Renewal Program Research Articles

Does the New National Cervical Screening Programme Guideline Detect Cases of High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions That Previously Would Have Been Missed?

The aim of this study was to determine the number of patients undergoing large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ), for biopsy-confirmed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), where the original cervical screening test (CST) reported oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) and negative liquid-based cytology (LBC). This reflects the number of patients where a LLETZ procedure would not have occurred under the previous guideline. Retrospective observational chart review of all patients (n = 477) who underwent LLETZ procedure in a single tertiary unit over a 36-month period. Prevalence of negative histopathology, positive margins, incidental cervical cancer, and accuracy of HSIL identification at colposcopy were measured. Diagnostic accuracy of HSIL diagnosis from initial colposcopic impression was calculated; factors influencing accuracy were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. There were no comparators. Of 477 LLETZs, 5.9% (n = 28) were for oncogenic HPV and normal LBC on referral CST. Demographics between the "study" (oncogenic HPV and normal LBC on referral CST) and the "standard" group were similar, except the study group was less likely to be using contraception (25% vs 47%, p = .023). In the study group, initial colposcopic cervical biopsy confirmed HSIL in 91.6% (n = 27) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 3.6% (n = 1). Histopathological analysis of LLETZ specimens confirmed HSIL in 20 patients (71.4%) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 2 (7.1%). No microinvasion was detected. The renewed National Cervical Screening Programme (NCSP), is detecting more "at risk" patients, predicted to lead to a further reduction in incidence of cervical cancer in adequately screened patients.

CFD analysis in investigating the impact of turbine blade number on the performance of hydro turbine

The demand for electrical energy in Indonesia is growing, and therefore more effort is required to fulfill this need. Indonesia has considerable hydropower potential due to its geographical location and climate, by utilizing areas that have this potential to support the government's renewable energy program to provide electricity to the community. Impeller turbines are one option in an effort to create renewable energy generation. In this study, a comparison of the number of turbine blades was carried out using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, three models are 11, 13, and 15 blade impeller turbines designed at water with a runner diameter of 200 mm, blade thickness of 2 mm and an angle of 30 degrees then simulated using Comsol Multiphysics against different water flow rates. The simulation results show that the 11-bladed turbine model I has better performance because it has a lower pressure value but has a better velocity value compared to the two models simulated

Smart age-friendly city in the context of seasonal migration of senior residents. The case of Benidorm

Benidorm is one of the most popular Spanish destinations for seasonal migrants, especially seniors, in the winter season. This article discusses the evolution of age-friendly smart cities in the context of the seasonal migration of the elderly on the example of Benidorm. Benidorm is one of the global leaders in implementing the concept of a smart city and a smart destination (SD) (Coban & Aydın, 2020). The aim of the article was to confront the urban renewal programs implemented in Benidorm with the concept of an age-friendly city according to the definition proposed by the WHO (2007). The concept of an age-friendly city and a smart destination was defined, and the presented results can assist European tourist destinations in targeting their urban renewable policies at seasonal migrants in response to the progressive aging of the population.

Energy, power, and greenhouse gas emissions for future transition scenarios

Under the pressure for new policy and socio-ecological transformation, this work evaluates the future (2020–2050) GHG emissions, considering a likely range of electric energy growth scenarios in the world’s current energy system. An integrated model accounts for different penetration strategies of renewable energies, technological advancements, and variations in the fuel/renewables mix. Data of actual renewable/fossil share, GHG emission factors, and technology indicators, as plant load factors, were assumed from the Italian scenario. The study reveals that regardless of the current electric energy demand for the future, the transition to a massive penetration share of renewables as unique GHG reduction strategy will only partially abate the level of GHGs, and the zero-emission targets are definitely not feasible. A relevant result is the evaluation of future green power capacity, to satisfy the worldwide electrical energy demand. The scenarios foresee an unprecedented rate of the installation of generation plants from renewable sources, accompanied by a steep year-by-year variation of the required power capacity in operation. This prediction, in the temporal front chosen for this survey, poses the problem of the technological readiness of many conversion technologies, which makes it difficult to guarantee that renewable penetration programs can be matched with their technical feasibility.

