Dietary supplements are products used to supplement individuals' nutrition and prevent nutritional deficiencies, and the importance of their correct and informed use is increasing. Understanding the purpose, method, and frequency of use of these products, which are becoming increasingly popular among young adults and university students, is essential to ensure their safe and effective use. This study aimed to assess university students' knowledge level regarding dietary supplements. This cross-sectional study was conducted with students enrolled in different departments at five different universities in Konya province in the 2023-2024 academic year. Research data were collected via an online survey using the snowball sampling method and obtained from 272 participants. A significance level of p <0.05 was accepted in all analyses. Fifty-eight point one percent of participants used dietary supplements, with the most common purpose being to support adequate and balanced nutrition and prevent iron deficiency. Dietary supplements are generally consumed in tablet form, and their use mostly occurs based on a doctor's recommendation. Participants who did not use supplements mostly stated that they did not need them or that they obtained the nutrients from their diet. Frequency of use and types of supplements varied; multivitamins and vitamin D were used “every day,” while biotin and calcium were mostly preferred “once a week.” Participants' knowledge level regarding nutritional supplements was limited, with a particular lack of information observed regarding proper use, content information, and side effects. In conclusion, university students' knowledge level regarding nutritional supplements was found to be limited. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating dietary supplement awareness into daily life. Evidence-based information should be provided to the public for safe and informed use, and targeted education programs should be planned. Furthermore, using these products only upon the recommendation of healthcare professionals will reduce potential health risks

This research aims to analyze the relationship between brand image and visiting decisions, digital marketing and visiting decisions, and brand image with digital marketing. This research method is quantitative through surveys, research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires to 489 tourism industry managers who were selected using a simple random sampling method, and the online questionnaire was designed using statement items with a Likert scale of 1 to 7. Data analysis used a structural equation model based on covariance (CB-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0 software to analyze research data. The independent variables are brand image and digital marketing, and the dependent variable is the decision to visit. The stages of data analysis are validity testing, reliability testing, model suitability testing and significance testing of hypothesis testing. The results of this research are that brand image has a positive and significant relationship with the decision to visit, digital marketing has a positive and significant relationship with the decision to visit, and brand image has a positive and significant relationship with digital marketing. Based on the results of this research, several suggestions can be made that tourism must explore the potential of various digital marketing channels. From the results of this research, the channel with the lowest contribution is the presence on social media which is still very minimal and the quality of the newsletter is less attractive. The researcher's next suggestion is to take advantage of the marketing potential of social media. Tourism does not only rely on guest recommendations to get the next guests but must be more active in various marketing efforts, especially digital marketing because the enormous potential in disseminating information about tourism's unique selling points through digital media is unlimited.

Optimizing super-feature selection for machine learning-enhanced spectroscopic analysis in biomedical research.

Identification, mycotoxigenic ability and biosynthesis genes of Alternaria spp. from apples in China.

Currently, there are Data Mining techniques aimed at increasing the accuracy of the information and the agility in the analysis. These are applied in the productive sector to characterize behaviors, based on the discovery of knowledge and, in this way, base decision-making in real and dynamic situations. Artificial intelligence (AI) drives research methods and data mining techniques for knowledge acquisition. For its use, the life cycle of data mining projects is followed, which involves stages of extraction, cleaning, preparation and transformation, modeling, and data evaluation. However, it is important to consider a feasibility study for data mining projects, with the objective of positively impacting organizations, by minimizing costly errors and guaranteeing an efficient distribution of resources, as well as the decision on the continuity of a project. This article presents a Machine Learning method to carry out feasibility in data mining projects, seeking to impact organizations by minimizing costly errors and guaranteeing an efficient distribution of resources.

