Resilience Traits Research Articles

Diurnal variation of heart rate variability as a physiological index of mood and emotion regulation processes in Major Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder

BackgroundHeart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic nervous system activity, has been studied in a number of psychiatric disorders during the resting state but evidence on its circadian patterns in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is scarce. We sought to identify and differentiate HRV circadian patterns in MDD, BPD and healthy controls (HC) while exploring potential physiological mechanisms associated with mood and emotion dysregulation. Methods24-Hour electrocardiographic recordings were obtained from fifty subjects (16 HC, 18 BPD, 16 MDD). HRV was calculated during sleep and wake periods. Associations with mood and affect measures, and with cognitive emotion regulation strategies and self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation (DERS) were examined. Participant’s resilience traits were explored in relation to mood and emotion regulation variables. ResultsLower diurnal measures of HRV (i.e, RMSSD and HF) were observed in MDD subjects compared to HCs. Decreased HF was observed during wake vs. sleep in MDD patients. HAM-D and negative affect scores negatively correlated with HRV in MDD and BPD respectively. MDD and BPD exhibited a positive relationship between the implementation of emotion regulation strategies and HRV compared to HC. Increased resilience was associated with lower HAM-D and DERS scores in BPD and HC. ConclusionHRV alterations characterized by low diurnal cardiac parasympathetic control constitute a potential trait biomarker of major depression and psychiatric vulnerability to depressive episodes in BPD. HRV anomalies in MDD may persist during clinical remission. Diurnal HRV may represent a psychophysiological index of mood and emotion regulation.

Genomic Analysis of IgG Antibody Response to Common Pathogens in Commercial Sows in Health-Challenged Herds.

Losses due to infectious diseases are one of the main factors affecting productivity in the swine industry, motivating the investigation of disease resilience-related traits for genetic selection. However, these traits are not expected to be expressed in the nucleus herds, where selection is performed. One alternative is to use information from the commercial level to identify and select nucleus animals genetically superior for coping with pathogen challenges. In this study, we analyzed the genetic basis of antibody (Ab) response to common infectious pathogens in health-challenged commercial swine herds as potential indicator traits for disease resilience, including Ab response to influenza A virus of swine (IAV), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH), porcine circovirus (PCV2), and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP; different serotypes). Ab response was measured in blood at entry into gilt rearing, post-acclimation (∼40 days after entering the commercial herd), and parities 1 and 2. Heritability estimates for Ab response to IAV, MH, and PCV2 ranged from 0 to 0.76. Ab response to APP ranged from 0 to 0.40. The genetic correlation (rG) of Ab response to IAV with MH, PCV2, PRRSV, and APPmean (average Ab responses for all serotypes of APP) were positive (>0.29) at entry. APPmean was negatively correlated with PCV2 and MH at entry and parity 2 but positively correlated with MH at post-acclimation and parity 1. Genomic regions associated with Ab response to different APP serotypes were identified on 13 chromosomes. The region on chromosome 14 (2 Mb) was associated with several serotypes of APP, explaining up to 4.3% of the genetic variance of Ab to APP7 at entry. In general, genomic prediction accuracies for Ab response were low to moderate, except average Ab response to all infectious pathogens evaluated. These results suggest that genetic selection of Ab response in commercial sows is possible, but with variable success depending on the trait and the time-point of collection. Future work is needed to determine genetic correlations of Ab response with disease resilience, reproductive performance, and other production traits.

Breeding strategies for animal resilience to weather variation in meat sheep

BackgroundThe alteration in weather patterns expected due to climate change will affect farm animal performance, probably resulting in lower quantity and quality of available products. A potential mitigation strategy would be to breed selected animals for enhanced resilience to climate change. In this context, resilience would reflect stable animal performance in spite of weather variation. The objectives of this study were to (i) derive and characterise novel animal resilience phenotypes, (ii) investigate their genetic profiles and (iii) assess the impact of integrating them in breeding strategies for genetic improvement in meat sheep.ResultsRandom regression models were used to jointly analyse live body weight measured in different time points throughout the growth phases of 4469 Scottish Blackface sheep and weather variables during the same period to derive novel resilience phenotypes. The genetic analysis of these phenotypes revealed significant genetic variance and heritability, and an antagonistic genetic correlation with some animal performance traits. Simulated breeding strategies demonstrated that a relative emphasis of 10% on resilience compared to other traits would enhance performance stability against weather volatility without compromising animal growth.ConclusionsNovel resilience traits exhibited sufficient genetic variation to be amenable to genetic improvement with selective breeding and are recommended to be included in future breeding goals.

