Teaching Research Research Articles

How to form shared objects to enhance university-school collaboration? A cultural-historical activity theory perspective.

University-school (U-S) collaboration has proven to be an effective approach for teacher professional development, but it could be hampered by the lack of shared objects. To understand how shared objects are formed in U-S collaboration, this research established a university-school collaborated Change Laboratory in W primary school based on cultural-historical activity theory, which is under the background of Chinese teaching research activity. Recordings of meetings throughout the year were transcribed into texts and coded, and then analyzed via the method of grounded theory and contradiction analysis. The findings reveal that, in comparison to previous studies regarding shared object formation process, this study identified an special phase named "experimental object," which highlights the significance of experimentation in U-S collaboration. Also, multiple contradictions are recognized as the driving force for shared object formation which would gradually transform into fundamental conflicts between tools. The main contradictions identified include those between scientific and daily concepts, university culture and school culture, as well as new experiment and old routine. The current study implicates that U-S collaboration is an expansive learning process to acquire unknown knowledge, which necessitates both parties engaging in exploration and experimentation together. Furthermore, shared object formation within U-S collaboration requires participants to focus on developing teaching tools while consciously undergoing changes in aspects such as logic of thinking, culture and routine.

Revised European guidelines for the accreditation of sleep medicine centres.

The accreditation of sleep centres aims to ensure high-quality diagnosis and management of sleep centres. European accreditation standards were introduced in 2006, and were aimed at centres offering inpatient polysomnography and vigilance tests (Mean Sleep Latency Test and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test). Since then, the practice of sleep medicine has evolved, with greater use of ambulatory polysomnography and polygraphy. As a result, in many sleep centres, actual clinical practice, although of a high standard, is no longer in accordance with the published guidelines. The current criteria have been revised with the introduction of level-based criteria. Level 1 and 2 centres offer full diagnostic testing in a laboratory-based setting. Level 1 practices will usually be university affiliated, and have a full teaching and active research role. Level 3 and 4 practices may offer both inpatient and ambulatory testing. Level 3 practices perform polysomnography, while level 4 practices (usually monodisciplinary and focussed on sleep apnea) perform polygraphy only. The role of the medical and paramedical team, training, appropriate equipment, patient care pathways and patient management according to national/European recommendations is underlined for accreditation at each level. It is anticipated that the guidelines will be reviewed and if necessary revised after 4 years.

The Five-Level Education and Teaching Research System: A Distinctively Chinese Research Mechanism for Basic Education

China’s five-level education and teaching research system (ETRS) has been instrumental in advancing Chinese basic education. It includes the central-, provincial-, municipal-, and county-level education and teaching research institutions and school-based teaching research offices, which jointly contribute to the enhancement of the quality of education and teacher professional development. There is close collaboration as well as a clear division of responsibility among these institutions. This article expounds on the ETRS’s functions and characteristics, shedding light on its significance for Chinese basic education with a view to providing implications for global education development.

Lesson Honing through Different Approaches: A Meaningful Practice of Teaching Research among Chinese Basic Education Teachers

“Lesson honing through different approaches” (LHDA) is a form of teaching research in Chinese basic education. This article gives a brief overview of this school-based teaching research method and describes general implementation procedures of LHDA using LHDA-based secondary mathematics teaching research as an example. Issues with the execution of LHDA are also discussed.

Influence of online versus traditional learning on EFL listening skills: A blended mode classroom perspective