Ocular trauma is a major cause of monocular blindness. Early and timely reporting is essential for favorable visual outcomes. This study examines health-seeking behaviors in ocular trauma cases, with a focus on traumatic cataracts. Single-center study in Western Central India. This retrospective study included all first-time traumatic cataract surgeries (previously operated cases excluded) performed between 2009 and 2022. Data from electronic medical records, including demographic and clinical details, were entered into pre-tested online forms, exported to Excel, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were applied, with P < 0.05 considered significant. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). A total of 2,093 eyes of 2,093 patients. Of the cohort, 1,473 (70.3%) were male and 620 (29.6%) female, median age 25 years; 39.4% were pediatric cases. The median interval between trauma and first consultation was 15 days; only 17.2% presented within 24 hours. Reporting interval significantly affected visual outcomes (P = 0.000). Most patients (91%) were from rural areas, and 86.3% were from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Pre- and post-surgical vision showed significant improvement, though delayed reporting reduced the gains. Main reasons for late presentation were lack of awareness, underestimation of severity, ignorance of primary care availability, and financial barriers. Delayed reporting after ocular trauma leads to poorer visual outcomes. Community counseling and awareness programs for patients, caregivers, and healthcare workers are essential. Promoting early reporting can substantially reduce preventable blindness due to ocular trauma. Data Access Statement: Research data supporting this publication are available from the NN repository located at www.NNN.org/download.

This study aims to identify and analyze the role of corporate governance in controlling the implementation of SDGs in companies. This study uses a qualitative approach using a systematic literature review with several stages starting from formulating research questions, collecting research data, analyzing research data, and describing research results. This research data is articles published in international journals indexed by Scopus. The results of previous studies mostly concluded that the presence of a board of commissioners has a positive effect on the implementation of SDGs in companies. Second, the role of the audit committee is very important for the implementation of SDGs for both large and small companies. The third conclusion is that internal auditors and KAP must be at the forefront to improve manager performance to be able to improve the performance of SDG implementation

Objective. The purpose of the study is to elaborate on the conceptual foundations for the effective development of the open Science ecosystem by university libraries in Ukraine. The research demonstrates that the unique potential of university libraries enables them to effectively shape all components of the Open Science ecosystem, thereby promoting Ukraine’s accelerated integration into the European Research Area. Methods. The study employed the methods of observation, generalization, comparison, content analysis of the official websites of leading Ukrainian universities and their libraries, statistical and mathematical methods, as well as systemic and socio-communicative approaches. Results. The study identified the incorporation status of the highest-ranking universities of Ukraine into the European Research Area through the effectiveness of their libraries in developing basic components of the Open Science ecosystem. The research clarified the necessity to intensify activities of the university libraries in creating research data repositories and forming a data management culture among scientists as a crucial element of Open Science. Conclusions. University libraries possess strong resources and human potential to enhance the effectiveness for developing the core components of the Open Science ecosystem (i.e., open access to publications; open research data; education and skills; research responsibility and integrity; research performance evaluation; citizen science). Systematic formation, promotion, and use of the Open Science resources and tools by university libraries are essential conditions for the effective development of their ecosystem and for the improvement of Ukrainian higher education institutions’ productivity and quality of research activities.

This research aims to examine the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism and the consumption of local gastronomic products in hospitality establishments. Ethnocentric tendencies influence individuals to develop negative attitudes toward foreign-origin products and positive attitudes toward domestic ones. This tendency significantly affects the preference for local gastronomic elements offered within the hospitality industry. The study further investigates whether participants’ ethnocentric tendencies and motivations for local food consumption differ significantly across socio-demographic variables. Research data were analyzed using quantitative methods, including correlation, regression, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent sample t-tests. Empirical findings revealed a statistically significant, strong, and positive correlation between consumer ethnocentrism and local food consumption. Socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and income also significantly influenced ethnocentric attitudes and preferences toward local gastronomic products. These results provide valuable insights for promoting local products, designing marketing strategies, and segmenting consumers in the hospitality sector. The motivation for consuming local gastronomic products is not solely nutritional but also socio-cultural and identity-driven. In this context, the study contributes theoretical value to academic literature and offers practical implications for industry applications.

