Resilient Coping Research Articles

Resilience and meaning-centered coping as mediators in the relationship between life satisfaction and posttraumatic outcomes among earthquake survivors in Turkey.

This study aimed to examine the mediating roles of resilience and meaning-centered coping in the relationships between life satisfaction and posttraumatic growth and depreciation. The sample consisted of 255 participants (70% females, Mage = 23.35), who directly experienced the earthquakes that occurred in Turkey on February 6, 2023. Using an online survey, participants answered self-reported questions about their perceived life satisfaction, posttraumatic growth, depreciation, resilience, and meaning-centered coping. Findings showed that life satisfaction significantly predicted resilience, meaning-centered coping, and posttraumatic depreciation. Resilience and meaning-centered coping significantly predicted both posttraumatic growth and depreciation. Importantly, resilience and meaning-centered coping significantly mediated the association of life satisfaction with posttraumatic growth and depreciation. In conclusion, the findings of this study have important implications for customizing interventions designed to enhance the resilience and coping mechanisms of individuals dealing with traumas, including those with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Mediating roles of social support in lives of men who have sex with men living with HIV.

This study examined the mediating role of social support between distal minority stressors, psychological states, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in the United States. We also investigated the role of social support in the relationship between resilient coping and mental HRQoL. A prospective cohort of 263 MSM living with HIV consisted of 25.8% reported and classified as Asian and Pacific Islanders, 36.9% as Black, 27.7% as White, and 9.2% as others, with a mean age at 53.4 years (SD = 13.6) in Hawai'i and Philadelphia were assessed at baseline and three consecutive follow-ups at 6, 12, and 18 months. Generalized linear mixed models and causal mediation analyses were used to examine the relationships and mediating roles of social support between psychosocial factors and mental/physical HRQoL. Discrimination, early trauma, perceived stress, depression, and anxiety were associated with poorer mental HRQoL, whereas resilient coping and social support were associated with better mental HRQoL. Anxiety, depression, and perceived stress were associated with poorer physical HRQoL, and social support was associated with better physical HRQoL. Social support mediated the deleterious and protective effects of discrimination, proportion mediated (pm) = 27%, early emotional trauma (pm = 25.9%), and resilient coping (pm = 19.9%) on mental HRQoL and the negative impacts of anxiety (pm = 12.1%) and perceived stress (pm = 5.8%) on physical HRQoL. Promoting adaptive coping strategies and fostering social support may lead to sustainable improvements in the well-being of MSM living with HIV infection. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Impact of Online Work Mode on Personal Well-being: Exploring Paradigm Shifts in the Relationship Between Resilience Coping, Life Orientation, Hope, and Purpose in Life

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly shifted global work patterns, accelerating the adoption of remote and hybrid work environments. Most theories and studies related to fundamental well-being variables have traditionally been grounded in fully offline work modes. This leaves gaps in understanding how these well-established concepts apply to online-related work environments. This study study aims to investigate the impact of online work mode on the foundations of personal well-being by exploring the relationships between resilience coping, life orientation, hope, and purpose in life across both online-related work and fully offline work settings. Data were collected from 469 participants, including 348 working in online-related roles and 121 in fully offline positions. Findings indicate that hope has the strongest influence on a sense of purpose across both work modes, followed by life orientation in offline work and resilient coping in online work. The results highlight the importance of resilience in managing isolation and self-management in online settings, while life orientation is more significant in offline environments, emphasizing interpersonal interactions. These findings underscore the need for updated theoretical frameworks and further research to address the evolving dynamics of work and employee well-being.