Sowing the seeds of change: Policy feedback and ratcheting up in South African energy policy

More ambitious and stringent policy intervention is required to accelerate the transition to renewable energy technologies. The ratcheting-up of policy ambition hinges on the political feasibility of policy change. Positive policy feedback can, in theory, enhance the political feasibility of ratcheting-up by creating pro-change constituencies and policy learning. To analyze the empirical mechanisms through which policy feedback operates, in this study, we analyze two energy policy instruments in South Africa. We examine how the Renewable Energy Independent Power Procurement Program (REIPPP), a renewable energy auction program for niche support, affected the re-design of the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP), a central energy planning instrument. We use a qualitative case study approach, drawing on a large dataset of policy documents, public consultation responses and expert interviews. We show that REIPPP, through mechanisms of largely positive interpretive and resource feedback, has increased the political feasibility of more ambitious, pro-renewable energy planning in IRP. Our case thus demonstrates positive political feedback from the market creation to the central planning policy instrument. The findings suggest that the temporal sequencing of (re-designing) policy instruments can, under certain conditions, enable dynamic ratcheting up of energy policy mixes and thus sow the seeds for major policy change.

Green Masquerade: Neo-liberalism, Extractive Renewable Energy Transitions, and the ‘Good’ Anthropocene in South Africa

This chapter examines the ‘green’ energy developments apparent in the South African government’s energy policy and renewable energy programme. In 2011, the South African government introduced the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme as a new policy imperative for electricity generation from renewable energy sources through publicprivate partnerships. The Programme has been hailed for attracting a huge amount of direct foreign investment in climate mitigation in South Africa. This chapter analyses the material nature of the Programme and the publicprivate partnership investment conditions, based on a case study of the Tsitsikamma Community Wind Farm in the Eastern Cape in South Africa, an electricity generation project initiated prior to the introduction of the Independent Power Producer renewable energy programme on community reclaimed land. This community was a willing partner in the wind energy investment partnership. Despite their inclusion in this techno-capitalist development project, however, the material well-being of members of this community remains unchanged, as does the degraded state of the commercial agricultural land involved. The chapter argues that the capitalist neo-liberal logic of alternative ‘green’ energy interventions in investment models such as this renewable energy programme is embedded in the machinations of the extractivist productivist model through ‘new’ forms of financialisaton for capital accumulation.

Satisfaction of medical students with the training program at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University

Background: From the academic year 2018-2019, the University of Medicine and Pharmacy has renewed the medical training program in the direction of integration based on competence. One of the mandatory criteria is to survey the satisfaction of medical students with the training program at the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, in order to validate the school’s training quality. A plethora of aspects of the training program was considered in this study, such as objectives and content of the training program, materials and facilities, teaching staff, organization of assessment, and counseling to support students. Objectives: 1) Surveying the fulfillment of medical students with the training program and 2) Finding out some factors related to student contentment with the training program. Materials and methods: Crosssectional descriptive study was applied to investigate the satisfaction of 847 medical students from 1st to 4th year at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy. The data retrieved from the Google form autocomplete toolkit consisted of 2 parts: general information and the satisfaction of medical students with the training program. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software. Partition system description was achieved by frequency and rate. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to evaluate the reliability of the satisfactory scale of students with the training quality and the model’s suitability. Linear regression was utilized to assess the correlation of the training quality factors with the satisfaction of students. Results: Overall, 87.8% of students are content with the renewed training program. The linear regression model shows that the students’ fulfillment is determined by lecturers, objectives and contents of the program, administrative organization (structure, evaluation, and support for students), and facility-related factors (materials and training facilities). Conclusions: The satisfaction rate of students reaches 87.8%. The degree of influence of these factors on the satisfaction of medical students with the training program at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy follows a descending order: (1) teaching staff, (2) objectives and content of the training program, (3) organizing, evaluating, and supporting students, (4) materials and facilities for training. Key words: satisfaction, medical students, university training, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy.

