning the Inclusion of Information on Sugar, Salt, and Fat Content and Health Messages on Processed Foods and Ready-to-Eat Foods. This research is included in qualitative research and is descriptive in nature. This study is an empirical study of laws and policies in Permenkes No. 30 of 2013. The policy for including information on sugar, salt, and fat content as well as health messages for processed food needs to be accompanied by changes to the Guidelines for Inclusion of Information on Nutritional Value on Food Labels. The food industry in Indonesia can carry out a policy of including information on sugar, salt, and fat content as well as health messages for processed food. But to implement it, the food industry offers a public-private partnership model, namely the Public Health Responsibility Deal as has been done in the UK. and the Millan Declaration in Switzerland.

A systems model for the design of occupational health and safety management systems inclusive of work-from-home arrangements

The study addressed an important knowledge gap in the literature by co-designing a model for OHS management systems inclusive of workers who work-from-home, with a focus on psychosocial risks. This qualitative research study utilised a series of co-design focus groups involving Australian regulators, health and safety managers and practitioners, senior managers, middle managers and workers who work-from-home, to better understand the types of measures that organisations can apply to improve their health and safety management systems. Using a systems approach, consideration was given to the organisation of the remote working system, the home-work interface for remote workers, the competencies of managers and employees in regard to their occupation health and safety (OHS) responsibilities, and the complexity of identifying, reporting and monitoring psychosocial hazards for employees working from home. The study identified a need for tools designed to support both managers and workers in promoting psychologically safe working from home.

Citizen Science in News Media: Boundary Mediation of Public Participation in Health Expertise

In this article, I examine how scientific boundary work describes or represents citizen science as credible forms of expertise. Citizen science is an ambiguous concept, and I leverage that ambiguity to examine citizen science as a proxy for nonprofessional or noninstitutional scientific practices more generally. I argue that media representations of citizen science perform boundary work through different articulations of institutional “buy-in” to the legitimacy or credibility of citizen science. Using a discourse analysis of mainstream news media, I trace three framings of citizen science’s relationship to institutional networks, which I describe as subservient to, corrective to, and exceeding the norms of institutional expertise. I find that the perspectives of professional, credentialed scientists dominate public discourse concerning citizen science and perform different adjudications of how citizen science contributes to networks of expertise. By focusing on citizen science concerning human health and medicine, I additionally show how mainstream framings of citizen science engage with overlapping media representations of personal health responsibility and patient empowerment. I suggest that representations of citizen science as a form of “missing expertise” can conflict with portrayals of citizen science as “going too far” in the pursuit of treatments or interventions.

Pregnant in a Pandemic: Health priority, responsibility, and gender in crisis

Pregnant in a Pandemic: Health priority, responsibility, and gender in crisis

A study on the effects of health behavior and sports participation on female college students' body mass index and healthy promoting lifestyle.

Life form and body composition may affect the health of college students. This study will explore the relationship between the demographic variables of female college students and their body composition and health promoting lifestyle, so as to provide useful reference for the future design and planning of college students' physical and mental health courses and improving their physical activity level. Using the method of questionnaire and bioelectrical resistance measurement, a questionnaire on healthy lifestyle of college students was constructed on the basis of consulting a large number of relevant research literature. Relevant survey samples were obtained through random sampling, and their body composition was measured; use SPSS21.0 statistical analysis software to conduct statistical analysis on relevant indicators. (1) at present, female college students generally lack leisure activities and sleep, the proportion of regular fitness habits is low, and the number of snacks and average daily online time are generally too high; The overweight rate and body fat rate of female college students are generally too high, while the standard rate of muscle weight is generally too low. (2) Female college students' health promoting lifestyle has the highest score of self-realization, followed by interpersonal support and the worst behavior of sports participation; The older the college students, the worse their sports participation and overall health promotion behavior; The better the Conscious health status, the better the self-realization, exercise participation and nutritional behavior; The more exercise time per day, the higher their participation in sports and the stronger their health responsibility; The more time spent on the Internet every day, the worse the health responsibility and sports participation. (3) The more time female college students spend on the Internet every day, the higher the probability of overweight. Those with regular exercise habits have a lower proportion of overweight and high body fat rate, while the better their sleep and night snack behavior, the lower their body fat rate. The older college students are, the larger their visceral fat area is, the better their exercise habits and sleep behavior are, the smaller their visceral fat area is, and the lower their visceral fat level is.

Predictors of Oral Health Behaviors among Dental Students.