Perfectionism and Burnout in Parents of Visually Impaired Offspring: The Mediating Role of Parenting Conflict and Resilient Coping

Perfectionism and Burnout in Parents of Visually Impaired Offspring: The Mediating Role of Parenting Conflict and Resilient Coping

“The Hill in Front of You”: A Qualitative Study of the Mental Health Impact of Livestock Diseases and Depopulation on Farmers

ABSTRACT Background Livestock disease outbreaks are challenging to control and often lead to animal deaths, sometimes necessitating the mass euthanasia of an entire herd or flock, a process known as depopulation. Depopulation is essential for safeguarding animal welfare, human health, and economic stability, as well as preventing the further spread of disease. While significant advancements have been made in the surveillance, detection, and disposal of affected farm animals, less attention has been given to the impact of livestock diseases and depopulation on farmers’ mental health. This study explored the mental health effects of these events on farmers and identified strategies to enhance their resilience in coping with such stress. Methods Using a qualitative study, 20 farmers, veterinarians, and industry experts were recruited to describe the experience of livestock diseases and depopulation in Alberta, Canada through semi-structured, one-on-one interviews. All had experience with livestock diseases, and 18 had direct depopulation experience. To capture a broad spectrum of the impact on farmers, we gathered feedback from those raising cattle, swine, poultry, deer and elk, sheep, goats, and bees. The interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach to identify common themes. Results Five themes and five sub-themes emerged from the analysis: emotional distress (with sub-themes of shock and helplessness, anxiety and hypervigilance, despondency and waning motivation, fear of judgment and stigma, and contextual variables), threats to identity, economic burden, distrust and frustration with authorities, resilience and adaptation. Using our findings, we adapted the Emergency Management Framework to show what activities could be integrated to support farmers’ mental health needs before, during, and after a depopulation event. Conclusion Farm animal diseases threaten the livelihoods and well-being of farmers as well as pose a significant threat to Canada’s food security and national economy. Our findings indicate farmers who experience livestock diseases and depopulation may be at risk for poor mental health. Implications for education and training, as well as changes to policy to support the mental health and well-being of farmers is discussed.

Beyond Confinement: A Systematic Review on Factors Influencing Binge Drinking Among Adolescents and Young Adults During the Pandemic

Objectives: This study aimed to enhance the understanding of factors influencing changes in binge drinking (BD) behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on its impact on the health of individuals aged 12 to 25 years. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, encompassing studies published between January 2020 and September 2024. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) review protocols. Inclusion criteria targeted studies focusing on BD during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents or school-aged individuals without specific medical conditions. Exclusions included studies limited to a single gender, ethnicity, or profession, as well as doctoral theses and editorials. JBI tools were used to assess the quality of the selected studies. Results: From 33 studies (19 cross-sectional and 14 longitudinal), trends in BD during the pandemic varied: 2 studies reported an increase, while 21 indicated a decrease. Key factors linked to increased BD included pandemic stressors (e.g., isolation, social disconnection and non-compliance with restrictions), psychosocial issues (e.g., depression, anxiety, boredom, and low resilience), prior substance use, and sociodemographic variables (e.g., low education, economic extremes, living arrangements, and limited family support). Female gender and academic disengagement were also risk factors. Conversely, factors like stay-at-home orders, fear of contagion, family support, studying health sciences, and resilient coping strategies contributed to reduced BD. Other variables, such as pandemic stress and self-efficacy, had inconsistent effects. Conclusions: Factors contributing to increased BD included pandemic-related stress, mental health conditions, and unhealthy habits, while protective factors included stay-at-home orders, social support, and resilient coping. The study highlights the need for effective prevention and intervention strategies, emphasizing a holistic approach in healthcare, early detection, and tailored interventions, particularly for vulnerable groups such as adolescents.

Psychological indicators for healthy aging: validation of the German short version of Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being (SPWB)