Online learning is becoming more and more popular than traditional learning, and the need to investigate its influence within the framework of instruction and learning domains is — in today's emerging, cutting-edge technology world — an academic trend. The current study's problem intends to explore the impact of virtual versus traditional learning on the academic achievement of EFL students, a subject that has garnered substantial attention from English Language Teaching (ELT) researchers. This study aims to clarify if EFL students' academic progress in a listening skills classroom is influenced by traditional or online learning. The present research compiled information on how EFL students performed when English language teaching took place online as opposed to in a traditional classroom environment. This study, using an experimental research design with (N = 30) pairs of students (both male and female), was held at Najran University, KSA, in the academic year 2022–2023 b y using probability (random sampling). This study used pre-and post-tests to gather data from the subjects of the study, bifurcated into controlled and experimental groups employing the two modes of teaching, viz., online and traditional. The findings of the investigation proved that the experimental group achieved better performance compared to the control group in terms of results and scores. There are no significant differences based on gender. In addition, (N = 20) teachers teaching listening skills to EFL learners participated in semi-structured interviews. The qualitative analysis enlisted flexibility, accessibility, effective communication, collaboration, monitoring of student progress, and the use of a blackboard as constructive elements, followed by maintenance costs, wastage of available resources, long-term engagement, limited face-to-face interaction, and demotivation as critical perspectives. According to the findings of this research, the author recommends further studies with more variables.

Practices, beliefs, and challenges of teacher research in Nepal

Abstract This article analyses the practices, beliefs, and challenges of in-service Nepali EFL teachers who are required to carry out action research and submit a written report for their performance appraisal. We have analysed action research reports (n = 88) and interviews (n = 6) with public-school EFL teachers. The findings show that speaking, classroom participation, and writing are the three major problem areas teachers have pointed out in their action research reports. In theory, teachers have positive beliefs about the importance of action research for better teaching and professional development. They have claimed that action research has helped them address classroom problems. However, the analysis of the reports indicates that teachers lack data/evidence to support their claims about research problems and the effectiveness of the actions they have introduced in the classroom. The findings of the study show that teachers need mentoring support to carry out and write up action research reports.

Exploring the influence of the Socrates Seminar Technique on anxiety, motivation, and reading comprehension in foreign learners of Turkish

This research aims to study the effects of the Socrates Seminar Technique on foreigners' Turkish learning anxiety, motivation, and reading comprehension skills. For this purpose, a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with a control group, which is one of the quantitative research methods, was used in this research. The study group of the research consists of 40 B2 level students learning Turkish at Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Turkish and Foreign Language Teaching Application and Research Center (BANÜ-TÖMER). To collect the research data, the Reading-Comprehension Achievement Test prepared by the researchers, the "Foreigners' Turkish Learning Anxiety Scale" designed by Sevim (2019a), and the "Motivation Scale for Learning Turkish as a Foreign Language" developed by Sevim (2019b) were used. Simple and predictive statistical methods were used to analyze data obtained via evaluation tools. After evaluating the findings obtained from the research, it was concluded that implementing the Socrates Seminar Technique in course activities led to increased reading comprehension achievement and enhanced motivation among students learning Turkish, while also reducing their anxiety levels associated with learning the language. Additionally, the study aims to provide concrete examples of course activities developed using the Socrates Seminar Technique in the realm of foreign language teaching. This study is intended to benefit both teachers and students, offering practical insights to enhance the teaching process in what is commonly perceived as a challenging domain.

Research on Literature Teaching of Chinese Vocabulary in Core Journals

Vocabulary teaching is an important part of teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. With the continuous development of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the research on vocabulary teaching is also deepening. Through the literature method, the paper searches the research literature on the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language between 2003 and 2023, and analyzes the research methods, main contents and teaching methods. It is found that due to the influence of the authors, their research fields and working institutions, the research methods in this journal are not rich enough and the research content is not balanced; the vocabulary teaching research for different class types is not sufficient; and the vocabulary teaching research for learners' country and level is not specific enough. Therefore, we should enrich the research methods, balance all kinds of vocabulary teaching research, and increase the teaching research of different kinds of foreign Chinese vocabulary in different stages from the perspective of the country.