Techno-economic comparative analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems with and without battery energy storage system

ABSTRACT The hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) program was used to explore a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) (Version 3.14.0). Two combinations of HRES have been considered for the community load in Aruthra Nagar, Puducherry, India: i) Solar photovoltaic (PV)/wind/tidal/fuel-cell (with battery energy storage system (BESS)) and ii) PV/wind/tidal/fuel-cell(without BESS). When compared to other existing evolutionary approaches the proposed algorithm, Aquila optimizer (AQ), yields the best results. In addition, statistical analysis using MATLAB/SIMULINK yielded the results of the Friedman Ranking Test that demonstrated the proposed algorithm’s improved performance and robustness as AQ netted the first position in the test’s outcomes. Though the system in case 1 is more cost-effective with net present cost (NPC) (1,16,226.40$) and least levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is (0.3017) as compared to case 2’s NPC (1,26,152$) and LCOE (0.3287), but case 1 is more efficient in terms of power quality as the total harmonic distortion (THD) (0.06%) as compared with case 2 THD (30.31%) which is unacceptable according to IEEE-519 standard, (THD<5%). Hence, case 1 HRES is more viable for producing clean energy with effective storage and better power quality mitigation in order to monitor the whole distribution network.

Formation and Development of the National Education System in Turkey during the Period of Ataturk

The article considers the period of formation and development of the national education system of Turkey, which was considered the most important factor of the education system during Ataturk's period. In order for the newly created young state to be viable, it was necessary to equip the young generation with modern education and educate them in the national spirit. After that, with the declaration of the Republic of Turkey, the period of fundamental reconstruction in education policy began. Ataturk not only laid the foundations of the Republic, but was able to become a leader of national modernization. The most important of his reforms are his reform initiatives in the field of education. Between 1923 and 1938, these changes, which took years in some countries, took place very quickly in Turkey. Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, national, secular and modern education reforms began to be implemented gradually. Reforms implemented within the framework of education policy satisfied the basic needs of the society. The Law «On Unification of Education», adopted on the eve of the establishment of the Republic, revitalized the work of scientific institutions. Reforms of the alphabet, the system of national schools, and university education raised the educational and intellectual level of the country. Adoption of the law «On the unification of education» renewed school programs, created favorable conditions for the large number of foreign scientists to be attracted to universities, and the introduction of modern pedagogical technologies into the field of education. The article comprehensively examines the education system based on European science and education standards in Turkey, and analyzes modern foreign experience and proposed educational directions.

Describing Remembrance & Renewal: A Holistic Self-Care Program.

Background: Holistic care interventions include support for healthcare worker grief in a relationship-based care paradigm. Few programs support oncology healthcare worker grief and renewal prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: Describe "knowledge of" and "engagement with" a program about grief and resilience, Remembrance & Renewal (R&R). Method: An anonymous, electronic survey was available to healthcare workers at an academic, comprehensive cancer center. Demographic questions were analyzed against "knowledge of" and "engagement with." Results: Of 105 responding to "awareness of," 81 knew about R&R and 48 had "engaged with" the program. Statistically significant relationships between a characteristic and awareness were found for education (p = .03), setting (p < .01), and the frequency of learning about a death (p = .04). Statistically significant relationships between a characteristic and level of participation were found for profession (p = .02) and length of time in job (p = .03). Open-ended questions asked about impact of patient death (n = 93), barriers to participation (n = 54), and feelings after "engagement with" (n = 45). Responses to impact, barriers, and feelings were respectively: sadness (75.3%); time (77.8%); and calm (75.6%). Conclusion: This study describes "knowledge of" and "engagement with" a holistic grief and renewal program. Further study will add to healthcare worker holistic self-care.