Resiliency, Self‐Regulation, and Reemployment After Job Loss

This study investigated self‐regulation and resiliency in one's search for reemployment. Although trait‐based approaches are central to many resiliency conceptualizations, recent research has found that self‐regulation (affective, behavioral, and cognitive) contributes to predicting resiliency‐related outcomes. We hypothesized that self‐regulation would incrementally predict reemployment process outcomes, specifically the job search outcomes of psychological well‐being, job search self‐efficacy, and job search clarity. Results indicated that, over and above resiliency traits, behavioral and cognitive self‐regulation incrementally predicted well‐being and job search clarity, and cognitive self‐regulation incrementally predicted job search self‐efficacy. Implications for theory and continued research on resiliency in reemployment are discussed.

Genetic and genomic resources for improving proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.): a potential crop for food and nutritional security

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a food crop domesticated around 10,000 years ago, that has been prevalent throughout ancient civilization. However, use of millets in the diets has drastically been reduced owing to the addition of cereals such as rice and wheat. At present, proso millet is being cultivated and consumed by a marginal population. Irrespective of the lack of popularity, the crop is well known for its climate resilience traits as well as nutritional properties. Noteworthy, the crop is low on glycemic index, gluten-free, possesses good quality protein, vitamins, minerals, and other nutraceutical properties. Being a C4 panicoid species, proso millet possesses better water-use and nitrogen-use efficiency, thus promising this as an ideal crop for cultivation in the scenario of global climate change. The extent of food insecurity among the ever-growing population, as well as the prevalence of malnutrition and undernutrition among the children, reinstate the requirement of a nutritious diet that millets and other traditionally important crops can address. Given this, the present review enumerates the progress made in genetics, genomics, and other omics of proso millet that would pave way for improvement using biotechnological as well as breeding interventions. Further, this review elaborates a roadmap for improving this crop in the mainstream cropping system.

Genetic analysis of disease resilience in wean-to-finish pigs from a natural disease challenge model.

The objective was to estimate the genetic parameters of performance and resilience of growing pigs under disease. Data were from 3,139 Yorkshire × Landrace wean-to-finish pigs that were exposed to a natural polymicrobial disease challenge that was established by entering naturally infected animals into a nursery barn, targeting various viral and bacterial diseases. The challenge was maintained by entering batches of 60 or 75 healthy nursery pigs every 3 wk in a continuous flow system. Traits analyzed included average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI) and duration (ADFD); feed conversion ratio (FCR); residual feed intake (RFI); mortality (MOR); number of health treatments (TRT); health scores (HScore); carcass weight (CWT), back fat (CBF) and loin depth (CLD); dressing percentage (DRS); lean yield (LYLD); day-to-day variation in feed intake and duration (VARFI and VARDUR); and the proportion of off-feed days (OFFFI and OFFDUR). Analyses were performed by mixed linear models with genomic relationships. The resilience traits, such as TRT, MOR, and HScore, were lowly heritable (up to 0.15) but had high genetic correlations with each other. Performance traits, such as ADG, ADFI, ADFD, FCR, RFI, and carcass traits, were moderate to highly heritable (0.17 to 0.49). Heritabilities of resilience indicator traits such as OFF and VAR had low to moderate heritabilities (0.08 to 0.23) but were higher when based on duration vs. amount. ADFI had a low genetic correlation with ADFD (0.13). ADG in the challenge nursery had stronger negative genetic correlations with both TRT and MOR than ADG in the finisher (-0.37 to -0.74 vs. -0.15 to -0.56). ADFI and FCR had moderate negative (-0.21 to -0.39) and positive (0.34 to 0.49) genetic correlations, respectively, with TRT and MOR. ADFD and RFI had very low genetic correlations with TRT and MOR. CWT and DRS were moderately negatively correlated with TRT and MOR (-0.33 to -0.59). Resilience indicator traits based on feed intake or duration had moderate to high positive genetic correlations with TRT (0.18 to 0.81) and MOR (0.33 to 0.87). In conclusion, performance and resilience traits under a polymicrobial disease challenge are heritable and can be changed by selection. Phenotypes extracted from feed intake patterns can be used as genetic indicator traits for disease resilience. Most promising is day-to-day variation in intake duration, which had a sizeable heritability (0.23) and favorable genetic correlations with MOR (0.79) and treatment rate (0.20).

