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Konsep Tauhid Imam Al-Ghazali tentang Mekanisme Pasar Dalam Islam

The market is an element of natural harmony, the market has a very important role in the economy. Al Ghazali views the market mechanism as evolving as a natural component. Al-Ghazalis rationale about the market mechanism, namely from demand and supply, according to Al-Ghazali, demand and supply occur under the power of Allah. This study uses a qualitative descriptive study using literature quoted from relevant book journals and websites. The purpose of this study is that humans will involve God in any activity without exception in the market because the market is not only a means for buying and selling but also a place for worship. This concept of monotheism has an important role in the market because monotheism teaches that God is one. And with this concept of monotheism, big profits are not a top priority for market participants because they will be more concerned with the afterlife than the world. If every human being has a strong faith, an Islamic market mechanism will be created and a fair market will also be created so that it will prosper human life.

“The worst has already happened”: communicating sensitively with bereaved survey participants

Abstract Issue The National Care Experience Programme asks people about their experiences of health and social care services, including maternity bereavement and end-of-life care. The surveys aim to identify areas of good experience, as well as areas requiring improvement. Implementing surveys on sensitive topics involves a duty of care to participants to ensure the highest ethical standards and sensitive communication with bereaved parents and relatives. Description of the problem Under General Data Protection Regulation, there is an obligation to be transparent with people in the event that they are invited to participate in a survey. This must be balanced with sensitive and respectful communication with those who have experienced a loss. The mode of contact and timing of surveys requires careful consideration. Results Bereaved parents and relatives, support organisations and subject matter experts were engaged with extensively to inform the National End of Life Survey and National Maternity Bereavement Experience Survey, including the mode of contact with eligible parents and relatives and the timing of surveys. A detailed communications plan was developed to share information across social media platforms, radio and relevant websites. Communication about the survey balanced key messages on the aims, methods and eligibility criteria with a sensitive and time-appropriate delivery. Lessons Both surveys asked about the lived experiences of significant, traumatic life events. Participation had the potential to place an emotional burden on participants, who had to relive their experiences of loss. In order to limit the potential harm, bereaved parents and relatives were involved in all stages of the survey development process. Information on support services was included with all survey invitations and documentation. Strong response rates highlight a willingness amongst bereaved parents and families to share their experiences to inform improvements to care.

Private equity investment in Germany's primary care sector

Abstract Background A major reform of the primary care sector in Germany that included a new law on health system financing in 2004 introduced new tools to be used by “entrepreneurial doctors”. These new tools provided opportunities for corporate investments into primary care, including through private equity funds (PEFs). Since then, there has been a stark increase of private investments. Methods A review of academic and grey literature, media reports and relevant organizational websites. Results Investments by PEFs in Ambulatory Health Care Centres (in German: Medizinische Versorgungszentren, MVZs) have increased continuously in recent years, and latest estimates suggest that in 2020 about 750 of overall 3800 MVZs were owned by PEFs. However, exact and robust data on how many MVZs are owned by PEFs do not exist, as there are no (legal) requirements for disclosures of these investment and ownership structures in Germany. Often, investors are located in tax havens, making the identification of ownership difficult. In addition, a PEF investing into an MVZ may include one health care facility, several dozens or over 100, depending on how well developed the network is (sometimes including long-term care facilities), further complicating an understanding of ownership status. The public debate on private equity investments in Germany's health system has been intensifying in recent years and a number of concerns have been raised, leading to calls by medical chambers for stricter regulation. Federal Minister of Health, Karl Lauterbach, announced in late 2022 that a law prohibiting private equity acquisitions of MVZs would be forthcoming in 2023. Conclusions The involvement of PEFs in Germany's ambulatory health care centres has increased substantially in recent years, leading to increasing public concerns and calls for stricter regulation.