Solar desalination: A review of recent developments in environmental, regulatory and economic issues

The aim of the current study was to provide a review of recent developments in solar desalination from the viewpoint of environmental, regulatory, and economic aspects. The analysis attempted to give better insight into the larger question of why more solar desalination plants are not being established by reviewing different technologies, drivers, barriers, and markets. Critical barriers which were dependent on the level of regional development were found to be uncertainty of government subsidies and a lack of regulatory policies. A new tool called a Pareto frontier may be utilized to generate optimal points in complex scenarios with a high number of variables. This all-inclusive method should be employed in any major decision-making process. Furthermore, in exciting innovative research studies, a sustainable Janus wood evaporator was developed that overcame many of the current solar desalination problems. While subsidies were crucial in the growth of renewable energy programs, barriers in deployment of solar desalination systems still exist such as low electricity tariff structures and fragmented energy policies. The overall trend was towards integration of renewable energy with conventional sources and energy storage systems.

On the adoption of stricter energy efficiency standards for residential air conditioners: Case study Guayaquil, Ecuador

Space cooling is the fastest-growing energy end-use in buildings worldwide, and Ecuador is no exception. Nevertheless, the last update of the Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for air conditioners was in 2013 (EER 3.2W/W); since then, no new standards have been proposed in Ecuador. This study is the first assessment of stricter MEPS and estimation of benefits for the consumers and society of the residential sector in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The life cycle cost, payback time, net present value, electricity savings, and CO2 mitigation are the outputs from the Policy Analysis Modeling System (PAMS) methodology followed. The analysis considers future economic scenarios until 2035. Also, a new engineering approach based on linear optimization defines ACs designs in compliance with the proposed MEPS at the lowest cost. Therefore we can avoid setting less ambitious energy-efficiency targets when efficiency options are limited in the market (this is the Ecuadorian case). The analyzed MEPS are those proposed by UNEP and by the renewal program of inefficient equipment of the Ecuadorian Government. Our estimates show that AC demand can reach 17.3% of the total residential electricity demand in the business-as-usual scenario and 21.4% in the high economic growth scenario until 2035.Furthermore, the results show a significant gap between the proposed MEPS which can be progressively bridged. The best standard from the consumer perspective is EER 4.3W/W, while from the societal perspective, it is EER 5.5W/W. Stricter MEPS can reduce AC electricity demand and energy-related emissions between 5.7% and 31%, depending on the selected scenario. Therefore, stricter MEPS for AC represents a cost-effective option to reduce energy needs and emissions from air conditioners and a concrete action to support the national energy efficiency policies and nationally determined contributions for the residential sector.

Feed-in tariffs and the carbon emission trading scheme under China's peak emission target: A dynamic CGE analysis for the development of renewable electricity

Thermal power industry is one of China's leading sources of carbon emissions. China has launched a national carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS) and renewable energy incentive programs to achieve its peak emission target by 2030. However, since 2021, China no longer provides a central feed-in tariff (FIT) for new centrally located solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants, commercial and industrially distributed PV projects, and newly approved onshore wind power projects. This change in policy may threaten China's carbon reduction targets and economic development. Using a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, we assess the combined effects of carbon ETS and FIT on China's electricity sector, carbon emission peak target, renewable energy and economic development. In terms of policy overlap and integration, we analyze the impact of these policies and estimate how to coordinate FIT and carbon ETS policies to ensure their effectiveness. Results show that the overall effects of FIT subsidies are superior to phasing-out FIT scenarios. The fiscal pressure caused by FIT is lower than its actual expenditure because it stimulates economic activity and boosts government revenue. However, considering the multiplier effect of the FIT on promoting government revenue growth and GDP growth, the most effective FIT should be terminated in 2025, followed by subsidies ending in 2030 and 2035.