Background and Objectives: College life is a time when students take more responsibility for health-related behaviors. Aim: To determine the oral health behaviors of dental students, to motivate their transformation into cyanogenic behaviors by applying the planned behavior model, and to determine the degree to which students can modify behavior for oral health. Material and Methods: The results of the initial and final assessment (4 months apart) of the bacterial plaque present by means of the Quigley Hein and API indexes were collected from the student files. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II -HPLP II and Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) questionnaires were used to determine the variables with predictor values that influence the cognitive-perceptual factors. Results: For the "health responsibility" domain, the average total value was 2.53 ± 0.9 (SD). For the "interpersonal relationships" domain, the average value was 2.82 ± 0.79. In the case of the "nutrition" domain, the desire to change the behavior of the participants was moderate (2.53 ± 1.19). "Physical activity" represents an important field in the everyday life of young adults. The results of the study indicated a moderate desire for change (2.52 ± 0.97). In the case of "spiritual growth", in which self-esteem, the way the individual perceives the environment and the adaptation to it were evaluated, a great desire for change was observed (2.74 ± 0.82). Scale GSE questionnaire showed an α coefficient of 28.52 ± 0.82, a value that indicated a moderate to a high level of efficacy and self-confidence. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that students have a moderate tendency to change in all areas, except for interpersonal relationships, where the desire to change something is increased. The participants have a moderate to a high level of self-efficacy and self-confidence.

Representatives of generation 'Z' as future doctors - results of research among final year students at medical universities in Poland.

The nature of the work of doctors is inseparable from responsibility for human health and life, exposure to many risk factors related to physical, chemical, biological and psychosocial risks, as well as the specificity of the organization of the health care system in Poland. This prompted the authors to ask future doctors, currently students of the penultimate and the final year of medical studies, questions about what is important to them in their future profession and how studies at the medical universities met these needs. Identification of skills important for future doctors to perform their profession was conducted in the third quarter of 2020 in the form of an online diagnostic survey on a sample of 442 fifth- and sixth-year medicine students at medical universities in Poland. The study shows that most students graduating in medicine are satisfied with their choice and intend to work in the profession they have learned. In this study, the responders, on average, felt well prepared theoretically for their future profession, whereas when indicating their practical preparedness, it was much lower. One of the most important skills indicated by students participating in this study was communication with patients. Overall, the quality of medical studies in Poland is rated very high by the students. Nevertheless, there is a lack of or insufficient time spent on teaching and helping future doctors develop soft skills; therefore, more focus should be placed on this aspect of studies.

Why do students enrol in archaeology at Australian universities? Understanding pre-enrolment experiences, motivations, and career expectations

This study presents the first data on a level one archaeology student cohort, exploring their demographic composition and motivations for enrolling, as well as external stressors such as health and caring responsibilities that may influence student study goals, retention, and needs. A survey of 107 students enrolled in introductory level archaeology units at 13 Australian universities was undertaken in Semester 1, 2021. The results show a diverse cohort by age, gender, and educational background. Consistent with the professional Australian archaeological community, there is little diversity in the ethnicity of enrolled students. Further, many respondents reported having caring responsibilities, and both physical and mental health concerns. Students were motivated to enrol both for general interest and future career pathways; however, there was a poor understanding within the cohort of Australian archaeological job opportunities. These results indicate that there is clearly much to be done in public archaeological engagement and outreach in Australia. What is required of the Australian archaeological community is a concerted effort to improve how the discipline is taught and learned across all levels of education, and a collaborative approach to designing teaching methods suitable for our modern student cohort.

Healthy lifestyle behaviors and risk of cardiovascular diseases among nursing faculty during COVID-19 Pandemic.

Cardiovascular diseases are the first ranked cause of death worldwide. Adhering to health promoting lifestyle behaviors will maintain an individual's cardiovascular health and decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this descriptive study, 150 nursing faculty were surveyed via a non-probability (purposive) sampling method to assess their adherence to health promoting lifestyle in order to know the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The Arabic version of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) was used to achieve this goal. Seventy-two nursing faculty completed the survey. The results indicated that the study sample had moderate level of health promotion based on Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. Nursing faculty are at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases based on their health promoting lifestyle behaviors as they scored low level of "health responsibility", "physical activity", and "stress management ". Encouraging healthy behaviors is recommended to prevent chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases.

Lifestyle in People Living With HIV: A Study of Patients in Kermanshah, Iran.