Performance indicators in long-term care for older people in 38 countries: a scoping review

Abstract Background A large number of performance indicators in long-term care have been developed and tested. However, the use of such indicators for regular monitoring of long-term care at regional and national level presents a number of challenges related to coordination of stakeholders, regulation and data collection capabilities. Our aim was to review the performance indicators in long-term care that are currently in use for regular monitoring by 38 OECD member states. Methods We used a scoping review approach that included a systematic search of scientific publications, review of multi-country reports and an internet search of relevant websites of the countries included. The scoping review protocol was registered before starting paper selection and web searches. Results We retrieved 12.776 papers, of which 10 were kept after selection for data extraction. Preliminary results of the review of reports and internet resources led to the retrieval of 399 performance indicators in long-term care from 24 OECD member states, while no indicators could be found for 14 member states. Performance indicators most often relate to falls, pressure ulcers, unplanned weight loss and use of restraints, which are collected by 7 or more of the 24 countries. The definitions of the indicators differ considerably between countries, as well as the definitions of long-term care and hence the settings in which these indicators are used. Conclusions Consideration of indicators often used in several countries may be of interest to decision-makers establishing or updating indicator sets in this area. There is considerable heterogeneity in the nature, definitions and settings of long-term care performance indicators used by OECD member states. These differences are a significant challenge to establish international comparability of the indicators reported. Key messages • The indicators most frequently used for regular monitoring of long-term care performance are related to falls, pressure ulcer, unplanned weight loss and use of restraints. • There is considerable heterogeneity in the nature, definitions and settings of long-term care performance indicators used in different countries, which make comparisons of results challenging.

Application and analysis of text similarity in text clustering in the Chinese context

With the development of the Internet, information sharing is higher, and the amount of information that each user is exposed to is increasing. How to find the information peoples want from so much information is a very important question. The vast majority of these resources are related to textual information. The most intuitive manifestation of these problems is that when people usually use search engines, enter a piece of text, and search out the relevant website, if the algorithm is not good, the search results will be very unsatisfactory. Therefore, this paper studies the application of text similarity in text clustering in the Chinese context. First, the basic concept of text similarity is introduced. In addition, text clustering is explained/explained from three aspects: definition, application, and general processing process. Secondly, combined with the existing data, some mainstream clustering algorithms are comprehensively summarized. Then, combined with the above content, the similarity calculation method in text clustering is analyzed. Finally, the above methods are compared and analyzed according to the experimental results in the Python environment.

Pancasila Internalization Model in Overcoming Radicalism Within the Bureaucracy


 
 
 
 Pancasila holds a pivotal role in the establishment of the Republic of Indonesia, but its maintenance has faced challenges through historical events like the G30S/PKI incident and the TII DI event. These instances serve as benchmarks illustrating the potential changes that could occur if Pancasila's significance is not upheld by society. In the modern era, recurrent radicalism poses a threat to Indonesia's unity. This study aims to propose an internalization model for Pancasila values that garners acceptance across all societal segments, fostering adherence to these values. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, including various journals, and utilizing relevant applications and websites, the study underscores that radicalism often contradicts Pancasila principles and human rights, encompassing terrorism and ideological extremism. Effective countermeasures necessitate collaborative endeavors involving governmental bodies, citizens, and institutions. Recognizing the need for bureaucratic reform, the study suggests the integration of Pancasila values to align ethical conduct with national principles. The P4 Pancasila program demonstrates intricate bureaucratic dynamics, highlighting the equilibrium between authority and unintended outcomes. The study identifies the inculcation of Pancasila values from a young age as instrumental in nurturing a generation dedicated to national ideals, proficient in mitigating radicalism, and advancing ethical governance.
 
 
 

A scoping review of the barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilising mental health services across regional, rural, and remote Australia

BackgroundInadequate healthcare access and utilisation are implicated in the mental health burden experienced by those living in regional, rural, and remote Australia. Facilitators that better enable access and utilisation are also reported in the literature. To date, a synthesis on both the barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilising mental health services within the rural Australian context has not been undertaken. This scoping review aims to (1) synthesise the barriers and facilitators to accessing and utilising mental health services in regional, rural, and remote Australia, as identified using the Modified Monash Model; and (2) better understand the relationship between barriers and facilitators and their geographical context.MethodsA systematic search of Medline Complete, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed literature. Grey literature was collated from relevant websites. Study characteristics, including barriers and facilitators, and location were extracted. A descriptive synthesis of results was conducted.ResultsFifty-three articles were included in this scoping review. Prominent barriers to access and utilisation included: limited resources; system complexity and navigation; attitudinal and social matters; technological limitations; distance to services; insufficient culturally-sensitive practice; and lack of awareness. Facilitators included person-centred and collaborative care; technological facilitation; environment and ease of access; community supports; mental health literacy and culturally-sensitive practice. The variability of the included studies precluded the geographical analysis from being completed.ConclusionBoth healthcare providers and service users considered a number of barriers and facilitators to mental health service access and utilisation in the regional, rural, and remote Australian context. Barriers and facilitators should be considered when re-designing services, particularly in light of the findings and recommendations from the Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health System, which may be relevant to other areas of Australia. Additional research generated from rural Australia is needed to better understand the geographical context in which specific barriers and facilitators occur.

