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Pharmacological interventions for pruritus in adult palliative care patients.

Pharmacological interventions for pruritus in adult palliative care patients.

Pengaruh Green Accounting, Material Flow Cost Accounting, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan dengan Nilai Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2

This study aims to examine the effect of green accounting, material flow cost accounting, and company size on company performance which is moderated by company value. The type of research used is secondary data quantitative research with a population of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2022. The total sample amounted to 86 using purposive sampling method from financial report data or annual reports available on the Indonesia Stock Exchange or on the relevant company website. The data analysis method used is multiple regression analysis and moderated regression analysis (MRA). Company performance is proxied by return on assets (ROA). The results showed that green accounting, material flow cost accounting (MFCA), and company size had an effect on company performance. On the other hand, the fourth, fifth, and sixth hypotheses of firm value were unable to moderate the influence between green accounting, material flow cost accounting (MFCA), and company size on company performance.

Organizational Culture and Its Effect on Employee Motivation

Organizational culture plays a critical role in addressing these demands by maintaining the stability of the social system within the organization and minimizing individual differences. It fosters a sense of identity and belonging among employees, which is directly related to employee turnover and workplace harmony. The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of organizational culture on employee motivation. Sub-objectives include assessing the impact of organizational culture on employee retention and organizational performance. The main research questions are: How does organizational culture affect employee motivation? How does it influence employee retention? And how does it impact organizational performance? Corresponding hypotheses posit that organizational culture positively affects employee motivation, retention, and organizational performance. For this study, data were collected using both primary and secondary methods. Primary data were gathered through a 30-question questionnaire distributed to 30 employees at Jahan University, while secondary data were sourced from relevant journals, books, and websites. The aim of this research is to elucidate the effects of organizational culture on employee motivation.

Effect of Democratic Leadership Styles on Corporate Performance

This study investigated the impact of Democratic Leadership Style on employee business development within the private sector. The primary objective is to assess how Democratic Leadership Style influences organizational behavior. This was further divided into two specific objectives: (1) to explore the influence of Democratic Leadership Style on organizational behavior, and (2) to examine the relationship between Democratic Leadership Style and organizational behavior. The main research question is: "What is the effect of Democratic Leadership Style on organizational behavior?" Sub-questions include: "What is the influence of Democratic Leadership Style on organizational behavior?" and "What is the relationship between Democratic Leadership Style and organizational behavior?" The hypothesis posits that Democratic Leadership Style has a positive effect on organizational behavior, with sub-hypotheses suggesting that this style enhances organizational behavior and establishes a positive relationship between the leadership style and organizational behavior. Data was collected through both primary and secondary methods, including 30 distributed questionnaires and information from relevant books, websites, journals, articles, and magazines. Findings indicate that Democratic Leadership Style positively affects employee business development, skills enhancement, productivity, and morale. This style also allows employees to contribute to daily operations, supports work-life balance, and improves employee retention rates.

Psychopathological and Organic Features of Atypical Anorexia Nervosa in Developmental Age: A Systematic Review.

This study aimed to comprehensively report the epidemiological and clinical features of atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) in children and adolescents. In May 2024, a systematic review was performed using Medline, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and relevant websites. Following PRISMA guidelines, 234 articles were screened for studies on DSM-5-defined AAN. A standardized checklist-the JBI critical appraisal tool-was adopted in assessing methodology, and 13 retained studies passed the screening and critical appraisal process for the final review. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was utilized to assess the risk of bias in cohort and case-control studies, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of methodological quality. AAN prevalence in young age groups is 2.8%, with a cumulative 2.8% incidence over 8 years. Incidence is 366 per 100,000 person-years, and the average episode duration is 11.6 months, with a 71% remission rate. Diagnostic persistence for AAN is less stable than other restrictive feeding and eating disorders (FEDs). AAN individuals exhibit higher EDE-Q scores, more severe distress, and distinct BMI differences compared to those with anorexia nervosa and controls. The diagnostic transition from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5 shows that AAN patients are predominantly female, slightly older, and with higher weight. This study yields concrete insights into the features of AAN in the developmental age, highlighting demographic variations, clinical presentations, and treatment outcomes. Recognizing the unique challenges faced by AAN individuals is vital for tailoring effective interventions and improving overall care within the FED spectrum.

