Religious Feelings Research Articles

In this article, the authors address the problem of the correlation of laughing culture and religious experience. The complex dialectics of the relationship between religion and cultural laughter originates in the ritual activity of early forms of religions. The authors, tracing the main stages of the development of the laughing culture, dwell in detail on the current stage of socio-cultural

Religion and Laughter in a Digital Society

Alienation of Religion and Alienated Religion: An Investigation of Islamic Extremism Centered on Jihad

Jihad is one of the core ideologies of Islamic extremism. “Jihad” is rich in meaning and controversial, which is the basis for Islamic extremism to alienate “Jihad”. Islamism alienated “jihad” by completely deviating from the spirit of peace of Islam, embezzling historical events and allusions related to Islam, terrorizing jihad and rebuilding caliphate system. The ultimate result of Islamism’s alienation of Islam is that it has formed an independent ideological system, being different from orthodox Islam in religious feelings and experiences, unique ways of activities and independent Islamic extremist organizations, which is why it has become “alienated religion”.

Long Live Chairman Mao! Death, Resurrection, and the (Un)Making of a Revolutionary Relic

AbstractWhy does Mao's embalmed corpse continue to arouse powerful religious feelings among contemporary Chinese writers after the end of his rule, from fantasies of resurrection to yearnings for redemption? While extant scholarship focuses on the sociopolitical aspects of Mao's posthumous cult, this essay reveals the crucial role that literary narrative plays in the (un)making of Mao's quasi-religious appeal. Drawing on literary genres such as diary, memoir, science fantasy, and satirical fiction, I argue that the political theology of Mao can be read as a grand “political fiction” that linked the doubling of Mao's immortal body with the perpetual sovereignty of the Chinese Communist Party. However, even as literary narrative authorizes the political mythology of Mao, contemporary Chinese literature also demonstrates its capacity for ideological critique. My narrative begins with the party's controversial effort to sacralize Mao's biological remains, from the ritualized display of political sovereignty to the ambiguous allusion to religious miracle. Then I look at the bizarre resurrection of Mao's flesh in Liu Cixin's 劉慈欣 1989 science fiction novel China 2185. The story features a cybernetic uprising in the distant future, when a computer engineer breaks into the Mao mausoleum and “uploads” Mao's mind into cyberspace. Lastly, I draw on the satirical fictions of Yan Lianke 閻連科 and Chan Koonchung 陳冠中 to reveal the desacralizing impacts of neoliberal capitalism on the Maoist political religiosity.

Decolonising religious education through the prism of affect theory: analytical perspectives for approaching Islamophobia in curriculum and pedagogy

ABSTRACT This paper outlines a set of analytical perspectives grounded in affect theory for decolonising religious education. In particular, these perspectives are: recognising the role of religious feelings; examining the extent to which decolonial affective spaces can be created in the classroom; and, understanding how contemporary public discourses about multiculturalism and religious difference are affectively experienced by students and educators in their everyday lives. It is argued that these perspectives contribute to push further the uncovering of colonial legacies within contemporary religious education, especially in relation to Islamophobia. Further, it is emphasised that it is imperative for the project of decolonising religious education to pay attention to the affective dimensions of decolonisation; this implies not only interrogating the affective legacies of coloniality such as Islamophobia, but also producing decolonised affective communities in classrooms and schools.

“RELIGIOUS FEELING” IN THE SHORT NOVEL (POVEST') BY V. F. ODOEVSKY “THE UNSPENT HOUSE”