BackgroundThe important roles of well-being as realization of one’s true potential for healthy aging have been highlighted by literature of the recent decades. The Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB) are an internationally recognized measurement tool for psychological well-being. Yet, sound validation of the German SPWB 18-item version has been lacking to date. Therefore, the present study aims to (1) test the psychometric properties of the German SPWB 18-item version in terms of factorial validity and (2) determine construct validity by investigating its correlations with psychosocial variables, mental and physical health. (3) Sociodemographic characteristics of the SPWB in a middle to old age German population was explored.MethodologyData of N = 3,374 participants 45–85 years old of the 10-year follow-up (2017–2022) of the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) were analyzed. Descriptive analyses and inference statistical analyses were performed to assess construct validity. In order to determine the psychometric properties, item characteristics and reliability coefficients were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analyses tested the proposed theoretical factorial structure.ResultsConstruct validity of the SPWB was established with respect to sociodemographic, psychosocial (social support and resilient coping), and health variables (sleeping problems, depression and anxiety symptoms, stress, loneliness, and somatic diseases). Analysis of the psychometric properties of the German SPWB 18-item version rendered support for the theoretically proposed multidimensional structure of psychological well-being in our sample rather than a one factorial structure. Bi-factor models that take the method effects of positively and negatively formulated items into account are highly recommended.ConclusionsThe German SPWB 18-item version shows comparable psychometric properties to previous large-scale studies from other countries. The SPWB provides psychological indicators for healthy aging.

How does playfulness (re)frame the world? Evidence for selective cognitive and behavioral redirecting in times of adversity.

Do playful people perceive, approach, and respond to their environment and life events differently than less playful individuals? While playfulness has been theorized to affect how individuals frame or reframe situations, this widely accepted premise lacks theoretical specification and empirical validation. This study examined playfulness as a perceptual lens and its potential broader (re)framing effects spanning cognition, emotion, and behavior in the disruptive pandemic context. Two groups with contrasting levels of playfulness (high vs. low as measured by the Adult Playfulness Trait Scale) were derived from a nationwide US adult sample (n = 503) and compared across 19 criterion variables representing diverse perceptual, emotional, and behavioral responses during COVID-19. Sequential analyses including MANOVA, ANOVA, and ANCOVA were performed to examine overall, univariate, and adjusted group differences, respectively, validated by sensitivity analysis across three group categorization methods. Three sets of contrasting findings evidenced selective playful (re)framing effects, wherein more playful individuals (1) shared similar perceptions of current risk and protective factors while adopting a more optimistic future outlook, (2) perceived similar levels of vulnerability and isolation but engaged in significantly higher levels of resilient coping and adaptive leisure, and (3) participated in similar categories and frequencies of leisure activities but with higher experiential quality, marked by greater immersion, activeness, and positive affect. Playfulness functions as a "color spotlight" rather than "rose-tinted glasses," with selective influence through "lemonading"-creatively imagining and pursuing positive possibilities to cultivate adaptive, enjoyable experiences while maintaining a clear-eyed realism about challenges. This advances a nuanced understanding of playful (re)framing as operating primarily through intrinsic goal-oriented cognitive and behavioral redirecting, underscoring playfulness' potential as an integrative resilience factor, experiential quality amplifier, and character strength for promoting individual flourishing.

The Relationship of Physical Activity to Anxiety and Resilient Coping Among Higher Education Employees

Background: Physical activity (PA) can positively affect mental health, yet many aspects of this relationship (degree of effectiveness across populations and conditions, biological mechanisms, etc.) remain unexplored. Aim: This study seeks to understand how PA is associated with anxiety, a common mental health condition, and resilient coping, the ability of an individual to overcome personal stress; and, how PA can be utilized to alleviate anxiety and strengthen resilient coping. Methods: Data collected from Health Assessment surveys assessed how several types of PA (moderate, vigorous, moderate-to-vigorous, and strength training) are related to anxiety and resilient coping. Results: Analysis revealed statistically significant relationships between PA and anxiety and PA and resilient coping. The findings from this study establish positive associations between PA and anxiety and resilient coping, emphasizing the powerful influence of PA as a mental health therapeutic. Such results suggest that PA could become a key component for attenuating mental health crises of workforces within higher education institutions. Conclusion: These findings serve as convincing evidence that organizations should assess ways to incorporate PA into their policies and programs for the health and well-being of employees, namely those of higher education institutions.

The Relationship of the Psychological Resilience and Stress Coping Level of Health Personnel Working in Hospitals After Kahramanmaraş-Based Earthquakes with Traumatic Stress.