STUDY OF ENDOMETRIAL PATHOLOGY IN ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING

Objective: Endometrial pathology is becoming the most common issue that affects women of reproductive age group worldwide. AUB encompasses a wide variety of presentations, for example, frequent menstrual cycles, frequent and heavy cyclical bleeding, irregular bleeding, and postcoital bleeding. This study was done to evaluate the endometrial causes of AUB and to determine the specific pathology in different age groups.
 Methods: This study was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted on 200 patients from January 2023 to October 2023 in the department of pathology in a reputed teaching hospital and research centre. All the endometrial biopsies/curretages and hysterectomy specimens sent for Histopathological examination with history of AUB were included in the study.
 Results: Age of the patients with AUB ranged from 17 to 71 y in our study. Out of 200 cases, 90 cases (45%) were seen in Perimenopausal group followed by 68 cases (34 %) in Reproductive age group and 42 cases (21%) in Postmenopausal age group. Menorrhagia was the most common bleeding pattern seen in 54% pf patient with AUB. In 28% in reproductive age group, hormonal imbalance was observed in 13% of reproductive age group and 6% in perimenopausal age group. Atrophic endometrium was observed in 7.5% of women in post-menopausal age group. Chronic endometritis was seen 3% of reproductive age group.
 Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding in women belonging to different age group show variable endometrial pattern on histopathological examination. They are valuable in early detection of pre-cancerous endometrial lesions as well as malignancy.

Effectiveness Study on Mind Mapping Approach to Students’ Operation Position Performance and Creativity on Traditional Chinese Painting

Under current diplomaism, students’ painting ability is cultivated, but the creativity development is restricted. Students mainly learn painting skills that technique training is mostly emphasized. To improve such a problem, it is necessary to build the operation position performance ability and the value and attitude towards creativity, cultivate creativity with multiple intelligences as the structure, stress on the creativity process and taking pressure in the experience, and integrate creativity into course teaching. Using experimental design model for this study, 202 art major students of a university in China, as the experimental subjects, are preceded the 18-week (2 hours per week for total 36 hours) experimental teaching research. The research results show that 1.mind mapping approach would positively affect operation position performance, 2.mind mapping approach would positively affect creativity, and 3.operation position performance shows significant and positive effects on creativity. According to the results to propose discussions, it is expected to provide students with the learning strategy of creative thinking through teachers’ teaching model, cultivate students’ operation position performance and creativity on traditional Chinese painting with the system structure and divergent thinking of mind mapping symbolism, as well as actually apply to the artistic creation of traditional Chinese painting.

Impact of Multiple Job Demands on Chinese University Teachers’ Turnover Intentions

Teacher turnover presents a significant challenge in education. Despite recognizing the importance of examining turnover intention to address this issue, exploring the interplay between multiple job demands and turnover intention is lacking within the framework of the job demands-resources theory. To fill this gap, the present study theoretically examined the relationship among personal resources (career adaptability), job burnout, turnover intention, and various job demands (teaching–research and work–family conflicts). Data were collected through an online survey of 875 Chinese university teachers, and the conceptual model was estimated using maximum likelihood estimation. The results revealed that work–family and teaching–research conflicts directly predict teachers’ turnover intentions and that job burnout mediates between multiple job demands and turnover intentions. Furthermore, career adaptability moderates the mediating role of burnout. These findings offer innovative ideas for mitigating and preventing faculty turnover intentions.

An interactive data-driven multiple-attribute decision-making technique via interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets for teaching quality evaluation in higher education

Improving the quality of higher education teaching is a systematic project. The improvement and formulation of relevant laws, regulations, and measures at the macro level are the minimum and specific requirements for the overall private universities, and are the basic guarantee for controlling the healthy and orderly development of universities. At the micro level, school management needs to focus on two aspects: leadership level construction and teacher level construction. Only by scientifically controlling the above issues and comprehensively considering them can the persistent problem of low teaching quality be fundamentally and gradually solved. In short, the construction of the quality assurance and evaluation system for higher education teaching in China is still in the initial stage of development. Therefore, universities should start from the guarantee and evaluation system to promote the construction of teaching process monitoring and evaluation systems, and improve the level of education and teaching quality on the basis of highlighting higher education teaching reform and research. The teaching quality evaluation of higher education in the era of artificial intelligence is a MADM. In this study, in light with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy Hamacher interactive hybrid weighted geometric (IVIFHIHWG) technique and induced OWG (I-OWG) technique, the induced IVIFHIHWG (I-IVIFHIHWG) technique is administrated. Then, the I-IVIFHIHWG technique is exploited to manage the MADM under IVIFSs. Finally, the numerical example for teaching quality evaluation of higher education in the era of artificial intelligence is exploited to verify the I-IVIFHIHWG technique. Thus, the main research contributions are administrated: (1) the I-IVIFHIHWG technique is administrated in line with the IVIFHIHWG and I-OWG technique; (2) the I-IVIFHIHWG technique is exploited to manage the MADM under IVIFSs; (3) the numerical example for teaching quality evaluation of higher education in the era of artificial intelligence and some comparative studies were exploited to verify the I-IVIFHIHWG technique.