The authors of the articles in this issue of the journal, answering the question: ‘Can the future of HEI libraries be predicted, or will it remain turbulent and uncertain?’, undoubtedly add intrigue and interest for colleagues from different continents with their reflections, facts and predictions. A thematic analysis of the articles allows us to identify seven clusters with different content focuses: (1) Open science, open education and research data; (2) Digital transformation of libraries and infrastructures; (3) Libraries in times of war and crisis; (4) The educational and pedagogical role of higher education libraries; (5) Communications, social media and user behaviour; (6) Cultural heritage, collections and periodicals; (7) Management, policies and inter-institutional cooperation. An analysis of the publications presented in issue No. 10 of the journal ‘University Library at a new stage of social communications development’ (UniLibNSD 2025) suggests that the transformation of higher education libraries in different countries during this turbulent time of change is twofold. On the one hand, it is predictable: in terms of open science, digitisation, repository development, research data management, information and digital literacy. These areas are shaped by international policies, technological trends and the expectations of the academic community. On the other hand, the transformation is taking place in conditions of turbulent uncertainty caused by war, crises, resource inequality, the rapid development of artificial intelligence, and changes in users' information behaviour. Thus, the modern library of a higher education institution in any country is developing at the intersection of predictable transformation and turbulent reality, where its stability is determined by its ability to simultaneously: first, systematically implement changes and integrate them into the institutional model; second, respond quickly to unpredictable challenges.

This study aims to examine the application of the Decision Tree method in predicting poverty levels in Indonesia using the RapidMiner software. Poverty is a complex issue influenced by social, economic, and educational factors. Through a data mining approach, this research seeks to identify patterns within poverty data to support more accurate decision-making. The research data were obtained from the public platform Kaggle and include key variables such as individual expenditure, the Human Development Index (HDI), average study time, access to proper sanitation and safe drinking water, as well as the open unemployment rate. The results show that the Decision Tree model achieved an accuracy of 94.90%, with a precision of 95.24% and a recall of 93.75%, based on the confusion matrix. The use of RapidMiner also facilitates the analysis, as the results are presented visually and are easy to understand. This model is recommended for implementation in government information

The purpose of the research is to examine the views of coaches on the values gained through sports education and the value change in sports. The research has been conducted with the interview method, which is one of the qualitative research designs. Non-probability sampling methods have been used in the research and the research group has been formed with the maximum variation sampling which is included in the purposive sampling methods. 25 coaches working in different sports branches at 3rd, 4th and 5th ranks took part in the research group. The research data have been collected with a semi-structured interview form and the data have been evaluated with the content analysis method. As a result of the research, it has been concluded that sport is a rich resource in terms of values education with the contributions it provides to the individual both in the practical and instructive stages.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of heart failure and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. However, data on mortality trends and disparities in DCM mortality in the United States are limited. The objective of this study is to define trends and demographic and regional disparities in DCM-related mortality in the United States. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for epidemiological Research were analyzed from 2004 to 2022 for DCM-related mortality in the US population >15 years. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100 000 people and associated annual percent changes were analyzed using Joinpoint regression analysis. Mortality trends were stratified by sex, race and ethnicity, age group, census region, urbanization classification, and state. Between 2004 and 2022, 138 076 DCM-related deaths were reported in the study population. The AAMR decreased from 4.41 in 2004 to 1.98 in 2019 with an Average annual percentage change of -5.09 (95% CI, -5.40 to -4.86), after which it increased slightly to 2.22 in 2021. Men consistently had 2- to 2.5-fold higher AAMR compared with women. Non-Hispanic Black or Black people had the highest AAMR. The highest mortality rate during the study period was seen in the older population (age≥75 years). Regionally, the Midwest and South had the highest AAMR in 2004, which was overtaken by the West US after 2010. Rural-urban areas had similar AAMRs for most years. DCM-related mortality decreased over the past 2 decades, with a slight increase observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the decreasing trend, sex and racial disparities persisted, with men and Black people having the highest AAMR, whereas regional disparities changed, with the Midwest and South census regions showing an improvement compared with the West of the United States.