In this study, we aimed to examine the indirect and direct effects of the stress experienced by health workers after an earthquake on their psychological resilience. This study was conducted using the Structural Equation Model on 315 employees serving in hospitals in Kahramanmaraş, Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Adana, Adıyaman, Osmaniye, Hatay, Kilis, Malatya, and Elazığ (11 provinces) that were most affected by the earthquake. The study group consisted of 58.4% (n = 184) women and 41.6% (n = 131) men. The mean score on the Psychological Resilience Scale was 71.74, the mean score on the Coping with Stress Scale was 87.17, the mean score on the Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale was 44.04, and the mean score on the Disability Scale was 3.75. Psychological resilience had a statistically significant negative effect on traumatic stress symptoms (β1 = -0.26; p = 0.001 < 0.05). There was a statistically significant positive relationship between coping with stress and psychological resilience (β1 = 0.52; p = 0.001 < 0.05). It was concluded that an increase in an individual's psychological resilience will increase the level of coping with stress, and the traumatic stress symptoms of individuals with an increased level of coping with stress will decrease.

Impact of childhood maltreatment on adult mental health trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Impact of childhood maltreatment on adult mental health trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Morally injurious events and posttraumatic embitterment disorder in U.K. health and social care professionals during COVID-19: A longitudinal web survey.

To longitudinally estimate the prevalence and predictors of potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) and posttraumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) and in U.K. health and social care workers (HSCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, to investigate the mechanism by which PMIEs increase embitterment by lowering personal belief in procedural justice, that is, the belief that they experience fair processes. An online longitudinal survey was hosted on Qualtrics between September-October 2020 and September-November 2021. Using Prolific, 400 HSCWs aged 18 or above and working in the United Kingdom during the pandemic were recruited. PMIEs were assessed using the Moral Injury Events Scale, and PTED was assessed using the PTED self-rating scale. Potential predictors were measured using surveys of exposure to occupational stressors, optimism, pessimism, self-esteem, resilient coping style, consideration of future consequences, and personal just world beliefs. Seventy-one percent of participants experienced at least one COVID-related PMIE and 20% displayed clinically relevant signs of PTED at Time 2 in 2021. Exposure to occupational stressors increased the risk of experiencing PMIEs and PTED, whereas personal belief in a procedurally just world protected against transgressions by others and betrayal PMIEs. Self-esteem was protective, and a resilient coping style was a risk for experiencing betrayal. PMIEs increased embitterment by lowering personal belief in procedural justice over a 12-month period. PMIEs and PTED are being experienced by U.K. HSCWs in 2020 and 2021, particularly in those exposed to work-related stressors. Exposure to PMIEs increases the risk of embitterment by lowering belief in procedural justice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Exploring the Link Between Resilience and Disease Severity in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) significantly affects patients' quality of life, impacting both physical and psychological well-being. This study investigated the potential role of resilience in coping with CRSwNP and its relationship to disease severity and cellular proliferation. Methodology Between July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022, 30 patients diagnosed with CRSwNP were enrolled in a study at Cardiomed Hospital in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), while disease severity was evaluated through patient-reported outcomes (Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22)) and objective measures (Lund-Mackay score). Ki-67 expression was analyzed as a marker of cellular proliferation within nasal polyps. Results No significant correlation was observed between resilience and either SNOT-22 scores or Ki-67 expression. However, a strong positive correlation was found between SNOT-22 scores and Lund-Mackay scores, indicating that patients with more severe symptoms also exhibited greater objective disease burden. In addition, a moderate positive correlation was identified between Ki-67 expression and Lund-Mackay scores, suggesting a potential link between cellular proliferation and disease severity. Conclusion These findings suggest that resilience may not directly influence symptom severity or cellular proliferation in CRSwNP. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is needed to elucidate the complex interplay between resilience, disease pathophysiology, and patient outcomes in CRSwNP. This will ultimately inform the development of more targeted and effective interventions to improve the quality of life for individuals with this chronic condition.