The article offers an analysis of V. F. Odoevsky's short novel (povest’) “The Unspent House” (1840) in the context of its reflection of the “religious feeling” that was characteristic of writer-encyclopedist V. F. Odoevsky throughout his life. In the “The Unspent House”, which combines the traditions of a romantic short novel (povest’) with elements of fiction, ancient Russian legend, hagiographical texts, apocrypha, spiritual verse, “religious feeling” is manifested not only in the syncretic poetics of the work, where the gospel text sounds most clearly, but also at the level of understanding Christianity as a nationwide “religious feeling” with the most diverse connotations, but with the general meaning of forgiveness, mercy and love. The spiritual poems, whose publication V. F. Odoevsky later actively participated in, were the likely sources of the short novel (povest’). Works of medieval literature (“The Walk of the Virgin in Torment”, “The Tale of Savva Grudtsyn”) may have been the sources of the “legend”; parallels are also found with hagiographic literature. The “religious feeling” of V. F. Odoevsky, as stated in the article, intended to unite different layers of the Russian Christian culture. It asserted “joyful Christianity,” which was characteristic of book culture and oral folk art, and based on the belief in the power of mercy, compassion for sinners and the ultimate salvation of the soul.

Fugitive Freedom: The Improbable Lives of Two Impostors in Late Colonial Mexico

Fugitive Freedom: The Improbable Lives of Two Impostors in Late Colonial Mexico

ЛИТЕРАТУРНО-ОБЩЕСТВЕННАЯ ПОЗИЦИЯ СОВЕТСКОГО НЕМЕЦКОГО ПИСАТЕЛЯ АНДРЕАСА ЗАКСА В ВОПРОСАХ РЕЛИГИИ И ЦЕРКВИ (1930–1960-Е ГГ.)

The Soviet-German writer Andreas Saks (1903–1983) is known as an atheist, an activist of anti-religious propaganda in the 1930s carried out in the Republic of the Volga Germans, and as an author satirizing the religious superstitions of people and the vices of clerics. Applying the biographical approach of intellectual history the author of the article reconstructs A. Sack’s literary and social position on matters of church and religion. As sources for that the author uses Sack’s anti-religious humorous stories as well as his unpublished reviews of the works by Astrakhan novice writers where he expresses his views on the church, clerics and religiosity. There is a conclusion in the article that in those anti-religious works Andreas Saks remained tactful and delicate as he derided the religious superstitions of individual people, mostly, from an older generation who were baptized before the October revolution of 1917. Theomachism and the insulting the people’s religious feelings are not found in his works. It may reflect the Soviet Germans’ “cultural resistance” to the antireligious and anti-clerical campaigns waged by the communist authorities, to the closures of churches and repressions against the clerics in the 1930s. On the other hand, that reflects the writer’s understanding of man’s religiosity as “a complex existential issue” and his realization of big difficulties in “an ideological fight” against church and religion.

Уголовно-правовые проблемы защиты прав и чувств верующих

The religious contradictions in multinational countries are inevitable, which is confirmed by world history. To prevent conflicts, the state throughout its existence took the religious feelings of believers under its protection, including through the prosecution of persons who violated criminal standards towards the feelings of the religious believers. The religious feelings protection in itself corresponds to the content of the criminal law principles. However, the concepts of religion, feelings, religious believers, and freedom of conscience and religion used in the disposition of Article 148 of the RF Criminal Code do not have legally enshrined definitions and it is impossible to interpret them officially, since they are rooted in philosophy, psychology, and other branches of science. The inaccuracy of wordings causes the discussion in the scientific community and difficulties in law-enforcement activities. The study covers the problems of defining individual objective and subjective signs of a violation of the right to freedom of conscience and religion (Article 148 of the RF Criminal Code) and searching for ways to resolve them. The authors traced the historical path of development of legislation on the protection of the religious feelings of believers, considered the positions of various scientists from criminalization to decriminalization of criminal standards. The analysis allowed formulating the proposals to exclude parts 1 and 2 of Article 148 of the RF Criminal Code to eliminate the subjective imputation due to the failure to fix legislatively the estimating concepts of feelings and believers. The authors identified the lack of differentiation of religious associations by the legislator and suggested replacing the concept of religious organizations with the concept of religious associations due to the need to protect the rights of representatives of religious groups that are not registered as a legal entity. The authors propose to amend Article 148 of the RF Criminal Code leaving only the obstruction of religious associations, committed with the qualifying factors, and transferring the main actions described in parts 1 and 2 to administrative legislation.