Missing data in medical research: A practical guide to identification and management

ABSTRACT Characterizing the mechanical behavior of natural fibers presents unique statistical challenges. In our study, 82% of the initial datasets (n = 35) exhibited non-normality (Shapiro-Wilk p < .05). Tensile tests using an Instron 5969 machine provided stress (120–450 MPa), strain (5–25%), and modulus (3–28 GPa) data requiring careful transformation. We evaluated four methods – logarithmic, square root, Box-Cox (optimal λ = 0.32), and Johnson – with Box-Cox showing the best performance for modulus (89% normality). Overall, 68% of datasets achieved acceptable normality (p > .05), though extreme λ values (−1 or 2) reduced physical interpretability. Skewness also had to remain below 0.5 to ensure valid microstructure correlations. The novelty of this work lies in the creation of a tailored statistical protocol that balances transformation efficiency with material relevance. By integrating multiple validation tests (Q-Q plots, Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov) and ensuring a coefficient of variation below 15%, we provide a robust, reproducible method for natural fiber analysis. This approach enhances both the statistical reliability and practical usability of mechanical data in sustainable materials research.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia in the absence of another cause. Our aim is to analyze mortality trends related to ITP in the United States (US) population from 1999 to 2022. Methods: We extracted age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 population for ITP-related deaths in the United States from 1999 to 2022 using the CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) database from 1999 to 2022. AAMRs were stratified by year, gender, race or ethnicity, and geographical distribution. Joinpoint regression was used to calculate annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) through the Joinpoint Regression Program (V 5.1.0, National Cancer Institute). Results: From 1999 to 2022, a total of 17,069 ITP-related deaths occurred in the US. Males exhibited a higher overall AAMR (0.22) in comparison to females (0.17). NH Whites exhibited the highest overall AAMR (0.20). Stratification by geographical location revealed non-metropolitan areas to have a higher overall AAMR (0.24) than metropolitan areas (0.19). The Midwest exhibited the highest overall AAMR (0.22). Vermont (0.37), Rhode Island (0.35), and North Dakota (0.32) were among the states with the highest overall AAMR, whereas states on the other end of the spectrum included Nevada (0.13), the District of Columbia (0.14) and Louisiana (0.15). Conclusion: The disparities identified in our analysis, particularly among NH Whites, the elderly, and residents of the Midwest and rural areas, suggest underlying healthcare access issues, potential genetic predispositions, and regional differences in treatment strategies.

Objective. The purpose of this article is to present information literacy integration into university curriculum at all levels and to provide insights into how artificial intelligence is changing information retrieval and information behaviour. Methods. The methodology used in this article was a case study. As a case analysed Kaunas University of Technology information literacy integration into all study levels. The literature review, analysis of documents, and results of students' surveys were used as methods to collect data and gain a more in-depth understanding of certain issues of a targeted group of individuals. Results. The library plays a key role in supporting the development of information literacy at all levels of study. In order to strengthen collaboration with academics and assist students in developing information literacy skills, new positions were established in the library, such as subject librarians and data librarians. Information literacy (IL) training is fully integrated into all levels of study. Bachelor and master’s students receive six hours of compulsory IL training, while doctoral students take an optional course in Research Data Management (RDM). University students, researchers, and academic staff can improve their information literacy skills by participating in stand-alone training courses provided by the library. The library also offers Moodle-based self-paced courses in Lithuanian and English, as well as training on artificial intelligence tools and ethical information use. Students rate the training courses high value and very high value the competence of librarians in delivering training and providing assistance on various information literacy issues. Conclusions. Integration of information literacy training across all levels of university study programmes is essential to prepare students for academic and professional success in an information-rich society. Libraries play a key role as educators, facilitators, partners, and resource providers in this endeavour. A disciplinary and developmental approach ensures that IL skills are relevant, meaningful, and effectively embedded within the curriculum. The content and scope of information literacy education must be improved in line with the emergence and development of information technology and artificial intelligence. By adopting strategic, collaborative, and innovative practices, universities can cultivate a culture of information competence that benefits students throughout their academic journey and beyond.

