Remote People Research Articles

The importance of information access of cultural values to the principles of sustainable development in climate change

The importance of information access of cultural values to the principles of sustainable development in climate change

Telecommunication access business model options in Maluku and Papua, the less-favored business regions in Indonesia

PurposeThis paper aims to provide feasible business model options that benefit all stakeholders; the government, the investor and especially the inhabitants in Maluku and Papua, the less-favored business regions in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThree feasible business model options result from ICT for development literature, current role of the government, other models and investment scheme review, statistical analysis, technology analysis and investment simulations.FindingsThis paper proposes three different feasible business model options. The infrastructure subsidy model, which combines 20 per cent private investment and 80 per cent government subsidy, is the most feasible business model based on investment simulations. This model which combines 20 per cent private investment and 80 per cent government subsidy provides stronger determination of Indonesian Government for serving rural and remote people. The revenue subsidy and the mixed project subsidy are alternative models that may provide more attractive schemes from the standpoint of investors.Research limitations/implicationsHowever, current paper has limitation which is subject to enhance for better analysis in future research such as implementation of the in-depth assessment of risk management system to deal with all exposed risks.Practical implicationsThis paper provides that setting up a complete telecommunication access infrastructures in eastern Indonesia is feasible under new proposed models.Social implicationsThe new proposed models provide stronger determination of Indonesian Government for serving rural and remote people and minimizing the digital divide in eastern area.Originality/valueUnder the new proposed models, the role and capacity of the government is adjusted. The government should dominate and be less dependent on private investment. Also, the government should shift from triggering service penetration into developing a complete infrastructure set up.

Addressing the needs of rural and remote people in a national dementia strategy for Canada.

A number of organizations such as the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences have identified the growing need for a National Dementia Strategy in Canada to improve the quality of life for people with dementia. This commentary highlights the necessity of addressing stigma, social inclusion, and supports for people affected by dementia, specifically those living in rural and remote communities. Drawing on Saskatchewan-based examples, we discuss the importance of recognizing the unique needs of rural and remote communities in developing a National Dementia Strategy for Canada. We believe that a national strategy needs to be built from the ground up and not imposed from the top down. Only through the development of evidence-informed research and collaborative partnerships can we ensure that there is equitable access to services and supports for people with dementia in rural and remote communities.

Third Age Learning In Regional Australia

This paper explores the diversity of third age learning in regional and rural communities when people open themselves to new experiences and challenges in everyday life in two very different parts of South Australia’s Eyre Peninsula. One is Whyalla, an industrial city with a small university campus, and the other, largely rural Lower Eyre Peninsula focused on agriculture, fishing and aquaculture. Both communities have ageing populations above the state average. The paper is a synthesis of a number of research studies, conducted between 2000 and 2015, and has relevance for all concerned with the importance of learning throughout life, including educators, community organisations and service providers. While rural and regional communities may appear to have limited opportunities for formal education compared to large centres, community activities provide numerous, perhaps unique, learning venues and occasions for informal and non-formal learning, especially for older residents. Smaller, less diverse populations result in usually higher volunteering levels in social, economic and service organisations that provide many of the basic, essential and emergency services. Some organisations support the interests and needs of older residents, with various special interest groups providing opportunities for socialising and new learning opportunities that have individual and community benefits, fulfilling the aspirations of both. Supplementing these modes of learning are technologies enabling regional, rural and remote people to access formal education and training offered by open access colleges and universities.

Design and implementation of an advanced telemedicine model for the rural people of Bangladesh.

Telemedicine based healthcare service faces different difficulties especially in the remote people of Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to implement an advanced telemedicine model in order to provide the healthcare services for the rural people of Bangladesh. We developed the telemedicine model using an ardunio based low cost portable telemedicine tool kit by interfacing android application. Then we collected ECG, blood pressure, temperature, concentration of glucose in blood, SPO2, body position, airflow, height and weight through our developed model. Moreover, we designed a server for storing the recorded signal from the patients in order to treat them by health care professionals. Finally, this model is successfully tested with the patients of Marie Stopes Bangladesh Hospital Dhaka. We have removed noise from the recorded signal successfully through our developed hardware and software based techniques. Real time data were visualized to the expert doctor in order to prescribe them through our model. These results support that rural patient vital information can be collected in an automated way through the advanced model. Both rural and urban doctors can share and exchange patient information more effectively for the treatment of patient. The results of this research indicated that our developed telemedicine system can be used effectively in order to deliver healthcare services for the rural people of Bangladesh.