PENGEMBANGAN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AL TALKHĪS LI AL- ISTIMᾹ’ (ATLIS)

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>The creativity of educators in managing and developing learning media is improving, especially during the pandemic, where the necessity of online learning must be carried out. Even as the pandemic is gradually being controlled, learning media development continues. For instance, developing the Learning Management System (LMS) for listening skills in Arabic language learning, particularly Maharah Istima', is a crucial and fundamental language acquisition skill. This research aims to determine suitable criteria for Istima' learning media and the development of the LMS At-Talkhis Li Al-Istima'. This research utilizes the Research and Development approach, employing the Waterfall model consisting of the following stages: analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. In the analysis stage, a series of analyses is conducted regarding the criteria used for Istima' learning. Subsequently, the design of the LMS AT-Talkhis Li Al-Istima' is developed, followed by the utilization of the media and feasibility testing carried out by media experts, subject matter experts, and students. The results of this research are the criteria for determining Istima' learning media, considering the curriculum, media, and content aspects. Meanwhile, the LMS AT-Talkhis Li Al-Istima' is a portable document file (PDF) that is integrated with links to relevant media, materials, assignments, or websites. The feasibility of the LMS At-Talkhis Li Al-Istima', both in terms of media quality and usability, meets the criteria for being good.</em></p>

Certainty of Evidence Assessment in Systematic Reviews Published by High-Impact Sports Science Journals: A Meta-epidemiological Study.

Assessing certainty of evidence is a key element of any systematic review. The aim of this meta-epidemiology study was to understand the frequency and ways with which certainty of evidence is assessed in contemporary systematic reviews published in high-impact sports science journals. We searched PubMed and relevant journal web sites from 1 August 2016 to 11 October 2022 for systematic reviews published in the top-ten highest-impact journals within the 2020 Journal Citation Report for the Sports Sciences category. Pairs of independent reviewers screened items using a priori established criteria. Of 1250 eligible documents, 258 (20.6%) assessed the certainty of evidence, defined as using two or more distinct domains to provide an overall rating of the trustworthiness of findings across studies. Nine methods were cited for assessing certainty, with the most common being the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach (61.6%). The proportion of systematic reviews assessing certainty of evidence appeared to increase over the 6-year timeframe analyzed. Across all reviews analyzed, a large majority addressed the domains of risk of bias, imprecision, and inconsistency of the results. Other certainty domains including indirectness/applicability were less commonly assessed. Only one in five recent contemporary systematic reviews in the field of exercise and sports science assessed certainty of evidence. Organizational and institutional education on methods for assessing evidence may help further increase uptake of these methods and improve both the quality and clinical impact of systematic reviews in the field.

Efektifitas Digital Branding, Peningkatan Engagement Dan Promosi Terhadap Penjualan Produk UKM Melalui Media Sosial: Eksistensi UKM Kelurahan Batu Aji

Business ideas are affected not only by markets, companies and competitors, but also by changes. Everyone, even large companies, must recognise this. To maintain the "economic" aspect of society, various studies have been conducted to examine good alternative marketing strategies. This study focuses on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) because SMEs have become part of the creative economy. Therefore, the researcher encourages to examine which digital branding strategies are most widely implemented by SMEs. This study describes how to use strategies to increase engagement and patronage of products, how to make products recognised by the wider community through social media, and how to choose the most effective social media to market products, this study focuses on social media. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely library research through books, journals, and relevant websites. The results of this study show that brand strategy is very important for the development of SMEs and can be more easily implemented for SMEs through digital.

Turning the Page on Breast Cancer in Ohio: Lessons learned from implementing a multilevel intervention to reduce breast cancer mortality among Black women.