Evaluation of the Quality of Online Information About Perinatal Depression in China

This study assessed the quality of Chinese-language websites that provide information about perinatal depression, focusing on their compliance with recognized quality standards, the impact of information content providers on information quality, and the correlation between search engine ranking and quality. We conducted a systematic search on the Baidu search engine and screened 55 relevant websites. The quality of these websites was assessed using the DISCERN instruments. Our findings suggest that the quality of information on websites about perinatal depression is predominantly 'poor', with commercial sites constituting the entirety of the sample, although health information content provided by non-profit organizations demonstrating significantly higher quality. There was a significant negative correlation between search engine rankings and the quality of information on perinatal depression, suggesting that higher quality content is less likely to be searched for and may hinder access to reliable information. This study highlights the urgent need for mechanisms to prioritize the display of high-quality information in search engine results to provide better assistance to Chinese patients with perinatal depression.

A scoping review on what constitutes a good research culture

Background The crisis in research culture is well documented, covering issues such as a tendency for quantity over quality, unhealthy competitive environments, and assessment based on publications, journal prestige and funding. In response, research institutions need to assess their own practices to promote and advocate for change in the current research ecosystem. The purpose of the scoping review was to explore ‘What does the evidence say about the ‘problem’ with ‘poor’ research culture, what are the benefits of ‘good’ research culture, and what does ‘good’ look like?’ Aims To examine the peer-reviewed and grey literature to explore the interplay between research culture, open research, career paths, recognition and rewards, and equality, diversity, and inclusion, as part of a larger programme of activity for a research institution. Methods A scoping review was undertaken. Six databases were searched along with grey literature. Eligible literature had relevance to academic research institutions, addressed research culture, and were published between January 2017 to May 2022. Evidence was mapped and themed to specific categories. The search strategy, screening and analysis took place between April-May 2022. Results 1666 titles and abstracts, and 924 full text articles were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 253 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. A purposive sampling of relevant websites was drawn from to complement the review, resulting in 102 records included in the review. Key areas for consideration were identified across the four themes of job security, wellbeing and equality of opportunity, teamwork and interdisciplinary, and research quality and accountability. Conclusions There are opportunities for research institutions to improve their own practice, however institutional solutions cannot act in isolation. Research institutions and research funders need to work together to build a more sustainable and inclusive research culture that is diverse in nature and supports individuals’ well-being, career progression and performance.

A review of Global Carbon Markets from Kyoto to Paris and beyond: the persistent failure of implementation

This review article provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary and in-depth analysis of how the idea of Global Carbon Markets (GCM) has evolved from the Kyoto Protocol to the Paris Agreement and the post-Paris Agreement period (2015–2022) and why no real consensus has been reached after 25 years of negotiations, based on the categorisation of different arguments from different authors. We apply a semi-systematic review to 32 scientific articles, special reports, and relevant websites to analyse the failure in reaching international consensus on GCM. We apply three dichotomies, market vs. non-market-based approaches, top-down vs. bottom-up and national vs. international level. There are two striking findings. First (out of the articles that can easily be placed along all three dichotomies), there is an overwhelming majority of articles combining market-based, top-down, and international level explanations. This is however countered by a second finding, namely, that there is also a clear historical trend which is unlikely to change away from top-down and towards bottom-up approaches since the Paris agreement, combined with a movement towards more non-market-based and national approaches.

Exploring the Synergy of Web Usage Data and Content Mining for Personalized Effectiveness

In light of the exponential growth of web data and user volume, individuals are increasingly overwhelmed by information overload on the internet. Addressing this challenge, our study focuses on enhancing web information retrieval and presentation by leveraging web data mining techniques to uncover intrinsic relationships within textual, linkage, and usability data. Specifically, we aim to improve the performance of web information retrieval and presentation by analysing web data features. Our approach centres on web usage mining to identify usage patterns and integrate this knowledge with user profiles for personalized content delivery. Personalization, tailored to user’s characteristics and behaviours, serves to enhance engagement, conversion, and long-term commitment to websites. The objective of our research is to develop a web personalization system that enables users to access relevant website content without the need for explicit queries. This paper presents an extensive survey of various approaches proposed by researchers in the field of web personalization. It highlights the diverse methodologies and techniques employed to enhance user experience and engagement on the web. The paper identifies key challenges that require urgent attention to advance the field of web personalization.

