Residential Character Research Articles

How Educational Opportunity Structures Shape the Presence, Forms, and Outcomes of Campus Activism

ABSTRACT How do characteristics of colleges and universities shape campus activism? In this review article, we provide an overview of the growing body of sociological research on educational opportunity structures at U.S. colleges and universities. Specifically, we synthesize research that discusses how various characteristics of U.S. colleges and universities—including their public or private status, their secular or religious identity, their wealth, their prestige, their residential character, their bureaucratic rules, and their administrators’ openness to campus activism—influence whether student activist groups emerge, adopt different forms, and achieve their goals. We conclude by discussing remaining gaps in our knowledge and highlighting several potential lines for future research.

Urban Changes in the Traditional Residential Neighborhood Case: The Bab El-Louz neighborhood in Bejaia

Bejaia, as many Algerian cities, has undergone profound economic, social, political and urbanistic changes, but is today in a state of anarchy in total abstraction with the urban architectural heritage. In the heart of its center, the district of Bab El-Louz is considered as one of the oldest and most important districts of the city of Bejaia due to its strategic position, the residential character par excellence and its traditional architecture. In recent years, the neighborhood of Bab El-Louz is subject to remarkable changes in its residential space, changes that are made in an informal and unplanned manner, based on individual initiatives to meet the needs of the current situation. These transformations are becoming more and more significant from one day to the next, which has led to a real mutation of the Bab Elouz district, which is spatial, social and functional and which needs to be studied and analyzed. The purpose of this research is to show the consequences of mutation on the basis of architectural and urban transformations and mutations of the residential space of the Bab El-Louz district which threaten the survival of a historical heritage and the future of this district.

Impact Assessment of Commercialization of Main Roads in Planned Housing Schemes: A Case Study of PIA Housing Scheme

The phenomenon of commercialization of residential properties is taking place rapidly. Although conversion of landuse from residential to commercial in built-up areas is not new in developing countries but planned housing schemes also start experiencing this land-use conversion, and now are no more predominantly residential. Furthermore, declaring a road commercial by the competent authorities, even without taking necessary improvements in infrastructure and consent of the community, further exaggerate the problem. The negative consequences of this phenomenon have a severe effects on residential areas and include environmental problems, traffic congestion, noise, and air pollution, and affect the residential character of the area in negative manner for which they were initially developed. The aim of the study is to describe briefly about remits of commercialization polices in Lahore and then to assess the functionality of commercialized residential roads through assessment criteria based upon the indicators established to assess capacity of road infrastructure before declaring it commercial. This includes road management plan, details of road network with condition of road, its width, Pedestrian and Public transport facilities, structure, including the primary, mixed-use, and secondary nodes. Perception of the users and residents regarding the change in the use of land is also weighed up. The findings of this research will draw the attention of responsible authorities to improve the design guidelines, which are essential to consider before commercializing the residential roads.

Spatio-temporal location of population: Strengthening the capacities of sudden hazards risk management in Goma, DRC

The population at risk from sudden hazards, such as volcanic eruptions, is often estimated based on the location of the residents. Crisis management tools, such as evacuation and emergency plans, are usually based on this information. Therefore, they often do not reflect over- and underpopulation in areas where the present population is different from the resident population at the time of the crisis. In the context of data scarcity that characterises Goma city (North Kivu, DRC), the results of the spatial analysis presented in this paper allowed the population to be located hour by hour on each day of the week. The dual movement of those leaving and those arriving in Goma made it possible to establish the temporal variations of the total population located in Goma. The variations are similar on all weekdays but differ for Sundays. Moreover, the spatio-temporal location of the population over time appeared to be strongly influenced by the activity rhythm of the city's vital infrastructures. In other words, areas where commercial activities, employment, and schools are concentrated, are crowded during working hours, while areas with a predominantly residential character become depopulated at these times. Therefore, the various areas of Goma could be impacted differently by sudden natural hazards. If their occupancy is poorly known, the safety of the population and the satisfaction of their expectations are difficult to predict accurately. Modelling these spatio-temporal variations of the population is crucial information for quantifying the resources needed to manage a future sudden crisis in Goma.