Rise and Fall: Downtown Eugene’s Pedestrian Mall Experience and Retail Core Transformation

Downtown Eugene’s retail core transformed drastically after the institution of the pedestrian mall in 1971. The “Eugene Mall,” which was demolished across four stages between 1985 and 2002, was a part of the city’s federal urban renewal program of the late-1960s. This research examines (1) the reasons for the mall’s failure, (2) the displacement of retail businesses and brief rise and decline during the first phase of the mall’s existence (1971–1985), and (3) the resurgence of the downtown core through a shift in approach, specifically one that allowed diverse non-retail projects during its second phase (1986–2002).

A content analysis of port harcourt-based radio stations’ news frames on rivers state government's urban renewal programme

The power of narratives to shape public policy is supported in a variety of academic literature. In the mass media, the angles to these narratives are called frames. By framing issues in specific ways, an entity can identify underlying patterns and shape public opinion in a certain direction. Using four research objectives as a template, this study analysed Port Harcourt radio news frames (Nigeria Info 92.3 FM and Rhythm 93.7 FM) on the Rivers State government's Urban Renewal Programme. While the theoretical foundation of the study hinged on agenda setting, gatekeeping, and framing theories, the study relied on secondary data from the news bulletins of the selected radio stations. The population of the study consisted of 255 news items, which also served as the sample size, following the census sampling technique. The findings of the study revealed that though Nigeria Info 92.3FM covered the programme more than Rhythm 93.7 FM, a significant percentage of the time (114 times, or 52.5%), the programme was framed positively in the bulletins of the two radio stations, using two major frames, “development” and “politics”, and given prominence (49.8% of headlines and 80% of story length, measuring 16 seconds and above). In addition to the above, the quality of coverage was significantly high (72.1%), ranging from the mode of coverage to varying aspects of the programme reported. The study recommended that privately owned radio stations should do more coverage of government policies and programmes beyond the news platform and, at the same time, frame their stories in such a way to offer interpretation and context to the citizenry while holding the government and policy actors accountable.

Social Acceptance of Green Electricity: A Case Study in Putrajaya

In recent years, the majority of the renewable energy programmes and initiatives introduced have been industry and commercial centric. Little focus has been given by the government to domestic consumers’ acceptance. The concept of "social acceptance" is used to evaluate the readiness of the public in embracing renewable investments within their area. It is a tool to measure the attitude of citizens, either active or passive, towards different green products or technologies. This study aims to identify factors that influence the social acceptance of green electricity among consumers and, subsequently, the relationship between these factors. An empirical study was conducted on the residents of Putrajaya, involving 185 respondents. Descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation were used as analysis methods in this study. The results showed that attractiveness, compatibility, and reliability are the main factors that influence their intention to use green electricity. These results suggest that the respondents’ intention to use green electricity is not affected by their level of environmental knowledge or the cost of using green electricity.

About the Effect on the Environmental Efficiency of the Centralized Heat Supply Systems

The global production created by the mankind has an intensively increasing harmful effect on the environment. As a result, we are facing the problem of the saving of natural environment and now the global community tries to find solution for this environmental problem. The power generation sector is the most environmentally aggressive of all industry branches. Technical power engineering facilities differ by a high degree of complexity making it difficult to increase the level of their environmental friendliness. In particular, centralized heat supply systems are rather complicated and responsible components of the power engineering industry. These differ by a high level of environmental aggressiveness. Hence, these need to increase a degree of their environmental friendliness. The purpose of this research was to analyze the condition of the interaction of the power generating sector with the natural environment and search for harmonization solutions of available contradictions of such an interaction. An increase of the environmental friendliness of the worn-out power equipment used by centralized heat supply systems is a topical problem. The purpose of this scientific paper was to suggest a solution for the problem of the environmental interaction of the centralized heat supply systems with natural environment using an approach of their partial renewal. The most environmentally aggressive elements of these systems are the boiler plants that emit heat and harmful substances into the environment. Domestic boiler plants have completely been worn-out. Therefore, the development of the domestic boiler building industry is of vital importance. It will enable the production of modern boiler plants instead of worn-out boiler systems. This process is impeded at the moment by the insufficiency of available resources. Contemporary requirements to the technological level of the functioning efficiency of the centralized heat-supply systems are rather high, especially as for its environmental component. Available centralized heat-supply systems have low efficiency due to a high wear-out level of their elements on the whole. There is an urgent need for an increase in the efficiency of these systems. One of the available ways of such an increase in the efficiency is a partial renewal of the equipment. The program of the partial renewal of available boiler plants allows us to provide an appropriate increase in the environmental friendliness of the worn-out equipment used by centralized heat-supply systems. The coverage of the entire fleet of the equipment available for the centralized heat-supply systems by this partial renewal program will allow for an increase in the level of its ecological friendliness on the whole.