Turning the Page on Breast Cancer (TPBC) uses a multilevel approach to reduce breast cancer (BC) mortality among Black women. TPBC intervenes by (1) improving health care facilities' ability to conduct effective BC screening, follow-up, and treatment; (2) involving community-based organizations; and (3) providing education and personal risk information through a culturally relevant website. Ohio has among the worst BC mortality rates in the United States for Black women. TPBC is in its third year of providing targeted interventions in 12 Ohio counties with particularly high BC rates among Black women. TPBC enrolls health care facilities, collects organizational and patient data, and conducts key informant interviews to inform the provision of appropriate evidence-based interventions. TPBC engages Black communities through community-based organizations and social media advertising. The TPBC website offers BC information, connects Black women to community BC resources, and provides access to a risk-assessment tool. TPBC has provided tailored information packets, evidence-based interventions, and systematic support for improving the tracking and follow-up of breast health care among patients in 10 clinical partnerships. The project has provided education at community events monthly since mid-2021. The TPBC website (http://endbreastcancerohio.org) is promoted through social media (primarily Facebook) and community events to reach Black women aged 25-70 years. To date, 4108 unique users have visited the website, of whom 15.9% completed the risk assessment. Novel strategies are needed to address persistent disparities in BC outcomes among Black women. TPBC demonstrates the potential effectiveness of multiple methods of community-based, clinic-based, and web-based engagement. Turning the Page on Breast Cancer (TPBC) aims to reduce breast cancer mortality among Black women in Ohio by conducting multilevel, community-engaged interventions in 12 counties. Women are provided risk information and education at virtual and in-person community events and through a community-friendly website that was launched in November 2020. Almost 4000 women have visited the website, which offers community-targeted information, urges screening for individuals at elevated risk, and offers access to patient navigation services; 655 users have used a breast cancer risk-assessment tool on the site. Community-based organizations conduct educational efforts. TPBC partners with health care facilities, which are taught to improve their ability to conduct effective breast cancer screening, follow-up, and treatment. So far, TPBC has provided educational information, evidence-based intervention lists, tailored information packets, and ongoing quarterly support to partners in 10 counties. Evaluation will focus on aggregated data for screening and genetic testing referral at the clinic level.

Exploring the presence of smaller literatures in two British prizes for literary translation

This article offers an overview of the visibility of smaller literatures in two prominent British literary translation awards: the Oxford-Weidenfeld Prize and the Warwick Prize for Women in Translation. In contextualizing this exploratory study through a brief recapitulation of the concept of smaller literatures within broader notions of world literature, attention is also paid to the increasing popularity of scholarship on translation prizes, before the British literary translation scene is presented and summarized. After outlining the form, scope, and stated aims of the two prizes, the methodology of the study is introduced, together with any possible limitations. Subsequently, and adopting a literature-based approach, the relevant websites for both awards are scrutinized to obtain the necessary data. This is then analysed and discussed, with the aim of ascertaining the extent to which smaller literatures can be said to be present in the two prizes. Finally, some preliminary conclusions and suggestions for further research on the subject are outlined.

Strategies and interventions to strengthen pharmacovigilance systems in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review

ObjectivesThe slow progress of pharmacovigilance (PV) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) raises questions about core challenges on the growth of PV, and the appropriateness of strategies used so far...

Summary of the best evidence for anticoagulation and bleeding risk management in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

To evaluate and summarize the relevant evidence of anticoagulation and bleeding risk management in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and provide the evidence-based basis for the management of anticoagulation and bleeding during ECMO treatment. According to the evidence "6S" pyramid model, all evidence on ECMO anticoagulation management and bleeding risk was searched in relevant databases, organizations and guideline websites at home and abroad. Evidence types included guidelines, expert consensus, systematic evaluation, Meta-analysis and original study. The search time limit was from May 31, 2012 to May 31, 2022. Two researchers with evidence-based research background conducted independent literature quality evaluation of the retrieved evidence, and the evidence that met the quality standards was extracted and summarized based on the opinions of industry experts. A total of 315 articles were retrieved, and 13 articles were included, including 3 guidelines, 6 expert consensus, and 4 Meta-analysis. A total of 27 best evidences were summarized from 7 aspects, including the selection of ECMO anticoagulation, anticoagulation in priming, anticoagulation in operation, anticoagulation monitoring, bleeding and treatment, thrombosis and treatment, and prevention and management of terminal limb ischemia. This study provides evidence-based basis for bleeding prevention and anticoagulant management in ECMO patients. It is recommended to selectively apply the best evidence after evaluating the clinical environmental conditions of medical institutions, so as to improve the prognosis of ECMO patients.