Strategi Pengelolaan Kelas dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran Fiqih di MDT Al-Munjiyat Pontianak

This study aims to identify the factors that support and hinder classroom management strategies and evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies in enhancing the quality of learning. The research methodology employed is descriptive in nature and adopts a qualitative approach. The primary data sources consist of interviews, observations, and documentation obtained from school principals, teachers, and staff members. Secondary data sources include relevant journals, books, and websites. The data analysis entails data display, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The findings of the study reveal the following: 1) Teachers employ various strategies in classroom management such as maintaining a positive classroom atmosphere, adopting personal approaches towards students, organizing seating arrangements, providing individual attention, and offering constructive warnings. These efforts significantly contribute to improving the learning process and outcomes. 2) The supporting factors for effective classroom management strategies encompass the availability of adequate facilities, a relevant school curriculum, teachers' abilities and competencies, a conducive learning environment, collaborative interactions among teachers, school administrators, and principals, an efficient school management system, and a strong teacher-student rapport. 3) Teachers also employ strategic initiatives in classroom management, including the provision of school facilities, the inclusion of Quranic reading prior to lessons, the enhancement of teacher competence, self-evaluation by teachers throughout the planning and implementation stages of teaching, including lesson planning, and efforts to assess the students' circumstances. In conclusion, enhancing the quality of learning is contingent not only upon the efforts of teachers but also necessitates support from various factors, such as teacher competence, adequate facilities and infrastructure, and a conducive learning environment.

ENHANCING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT WITH AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN TECHNOLOGY-BASED PROGRAM: A MULTI-FACETED APPROACH

This paper builds upon a preliminary investigation into the effectiveness of authentic assessment within a Mobile Application Development course. Aligning with Luan & Cowling (2015), authentic assessment has been shown to enhance student motivation and satisfaction through engagement with real-world client projects. However, while the initial pilot study revealed increased motivation and satisfaction among most students engaged with real clients, a minority expressed concerns regarding performance pressure. This earlier pilot highlighted student anxiety associated with performance expectations in authentic assessment contexts. Notably, the current research on authentic assessment in mobile application development fails to adequately address this specific concern. To address these concerns and further investigate student acceptance of authentic assessment, this study proposes a novel multi-faceted approach for a Technology-based program offered at Central Queensland University. The approach integrates real-world client involvement with faculty-provided support resources. Clients will offer project insights, while faculty will curate relevant websites and examples to bridge the gap between client expectations and student understanding. This combined approach aims to leverage the benefits of authentic assessment (client interaction, real-world application) while mitigating student anxieties by providing targeted academic support. The study will evaluate the impact of this multi-faceted approach on student acceptance of authentic assessment and their motivation to complete the assessment task. The study will evaluate the impact of this multi-faceted approach on student acceptance of authentic assessment and their motivation to complete the assessment task.

Quality and readability of online information and materials on post-surgery breast seroma.

Aims/Background Seroma formation is the most common complication following breast surgery. However, there is little evidence on the readability of online patient education materials on this issue. This study aimed to assess the accessibility and readability of the relevant online information. Methods This systematic review of the literature identified 37 relevant websites for further analysis. The readability of each online article was assessed through using a range of readability formulae. Results The average Flesch-Reading Ease score for all patient education materials was 53.9 (± 21.9) and the average Flesch-Kincaid reading grade level was 7.32 (± 3.1), suggesting they were 'fairly difficult' to read and is higher than the recommended reading level. Conclusion Online patient education materials regarding post-surgery breast seroma are at a higher-than-recommended reading grade level for the public. Improvement would allow all patients, regardless of literacy level, to access such resources to aid decision-making around undergoing breast surgery.

Mapping the evidence on integrated service delivery for non-communicable and infectious disease comorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a scoping review

IntroductionThe concurrent occurrence of infectious diseases (IDs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) presents complex healthcare challenges in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where healthcare systems often grapple with limited resources. While an integrated...

The Impact of the Arms Race on the Economic Growth of the United States and Russia

The arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union (Russia) during the Cold War had a significant impact on the economic growth of both superpowers. This study examines how the allocation of vast resources for military purposes and threats affected other sectors of the economy. By analyzing historical data on military spending, industrial production, investment, and GDP. The research found that the arms race puts huge pressure on the state budget and creates a trade-off between military spending and investment in productive sectors, which ultimately hampers long-term economic growth in both countries. This study uses secondary data such as journal books, reports from Publish or Perish, Google Scholar, related and relevant websites regarding the arms race and its impact on economic growth through the library research method. The data collection technique used is data triangulation. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of the arms race between the US and Russia on the economic growth of both countries. Therefore, it is expected to provide insight and reference for the government in formulating policies regarding the arms race carried out by other countries. The results of this study found the negative impact of the arms race and the importance of placing resources wisely for sustainable economic growth. The impact of the United States and Russia's arms race can hamper long-term economic growth and welfare levels in both countries. Therefore, diplomacy of international cooperation and de-escalation of tensions are necessary to avoid an arms race due to uncontrolled increase in military spending