Planigraphic and Architectural Features of Tell Sabi Abyad (Syria)

Introduction . Tell Sabi Abyad is one of the most important archaeological sites in the Balikh basin, located about 30 km south of the Syrian-Turkish border. It consists of four mounds excavated in different seasons. The excavation was initiated by a Dutch archaeological expedition that started on 1986 and finished in 2010. It was led first by Professor M. Van Loon and then by P. Akkermans. Methods and materials . The research was based on the results of archaeological excavations, published by the excavation team. The historical reconstruction method was used to study the materials of the site. Results . The study of excavation materials of the Tell Sabi Abyad monument made it possible to identify the cultural layers, which revealed religious buildings, dwellings, farm buildings, as well as other traces of the long-term human presence. The paper describes chronological layers and the amount of artefacts at different periods. The research made it possible to acquire new facts that can clarify the existing knowledge about Northern Mesopotamia of the Neolithic era. Conclusion . The study of the monument showed that the houses were built on stable towering platforms, had a regular residential character, and involved bricks, clay, wood, and cane. Most of the houses had a rectangular layout and were connected to each other by small openings (doors). There were also houses with roof entrances. In addition, circular buildings, the tholoi, were found. In the late chronological layers, the era of Halaf culture, the tholoi were widely used not only as places of worship, but also for housing and food storage.

Beriš kod Ljubuškog (zapadna Hercegovina) – primjer mikroneolitičkog nalazišta

U članku se donose rezultati iskopavanja koja su 2016. provedena na neolitičkom nalazištu Beriš kod Ljubuškog (zapadna Hercegovina). Nalazište karakteriziraju skromna prostornost, tanak depozit, niska razina naseobinskih ostataka, ali i tipična litič- ka i keramička građa srednjeg neolitika, koja svojom strukturom predočava sve vrste aktivnosti karakteristične za prostorno znatno veća nalazišta naseobinskog karaktera. Polazeći od tih činjenica, u članku se raspravlja o kulturnoj i relativno kronološkoj dimenziji nalazišta, te njegovoj posebnosti među drugim istodobnim nalazištima i značenju mikronalazišta u cjelini neolitika na području istočnog Jadrana i njegova zaleđa.

The influence of privately initiated rezoning on housing prices

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the parcel-level impacts of the zoning change.Design/methodology/approachUsing hedonic regression and propensity score matching econometric techniques, this paper analyses single-family housing prices within Fulton County Georgia. This paper combines data on the parcel-level zoning changes with nearby housing sales transactions to study the potential externality effects because of rezoning induced by private parties.FindingsThe paper finds evidence of heterogeneous rezoning effects, depending upon the type of rezoning conducted. At a distance within 0.75 miles, housing prices appreciate by 8.31% when nearby privately initiated rezoning maintains the residential character of a neighbourhood. However, housing prices decline by 21.26% when residential housing zones are converted to non-residential housing zones. The negative influences of rezoning residential use to non-residential uses decline as distance increases.Originality/valueThe analysis provides quantitative information on the impact of rezoning on residential property prices. Planning officials and developers can use these results to assuage homeowner fears of potential negative housing price effects associated with rezoning.

Sprawozdanie z badań wykopaliskowych na grodzisku zwanym „Okrągła Góra” w Pasymiu, pow. Szczytno, stan. 1 w roku 2018

In 2018, excavations at the stronghold in Pasym in the Szczytno district continued (Figure 1). They were mainly concentrated on the area within the stronghold. Three excavations were carried out (Figure 2). Trench 1 (15 × 5 m) was situated in the western part on the extension south of Trench 1 from 2017. Excavation 2 (5 × 5 m) was located in the north-west part of the stronghold, on the slope descending towards the lake. Trench 3 (2 × 2 m) was located at the foot of the stronghold on the lake side. In total, the excavated area was 1.29 ar. Particularly noteworthy was the discovery of two large features (4 and 13) of a residential character. The results of previous studies clearly indicate that buildings of this type were located along the edge of the inner area of the stronghold. A large number of finds was recovered during the excavations: 5,082 ceramic fragments, 11,559 animal bone fragments and 121 artefacts.

