Resource-oriented Architecture Research Articles

Information Sharing Framework using Resource Oriented Architecture (REST) to Manage Quality of Service: A Comprehensive Review and Evaluation

Information Sharing Framework using Resource Oriented Architecture (REST) to Manage Quality of Service: A Comprehensive Review and Evaluation

A Framework for Rapid Robotic Application Development for Citizen Developers

It is common knowledge among computer scientists and software engineers that ”building robotics systems is hard”: it includes applied and specialized knowledge from various scientific fields, such as mechanical, electrical and computer engineering, computer science and physics, among others. To expedite the development of robots, a significant number of robotics-oriented middleware solutions and frameworks exist that provide high-level functionality for the implementation of the in-robot software stack, such as ready-to-use algorithms and sensor/actuator drivers. While the aforementioned focus is on the implementation of the core functionalities and control layer of robots, these specialized tools still require extensive training, while not providing the envisaged freedom in design choices. In this paper, we discuss most of the robotics software development methodologies and frameworks, analyze the way robotics applications are built and propose a new resource-oriented architecture towards the rapid development of robot-agnostic applications. The contribution of our work is a methodology and a model-based middleware that can be used to provide remote robot-agnostic interfaces. Such interfaces may support robotics application development from citizen developers by reducing hand-coding and technical knowledge requirements. This way, non-robotics experts will be able to integrate and use robotics in a wide range of application domains, such as healthcare, home assistance, home automation and cyber–physical systems in general.

Agent-based management of support systems for distributed brainstorming

In this paper, we describe the design and the management of an agent-based system that supports distributed brainstorming activities. The support system is a highly coordinated IoT application composed of many locally installed interface devices, multimedia communication functions, and cloud functions that process application logic and store meeting data. The system is designed to support a variety of brainstorming sessions, so its functionalities must be modifiable and enable the system to be adapted to different environments and user requirements without any loss of performance. System accessibility should be also ensured from any location for any user. These constraints require a flexible and usable support system.We further discuss the aspects of flexibility and usability that are important in a support system for distributed brainstorming, from which we propose a conceptual schema for flexible and usable support systems. To realize this schema, we present a resource-oriented architecture that can modify the brainstorming support system’s structure and functions. Flexibility is achieved thanks to an agent-based system that manages resources and operates on them according to users’ requests.We also describe the system architecture, which is organized around a set of channels dedicated to different services proposed to the users. We present in detail a video channel that ensures user awareness during synchronized activities. We then conduct several experiments verifying the usability of important channels in the architecture and present the results of these experiments.Finally, we discuss experimental scenarios that show how the system owes its adaptability to management based on an agent organization that supports distributed brainstorming and other activities.

Elimination of network intrusions via a resource oriented BDI architecture

Abstract We propose a resource-oriented architecture of a rational agent for a network intrusion detection system. This architecture describes the behavior of a rational agent after detection of unwanted network activities. We describe the creation of countermeasures to ward off detected threats. Examples are created based on the proposed architecture, describing the process during a rational agent detection. We have described these examples by linear BDI logic behavioral formulæ, that have been proven by Gentzen sequent calculus.

Resource-oriented architecture toward efficient device management for the Internet of Things

The Internet-of-Things concept has evolved from providing network connectivity for devices in our physical world to composing complex tasks with the representations of these things in service mashups. Since most of these devices (e.g. wireless sensors, tagged objects) are resource-constrained, it is easy to realize that such objects provide basic services individually and thus, motivates the need to aggregate such services for complex tasks. However, the existence of fragmentation in protocols and standards for device management and service enablement has been a challenge for the domain. In this work, we propose a resource-oriented device management and service enablement architecture that addresses this problem. We also present a smart home application scenario to demonstrate the performance and feasibility of our approach.

SOM4R: a Middleware for Robotic Applications Based on the Resource-Oriented Architecture

This paper relies on the resource-oriented architecture (ROA) to propose a middleware that shares resources (sensors, actuators and services) of one or more robots through the TCP/IP network, providing greater efficiency in the development of software applications for robotics. The proposed middleware consists of a set of web services that provides access to representational state of resources through simple and high-level interfaces to implement a software architecture for autonomous robots. The benefits of the proposed approach are manifold: i) full abstraction of complexity and heterogeneity of robotic devices through web services and uniform interfaces, ii) scalability and independence of the operating system and programming language, iii) secure control of resources for local or remote applications through the TCP/IP network, iv) the adoption of the Resource Description Framework (RDF), XML language and HTTP protocol, and v) dynamic configuration of the connections between services at runtime. The middleware was developed using the Linux operating system (Ubuntu), with some applications built as proofs of concept for the Android operating system. The architecture specification and the open source implementation of the proposed middleware are detailed in this article, as well as applications for robot remote control via wireless networks, voice command functionality, and obstacle detection and avoidance.