William James, Radical Empiricism, and the Affective Ground of Religious Life

William James, Radical Empiricism, and the Affective Ground of Religious Life

Transformation of Religious Feelings of Vulnerable Populations Under Conditions of Large-Scale Dangers in the Chernivtsi Region

Solving the challenges facing humanity requires the combined efforts of all humanity using a comprehensive approach. This also applies to the problem of HIV. In particular, in the context of the war in Ukraine, the crisis of marginalized groups deepened and people with HIV began to face more challenges than usual (because their treatment, which requires constant supervision and medication, is at risk). This article analyzes a survey conducted at the beginning of the invasion about the level of religiosity and trust in the church among HIV-positive people in wartime conditions. The issue of the problems of marginalized groups and the role of the church in solving them, the influence of stereotypes and prejudices on the formation of internal self-stigmatization, and the existence of an educational gap in the context of health care as a basis for fear of others is updated.

Manipulacija verskim osećanjima kao determinanta društvenih sukoba - studija slučaja Nigerije

Historically viewed, religion has had a role to overcome social conflicts and promote peace among opposing parties. However, it has often known to transform into the role of a direct or indirect cause of some form of violence. Therefore, the subject of the research in this paper is the correlation of social conflicts and religious determinants as their causes, among which the manipulation of religious feelings has a special place. The central topic of the paper is the manipulation of religious feelings, i.e. the methods and techniques used by these subjects to recruit new soldiers of religiosity, with the ultimate goal of gaining supremacy by force over the opposing party, in this case religion. Accordingly, such relations have been analysed in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, where, in addition to Christianity and Islam, as two dominant religions, there are several other local religions that together, for decades, have been in an open conflict for supremacy. In this regard, the consideration of the historical context of this type of conflict in Nigeria should indicate the main motives in its background, goals to be achieved in this manner, as well as answers to the question of whether believers, who, according to the postulates of both religions, should always be on the path of peace, in fact are abused through individual or systemic manipulation.

ОПЫТ ПОНИМАНИЯ ПРОЦЕССА ПОЗНАНИЯ В КАЗАНСКОЙ ТЕИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ШКОЛЕ ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ XIX ВЕКА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ФИЛОСОФСКОГО ЭМПИРИЗМА

On the example of the analysis of the creativity of representatives of the Kazan theistic school, the presence of an empirical model of metaphysics of knowledge in spiritual and academic science as an alternative to Orthodox religious and philosophical rationalism was revealed. The tradition of interpreting the role of religious feeling in the process of knowledge among teachers of the Kazan Theological Academy is outlined. The role of British empiricism as one of the sources of the empirical version of Orthodox philosophical epistemology has been identified

Contemporary “New Documentary Photography” Exploring Road - Expression of Religious Feelings in Yang Yankang’s Photographic Work “Images of the Mind”

현대 다큐멘터리 사진의 한 트렌드는 사진작가의 독립적인 감정과 세계관을 표현하는 것이며, 이는 사진작가들에게새로운 과제와 더 높은 추구를 초래하였다. 본 논문은 중국 다큐멘터리 사진작가 양옌캉을 연구한다. 그의 작품 심상(心象) 시리즈를 사례로 촬영할 때 사진작가의 감정 상태를 분석하고, 그가 어떤 방식으로 사진을 통해 종교 사상을전달하는지 탐구하며, 이를 통해 사진작가의 창작에 참고할 수 있는 가치를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구는 기호학 분석방법을 사용하여 언어 정보 기호, 코드 정보 기호와 은유 기호 등 3가지 기호학 구조 측면에서 출발하여 사진작가가 사진을 통해 독자에게 전달하는 다양한 차원의 메시지 기호를 분석하고, 메시지와 독자의 감정 연결 방식을 고찰한다. 또한 본 연구는 전형적이고 대표적인 사진을 선정하여 양옌캉의 사진에서 티베트 불교와 관련 메시지 기호의 구축 과정, 작품 내용과 종교 사상의 표현 방식을 분석하고, 사진의 메시지 정보 요소에서 사진의 심층적 의미를 탐색하며, 이를 통해 미래 다큐멘터리 사진에 대한 더 많은 가능성을 고찰하고자 한다.