Conflictos sociales urbanos en Lima: la centralidad de la comunicación en las disputas en torno a la residencialidad

This study was based on the analysis of three short cases of conflicts where the residential neighborhood character of an area was affected due to projects conducted by local governments or companies which sought to intensify and diversify the use of the urban space. The primary parties involved in the conflict were interviewed and secondary data was analyzed. Additionally, secondary journalistic sources, social media and official publications were reviewed to build the cases. The groups of residents used digital media to generate internal cohesion, implement early warning systems and spread their points of view. Local governments showed a lack of communicative strategies to ease the conflict or build trust. Instead, priority was given to a confrontational and non-transparent strategy that increased polarization and opposition. The communicative repertoires used by residents and authorities focused on strengthening their points of view and power in the conflict, aiming to have an impact on other actors to get greater public support for their cause. Furthermore, the communication resources used to build bridges, and generate rapprochement and dialogue were poor. Refocusing on the communication dimension for managing urban conflicts is needed especially from the government side.

Sexual Assault Information Posted on College and University Websites: Size and Setting Matter.

To better understand what and how institutions of higher education (IHEs) communicate information about sexual assault (SA) on their websites, the current cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study analyzed a stratified sample representing 15% of the IHE websites in the United States. Findings show the availability, location, and type of SA information posted on IHE websites differ based on student population and residential character. Large and primarily residential schools are more likely to include SA information, across multiple pages, with a wider informational span than other categories. However, informational gaps are apparent across all websites. Implications for policy and practice are highlighted.

HUBUNGAN KARAKTER PERMUKIMAN DENGAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA (STUDI KASUS : SURODADI, KELURAHAN SISWODIPURAN DAN PERUM BUMI SINGKIL PERMAI I DESA KARANGGENENG, KECAMATAN BOYOLALI)

<p><em>Every citizen who lived in settlements will definitely produce garbage, therefore the volume of waste continues to increase every time. While the final disposal is provided having a limited capacity, so that we waste management at the community level needs to be improved so that the amount of waste that goes to landfill can be reduced. Waste management at the community level is also done in Surodadi, Siswodipuran and Perum Bumi Singkil Permai (BSP) I, Karanggeneng, Boyolali. But to these two regions have different treatment in processing waste. The problem in this research is about how are the relations between the residential character and the community participation in waste management. The methos used is the methos of description that describes the relationship between the two factors through the depiction of the results of observations, questionnaires and interviews. The results of this study are the difference in terms of residential character, wate management system and participation from the community in garbage penelolaan in both regions. Economic conditions have relation with the community participation in the management of household waste. Livelihood, social, and cultural interactions taht evolve shown to has a relation with the community participation in the management of household waste. The level of income and education levels have no connection with participation from the community in waste management.</em></p><p> </p><p><em><strong>Keyword : </strong>Community Participation, Residentials, Waste Management</em></p>