A Resource Oriented Framework for Service Choreography over Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks

Current Internet of Things (IoT) development requires service distribution over Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSAN) to deal with the drastic increasing of network management complexity. Because of the specific constraints of WSAN, some limitations can be observed in centralized approaches. Multi-hop communication used by WSAN introduces transmission latency, packet errors, router congestion and security issues. As it uses local services, a model of decentralized services avoids long path communications between nodes and applications. But the two main issues are then to design (1) the composition of such services and to map (2) them over the WSAN. This contribution proposes a model for decentralized services based on Resource Oriented Architecture in which their communications are designed thanks to an adaptation of Petri Network (1). In addition, the problem of decentralized service mapping and its deployment over a WSAN is successfully resumed by a Pseudo-Boolean Optimization in order to minimize network communication load (2). These contributions are presented using a proposed EMMA middleware as unifying thread.

A RESTful interface to pseudonymization services in modern web applications.

BackgroundMedical research networks rely on record linkage and pseudonymization to determine which records from different sources relate to the same patient. To establish informational separation of powers, the required identifying data are redirected to a trusted third party that has, in turn, no access to medical data. This pseudonymization service receives identifying data, compares them with a list of already reported patient records and replies with a (new or existing) pseudonym. We found existing solutions to be technically outdated, complex to implement or not suitable for internet-based research infrastructures. In this article, we propose a new RESTful pseudonymization interface tailored for use in web applications accessed by modern web browsers.MethodsThe interface is modelled as a resource-oriented architecture, which is based on the representational state transfer (REST) architectural style. We translated typical use-cases into resources to be manipulated with well-known HTTP verbs. Patients can be re-identified in real-time by authorized users’ web browsers using temporary identifiers. We encourage the use of PID strings for pseudonyms and the EpiLink algorithm for record linkage. As a proof of concept, we developed a Java Servlet as reference implementation.ResultsThe following resources have been identified: Sessions allow data associated with a client to be stored beyond a single request while still maintaining statelessness. Tokens authorize for a specified action and thus allow the delegation of authentication. Patients are identified by one or more pseudonyms and carry identifying fields. Relying on HTTP calls alone, the interface is firewall-friendly. The reference implementation has proven to be production stable.ConclusionThe RESTful pseudonymization interface fits the requirements of web-based scenarios and allows building applications that make pseudonymization transparent to the user using ordinary web technology. The open-source reference implementation implements the web interface as well as a scientifically grounded algorithm to generate non-speaking pseudonyms.

RESTful M2M Gateway for Remote Wireless Monitoring for District Central Heating Networks

In recent years, the increased interest in energy conservation and environmental protection, combined with the development of modern communication and computer technology, has resulted in the replacement of distributed heating by central heating in urban areas. This paper proposes a Representational State Transfer (REST) Machine-to-Machine (M2M) gateway for wireless remote monitoring for a district central heating network. In particular, we focus on the resource-oriented RESTful M2M gateway architecture, and present an uniform devices abstraction approach based on Open Service Gateway Initiative (OSGi) technology, and implement the resource mapping mechanism between resource address mapping mechanism between RESTful resources and the physical sensor devices, and present the buffer queue combined with polling method to implement the data scheduling and Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee, and also give the RESTful M2M gateway open service Application Programming Interface (API) set. The performance has been measured and analyzed. Finally, the conclusions and future work are presented.

Extracting REST resource models from procedure-oriented service interfaces

During the past decade a number of procedure-oriented protocols and standards have emerged for making service-offering systems available on the Web. The WS-* stack of protocols is the most prevalent example. However, this procedure and message-oriented approach has not aligned with the true potential of the Web's own architectural principles, such as the uniform identification and manipulation of resources, caching, hypermedia, and layering. In this respect, Resource Oriented Architectures based on the REST architectural style, have been proposed as a possible alternative to the operation-based view of service offerings. To date, compiling a REST API for back-end procedure-oriented services is considered as a manual process that requires as input specialized models, such as, service requirements and behavioral models. In this paper, we propose a resource extraction method in which service descriptions are analyzed, using natural language processing techniques and graph transformations, in order to yield a collection of hierarchically organized elements forming REST resources that semantically correspond to the functionality offered by the service. The proposed approach has been applied as a proof of concept with positive results, for the extraction of resource models from a sizable number of procedure-oriented Web Service interfaces that have been obtained from an open service directory.