To Improve the E-learning System using Data Mining Technique with Internet of Thing Exposure

Nowadays, E-learning resources are developed by academician (institution) and industrialist (industry) side. there are many techniques is implemented to expose the E-learning for remote area people who are unable to adapt formal education system. However, current system is still suffering from content visualization, subject wise content classification and evaluation issues. To propose an E-Learning Content Retrieval & Visualization (ECRV) technique and it enhances the nature of materials and conveyance techniques. the method enforce to e-learning service provider for potential utilization of Internet of things (Iot) to gather information, which will be broke down to get data helpful for basic leadership to enhance the online content visualization for rural people and as well institution. The technique offers a proposition of a framework where information gathered from the Iot gadgets, it will be utilized to enable the instructive establishment's management to settle on educated choices. The method enhances strategies and suggestions for better arranging, checking, assessment, cost effectiveness, and along these lines enhancing nature of the learner. Based on experiment evaluation, proposed techniques improves the content visualization accuracy and content retrieval time compare than existing methods.

Crowdcasting

We designed and developed a "crowdcasting" prototype to enable remote people to participate in a live event through a collection of live streams coming from the event. Viewers could select from a choice of streams and interact with the streamer and other viewers through text comments and heart reactions. We deployed the prototype in three live events: a Winterfest holiday festival, a local Women's March, and the South by Southwest festival. We found that viewers actively switched among a choice of streams from the event and actively interacted with each other, especially through text comments. Streams of walking about among exhibits or city sights elicited more user interaction than streams of lectures. We observed that voluntary viewers had a wider variation in how long they viewed the event, and switched among streams less and had less interaction through text comments compared to viewers recruited through Mechanical Turk.

Economic and quality of care evaluation of dialysis service models in remote Australia: protocol for a mixed methods study

BackgroundAustralia’s Northern Territory (NT) has the country’s highest incidence and prevalence of kidney disease. Indigenous people from remote areas suffer the heaviest disease burden. Concerns regarding cost and sustainability limit the provision of dialysis treatments in remote areas and most Indigenous people requiring dialysis relocate to urban areas. However, this dislocation of people from their family, community and support networks may prove more costly when the broader health, societal and economic consequences for the individual, family and whole of government are considered.MethodsThe Dialysis Models of Care Study is a large cross organisation mixed methods study. It includes a retrospective (2000–2014) longitudinal data linkage study of two NT cohorts: Renal Cohort 1- comprising approximately 2000 adults who received dialysis and Renal Cohort 2- comprising approximately 400 children of those adults. Linkage of administrative data sets from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, NT Departments of Health, Housing and Education by a specialist third party (SA/NT Datalink) will enable extraction of activity, financial and outcome data. Interviews with patients, clinicians and service providers, using a snowball technique, will canvass relevant issues and assist in determining the full costs and impacts of the five most used dialysis Models of Care.DiscussionThe study uses a mixed methods approach to investigate the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of the full costs and outcomes associated with the choice of particular dialysis models of care for any given patient. The study includes a large data linkage component that for the first time links health, housing and education data to fully analyse and evaluate the impact on patients, their families and the broader community, resulting from the relocation of people for treatment. The study will generate a large amount of activity, financial and qualitative data that will investigate health costs less directly related to dialysis treatment, costs to government such as housing and/or education and the health, social and economic outcomes experienced by patients. This approach fills an evidence gap critical to health service planners.