Bio-Psychologically Based Resilience Traits in a Group of Healthy Undergraduate Students: The Role of NRG1 Gene

The genetic predisposition for the psychological resilience has an essential role in the phenotype of adaptive and successful behavior, but the functional repertoire of bio-psychological bases for the adaptive personality growth is until uncompleted. Besides do paminergic and serotoninergic system-related genes is required to reveal a new genetic target for understanding the potential biological mechanism of resilience.

Student Resilience and COVID-19

This paper analyzes the impact of the coronavirus pandemic of 2020 on graduate students’ resilience. Thirty first-year graduate students in a rigorous program of study in a health sciences field in the United States were interviewed for the study. The researcher focused on three questions related to specific areas: 1) What have you learned about yourself? (self-knowledge/learning); 2) What challenges have you faced and how did you deal with them? (challenges); and 3) Have there been any “blessings in disguise”? (positive outcomes). Responses to the three questions were coded, categorized and predominant themes emerged. Major themes included time management, social interaction, physical/mental well-being, and adaptability. The findings suggest that students exhibit traits of resilience. These findings have implications for teaching and clinical faculty as well as higher education administration.

The challenge of change: Resilience traits in Women's Dermatological Society Forum participants by generation.

BackgroundPhysician burnout is a common problem that can have negative ramifications for both physicians and patients. Lack of effective coping mechanisms decreases resilience, which can lead to burnout, and women may be particularly vulnerable.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate resilience by generation among professionals in dermatology. We hope to gain a better understanding of the plasticity of resilience traits to identify modifiable resilience components.MethodsAttendees of the 2020 Women’s Dermatological Society Forum were asked to complete an 80-item questionnaire evaluating eight characteristics of resilience. Each participant received scores electronically, and attendees were invited to anonymously submit scores, job category (physician or industry), and birth year and/or generation category. Participants who provided scores and were part of the millennial generation (born 1980–1994; ages 26–40 years at the time of survey completion), Generation X (born 1965–1979; ages 41–55 years), or baby boomer generation (born 1944–1964; ages 56–76 years) were included.ResultsOf the 67 participants meeting the inclusion criteria, 96.7% were women and 3.3% were men, 69.4% were physicians and 30.6% were industry representatives. Millennials accounted for 43.3%, Generation X for 35.8%, and baby boomers for 20.9% of the study participants. There was a significant difference among the three generations for mean scores on rumination (p = .0071) and flexibility (p = .0005), with scores becoming more ideal for older generations. There was no significant difference among generations for other resilience or burnout indicators, including emotional inhibition, toxic achieving, avoidance coping, perfect control, detached coping, and sensitivity.ConclusionResilience traits such as rumination and flexibility differed by generation, with the most favorable scores occurring in the oldest cohort, suggesting that some resilience traits may be malleable and improve with age or be inherently affected by environment during development. Health care professionals may benefit from engaging in activities that enhance malleable resilience traits and improve the ability to manage work-related stressors.

Patterns of ant activity and nesting ecology depend on flooding intensity in a Neotropical floodplain

Disturbance shapes ecological communities. Frequency, predictability, and intensity characterize disturbances, which select for resistant and/or resilient traits of species. Unpredictable and infrequent disturbance events, especially those with no reliable cues, lack selection strength and have less calculable effects on species assemblages and trait-based species sorting. In a flood plain in Northeast Costa Rica, across sites with varying flood frequency and no reliable cues to signal flooding, we used ants as a focal taxon to assess the impact of disturbance on ant activity and species assemblage. We examined activity patterns such as extent of occupancy of baits and nesting guild (i.e. strata used) that might mediate the effects of stochastic flood events. We hypothesized that the ant community in the most frequently flooded site would be dominated by above-ground nesting ants whose nesting traits make them resilient to inundation. The site with the most frequent flooding had the lowest level of ant presence on baits and differed in species assemblage, as demonstrated by the analysis of similarity, compared with the sites with lower flooding frequency. Neither overall species richness nor richness of species in the above-ground nesting guild differed between sites. However, nesting in trees above flood waters may be beneficial to escape frequent and unreliable flooding of habitats, and, as we hypothesized, there was greater activity of above-ground nesting ants compared with ground nesting ants in the most frequently flooded site. These differences in nesting guilds were diminished in the drier sites.