A Comparison of Explicit and Implicit Approaches to EAP Teaching to Postgraduate Students

The present study aims to explore the role of explicit and implicit approaches in developing pragmatic competence in postgraduate students as part of the Foreign Language course. 32 students were divided into two groups depending on the type of teaching approach for six weeks of instruction. Research proposals written by each group after the interventions were examined with the aim of comparing the employment of pragmatic features such as stance-taking resources and their frequencies. In order to investigate the effects of stance-taking instruction, this study adopted a combination of quantitative and interpretative analysis methods. The results revealed significant differences in the use of stance resources by the postgraduate students exposed to explicit vs implicit instruction. In terms of compliance with the academic writing norms, the explicit instruction was found to be more effective than the implicit one. The analysis found that while the explicit group tended to mitigate their claims and hide authorial presence, the students exposed to the implicit instruction expressed stronger commitments to propositional content and showed writer visibility in the text, which considers to be inappropriate in English-language academic writing. The findings point to important considerations for EAP teaching and future research into academic discourse and contribute to previous studies of the benefits of instruction in the development of pragmatic competence. The results may be employed by curriculum designers to create materials for L2 writers and EAP instructors in their teaching practice.

Improvement Strategy of Higher Education Governance in China -- Based on the Perspective of Humanized Management of University Teachers

China s higher education has stepped from the popularization stage to the popularization stage. Therefore, the improvement of teaching quality in colleges and universities is crucial.At present, there are many problems in the quality of higher education in China, and the improvement of higher education quality is imminent. Teachers are the main body of teaching and scientifc research in colleges and universi-ties, and the main force of cultivating talents and knowledge accumulation and innovation in colleges and universities. The passive working state is not conducive to the full play of teachers creativity and the performance of the basic functions of colleges and universities. It is par-ticularly important to study how to promote the quality improvement of higher education from the perspective of humanized management of college teachers.

Artificial intelligence techniques as an indicator of knowledge management and information Monitoring in higher education in Algeria: a field study at the University of Tamanghasset

The roles of higher education institutions are based on managing and monitoring access to knowledge and its sharing among individuals with the aim of development and innovation to serve scientific, cultural and economic development, to perform the roles, higher education institutions respond to the requirements of modern technical growth in their fields of activity by overcoming the difficulties that hinder relations between those involved in their activities, and perhaps artificial intelligence techniques is one of the modern technologies that contribute to the tasks of managing access to knowledge and monitoring its sharing among individuals. The field study aims to highlight the level of knowledge management and information monitoring among educational staff in higher education in Algeria by measuring their use of artificial intelligence techniques in teaching and scientific research activities, a descriptive analytical approach was used on a sample consisting of 70 professors distributed among five colleges at the University of Tamanghasset (College of Humanities and Social Sciences 18 professors, College of Legal and Political Sciences 13 professors, College of Economics and Management Sciences 14 professors, College of Science and Technology 13 professors, College of Arts and Languages 12 professors). The study concluded that knowledge management and information monitoring in higher education is a vital activity within the scientific and technological environment in the University of Tamanghasset that contributes to enriching the practices and uses of artificial intelligence techniques with a moderate positive correlation, the study recommended the necessity of conducting field studies and questionnaires to identify more comprehensive level that includes the administrative side and the student side with including the institution's research centers and laboratories and organizations surrounding university in the process, in addition conducting analytical studies to data and statistics related to the use of artificial intelligence techniques and their negative impact on various educational and research aspects, while working to strengthen information systems based on artificial intelligence.