コンバージョンを伴う居住施設の「受け継がれ方」に関する考察

コンバージョンを伴う居住施設の「受け継がれ方」に関する考察

Resident perceptions toward tourism impacts in historic center of Yazd, Iran

ABSTRACTAlthough demographic changes as a result of the departure of former residents have caused the historical center of Yazd to lose its residential character, the area has recently taken on another role with the significant increase in the number of foreign tourists and the emergence of traditional hotels, restaurants, and café shops in its historical center. This newly emerging phenomenon has modified the nature of this part of the city, converting it into a rather touristic area, particularly in the Fahadan neighborhood. An examination of the perceptions of residents reveals that those in the Fahadan neighborhood in Yazd have a generally positive attitude toward tourism development. In addition, the interviewees pointed out three major impacts from the increase in tourism: (1) improvement in the physical and environmental quality of the old urban area due to the initiatives taken by the government and the private sector; (2) positive social and cultural changes in residents because of communication with foreign tourists; and (3) increasing community awareness and pride toward its cultural and national heritage. Nowadays, the people of Yazd increasingly welcome the arrival of foreign tourists, have laid the foundations for their arrival, and even received them warmly in their religious rituals. However, our observations indicate that the increase in touristic activities in the historical areas of Yazd (especially in the Fahadan neighborhood), as well as weakening the residential role, pose the risk of the museumification of this area. Furthermore, the restoration of old spaces and monuments for the sole purpose of attracting tourists causes the commodification of heritage, resulting in a potential loss of authenticity.

How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people

Human values and social issues shape visions on dwelling and care for older people, a growing number of whom live in residential care facilities. These facilities' architectural design is considered to play an important role in realizing care visions. This role, however, has received little attention in research.This article presents a case study of a residential care facility for which the architects made considerable effort to match the design with the care vision. The study offers insights into residents' and caregivers' experiences of, respectively, living and working in this facility, and the role of architectural features therein.A single qualitative case study design was used to provide in-depth, contextual insights. The methods include semi-structured interviews with residents and caregivers, and participant observation. Data concerning design intentions, assumptions and strategies were obtained from design documents, through a semi-structured interview with the architects, and observations on site.Our analysis underlines the importance of freedom (and especially freedom of movement), and the balance between experiencing freedom and being bound to a social and physical framework. It shows the architecture features that can have a role therein: small-scaleness in terms of number of residents per dwelling unit, size and compactness; spatial generosity in terms of surface area, room to maneuver and variety of places; and physical accessibility. Our study challenges the idea of family-like group living. Since we found limited sense of group belonging amongst residents, our findings suggest to rethink residential care facilities in terms of private or collective living in order to address residents' social freedom of movement. Caregivers associated ‘hominess’ with freedom of movement, action and choice, with favorable social dynamics and with the building's residential character. Being perceived as homey, the facility's architectural design matches caregivers' care vision and, thus, helped them realizing this vision.

Ethnic Renewal in Philadelphia's Chinatown: Space, Place, and Struggle

Ethnic Renewal in Philadelphia's Chinatown: Space, Place, and Struggle

Inversión versus coste del ciclo de vida de los edificios. Proyecciones energético-económicas

La inversión en la construcción es un factor limitante cuando se desea mejorar la eficiencia energética, debido a que los constructores prestan mayor atención a la inversión que al coste del ciclo de vida durante la vida útil del edificio. Este artículo presenta una metodología desarrollada que permite mejorar la calificación energética de edificios y su coste del ciclo de vida, en la mayoría de los escenarios económicos, las soluciones reducen la inversión, si se escogen los materiales constructivos óptimos.Palabras clave: inversión, coste del ciclo de vida, construcción, eficiencia energética, calificación energética. Investment versus life cycle cost of buildings. Energy-economic projectionsAbstract: Investment in construction is limiting by some factors when it is desired improve energy efficiency, because the builders pay more attention to investment, which the life cycle cost over the lifetime of the building. This paper presents a developed methodology to improve the energy rating of buildings and life cycle cost, in the majority of economic scenarios; the solutions reduce investment, if the optimal construction materials are chosen. The aim of this study focuses on optimizing the life cycle cost of a building with the lowest consumption of energy demand, with the aim of improving environmental quality and energy. A methodology for optimizing the building envelope or skin of a building and the active elements that compose is set, to study the power consumption and the corresponding saving is established, considering the environmental impact and the cost of it. The application of a heuristic Tabu expedites time to resolution of the problem. However, the life cycle cost study is necessary to develop projections possible about the economic future of a building. Homeowners should understand the different economic situations in order to protect their investment. Moreover, investment is often a limiting factor in the decisions of construction. It tends to minimize the investment, within the law when it comes to achieve an energy rating and energy efficiency index, therefore you must know the effect of the investment when optimizing a building. In the future pricing of carbon emissions may provide an incentive for the deployment of efficient and low-carbon technologies across Europe. Those responsible of strategic investments in buildings often make decisions more or less intuitively, generally based on experience. The study of a building for different economic projections, we propose and consider different climatic zones. The building of residential character is described in detail. The application of the methodology presented in this paper can offer the user the study of buildings to various economic situations. The paper presents 956 case studies of this building. By studying Spanish 12 climatic zones, different economic scenarios are presented. The results show that the application of the methodology allows a reduction of CO2 emissions, reduced demand for heating, and the investment is reduced in a considerable number of life cycle cost cases. The final decision is applied by the responsible of making the decision, although the data obtained by applying this methodology are used to make that decision. The methodology provides a competitive advantage when the building is presented. Given the uncertainties in the market, it should not make overly optimistic assessment, although the system helps decision making, the experience will be key to decide the best economic scenario.Keywords: investment, life cycle cost, construction, energy efficiency, energy rating.