ANALISIS MODE SISTEM PEMBANGKIT HYBRID BERKELANJUTAN PLTMH-PLN DENGAN SOLAR CELL MENGGUNAKAN HELIOSCOPE DAN HOMER

This study aims to examine the total cost savings of PLN's electricity bill, which is quite high during the dry season, by using solar panels on a building's roof. The study took place at the PTPN VI Kayu Aro Tea Factory in Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province. Because using renewable energy sources is more complicated than using Microhydro resources, a Hybrid Optimization Model of Electric Renewable (HOMER) application program is required. This application program is used to determine the lowest Initial Cost, Cost Of Energy (COE), and Break Event Point (BEP) over a 25-year period. The Helioscope allows us to identify the required components, which are 164 330 wp solar panels, 2 Surette Rolls 4-Ks25p batteries, and 1 40000TL3-S hybrid inverter. According to the Hybrid Optimization Model of Electric Renewable (HOMER) analysis, the initial cost is IDR 1,049,620,000, the Cost of Energy (COE) is IDR 752/Kwh, and the Break Event Point (BEP) is for 24 years. The simulation results from optimizing the design of the Hybrid microhydro system, PLN with a continuous photovoltaic array show that the contribution of electrical energy produced by PLN is 11,856 kWh/year (16.3%) and solar cells is PV: 61,092 kWh/year (83.7%).

Промышленные кластеры как субъект эффективной отраслевой технологической инновационной системы

A serious obstacle to the innovative development and growth of many large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises is only the low level of their own financial capabilities, the weakness of state support for technological renewal programs, and the negative attitude of the banking sector of our economy to medium and long-term lending for development programs. A significant factor in successful innovation activity is the integration of its resource potential into technologically similar and similar in content production processes of industrial enterprises. These factors hinder the output of production to a new technological level, to rise from today's most common 3–4 technological order in the main manufacturing industries to a higher technological level, which allows expanding the most important tasks of industrial production – to increase labor productivity and achieve competitiveness in modern markets for industrial products. This article considers the technological innovation system, which is becoming more and more widespread, especially in foreign practice of innovative development, within the framework of an industrial cluster.

Papal and municipal authority in the city: house-destruction as a legal punishment in Renaissance Rome

Abstract This article focuses on house-destruction as a legal punishment, as prescribed and practised in Rome over the course of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. It argues that the reintroduction of the punishment by Pope Paul II (r. 1464–71), and its application by Pope Sixtus IV (r. 1471–84), should be read against contemporary papal attempts to increase their political and legal authority in the city, to the detriment of the authority wielded by municipal officials. By setting the Roman case against a wider chronological and geographical background, it also shows how it was representative of a broader European evolution, in which house-destruction was progressively abolished by municipal authorities, but continued to be practised by individuals holding more centralized power as a means to assert and display authority. Finally, it shows how house-destruction as a legal punishment was used as a political tool by Pope Sixtus IV alongside other practices of demolition as part of his urban renewal programme.