Indonesian cocoa is leading commodity that is able to export to other countries such as Malaysia. Exporting countries compete with each other for the Malaysian market, even though world demand for cocoa beans continues to increase. The study aims to identify the competitive position, elasticity, and market structure of Indonesian cocoa beans and exporting countries in the Malaysian market. The research data source is secondary from ITC Trade Map, from January 2017 to December 2023. The variables used are the value and quantity of cocoa bean exports from 8 exporting countries in Malaysia. The analytical used are Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) approach to determine level of competition and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and Concentration Ratio (CR) analyses to see market structure. The results of the HHI show that cocoa bean exports in the Malaysian have a high degree of market concentration, with CR4 reaching 71% and CR8 reaching 91%. The AIDS results that expenditure elasticity is negative, indicating that Indonesian cocoa beans are inferior good. The elasticity itself is negative, indicating that Indonesian cocoa beans are inelastic. Cross price elasticity, Indonesia has substitution relationship with Ecuador, Ghana, and Cameroon, and complementary relationship with Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Papua NG, and Uganda.

Whether statins benefit patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with low predicted 10-year cardiovascular risk is uncertain. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of statin initiation for primary prevention among adults with T2DM stratified by predicted 10-year risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cohort study using target trial emulation. U.K. primary care using the IQVIA Medical Research Data database. Persons aged 25 to 84 years with a diagnosis of T2DM between 2005 and 2016 and no history of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, myopathy, liver disease, rheumatic heart disease, schizophrenia, or cancer. Statin initiation versus noninitiation, with estimation of the observational analogues of the intention-to-treat effect. Statin initiators were propensity score-matched to noninitiators in a 1:4 ratio within 4 QRISK3 strata of 10-year predicted cardiovascular risk: low (<10%), intermediate (10% to 19%), high (20% to 29%), and very high (≥30%). Absolute risk differences (RDs) and risk ratios (RRs) at 10 years of follow-up for all-cause mortality and major CVD, as well as myopathy and liver dysfunction. Statin initiation was associated with reductions in all-cause mortality and major CVD across QRISK3 strata. In the low-risk stratum, RDs and RRs were -0.53% (95% CI, -0.90% to -0.08%) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.97), respectively, for all-cause mortality and -0.83% (95% CI, -1.28% to -0.34%) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.66 to 0.91), respectively, for major CVD. A small increased risk for myopathy was observed in the moderate-risk stratum only, and there was no associated increased risk for liver dysfunction in any stratum. Unmeasured confounding and underascertainment of some hospitalization outcomes. Statin use in T2DM for primary prevention was associated with reductions in all-cause mortality and major CVD across the full spectrum of predicted cardiovascular risk. National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Abstract With the move towards open research information, the DOI registration agency DataCite is increasingly used as a source for metadata describing research data, for example to perform scientometric analyses. However, there is a lack of research on how DataCite metadata describing research data are created and maintained. This paper adresses this gap by using DataCite metadata provenance information to analyze the overall prevalence and patterns of change to DataCite metadata records. Metadata change was observed for 12.18 % of metadata records in the sample, and change tends to be incremental and not extensive. DataCite metadata records offer reliable descriptions of datasets and are stable enough to be used in scientometric research. The rate of change differs from previous studies of metadata change in other contexts, suggesting that there are differences in metadata practices between research data repositories and more traditional cataloging environments. The observed changes do not seem to fully align with idealized conceptualizations of metadata creation and maintenance for research data. In particular, the data does not show that metadata records are maintained routinely and continuously. Metadata change also has a limited effect on metadata completeness.