Perspective of Marketing Mix Elements in Health Care Services – A Review

The success of healthcare services and diagnostic laboratories depends on their use of the marketing mix.Price optimization, service expansion, better health education, and more funding are also crucial. Clinical decisions depend onlaboratory diagnosis and test results, helping customize medication for a particular patient. Diagnostic labs are considered a "cashcow" for healthcare organizations. Marketing mix has been considered critical in the success of any service organization, and thesame applies to Healthcare too. A modern and valuable marketing tool in healthcare services is the marketing mix. Patientsatisfaction has been the goal of any healthcare organization's marketing activity, which is significantly influenced by the 7Ps of theservice marketing mix. Hospitals have been using the 7Ps of the marketing mix for a long time, and a lot of literature is available.At the same time, the literature on the applicability of marketing mix tools in the diagnostic industry is limited. Doctors andpatients disagree on what variables should be considered when picking a lab. This study seeks to review the marketing mix ofhospitals and their applicability in the diagnostic industry. A systematic review of relevant websites, articles, periodicals, and peerreviewedjournals on google scholar, the Internet, EBSCO host, and ProQuest was done. The paper enriches the literature onmarketing characteristics of health services from a diagnostic lab perspective. This study will be helpful for professionals inlaboratory business and count on their theoretical knowledge. Moreover, this article paves the way to further research in this fieldto find an appropriate marketing mix for the diagnostic industry.

Experiences of women who have planned unassisted home births in high-resource countries: a qualitative systematic review.

The aim of this review was to identify, appraise, and synthesize the qualitative evidence about the experiences of women in high-resource countries who have planned unassisted home births. Unassisted birth occurs when a woman chooses to give birth without the assistance of health care providers. These births are planned and usually occur in a woman's home. It is difficult to know the prevalence of unassisted birth because it occurs at the margins of health care systems, making data difficult to collect. Based on its lack of visibility in society, we assume that unassisted birth is not a common birth choice. Women who choose planned unassisted birth may face stigma for their decision and their experience of birth, which challenge accepted norms. Synthesizing qualitative evidence about women's experiences of planned unassisted birth can improve our understanding about women's birthing values and provide important clues about aspects of birthing care that may be missing in mainstream birthing services. Studies that explored the experiences of women who had planned unassisted home births without the support of health care providers in high-resource countries were included. Unassisted home births were defined as those that were planned not to be assisted by health care professionals. Study designs that focused on qualitative data were eligible for inclusion. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCO), Scopus, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest), and Nursing and Allied Health Database (ProQuest) were searched in 2022. Studies published in English since the databases' inception were considered for inclusion. A search of relevant websites for unpublished and gray literature was also undertaken in 2022. Two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality of papers identified for inclusion. Qualitative research findings were extracted from papers that met the inclusion criteria and critical appraisal standard. Findings were extracted and categorized based on similarity of meaning. The categories were synthesized to create 2 synthesized findings, and the ConQul approach was used to grade the findings to establish confidence in the synthesized findings. Six studies were included in the review. All the studies used interviews for data collection; other methods included surveys, email correspondence, posts on internet discussion boards and forums, and websites. The total sample size for interviews was 103 participants. Total survey sample size for surveys was 87 participants. Total sample size for email correspondence was 5. Internet data sources included more than 100,000 individual and forum posts and 127 birth stories. A total of 17 findings were extracted and grouped into 4 categories. The 4 categories were then synthesized into 2 synthesized findings: i) navigating tensions within self, and between self and systems, and ii) integrating and transcending physical experiences of birth. More research is needed to better understand the experiences of women who have planned unassisted births. Improving understanding and increasing the awareness of planned unassisted birth are necessary steps for promoting inclusive, relational, and person-centered birthing experiences for everyone. Reflection about the differences between planned unassisted births and mainstream births may support needed reorientations of perinatal services. PROSPERO CRD42019125242. A French-language version of the abstract of this review is available [ http://links.lww.com/SRX/A9 ].