An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of University Teachers' Teaching or Scientific Research Cooperation among the Learning Community

An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of University Teachers' Teaching or Scientific Research Cooperation among the Learning Community

STEM in Mathematics Teaching and Learning: A Bibliometric Analysis

STEM education, which integrates science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, has become increasingly important in modern education. This study aims to present a bibliometric analysis of STEM in mathematics teaching and learning topics published in the Scopus database. The data used in this study amounted to 1,787 articles published from 2013 to 2023. This research uses reference management software, namely Publish or Perish for data collection, Microsoft Excel for data analysis, RStudio, and VOSviewer for data visualization. The results showed that STEM in mathematics teaching and learning research increased consistently from 2013 to 2023, with some years experiencing a greater increase than others. A significant increase occurred in 2019–2020. The United States is the most productive country in terms of publications. Yuenyong, C., has the most publications, and Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia is the organization with the most publications. Keywords that are widely used through WordCloud include "students," "STEM education," and "engineering education." Therefore, these findings can serve as a guide for future researchers to conduct relevant research using STEM in mathematics teaching and learning.

Characteristics, Challenges, and Resolutions in Architectural Design Courses within Chinese Vocational Undergraduate Education

The architectural design course should focus on reflecting the characteristics that vocational undergraduate architectural design courses should possess: by improving the teaching requirements, expanding the curriculum system, and adjusting teaching methods, the course should reflect high-level characteristics; By constructing a content framework for career design and organically integrating career theory, the course highlights its professionalism; By reshaping course objectives, reconstructing course content, and transforming course delivery methods, this course demonstrates innovation. At present, the course is facing practical difficulties such as the lack of teaching guidelines or curriculum standards, support from teaching and research achievements, and support from teaching resources. It is necessary to steadily improve the quality and teaching effectiveness of vocational undergraduate education architectural design courses by leveraging the educational function of the course, consolidating teaching research, writing new textbooks, and improving teacher abilities.

The Significance of China’s Education and Teaching Research System: A Key Driver of Chinese Basic Education

China has the largest-scale education system in the world. Its five-level education and teaching research system has had far-reaching effects in promoting its basic education, enhancing the quality of education, and upgrading the nation’s talent pool. The system has been in constant improvement, playing an irreplaceable role in school and teacher development and the national curriculum reform. This article focuses on discussing the significance of this unique research system, with a view to providing valuable insights for sustaining development of education worldwide.

THE FEASIBILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF LIFE SCIENCE IN STEM PRACTICAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Building 21st-century life science skills requires educating participants according to STEM abilities. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the effectiveness and feasibility of the STEM ability assessment framework in the practical learning environment. The study uses STEM coffee preparation experiential activity with a Royal Belgian siphon pot to construct a learning environment in the classroom. The study also develops two assessment instruments, a knowledge concept questionnaire, and an entrepreneurial scientific thinking scale, to examine their effectiveness and feasibility in the STEM learning environment. The results of the content validity index reveal the value of good-grade literature for two questionnaires. Kendall's coefficient of concordance (ω) of the four reviewers' responses shows that the inter-rater reliability of the two questionnaires reaches a better level. The Chi-square test found that this STEM learning environment is feasible and effective and will help the participants assess their STEM abilities. The entrepreneurial scientific thinking for preparing beverages of life science is rich in viability and efficacy for instrument creation and assessment. Future research lengthened the extraction process while also improving consistency. Last but not least, more teaching practices and research designs are available. However, the goal is for learners' STEM aptitude to increase practice depth. Keywords: effectiveness and feasibility, entrepreneurial scientific thinking, life science, Royal Belgian siphon pot, STEM education