Indonesia's Digital Economic Policy To Increase Economic Resilience

The growth of information and communication technology (ICT) has changed the way people live their lives and conduct business. The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, characterized by the use of digital technology and the Internet of Things (IoT), has created a new economic environment known as the “digital economy." In this context, digital economy policy becomes very important to support sustainable economic growth and improve national economic resilience. This research aims to analyze Indonesia's digital economy policy in developing the digital economy in the context of Society 5.0 and Industrial Revolution 4.0. The main focus of the research is how government policies can strengthen the national economy. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative method with secondary data collected through a systematic review. Data were collected from various scholarly sources, including relevant journals, research publications, reports, and websites. This qualitative approach generates descriptive notes and data that are integrated into the text for further analysis. When policies are implemented correctly, that is, by paying attention to and realizing the various aspects that have an impact on the policy implementation process, it will produce the maximum benefits, including the Integration, Interactivity, Transparency, Control, and Accountability (IITCA) factors. The research shows that digital economy policies have a significant positive impact on economic growth and resilience. The implementation of the Digital Economic Agreement Framework (DEFA) is expected to strengthen the MSME sector, attract investment, encourage innovation, increase productivity, and create high-quality jobs. The establishment of the Digital Innovation and Sustainable Economy Center (DISC) also plays an important role in supporting the transformation of businesses and organizations towards a sustainable digital economy. In addition, the Indonesian government has improved digital infrastructure, such as 4G networks, 5G technology, and low-earth orbit satellites, and launched digital literacy and skills programs to reduce the digital divide and strengthen economic resilience. An effective digital economy policy can be a powerful instrument to strengthen a country's economic resilience. Research results confirm that the implementation of digital economy policies not only drives economic growth but also improves social and financial inclusion. Collaboration between the public sector, the business world, and civil society is essential for the successful implementation of this policy. In addition, transparency and accountability in the implementation of digital policies, such as through the use of blockchain technology and digital payment systems, can reduce corruption and ensure that government assistance and support are well-targeted. Overall, digital economy policies play an important role in strengthening national economic resilience amid the challenges and opportunities of the digital era.

Impact of Program Region and Prestige on Industry Supplemental Earnings for Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery Fellowships in the United States: A Retrospective Analysis

Introduction: With the passage of the Physician Payment Sunshine Act, there has been increased transparency regarding the industrial financial relations that physicians have. Orthopedic surgeons have been highly studied in this domain with approximately 50% of all orthopedic surgeons engaging in industrial financial relationships. Furthermore, an increasing number of orthopedic surgeons are seeking fellowship training with pediatric fellowship programs gaining popularity in recent years. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact various pediatric orthopedic fellowship programs have on industry earnings and academic productivity. Methods: Pediatric orthopedic fellowship programs were identified via the Orthopedic Society of North America (POSNA) website. Information on individual fellowship programs was obtained from their respective websites. Academic productivity was measured via an aggregate of all employed physicians’ H-index at a specific fellowship as found on the Scopus website. The Open Payments Database (OPD) website was used to assess lifetime industry earnings. Other variables such as Newsweek or Doximity ranking were taken directly from relevant websites. Statistical analysis was performed using a Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: A total of 43 pediatric orthopedic surgery fellowships in the United States were identified with a total of 392 physicians as fellowship faculty. Complete OPD and H-index information were available for 336 of those physicians (85.7%). On average, there were 7.81 ± 5.18 physicians and 1.56 ± 0.93 fellows per program. The mean combined physician H-index was 117.23 ± 122.51, and the mean combined physician lifetime supplemental earnings in dollars was $646,684.37 ± $1,159,507.17. There was no significant relationship between region of pediatric orthopedic fellowship, Newsweek ranking of affiliated hospital, Doximity ranking of affiliated hospital, presence of MBA program, type of program (public, private, mixed), and the lifetime industry earnings or academic productivity of program graduates. Conclusions: Despite the observed lack of statistical significance, there were clear trends observed with fellowship programs in the northeast and west coast regions being the highest earning and fellowship programs with top 10 Newsweek ranking of affiliated hospital having by far the greatest industry earnings. Sample size limitations likely prevented the detection of statistical significance. Future studies should examine if any relation exists when accounting for type of industry payment received and case volume per fellowship program.