A lightweight Web of Things Open Platform to facilitate context data management and personalized healthcare services creation.

In the last few years, many health monitoring systems have been designed to fullfil the needs of a large range of scenarios. Although many of those systems provide good ad hoc solutions, most of them lack of mechanisms that allow them to be easily reused. This paper is focused on describing an open platform, the micro Web of Things Open Platform (µWoTOP), which has been conceived to improve the connectivity and reusability of context data to deliver different kinds of health, wellness and ambient home care services. µWoTOP is based on a resource-oriented architecture which may be embedded in mobile and resource constrained devices enabling access to biometric, ambient or activity sensors and actuator resources through uniform interfaces defined according to a RESTful fashion. Additionally, µWoTOP manages two communication modes which allow delivering user context information according to different methods, depending on the requirements of the consumer application. It also generates alert messages based on standards related to health care and risk management, such as the Common Alerting Protocol, in order to make its outputs compatible with existing systems.

M2M Communication in Virtual Sensor Network for SHAAL

Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication has led to a new paradigm of Internet of Things (IoT). The future of M2M communication in smart home lies in the aggregation and allocation of resources and service provisioning of diverse applications using different radio technologies. M2M communication may operate on the virtual sensor network to provide independent applications running on heterogeneous network simultaneously. M2M is going to play a major role in the area of Smart Home and Ambient Assisted Living (SHAAL) providing assistance to the elderly people with smart sensors that monitor the home environment and provides aid health monitoring to human requiring medical assistance. The current state of the art frameworks are dedicated to specific applications with the support of single radio network with limited service provisioning options. However, in order to fully exploit the resources in this paper we present a service provisioning framework realization of M2M in virtual sensor network for SHAAL, which allows independent parties to work together in a secure and reliable manner. In addition to this, the framework is designed to include benefits of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Resource Oriented Architecture (ROA) along with the use of different low power, low data rate protocols. A middleware is used as a platform to link the underlying virtual networks with various applications. The network virtualization approach is adopted to design an efficient middleware framework that can effectively discover and manage the underlying network resources and provide services at home gateway. The framework will be used as the basis for the development of the SHAAL networked system.

A Resource-Oriented Architecture Design for HSE System

With the developing of HSE (Health, Safety, and Environment) business in China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), the HSE system built in 2009 has not meet the management and integration demands escalated recently. The bottleneck lies in the architecture adopting a business-oriented way that resource management has to be coupled with application management, which makes business upgrading difficult. This paper proposed a design of resource-oriented architecture to tackle the issues confronted. The proposed architecture design views resource management as an independent task instead of coupling with application development and management, and will make it easier to achieve scalable resource utilization and application management.

Resource-Oriented Architecture Patterns for Webs of Data

The surge of interest in the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) architectural style, the Semantic Web, and Linked Data has resulted in the development of innovative, flexible, and powerful systems that embrace one or more of these compatible technologies. However, most developers, architects, Information Technology managers, and platform owners have only been exposed to the basics of resource-oriented architectures. This is an attempt to catalog and elucidate several reusable solutions that have been seen in the wild in the now increasingly familiar patterns book style. These are not turn key implementations, but rather, useful strategies for solving certain problems in the development of modern, resource-oriented systems, both on the public Web and within an organization's firewalls. Table of Contents: List of Figures / Informational Patterns / Applicative Patterns / Procedural Patterns

Analysis and Design of Semantic Web Services Using MDA and SBC Structure

The software analysis and design could be executed by Object Oriented architecture, but it might be unsuitable for Web Services due to their interoperability and transmission. Oppositely, the Service-Oriented and Resource-Oriented Architectures should allow of them. The software builds up a bridge between two Internet services or resources. This study has proposed what software analysis and design of Web Services can adopt the Structure-Behavior Coalescence Diagram and UML-like state and class diagrams as domain description language with Model-Driven Architecture development cycle. The case study of Plurk social website is successfully tested and verified.