A document in the context of the studying national minorities conditions in the ukrainian state (april – december 1918)

The purpose of the article is based on the documents, the main trends in the policy of Hetman P.Skoropadsky and his government towards national minorities have been analyzed. Methodology. In termsof preparing the research, methods of analysis, comparison, analogy, generalization, structuring were used.As well as methods of Document Science, Archival Science. The scientific novelty is due to the fact that forthe first time analysis was made on the basis of a documentary array of the main policy trends in relation tonational minorities of the Hetmanate; the reasons for the repeal of the Law on National-Personal Autonomyand the abolition of national ministries in Russian, Jewish and Polish affairs were clarified. In all the studieddocuments (Missive Letter to All Ukrainian People, Law on Elections of Provincial and County ZemstvoCouncillors, Order on Internal Relations in the Ukrainian Army), the emphasis was made on the loyalty ofcitizens to the Ukrainian State, not on their ethnic origin, and on the tolerant attitude of the state towardsboth the national and religious feelings of citizens. Admission to higher educational establishments was alsodemocratic in the Ukrainian state. Based not on ethnic but on territorial-state principles, the Hetmanatedid not see the point in the existence of national ministries established by the Ukrainian Central Rada, butthere was its general understanding of the national minorities’ needs and, thus, it often responded to theirrequests. Considerable attention has been paid to the coverage of cultural and educational activities ofnational minorities. Conclusions. Having analyzed the national policy of the Hetmanateon on the basis ofthe documents, we found out that despite some uncertainty it was moderate and did not lead to interethnicconflicts. By repealing the Law on National Personal Autonomy and National Ministries in Great Russian,Jewish, and Polish Affairs, Hetman P. Skoropadsky, and his government were guided by the territorial-stateprinciple, according to which all citizens of the state were equal, regardless of their nationality and religion.Meanwhile, there was some sufficient support, including financial one, for the national and cultural revival ofnational minorities.Keywords: document, national minorities, national and personal autonomy, Hetmanate, rights, interethnicrelations, cultural and educational policy.

Teatr a sprawa Boska. Golgota Picnic, Klątwa, O twarzy. Wizerunek Syna Boga – czyli spektakle obrażające uczucia religijne widziane oczami teologa

Social protests connected with the performances of “Golgotha Picnic”, “The Curse” or “On the Concept of the Face Regarding the Son of God” arouses an understandable interest of the theologian in the phenomenon of “slighting of religious feelings” and the reasons why these stage works evoke such reactions. The article presents an analysis of the content of the mentioned above performances in the context of the words of the Bible as well as the teachings of different Christian Churches. It is aimed at finding points (scenes) in which the content presented on the stage is inconsistent with Christian teaching, distorts it or presents it in an ironic way. The article also tries to find potential artistic justifications for such performances. Referring to earlier published artistic reviews, rather than scientific publications, it defines common features that characterize performances that offend religious feelings, but also indicates areas where the situation of slighting of such feelings is not unambiguous. The article does not deny the possibility that someone’s feelings have been touched or slighted by the discussed performances, but it points out the possibility that the offense of religious feelings is more the result of knowledge, motivation or attitude of the audience than from the presented content itself.

AFFECTIVE DIMENSIONS OF RELIGIOUS INJURY IN EUROPEAN SOCIETIES: INSIGHTS FOR EDUCATION AND SCHOOLS

ABSTRACT This paper brings attention to the notion of ‘religious affects’, namely, the affects, emotions and feelings related to religion and religious experience. It is argued that educators and students have a lot to gain from paying attention to and exploring the meaning and role of religious feelings in the context of controversies and debates surrounding Islam in the West. In particular, the paper suggests that by exploring the affective dimensions of religious injury (e.g. irritation, dishonour, insult, injury, offense, outrage), educators and students can enhance their understanding of how religious emotions are involved in religious controversies such as the recent cartoon controversies in several European countries. It is argued that a richer comprehension of affective dimensions of religious controversies will help promote inter-religious understanding and respect, an important educational aim in contemporary times, especially in school subjects such as religious education.