Stigma and voice-related life impact among transgender and gender diverse adults

Introduction Experiences of stigma negatively affect the mental and physical health of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults, but less is known about how it may impact voice, an important aspect of gender embodiment. This study investigated the relation between gender minority stressors and voice-related life impact and examined potential moderating effects of identity pride, community connection, resilient coping, and perceived control. Methods TGD adults (N = 313) completed an online survey between June and November 2022. Participants completed gender-specific voice questionnaire(s), the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience (GMSR) measure, the Brief Resilient Coping Scale, and the voice-related Present Perceived Control Scale. Simple linear regressions were conducted between gender minority stressors and voice-related life impact questionnaires, and multiple linear regressions with an interaction term were used for moderation analyses. Results Experiences of gender minority stress were associated with voice-related life impact, most consistently for non-affirmation and internalized transphobia. Identity pride was protective against non-affirmation on voice-related life impact for trans women and trans men. Resilient coping was protective against internalized transphobia on voice-related life impact for trans men and exacerbated the association between non-affirmation and voice-related life impact for trans women. Community connectedness and perceived control were not moderators. Conclusion Experiences of stigma were associated with how TGD adults perceived their voice functioning and how their voices impacted their life. Experiences of oppression should be explored in the context of gender-affirming voice care as an important factor in voice functioning and voice-related goals.

Moderating role of emotional intelligence on the association between adverse childhood experiences and conduct problems of adolescents

We explored the moderating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and conduct problems of adolescents. The participants were 588 in-school Nigerian adolescents (male = 59.9%; mean age = 14.64 years, SD = 1.31 years). They completed measures of adverse childhood experiences–abuse domain (ACEs–AD), conduct problems, and emotional intelligence. Hayes regression-based PROCESS macro results revealed that the physical/emotional abuse and sexual abuse were positively associated with conduct problems. Test of moderation effects indicated that physical/emotional and sexual abuse was positively related to conduct problems for adolescents with low emotional intelligence but not for adolescents with moderate and high emotional intelligence. The study findings suggest higher emotional intelligence as an asset for resilient coping with ACE and reducing the risk for in-school adolescents’ conduct problems.

The relationships among positive coping style, psychological resilience, and fear of falling in older adults

ObjectivesFear of falling is a psychological issue that adversely impacts the health of elderly individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation among positive coping styles, psychological resilience, and fear of falling in older adults. The mediating role of psychological resilience was also investigated.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2023 to December 2023. There are 202 older adults from a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China, participated in this study. The general information questionnaire, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International were utilized. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of fear of falling in the elderly was 53.00%. Older individuals with a history of falls or fractures had a significantly higher fear of falling (P < 0.05). Fear of falling was inversely connected with psychological resilience and positive coping styles (P < 0.05). Positive coping styles were positively connected with psychological resilience (r = 0.638, P < 0.01). Structural equation modeling showed that psychological resilience fully mediated the effect of positive coping styles on fear of falling (indirect effect estimate = -0.126, 95% CI -0.036 to-0.225; total effect estimate = -0.121, 95% CI -0.028to -0.005).ConclusionFear of falling was widespread among older adults and psychological resilience fully mediated the relationship between positive coping styles and fear of falling. Future interventions targeting the fear of falling should consider the enhancement of psychological resilience.

Resilience, coping strategies, and disaster experience: a path analysis of preparedness and avoidance in Taiwan

BackgroundThis study investigates the relationships between resilience dimensions, coping strategies, and prior disaster experience, focusing on disaster preparedness and avoidance behaviors in Taiwan.MethodsA total of 550 participants were surveyed, with 57.82% being female and the majority aged between 21 and 40 years. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and path analysis, we examined six resilience dimensions, which include problem-solving, social support, negative emotion regulation, stable interpersonal relationships, assertiveness, and self-regulation, as predictors of disaster preparedness and avoidance behaviors.ResultsThe models accounted for 41.83–44.83% of the variance in preparedness and 5.43–10.74% of the variance in denial/avoidance. Across all models, problem-solving, assertiveness, and living with family consistently predicted higher preparedness, while income consistently predicted lower denial and avoidance behaviors. Notably, flood experience significantly moderated the relationship between social support and denial/avoidance (β = 0.21, p = .017), indicating that participants with stronger social support who had experienced floods were more likely to engage in denial and avoidance behaviors. Additionally, flood experience negatively moderated the relationship between negative emotion regulation and both preparedness (β = − 0.18, p = .035) and denial/avoidance (β = − 0.23, p = .030), suggesting that individuals with higher emotional regulation were less likely to prepare or deny disaster risks after flood exposure.ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of addressing individual resilience capacities and the complexities of prior disaster experiences in disaster preparedness interventions, with particular attention to vulnerable populations.