There is limited research on the role of lifestyle in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study investigated the health-promoting lifestyle among PLWH in Kermanshah-Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 321 PLWH patients referred to the Kermanshah Behavioral Diseases counseling Center between 2017 and 2018. Patients were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data was collected using a standard health promotion lifestyle profile (HPLP-II) questionnaire. Regression and T-tests were used in SPSS 21 and Stata software to analyze the data. The mean age of patients was 41.07 ± 9.14 years. The mean HPLP score of patients in stress management had the lowest mean score (19.44 ± 4.22), and health responsibility had the highest mean score (22.22 ± 4.57). Comparisons between women and men also showed that women had a lower mean score than men in stress management. In addition, significant differences in their HPLP were observed only in the area of physical activity. The final model had significant influence on the PLWH (P < .001), in which the main predictors were housing status, family members, and feelings of happiness. These variables had a negative effect on HPLP in PLWH's. An appropriate education and training has improved the PLWH health-oriented lifestyle. Given that the housing situation affected health responsibility, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relationships, and stress management, may have caused severe anxiety and confusion in PLWH. Addiction also had a negative effect on patients' spiritual growth. Relatively simple lifestyle changes such as nutrition and stress management can significantly improve PLWH.

Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família: análise a partir dos conceitos fundamentais e atributos do trabalho em equipe

Abstract Primary Care work is based on sharing and meeting various knowledge to achieve comprehensiveness. In this rationale, the Extended Family Health and Primary Care Center (NASF-AB) acts as a strategy for teamwork. We aimed to investigate the NASF-AB work process from the fundamental teamwork concepts and attributes. This evaluative, qualitative study was developed from 2018 to 2020, observing the NASF-AB and family health teamwork process, and focus groups with 43 professionals from both teams. Our analysis considered NASF-AB theoretical, methodological, and operational concepts. The results refer to a work attentive to the particularities of the territory aligned with health responsibility, besides recognizing NASF-AB support in clients’ autonomy by establishing a bond.

Expanded Family Health Center: an analysis based on fundamental teamwork concepts and attributes.

Primary Care work is based on sharing and meeting various knowledge to achieve comprehensiveness. In this rationale, the Extended Family Health and Primary Care Center (NASF-AB) acts as a strategy for teamwork. We aimed to investigate the NASF-AB work process from the fundamental teamwork concepts and attributes. This evaluative, qualitative study was developed from 2018 to 2020, observing the NASF-AB and family health teamwork process, and focus groups with 43 professionals from both teams. Our analysis considered NASF-AB theoretical, methodological, and operational concepts. The results refer to a work attentive to the particularities of the territory aligned with health responsibility, besides recognizing NASF-AB support in clients' autonomy by establishing a bond.

Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Short-Form Adolescent Health Promotion scale: Methodological study.

Assessing health promotion among adolescents is vital to identify healthy and unhealthy behaviors and to evaluate health promotion interventions. This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Short-Form Adolescent Health Promotion scale. Three hundred and twenty-sevenadolescents were recruited through a multistage sampling method in this methodological study. The original version of the Adolescent Health Promotion scale was translated from English to Persian using the Backward-Forward translation protocol. Then, the scale's validity and reliability,including the face, content, construct validity, and reliability indices,were evaluated. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24. The mean CVI and CVR were 0.99. The exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors covering 42.57% of the total variance. The factor loading order of the items did not exactly correspond to the order obtained in the English version of the scale's validity and reliability analysis. The obtained factors called included:life appreciation, stress management, nutrition, and health responsibility. In the current study, both Cronbach's ɑ and the intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated at 0.84 and 0.99. The Persian version of the Adolescent Health Promotion scale developed in the present study is acceptable for the validity of the content, face, and reliability. However, the construct validity of this scale should be checked in other samples.

Exploration of the midwifery students' health-promoting lifestyle behaviors according to their body mass indexes and body perceptions

The present study aims to examine the health-promoting lifestyle behaviors of midwifery students according to their body mass indexes and body perceptions. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 239 midwifery students at a state university between May and June 2023. Research data were collected using the personal information form, Body Cathexis-Self Cathexis Scale (BC-SCS), and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP). It was determined that the differences between the HPLP and the subscales of interpersonal support, nutrition, and self-actualization were statistically significant according to the students' body perceptions (p&lt;0.05). Students who perceived themselves as slim have higher HPLP and self-actualization mean scores than those who perceived themselves as fat, and it was determined that they have a higher nutrition mean score than those who perceived them as having normal weight. It was determined that the Interpersonal Support mean score of those who perceived themselves as fat was lower. When the mean scores of the students from the HPLP were compared according to their BMI, it was determined that the differences between HPLP and the subscales of interpersonal support, health responsibility, stress management, and self-actualization are statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). According to the research, it is seen that the distribution of healthy lifestyles differs between the body perceptions of midwifery students and their Body Mass Indexes (BMI).