Optimization of Kalimasada Program Through "Klampid New Generation" Application in Surabaya City

Focus of population administration services by the Surabaya City Population and Civil Registration Office changed from traditional to electronic through the Klampid New Generation application. This study primarily aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kalimasada program, which is facilitated through the Klampid New Generation application in Surabaya City. The research approach utilized is descriptive and qualitative in nature, utilizing primary data obtained through in-depth interviews and observations. Additionally, secondary data from relevant government websites and other resources related to the research theme are incorporated. Valuable insights are further derived from extensive interviews conducted with key stakeholders. The study's findings reveal that a considerable portion of the population lacks familiarity with the operational aspects of the Klampid New Generation Application. As a result, there is a notable requirement for increased efforts by the government to raise awareness through extensive public campaigns. However, in terms of implementation, the Kalimasada program emerges as a highly effective tool, contributing significantly to the promotion of civic awareness regarding the organized management of population administration within Surabaya's dynamic urban environment.

Comparative Analysis of Iranian and Turkish Special Education in Terms of Aims and Principles

Comparative education is very important in terms of addressing the similarities, differences, interactions, and interaction levels of education systems. In comparative education studies the similarities and differences between the education systems implemented by the countries under consideration are investigated and presented within the framework of certain criteria. This study aims to compare Iranian and Turkish special education systems in terms of aims and principles. In the study, a qualitative study based on the document/document analysis method is adopted to compare the special education principles of the two countries. In this study, which focuses on the aims and principles of special education in Turkey and Iran, the data were collected using the relevant laws, regulations, legislation, theses, books, articles, publications, and websites of ministries and institutions. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method in terms of similarities and differences in accordance with document analysis in comparative education. According to the results, Iran and Turkey have a similar general purpose in special education: to prepare the individual for society and the future. The main purpose of special education is to meet the educational needs of individuals with special needs. While the Turkish special education approach is more family-oriented and cares about the child’s environment, the Iranian special education approach focuses on the individual in need of special education.

Efficacy and safety of visually guided laser balloon versus cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Newly developed catheter ablation (CA) techniques, such as laser balloon ablation (LBA) and cryoballoon ablation (CBA), have been introduced in recent years and emerged as valuable alternatives to conventional radiofrequency CA strategies for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) patients. However, evidence comparing LBA and CBA remain controversial. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety between these two techniques. Scientific databases (PubMed, Embase) and relevant websites (the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov) were systematically searched from inception to March 2023. The primary outcomes of interest were the AF recurrence and the procedure-related complications. Secondary outcomes included procedural time, fluoroscopy time, and left atrial (LA) dwell time. Seven clinical trials with a total of 637 patients were finally enrolled. No significant differences were found between LBA and CBA in terms of AF recurrence [16.3% vs. 22.7%, odds ratio (OR) = 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42-1.05, p = 0.078] or total procedural-related complications (8.4% vs. 6.4%, OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.71-2.51, p = 0.371). LBA had a significantly longer procedural time [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 38.03 min, 95% CI: 13.48-62.58 min, p = 0.002] and LA dwell time (WMD = 46.67 min, 95% CI: 14.63-78.72 min, p = 0.004) than CBA, but tended to have shorter fluoroscopy time. LBA and CBA treatment have comparable efficacy and safety for PAF patients. LBA was associated with longer procedural and LA dwell times compared with CBA. Further large-scale studies are warranted to compare these two techniques with the newest generations.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=426513, identifier (CRD42023426513).

Mudharabah sebagai Alternatif Pembiayaan yang Potensial untuk Peningkatan Pengembangan pada UMKM


 Mudharabah is a form of contract or agreement between two parties, namely investors (owners of capital) and entrepreneurs (managers of capital). In this contract, investors will provide capital and entrepreneurs known as business managers will use this capital to develop their businesses. The profit generated will be shared according to the agreement between the two parties, while the loss will be borne by the owner of capital (investor) but if negligence is caused by the manager of capital (entrepreneur), the loss will be borne by the manager of capital. Through mudharabah, MSMEs can get access to greater capital to develop their business. Even though there are risks for investors, on the other hand, business managers can execute their vision and develop their business with lower risk. This study uses descriptive qualitative, namely using literature studies cited from relevant books and websites. The purpose of this study is to encourage MSME actors to continue to improve the quality of their work so that they can become a forum for reducing unemployment in Indonesia and so they can compete in the global market. Lack of funds for MSMEs has become commonplace, but mudharabah is here as an alternative financing for development of MSMEs, so it is hoped that MSME actors will be smart in managing existing capital with this mudharabah financing.
 Keywords: Mudharabah, MSME