Forecasting mangrove ecosystem degradation utilizing quantifiable eco-physiological resilience -A study from Indian Sundarbans

Sundarbans mangrove forest, the world’s largest continuous mangrove forests expanding across India and Bangladesh, in recent times, is immensely threatened by degradation stress due to natural stressors and anthropogenic disturbances. The degradation across the 19 mangrove forests in Indian Sundarbans was evaluated by eight environmental criteria typical to mangrove ecosystem. In an attempt to find competent predictors for mangrove ecosystem degradation, key eco-physiological resilience trait complex specific for mangroves from 4922 individuals for physiological analyses with gene expression and 603 individuals for leaf tissue distributions from 16 mangroves and 15 associate species was assessed along the degradation gradient. The degradation data was apparently categorized into four and CDFA discriminates 97% of the eco-physiological resilience data into corresponding four groups. Predictive Bayesian regression models and mixed effects models indicate osmolyte accumulation and thickness of water storage tissue as primary predictors of each of the degradation criteria that appraise the degradation status of mangrove ecosystem. RDA analyses well represented response variables of degradation explained by explanatory resilience variables. We hypothesize that with the help of our predictive models the policy makers could trace even the cryptic process of mangrove degradation and save the respective forests in time by proposing appropriate action plans.

Genetic improvement of indigenous Greek sheep and goat breeds

The objective of the study was twofold: (i) to review the genetics of production and resilience traits of indigenous Greek small ruminant breeds as well as the evolution of national breeding programs, and (ii) explore innovative and feasible approaches to overcome the challenges and constraints towards improving these breeds and enhancing the sustainability of the small ruminant sector. Previous studies on the genetic basis of production and resilience traits of indigenous breeds revealed high improvement potential. However, the lack of follow-up action has failed to produce applicable results. Thus, implementation of scientific findings in existing breeding programs for these breeds is extremely limited. The latter has contributed to the overall poor success of such programs. Furthermore, due to the fact that most farmers do not comprehend the strategic importance of genetic improvement and lack motivation for self-funding, breeding programs have mostly relied on European or government funding; the latter has resulted in intermittent implementation. Therefore, most programs failed to improve performance of indigenous Greek breeds, many of which were consequently replaced by foreign breeds of higher productivity and documented merit. In order to facilitate the design of breeding schemes and overcome the challenges towards improvement of indigenous breeds, an integrative approach is necessary. The latter should be based on identification of specific breeding objectives, reflecting the priorities and needs of the sector, as well as the capacity of the indigenous populations. Scientific advances exemplified by genomic selection and novel reproductive technologies will enable faster and more effective genetic improvement. The overall approach is expected to enhance the competitiveness of indigenous Greek small ruminant breeds and the sustainability of the sector.

Opportunities and Challenges for Resilient Hospital Incident Management: Case Study of a Hospital's Response to Hurricane Harvey

Communities face unforeseen threats from natural and human‐made disasters. As disasters grow more intense and critical infrastructure increases in complexity, resilience has emerged as an essential attribute of incident management systems. Despite concerted efforts to examine government organizations and their associated policies, understanding resilience traits exhibited by hospitals and healthcare systems during disasters is limited. We employ two fundamental viewpoints of safety to assess what went wrong (Safety I) and right (Safety II) during Hurricane Harvey in a large regional hospital. Through qualitative analysis of semi‐structured interviews with hospital emergency management and operators, we examine both opportunities and challenges in six aspects of hospital incident management: organizational structure and functions; situational awareness; operating plans; human and physical resources; lessons learned from previous incidents; and leadership and high‐level decision making. The benefits of incorporating both the Safety I and Safety II frameworks in evaluating hospital incident response and the implications of this approach for disaster management policies are discussed.

Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with resistance and resilience to Haemonchus contortus in Brazilian Morada Nova sheep

Gastrointestinal nematodes are a major constraint in sheep production. Breeding for resistance has proven to be an effective and feasible approach to address this problem. The use and investigation of genetic markers for resistance traits could accelerate genetic progress and lead to a better understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate if five single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs OAR2_14765360, OAR6_81718546, OAR11_62887032, OAR12_69606944 and OAR15_59871543 are associated with resistance and resilience traits in a flock of the Morada Nova sheep breed. Lambs were submitted to two consecutive parasite challenges by oral infection with 4000 infective larvae L3) of Haemonchus contortus. Fecal egg counts (FEC), packed cell volume (PVC) and body weight were measured every one or two weeks for 42 days in each trial. DNA samples from 287 lambs, 131 ewes and 4 rams were amplified by ARMS-PCR or PCR-RFLP and genotypes were determined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for association analyses between genotypes and phenotypes. In case of significant association, the allele substitution effect was calculated based on a linear model. OAR2_14765360 and OAR12_69606944 were associated with FEC, and OAR12_69606944 also had significant effects on PCV and weight gain, showing favourable associations of the CC genotype with all evaluated traits. Both OAR6_81718546 and OAR11_62887032 were associated with weight gain, and OAR6_81718546 had an additional effect on PCV. OAR15_59871543 was not polymorphic in the population. OAR6_81718546 and OAR12_69606944 presented significant allele substitution effects of -1.06 ± 0.52 kg for the T allele on final body weight and 0.74 ± 0.32 for the C allele in PCV of the same sampling date, respectively. This is the first report of SNPs associated with gastrointestinal nematode resistance in this sheep breed. Our findings support the existence of quantitatice trait loci (QTL) for resistance and resilience in linkage disequilibrium with the polymorphic SNPs and suggest their future use for explorations of these traits in Morada Nova sheep.

A qualitative study of resilience among transgender women living with HIV in response to stigma in healthcare

ABSTRACT Stigma in healthcare is a pervasive adversity experienced by transgender (trans) women living with HIV (WLWH). Resilience is described as individual and collective processes of navigating and overcoming adversity. This qualitative study sought to explore resilience exhibited by trans WLWH in response to stigma in healthcare. Semi-structured, individual interviews were conducted in 2017–2018 with a purposive sample of trans WLWH (n = 11) participating in a community-based cohort study. Framework analysis was used to identify key themes, patterns within themes between participants, and patterns across themes among participants. Three overarching themes were identified. (1) Resilient responses to stigma in healthcare. Participants exhibited resilient personality traits and processes of resistance and transformation in response to stigma. (2) Motivations, benefits, and consequences of responding. Participants experienced self and altruistic driven motivations. Benefits included increased self-worth, economic resources, and leverage for better healthcare treatment, and reduced internalized stigma and isolation. Negative consequences included defensive provider reactions, being further stereotyped, and decreased physical and mental health. (3) Recommendations for systemic change. Participants recommended trans inclusion in service delivery, development, and management, as well as increased provider education. Providers can leverage trans WLWH's personal and collective strengths while working in solidarity to reduce stigma in healthcare settings.

How Can Personality Enhance Sustainable Career Management? The Mediation Effects of Future Time Perspective in Career Decisions

This study seeks to explore the mediating effects of future time perspective (FTP) between personality variables and career decision-making self-efficacy and career indecision with respect to managing sustainable careers. We used an online survey to collect data from 250 undergraduates for Study 1, in which we explored the mediating role of FTP which focused on the emotional and cognitive personality traits of emotional intelligence, ego resilience, and self-control; and from 249 undergraduate students for Study 2, in which we investigated the mediating effects of FTP on the personality traits of extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The results from the first study indicated that emotional intelligence, ego resilience, and self-control had indirect effects on career decision-making self-efficacy and career indecision via FTP. The results of the second study showed that extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism had indirect effects on career decision self-efficacy and career indecision via FTP. These results contribute to an enhanced understanding of the relationship between personalities and career decisions, and they expand our knowledge about the antecedents and consequences of FTP. At the end of this paper, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications of this study and identify directions for future research.

Genomic Selection for Optimum Index with Dry Biomass Yield, Dry Mass Fraction of Fresh Material, and Plant Height in Biomass Sorghum.