Evaluating the web as a source of information for patients with chest wall deformities: insights into engagement and disparities.

Recent data highlight the internet's pivotal role as the primary information source for patients. In this study, we emulate a patient's/caregiver's quest for online information concerning chest deformities and assess the quality of available information. We conducted an internet search using combination of the terms "pectus excavatum," "pectus excavatum surgery," "funnel chest," "pectus excavatum repair" and identified the first 100 relevant websites from the three most popular search engines: Google, Yahoo, and Bing. These websites were evaluated using the modified Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) instrument. Of the 300 websites generated, 140 (46.7%) were included in our evaluation after elimination of duplicates, non-English websites, and those targeting medical professionals. The EQIP scores in the final sample ranged from 8 to 32/36, with a median score of 22. Most of the evaluated websites (32.8%) originated from hospitals, yet none met all 36 EQIP criteria. None of the evaluated websites pertaining to pectus excavatum achieved a flawless "content quality" score. The diverse array of websites potentially complicates patients' efforts to navigate toward high-quality resources. Barriers in accessing high-quality online patient information may contribute to disparities in referral, patient engagement, treatment satisfaction, and overall quality of life. IV.

Sensitivity and specificity of 61 commercial disease detection products: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 cohorts with approximately 445,000 enrolled samples.

e22505 Background: In 2020, a total of 19.29 million newly diagnosed cancer cases and 9.96 million cancer-related deaths worldwide. Timely cancer detection through disease screening technologies is crucial to reduce the burden of cancer significantly. Methods: We compiled a list of products from industry reports on early screening products and retrieved published papers testing these products from relevant company websites. Results: A comprehensive list of 80 disease detection or early screening products currently available in the market. Out of these, 61 products had published research articles. The products comprised nine multi-cancer early detection (MCED) and 52 single cancer/disease early detection (SCED) products, encompassing 26 different cancer types. Blood was the most frequently used sample type. The sensitivity and specificity of the products ranged from 27.1% to 100% and 32.5% to 100%, respectively. Many products aimed to enhance predictive accuracy by integrating various types of information, resulting in a 9% increase in specificity compared to products using only single-type factor. The average sensitivity and specificity for MCED products were 69.2% and 96.6%, respectively, while for SCED, the values were 86.4% and 80.0%. A significant disparity was observed in the number of products for different cancers/diseases, each with unique sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: An increasing number of cohort studies provide evidence that these products can serve as complementary tools for cancer/disease screening and diagnosis. In our opinion, an ideal product should strike a balance between safety, accuracy, convenience, and cost-effectiveness. [Table: see text]

Corporate Social Responsibility and Stock Price Reactions

This research aims to investigate the impact of CSR disclosure on share prices, mediated by profitability. This research uses a quantitative method and gathering secondary data from OSIRIS and Company Sustainability Reports on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) website, as well as relevant company websites. This study's sample consists of 99 mining companies from 2018 to 2022. To determine the indirect effect of the mediating variable, this study used multiple regression analysis using the IBM SPSS and the Sobel test. The findings show that CSR Disclosure has no significant effect on share prices due to the low proportion of CSR disclosures in the company's sustainability report. Meanwhile, CSR Disclosure has a significant negative effect on profitability, and profitability has a significant positive effect on share prices. Profitability can mediate the relationship between CSR Disclosure and share prices.

Effect of Liquidity and Company Size on Company Value of Food and Beverage Companies Listed in The Indonesia Effects Secretary for The Period 2018-2022

The phenomenon occurring in Food and Beverage (F&B) companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) reflects the broader development of the F&B industry in Indonesia. This research aims to provide an overview of the condition of the F&B industry in Indonesia by examining the impact of liquidity and company size on firm value. This quantitative and associative study utilizes non-participant observation to collect data from the official IDX website (www.idx.co.id) and relevant company websites, focusing on financial reports for analysis. The population consists of F&B companies listed on the IDX from 2018 to 2022. Using purposive sampling, 29 companies were selected, resulting in a total of 145 observations over five years. Data analysis was conducted using the E-Views application. The results indicate that both liquidity and company size have a positive and significant effect on firm value. Recommendations for company management include optimizing inventory to ensure smooth operations and minimizing storage costs. Investors are advised to consider liquidity ratios, such as the current ratio and quick ratio, to assess a company's ability to meet short-term obligations. Future research should incorporate additional variables such as leverage, capital structure, and governance, employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches to gain a deeper understanding of these relationships. Comparing results across different contexts can also enhance understanding.