O urbanizmu Osora nakon 1450. godine

Obnova jadranskih gradova pod mletačkom vlašću obuhvatila je i sva centralna urbana naselja na Kvarnerskim otocima. Krajem 15. i tijekom 16. stoljeća Cres je dobio novi prsten zidina, kneževu palaču, gradsku ložu, gradski toranj sa satom nad lučkim vratima, fontik, zbornu crkvu te se proširio na područje srednjovjekovnog burga. Redizajn Krka provodio je mletački providur Vinciguerra krajem 15. stoljeća, a opsežni graditeljski pothvati zahvatili su i Rab. Osor, antička metropola Cresko-lošinjske otočne skupine, u tom se razdoblju radikalno smanjuje. Sredinom naselja, koje je od prapovijesti zauzimalo cjelokupnu površinu niske prevlake smještene između otoka Cresa i Lošinja, podignut je novi potez bedema kojim je grad prepolovljen. Istočna polovica naselja, u kojoj je smješten ranokršćanski katedralni kompleks, ostala je izvan bede-ma. Istočni bedem vremenom se urušava i razgrađuje, katedrala se reducira na središnji brod jedne od bazilika, a gradsko tkivo nestaje.

O urbanizmu Osora nakon 1450. godine

O urbanizmu Osora nakon 1450. godine

Citizenship development through vocational training: British Columbia Rural Youth Training School, 1947–1959

This article inspires critical and creative thinking about the promotion of citizenship development through programmes of study designed primarily to enhance adults' vocational skills. It does so through presenting an empirical case study of an important adult education programme delivered by the Department of University Extension at the University of British Columbia in the 1940s and 1950s. The ‘Youth Training School’ was funded by the governments of Canada and British Columbia to provide vocational training to young men and women from rural areas. While the curriculum of the school was focused on agriculture and home economics, its residential character and the structure of its extracurricular activities led to significant opportunities for citizenship development among its participants. This article contributes both to the history of adult education, and to the understanding of contemporary possibilities for citizenship education in contexts where official attention and resources are focused on vocational goals. It argues that vocational training and citizenship development are not mutually exclusive, that citizenship education is not necessarily progressive, and that the structure of educational experience is as important as the substantive content of lessons in the promotion of citizenship.

放課後の生活時間から見た都市近郊農村地域における子どもの交流活動の現状

The aim of this research is to clarify problems of communication among children, which is declining in most of rural areas because of decrease in population and urbanizing lifestyles.We evaluated their communications in a quantitative way to grasp the differences from distinctions in spatial and temporal conditions. We analyzed those data to clarify the effects of their residential character and their private lessons after school to communication in the suburban area. As a result, their main spaces for communication were only private ones, such as their houses and their friends houses, and they seldom use public spaces or distinctive rural spaces. From the evaluations it was also clarified that each space had particular time to be used and specific area of users. In the most developed (urbanized) area children communicated with each other frequently. The reason for this tendency of privatization and urbanization was considered that their residences were scattered around the school area and it was difficult to share communication spaces, and their private lessons were given in the time when public communication spaces were used mostly.