Legal Theology in Interdisciplinary Discourse

The paper as a research subject deals with the importance of a new interdisciplinary trend in studying the law – legal theology. The authors argue in favour of acknowledging the value of the theological dimension of law and legal awareness for the contemporary post-secular world. The aim of this paper is to substantiate the theoretical and practical value of legal theology for investigating legal awareness, shaping legal culture and legal theology of the contemporary Russian state. As a result of the theological dimension of law, the paper also focuses on spiritual and moral grounds of legal awareness, which determine legal values, ideals and beliefs of a personality as well as primarily impact the related criminal behaviour. For these purposes, to investigate legal awareness of a criminal, the authors appeal to orthodox anthropology based upon patristic concepts and teachings on combating egocentrism and aggression, as well as the reflection of passions which generate, originate the basic negative motives of legal mentality and legal awareness of an individual. The legal theology actualizes the ascetic study of legal awareness and enables in the context of the post-secular world to mobilize religious feelings and concerns in order to establish a steady rule of law.

The Validity of Prayer Importance Scale (PIS)

Prayer is a central element of religiosity but research has focused primarily on distinguishing its types and analyzing its functional aspect. A particularly important issue is the subjective evaluation of prayer importance, which so far has not been reflected in the form of an independent psychometric tool. This is why the goal of the presented study was to develop Prayer Importance Scale (PIS) based on Tatala’s definition of the concept. Two studies were conducted to verify reliability and validity of the tool. The proposed model was found to fit the data well. Correlations of PIS with basic parameters of religiosity: religious awareness, religious feelings, religious decisions, bond with a fellowship of believers, religious practices, religious morality, religious experience and forms of profession of faith were found to be significant. PIS can be a quick method providing information on the degree of religiosity and be used in participant selection in research studies.

Ratio legis of Criminalization of the Offence against Religious Feelings (and Blasphemy)

<p>This article deals with the criminalization of violating religious feelings is of a scientific and research nature. The scientific problem is to determine the actual <em>ratio legis</em> of the act described in Article 196 of the Polish Criminal Code, which will ultimately allow to assess whether the criminalization decision is right. The author does not share the commonly held views on the protection and justification of the criminality of offending religious feelings. A comparison of crimes that provide for punishment for violating other feelings, as well as violating feelings of a different nature with impunity, allows for the formulation of the thesis that in the case of Article 196 of the Criminal Code it was not religious feelings and their protection that became the reason for the criminalization decision. This reason is the fear of the social consequences of violating religious feelings. Since this behavior is criminalized in most countries around the world, the significance of these scientific findings is of international significance both theoretically and practically.</p>

BUILDING CHARACTER OF HARDINESS THROUGH RELIGIOUSITY AND LOCAL WISDOM FOR MERCHANT MARINE CADET IN ACEH, INDONESIA

This study aims to describe the model of character building of prospective marine transportation cadets in Malahayati Merchant Marine Polytechnic, Aceh, Indonesia. The research method used in this study was a qualitative method using a phenomenological research design. Through participatory action research, in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, the data were found, which Miles and Huberman’s model used as data analysis. The data analysis process consisted of data reduction, data display, drawing conclusion/verification. The research result showed that character educational implementation of Merchant Marine Education in Aceh was conducted through (1) the instruction method, education, suggestion, persuasion, trusting, punishment, guidance and counseling, Habituation, group discussion, and organizational activities. The method implementation adjusted to the activities and educational cadet level starting from prospective cadet to senior cadet. (2) Method implementation intervention conducted through the hidden curriculum like moral knowing, moral feeling, moral action, and religiosity that manifests in five diversity dimensions: religious belief, religious practice, religious feeling, religious knowledge, and religious effects. (3) Attitude nurture implementation conducted through local wisdom habituation that includes exemplary figures of leaders/coach/trainers/senior cadets, behavioral standards, and reflection studies. (4) Religious character educational implementation bears a resilient cadet profile who is smart, professional, skilled, and good. This research finding recommended the importance of religiosity and local wisdom in building the character of Hardiness.