‘Vagabond-language scrawled on gate-posts’: locating home in Evelyn Waugh’s travel writing

ABSTRACTThis essay establishes a framework for comparing Waugh's interwar travelogues with his fiction, by aligning the tropes of home and travel. I will propose that, in his travel writing, and figuratively speaking, Waugh never left England. His impulses to travel, and so his representations of ‘abroad’, are involved in an entrenched desire to find or create a home. Through readings of Brideshead Revisited, Black Mischief and Remote People, I examine the aporia emerging from a disjunction between the falsely presented factual places and half-imagined fictive places that span genres in Waugh's oeuvre. Heidegger's theorisation of dwelling offers a productive means of analysing the divide between home and homelessness in Waugh. I will suggest that a certain aspect of Waugh's writing – a ‘vagabond-language’ – destabilises the binaries of remoteness and the homely, the foreign and the native, with which his work is obsessed. Debbie Lisle’s investigation of geopolitical discourse will help an understanding of spatial representation in Waugh's work and the textuality of his constructions of home. Though Waugh could neither leave home, nor solve the overwhelming question of deracination for his time, his work encourages us to engage in the remoteness of home, and perhaps to find home in the remote.

Disease Identification using Concept and Feature Relationship Analysis for Remote Health Services

Internet provides various resources for Remote health services. Web based communication models are adapted to manage the interaction between the remote people with medical experts. Remote health services are provided in two ways. They are reputable portals and community based health services. Reputable portal provides information related to the health care domains. Community based health services are built to support in a particular way based on health care solutions for the patients. Community based health service models are applied to support disease identification process. Vocabulary and medical terminology are provided for the Patient and Doctor Communication. Medical concepts and diagnosis samples are required for the health services. Disease diagnosis is carried out with the question and answer communication data values. Disease identification is achieved using the sparse deep learning method. Local learning and global learning methods are adapted to analyse the raw features for signature identification process. Disease inferences are discovered using the sparse learning method. Sparse learning method is enhanced to identify the discriminatory features. Medical term relationships are discovered with the medical domain based Ontology. Decision making is carried out with the concept relationship measurements. Symptoms and their importance are also considered in the decision support process.

Reconceptualising risk: Perceptions of risk in rural and remote maternity service planning

Objectiveto explore perceptions and examples of risk related to pregnancy and childbirth in rural and remote Australia and how these influence the planning of maternity services. Designdata collection in this qualitative component of a mixed methods study included 88 semi-structured individual and group interviews (n=102), three focus groups (n=22) and one group information session (n=17). Researchers identified two categories of risk for exploration: health services risk (including clinical and corporate risks) and social risk (including cultural, emotional and financial risks). Data were aggregated and thematically analysed to identify perceptions and examples of risk related to each category. Settingfieldwork was conducted in four jurisdictions at nine sites in rural (n=3) and remote (n=6) Australia. Participants117 health service employees and 24 consumers. Measurements and findingsexamples and perceptions relating to each category of risk were identified from the data. Most medical practitioners and health service managers perceived clinical risks related to rural birthing services without access to caesarean section. Consumer participants were more likely to emphasise social risks arising from a lack of local birthing services. Key conclusionsour analysis demonstrated that the closure of services adds social risk, which exacerbates clinical risk. Analysis also highlighted that perceptions of clinical risk are privileged over social risk in decisions about rural and remote maternity service planning. Implications for practicea comprehensive analysis of risk that identifies how social and other forms of risk contribute to adverse clinical outcomes would benefit rural and remote people and their health services. Formal risk analyses should consider the risks associated with failure to provide birthing services in rural and remote communities as well as the risks of maintaining services.

Ethics of Posterity and its Implication for Sustainable Industrial Development

In contemporary philosophy, concern for sustainability of the world, especially in industry, has attracted engaging ethical debate. This owes to the conventional perception of the consciousness as a universal, objective or absolute requirement of justice, where living people are to preserve life’s vital resources for posterity on the basis of moral deontology or consequentialism. Because the posterity concerned consists more of remote future people and their world than immediate descendants, their present non-existence often constitutes a fundamental problem in rendering the argument and obligation plausible. There is the factual non-connection of posterity and their present obligers due to time-gap. Hence, treating the responsibility as an objective norm stands to be insu ffi cient in motivating the conduct. Individuals are not accorded su ffi cient personal or subjective inspiration to urge the responsibility. Consequently, various forms of practices that cannot sustain industrial survival inundate contemporary world. The situation worsens when industries are eventually led to liquidate. This essay is stimulated by a concern for this problem. It aims at adapting some aspects of Martin Heidegger’s theory of Being to articulate a more elemental and subjective theory of moral motivation for industrial sustainable development.