The role of emotional styles in information avoidance regarding negative news

Introduction. This study explores the influence of emotional styles on students’ information avoidance behaviour, particularly about negative news. Method. Using a sample of participants, we employed the Emotional Styles Questionnaire (ESQ) to measure emotional styles, alongside an information avoidance questionnaire to assess participants' tendencies to avoid distressing news. Cronbach’s Alpha for both questionnaires indicated good reliability. Analysis. Data analysis involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and regression analysis to validate the instruments and explore the relationships between emotional styles and information avoidance. Results. Results demonstrated that higher resilience and greater sensitivity to context are significantly associated with increased information avoidance among students. Conclusion. These findings suggest that students with resilience and sensitivity to context emotional styles engage in strategic information avoidance to manage their emotional well-being. The study's implications highlight the need for tailored interventions to enhance emotional resilience and adaptive coping strategies, offering insights for mental health professionals, educators, and policymakers. Future research should investigate cultural differences and longitudinal changes to further understand the dynamics of information avoidance. This research underscores the importance of considering emotional dispositions in information-seeking behaviours, contributing to the broader theoretical framework of emotional regulation.

Self-Efficacy in Life Skills and Psychological Correlates in Sicilian Adolescents: A Brief Report

The aim of this paper is to discuss the findings derived from the associations between self-efficacy in life skills and its major psychological correlates (psychological well-being, resilience, and coping strategies) in various convenience samples of Sicilian adolescents. We include a summary of the main results and statistical outcomes obtained from previous studies performed in the Sicilian context, focusing on several psychological topics associated with self-efficacy in life skills. Comparing the outcomes from different studies revealed positive correlations between self-efficacy in life skills and higher levels of psychological well-being, resilience, and functional coping strategies to manage critical situations. Future research will focus on the development of life skills programs to improve the quality of life of adolescents and promote their functional and optimal development.

The Lived Experience of Suffering by Nigerian Female Breast Cancer Survivors: A Phenomenological Perspective.

Breast cancer is a significant public health concern globally, and its impact extends beyond physical survival. Survivors often grapple with a myriad of challenges, including psychological distress, social isolation, and financial hardship. These challenges are often exacerbated in low-resource settings like Nigeria, where limited access to quality healthcare, socioeconomic disparities, and cultural stigma surrounding cancer can significantly impact the quality of life for survivors. This study aims to explore the suffering perceived by long-term breast cancer survivors in Nigeria, focusing on their lived experiences during and after treatment. Using a phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 women who have survived breast cancer for over 5 years. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to capture the essence of their suffering, allowing for a deep understanding of their lived experiences. Five main domains emerged: (1) Physical Suffering, (2) Emotional Distress, (3) Social Suffering, (4) Financial Strain, and (5) Spiritual and Resilient Coping. Participants described their suffering as a multifaceted journey marked by physical pain, emotional turmoil, social stigma, financial challenges, and resilience fostered through spirituality and support systems. The phenomenological analysis revealed that the participants' suffering extended beyond the physical, touching every aspect of their lives and reshaping their identities and perceptions of self. The findings highlight the complex nature of suffering among breast cancer survivors in Nigeria, underscoring the need for comprehensive survivorship care that addresses physical, psychosocial, and spiritual dimensions. By understanding the essence of their suffering, healthcare providers can develop more compassionate, context-specific care strategies that validate and support the holistic needs of survivors.