Model-Driven Methodology for Rapid Deployment of Smart Spaces Based on Resource-Oriented Architectures

Advances in electronics nowadays facilitate the design of smart spaces based on physical mash-ups of sensor and actuator devices. At the same time, software paradigms such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Web of Things (WoT) are motivating the creation of technology to support the development and deployment of web-enabled embedded sensor and actuator devices with two major objectives: (i) to integrate sensing and actuating functionalities into everyday objects, and (ii) to easily allow a diversity of devices to plug into the Internet. Currently, developers who are applying this Internet-oriented approach need to have solid understanding about specific platforms and web technologies. In order to alleviate this development process, this research proposes a Resource-Oriented and Ontology-Driven Development (ROOD) methodology based on the Model Driven Architecture (MDA). This methodology aims at enabling the development of smart spaces through a set of modeling tools and semantic technologies that support the definition of the smart space and the automatic generation of code at hardware level. ROOD feasibility is demonstrated by building an adaptive health monitoring service for a Smart Gym.

Developing Distributed System with Service Resource Oriented Architecture

Service oriented architecture (SOA) is a design paradigm in software engineering for an enterprise sca le which built in a distributed system environment . This paradigm aims at abstracting of application functionality as a service through a protocol in web service technology, namely simple object access protocol (SOAP). However, SOA P have static characteristic and oriented by the service methode, so have restrictiveness on creating and accessing for big numbers of service. For this reason, this reasearch aims at combining SOA with resource oriented architecture (ROA) that is oriented by the service resource use representational state transfer (REST) protocol in order to expand scalability of service. This combination is namely service resource oriented architecture (SROA). SROA can optimize distributi ng of ap p lications and integrati ng of services where is implemented to develop the project management software. To realize this model, th e software is developed according with framework of Agile model driven development (AMDD) to reduce complexities o n the whole stage process ing of software development.

Developing Distributed System With Service Resource Oriented Architecture

Developing Distributed System With Service Resource Oriented Architecture

Design patterns for BIM-based service-oriented architectures

Today Integrated Project Delivery together with Building Information Modeling is being realized as a process of managing a project over a single shared information backbone. In the near future, Building Information Models (BIMs) will be used as unique resources for enabling seamless data level interoperability, which will greatly facilitate the processes in the Building Life Cycle. In this context, enabling the collaborative use of BIMs is becoming essential and is much required by the industry for addressing the issues associated with the poor efficiencies in Information Systems (IS) and productivity. On the other hand, in the new IS architectures, service and resource orientation are becoming widely used, in terms of supporting collaboration over distributed environments. This paper introduces three design patterns which will help in facilitating BIM-based information sharing over the web, and web-based collaborative use of the BIMs. The patterns were developed to formalize the approaches in interacting with the shared BIMs over the web. The first pattern – BIM AJAX – explains how AJAX techniques can be used for supporting information retrieval from BIMs. The second pattern – BIM SOAP Façade – provides a standard coarse-grained interface to reach multiple BIMs over the web. The third pattern – RESTful BIM – elaborates on how BIM-based systems can benefit from the REST (Resource Oriented) Architectures. The paper starts with providing an overview on Building Information Models focusing on their characteristics and functions. Following this, the conventional approaches for exchanging and sharing BIMs are presented. The third section elaborates on IS Integration, AJAX and Web Services. Finally, three design patterns that have been developed are presented and discussed in detail. ► Patterns for BIM based service oriented architectures are presented. ► BIM AJAX explains how AJAX can be used for supporting information retrieval. ► BIM SOAP Façade provides a standard interface to reach multiple BIMs. ► RESTful BIM elaborates on how BIM-based systems benefit from the REST.

Developing Distributed System With Service Resource Oriented Architecture

Service oriented architecture (SOA) is a design paradigm in software engineering for an enterprise scale which built in a distributed system environment. This paradigm aims at abstracting of application functionality as a service through a protocol in web service technology, namely simple object access protocol (SOAP). However, SOAP have static characteristic and oriented by the service methode, so have restrictiveness on creating and accessing for big numbers of service. For this reason, this reasearch aims at combining SOA with resource oriented architecture (ROA) that is oriented by the service resource use representational state transfer (REST) protocol in order to expand scalability of service. This combination is namely service resource oriented architecture (SROA). SROA can optimize distributing of applications and integrating of services where is implemented to develop the project management software. To realize this model, the software is developed according with framework of Agile model driven development (AMDD) to reduce complexities on the whole stage processing of software development.