Telemedicine Supported Chronic Wound Tissue Prediction Using Classification Approaches.

Telemedicine helps to deliver health services electronically to patients with the advancement of communication systems and health informatics. Chronic wound (CW) detection and its healing rate assessment at remote distance is very much difficult due to unavailability of expert doctors. This problem generally affects older ageing people. So there is a need of better assessment facility to the remote people in telemedicine framework. Here we have proposed a CW tissue prediction and diagnosis under telemedicine framework to classify the tissue types using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The proposed telemedicine based wound tissue prediction (TWTP) model is able to identify wound tissue and correctly predict the wound status with a good degree of accuracy. The overall performance of the proposed wound tissue prediction methodology has been measured based on ground truth images. The proposed methodology will assist the clinicians to take better decision towards diagnosis of CW in terms of quantitative information of three types of tissue composition at low-resource set-up.

Collaboration in Augmented Reality

Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that allows users to view and interact in real time with virtual images seamlessly superimposed over the real world. AR systems can be used to create unique collaborative experiences. For example, co-located users can see shared 3D virtual objects that they interact with, or a user can annotate the live video view of a remote worker, enabling them to collaborate at a distance. The overall goal is to augment the face-to-face collaborative experience, or to enable remote people to feel that they are virtually co-located. In this special issue on collaboration in augmented reality, we begin with the visions of science fiction authors of future technologies that might significantly improve collaboration, then introduce research articles which describe progress towards these visions, finally we outline a research agenda discussing the work still to be done.

The river people in flood time: the civil wars in Tabasco, spoiler of empires

The River People in Flood Time tells the astonishing story of how the people of nineteenth-century Tabasco, Mexico, overcame impossible odds to expel foreign interventions. Tabascans resisted control by Mexico City, overcame the grip of a Cuban adventurer who seized the region for two years, turned back the United States Navy, and defeated the French Intervention of the early 1860s, thus remaining free territory while the rest of the nation struggled for four painful years under the imposed monarchy of Maximilian. With colorful anecdotes and biographical sketches, this deeply researched and masterfully written history reconstructs the lives and culture of the Tabascans, as well as their pre-Columbian and colonial past. Rugeley reveals how over the centuries, one colorful character after another sets foot on the Tabascan stage, only to be undone by climate, disease, and more than anything else, tenacious Tabascan resistance. Virtually the only English-language study of this little-known province, River People in Flood Time explores the ways in which geography, climate, and social relationships contributed to an extraordinarily successful defense against unwelcome meddling from the outside world. River People in Flood Time demonstrates the complex relationship between imperial forces in relation to remote parts of Latin America, and the way that resistance to external pressure helped mold the thoughts, attitudes, and actions of those remote peoples. Nineteenth-century Mexico was more a land of localities than a unified nation, and Rugeley's narrative paints an indelible portrait of one of its least known and most unique provinces.

Institutional vehicles for place-shaping in remote Australia

Some communities in remote Australia represent the most impoverished people in the country, with the problem especially acute amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. Effective remedial intervention is often undermined by the absence of democratically elected, local government institutions. Place-shaping as a developmental process enables local people to become agents of change, and thereby self-determine and shape their places for the future. This paper considers the different institutional structures which could underpin place-shaping in remote settlements. Drawing on a range of governance structures, an emphasis on less traditional entities and polity-forming bodies may better serve the interests of remote people.