Sorghum is one of the world’s major crops, expresses traits for resilience to climate change, and can be used for several purposes including food and clean fuels. Multiple-trait genomic prediction and selection models were implemented using genotyping-by-sequencing single nucleotide polymorphism markers and phenotypic data information. We demonstrated for the first time the efficiency genomic selection modelling of index selection including biofuel traits such as aboveground biomass yield, plant height, and dry mass fraction of the fresh material. This work also sheds light, for the first time, on the promising potential of using the information from the populations grown from seed to predict the performance of the populations regrown from the rhizomes—even two winter seasons after the original trial was sown. Genomic selection modelling of the optimum index selection including the three traits of interest (plant height, aboveground dry biomass yield, and dry mass fraction of fresh mass material) was the most promising. Since the plant characteristics evaluated herein are routinely measured in cereal and other plant species of agricultural interest, it can be inferred that the findings can be transferred in other major crops.

A look at the social entrepreneur: the effects of resilience and power distance personality traits on consumers’ perceptions of corporate social sustainability

This research investigates how two personality traits common to entrepreneurs permeate their businesses and help successfully position their businesses in consumers’ minds as sustainable. The proposed model suggests that entrepreneurs’ personality traits of resilience and power distance can influence consumers’ perceptions about the business venture’s sustainability practices. Moreover, the study presents evidence these two traits indirectly impact business performance metrics, operationalized as consumers’ patronage intentions and the business’s reputation (i.e., brand equity and ethical leadership). To test the proposed framework, two levels of analysis were used. Level 2 includes data from a sample of 63 entrepreneurs and their self-assessments of their personalities. Level 1 contains data from 383 customers who evaluated the corresponding business ventures. Due to the hierarchical nature and nested structure of the data, hierarchical linear modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Results from this analysis indicate that an entrepreneur’s demonstration of the personality traits of resilience and high-power distance positively influences consumers’ evaluations of the business’ sustainability practices. Findings from this study also indicate that entrepreneurs who show the traits of resilience and high-power distance create positive spillover effects into customers’ perceptions about the ethical nature of the firm’s leadership, their stronger perception of the brand, and their stronger intentions to keep doing business with the firm. Furthermore, all three of these factors were found to be positively related to consumers’ perceptions of the venture’s sustainability practices.

Modelling the feed intake response of growing pigs to diets contaminated with mycotoxins

Quantifying robustness of farm animals is essential before it can be implemented in breeding and management strategies. A generic modelling and data analysis procedure was developed to quantify the feed intake response of growing pigs to perturbations in terms of resistance and resilience. The objective of this study was to apply this procedure to quantify these traits in 155 pigs from an experiment where they received diets with or without cereals contaminated with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). The experimental pigs were divided equally in a control group and three DON-challenged groups. Pigs in each of the challenged groups received a diet contaminated with DON for 7 days early on (from 113 to 119 days of age), later on (from 134 to 140 days of age) or in both periods of the experiment. Results showed that the target feed intake trajectory of each pig could be estimated independently of the challenge. The procedure also estimated relatively accurately the times when DON was given to each challenged group. Results of the quantification of the feed intake response indicated that age and previous exposure to DON have an effect on the resilience capacity of the animals. The correlation between resistance and resilience traits was modest, indicating that these are different elements of robustness. The feed intake analysis procedure proved its capacity to detect and quantify the response of animals to perturbations, and the resulting response traits can potentially be used in breeding strategies.

Farm animal genetic resources in agro ecosystem of north east India

North Eastern Region of India is the homeland of diverse animal genetic resources and representing a unique agro-ecosystem with integrated subsistence low input tribal production system where farm animals play an important role in improving the socio-economic status and livelihood of the people. The total livestock and poultry population of this region is about 70.13 million (6.85% of India) of which 92.76% is indigenous population. Among the 183 registered breeds of livestock and poultry in India, this region has 19 registered breeds which include two cattle, one buffalo, two goat, two sheep, four pig, two horse and ponies, one yak, four chicken and one duck breed. Besides many uncharacterized farm animal breeds/populations are reared by tribal farmers in the region, which are described as their local names. The review, enumerates the farm animal genetic resources of this region and their current status, descriptions, unique features, utility and their economic valuation and cultural importance as well as future conservation strategies. Precise and reliable estimation and evaluation of different economic and climate resilient traits of indigenous farm animal germplasm and their economic valuation, genetic characterization, documentation and registration is highly warranted. It has also suggested and proposed a model for the implementation of strict policy from central and state agencies to facilitate in situ conservation with active community participation and ex situ conservation through application of modern biotechnological tool, which is warranted to maintain the diversity of farm animals in north east region of India.