Driving down injuries and deaths on country roads

The National Road Safety Strategy 2011–2020 stipulates that by 2020, Australia should aim to achieve a 30% reduction in the number of serious injuries and deaths on our roads each year.1 People in rural and remote areas are significantly overrepresented in these numbers, meaning that road safety in the bush should be a particular focus for policymakers and researchers. The rate of serious road-related injury among those living outside major cities is nearly twice that of those living within them.2 Country people are also more than three times more likely to die as a result of a transport accident than their city cousins.3 The difference in outcomes for city and country people is particularly marked among young men; the death rate in transport-related accidents for young men aged 20–24 years living in the country is nearly four times higher than it is for those in the city.4 These startling statistics can be attributed to a combination of factors, such as vehicle and road characteristics, transport habits, perceptions of risk and law enforcement rates. In country areas, for example, road conditions are more varied. Compared with urban areas, there are more dirt roads, more hazardous roadsides and generally poorer road geometry. There is a greater likelihood of colliding with livestock and wildlife, and more heavy agriculture and mining vehicles on the road. People in rural and remote areas also tend to travel longer distances than city people, and this places them at higher risk of fatigue and accidents. They generally travel at higher speeds and, as a consequence, have a greater risk of serious injury or fatality in the event of a crash.5, 6 They also tend to travel in vehicles that are not as safe as those used by city people. The lower socio-economic status of people in rural and remote areas may mean that they own older vehicles (meaning fewer safety features), and may give vehicle maintenance a lower priority. The poorer condition of country roads also contributes to faster rates of deterioration of vehicles. Crashes in remote areas are also more likely to involve an unlicensed driver/rider. This in part reflects the lower levels of licence ownership.7 Research also shows that there is much that can be done to improve road safety in rural and remote areas. Improvements to the physical features of rural roads, such as removing roadside hazards and having clearer road markings, have been shown to reduce the frequency and severity of rural road crashes. Expanding public and community transport options can provide a safe alternative to drink driving, driving without a license and driving while fatigued, and prevent vehicle overcrowding – all factors that contribute to road accidents. Ensuring that education programs are tailored to the specific needs of rural and remote people, and delivered through channels by which they normally receive their messages, is another important way of reducing risk behaviours, particularly among young men. Investment in better roads also has the potential to have a direct impact on rural people's access to the health system, and therefore their health and well-being. With better roads, country people will be able to get to primary care and rehabilitation services more easily, and this may lead to better chronic disease prevention and management for people in the bush. With better roads, patient retrievals and patient transfers between facilities and the supply of essential medicines and equipment will all be quicker, and this may contribute to better health outcomes for acutely unwell people. Improving road infrastructure also has the potential to make it easier for health professionals to get to country areas – for example, locums and drive-in, drive-out workers – and therefore may help address the chronic workforce shortages in rural and remote Australia. The Senate Standing Committee on Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport is currently holding an inquiry into aspects of road safety in Australia. The National Rural Health Alliance will make a submission to the inquiry and closely monitor its implications for the people of rural and remote Australia.

Explorer, Nobel laureate, astrobiologist: things you never knew about Barry Blumberg.

Baruch S. “Barry” Blumberg, winner of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and founding director of the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI), passed away suddenly of a heart attack at age 85 on April 5, 2011, during a conference at Ames Research Center. That Barry spent his last day conceptualizing an International Research Park on the Moon befits the unflagging curiosity that characterized his life in general and his scientific career in particular. In this paper I trace Barry's scientific career, including his early formative years and the unexpected path that led to the Nobel Prize. I also show that Barry's perspective and approach to science in general made astrobiology a natural area to attract his attention after he had retired from medical research. Indeed, his priorities as NAI director reflect directly things that were important to him throughout his career.

Urbanization increases left-bias in line-bisection: an expression of elevated levels of intrinsic alertness?

Urbanization impairs attentional selection and increases distraction from task-irrelevant contextual information, consistent with a reduction in attentional engagement with the task in hand. Previously, we proposed an attentional-state account of these findings, suggesting that urbanization increases intrinsic alertness and with it exploration of the wider environment at the cost of engagement with the task in hand. Here, we compare urbanized people with a remote people on a line-bisection paradigm. We show that urbanized people have a left spatial bias where remote people have no significant bias. These findings are consistent with the alertness account and provide the first test of why remote peoples have such an extraordinary capacity to concentrate.

Oxford Travel Book Writers and Gentlemen-Scholars: Constructing Narrative Personae in Aldous Huxley’s "The Jesting Pilate", Robert Byron’s "The Station" and Evelyn Waugh’s "Remote People"

The travel book as a genre in the British literary tradition has been, for more than two centuries, characterized by the central role of craftily constructed narrative personae of gentlemen/travellers. This paper is an attempt to pinpoint the main similarities and differences in the construction of the narrative personae of three key between-the-wars Oxford graduates, who later became renowned writers Robert Byron, Aldous Huxley and Evelyn Waugh.