The increasing reliance of college students on digital systems has created a need for immediate IT support and easy access to career and placement-related information. Conventional support mechanisms often struggle to provide quick technical assistance or placement guidance, particularly beyond regular working hours, resulting in delays and reduced efficiency. To overcome these limitations, the College IT Assistant App has been designed as a smart Android-based platform that combines secure user authentication with an AI-powered Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) chatbot and a dedicated Training & Placement (T&P) module. The application enables students to receive real-time IT assistance, customized placement notifications, and access to previously asked interview questions categorized by academic branch and year. This paper surveys existing AI-driven educational support and placement solutions, highlighting how the integration of RAG models with Android and FastAPI frameworks improves information retrieval accuracy and enhances overall user experience. Additionally, the study discusses the advantages of a modular system architecture, ERP-based secure authentication, and the adoption of Jetpack Compose for modern user interface development. The findings indicate that combining hybrid AI–API architectures with personalized data analytics can greatly enhance the accessibility, dependability, and scalability of IT and placement support systems in higher education.

Background and Aims: Mandibular fractures are among the most common facial fractures, typically ranking first or second after nasal fractures, the aim of the current study was to analyse the outcomes of mandible fractures treated using mini plate with and without IMF; and reconstruction plate with or without IMF. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective study preformed for patients with mandibular fractures treated surgically in Military Hospital in Sana’a city, Yemen during a 2024. The patients divided in 4 groups in respect to treatment, mini plate with and without IMF; and reconstruction plate with or without IMF. Demographic information, systemic sickness, aetiology, fracture location, any related systemic disorders or facial injuries, kind and timing of repair, and antibiotic treatment were all gathered. Complications include infection, non-union or malunion, hardware failure, and wound dehiscence were also noted. Results: The study analyzed 40 male patients with an average age of 26.7 years. Notably, 67.5% of fractures resulted from road traffic accidents, with fractures primarily classified as simple (50%) and closed (72.5%). Occlusion issues were significant, affecting 67.5% of the patients. In evaluating mandibular nerve injury, 62.5% of patients experienced local numbness. Treatment methods included mini-plate fixation (67.5%) and reconstruction plates (32.5%). The complication rate was 25.9% for mini-plates versus 46.2% for reconstruction plates, with wound herniation and sensory impairment being the most frequent complications. Conclusions: The complication rates in this group are consistent with published studies, although differences may stem from the small sample size, short follow-up period, and patients' comorbidities. The involvement of experienced surgeons during regular working hours likely contributed to the excellent outcomes, and despite the challenges, most patients achieved positive results. Peer Review History: Received 5 October 2025; Reviewed 10 November 2025; Accepted 11 December; Available online 15 January 2026 Academic Editor: Prof. Dr. Gorkem Dulger, Duzce University, Turkey, gorkemdulger@yandex.com Reviewers: Prof. Syamsudin Abdillah, Pancasila University, Indonesia, syamsudin.abdillah@gmail.com Sheima Nadim Kadhim, Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of pharmacy, University of Basra, Iraq. ph.sheimanadim@yahoo.com

Research is acentral pillar of academic otorhinolaryngology. However, clinicians increasingly face difficulties with integrating scientific activity into their demanding clinical routines. This study aimed to assess research motivation, perceived barriers, and structural conditions among clinicians at German university ENT departments and to derive practical recommendations for improvement. An anonymized online survey was distributed among otorhinolaryngologists working in German academic hospitals. Data were analyzed descriptively. Of 131respondents, 84% worked fulltime, 89% held adoctoral degree, and 28% had completed habilitation. While extrinsic motivation dominated among doctoral candidates, habilitation aspirants were more driven by intrinsic factors such as scientific curiosity and enjoyment of research. Main obstacles included insufficient staffing, high documentation load, and lack of protected research time. Research was frequently conducted outside of regular working hours. Although research development was regularly addressed by management levels, only 36% felt adequately supported. Moreover, 68% of participants reported no perceived benefit of research engagement for their surgical training opportunities. These findings highlight asystemic tension between clinical demands and research. To ensure sustainable academic productivity in university ENT departments, institutional strategies such as protected time, reduction of the bureaucratic burden, and transparent support mechanisms are needed.

Abstract – This paper explores the way women faculty members in their early career balance work and life and how these mechanisms affect their wellbeing in modern academic settings. Using a convergent mixed-method design, the study is a combination of the quantitative survey data (200) and the qualitative interview data (20). It has been shown that the most notable predictors of wellbeing are temporal and behavioural aspects, including setting regular working hours, communicating less after-hours and engaging in digital detachment, which explains 42% of the wellbeing variance. On the other hand, spatial and communicative boundaries are not as strong, yet they have a lesser impact because of hybrid work practices and expectation of being available at all times. Qualitative insights also make it clear that there are four common themes that include temporal guarding, space blurring, behavioural detachment, and communicative negotiation. The combination of these findings proves that wellbeing is maintained when the faculty has agency over time and behaviour and is compromised when organizational cultures glorify overwork and accessibility. The paper highlights that institutional reforms to accompany those individual strategies should include the policies of flexible workloads, gender-related wellbeing interventions, and leadership that respects boundaries in order to create sustainable academic careers. This study, by putting the boundary management issue into context of gender academic arrangements, brings in the idea of boundary theory and job demands resource model besides providing practical implications to policy and practice. Key Words: Work-life boundaries, female faculty, wellbeing, boundary management theory, temporal segmentation, behavioural detachment

Rapid diagnosis of pediatric nonconvulsive status epilepticus using point-of-care EEG.

The Parish of Saint Stanislaus Girisonta, situated in Semarang Regency, is surrounded by numerous industrial factories, attracting a significant number of Catholic migrant workers. However, the Church lacks comprehensive data on these migrants and has not yet developed a dedicated pastoral program to address their spiritual needs. This study examines the current state of pastoral care for factory employees in Girisonta Parish, explores their expectations for spiritual support, and evaluates the implementation of relevant pastoral initiatives. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that while pastoral care in Girisonta Parish is generally well-structured, it has not been specifically adapted to the needs of factory workers and migrants. Employees express the need for more flexible pastoral services, including the formation of a Catholic employee community, Masses outside regular working hours, and spiritual guidance that accommodates their work schedules. Despite the increasing presence of Catholic factory workers, no structured pastoral program currently exists to provide consistent support for them. This study highlights the urgency of establishing targeted pastoral initiatives to foster a stronger spiritual connection among Catholic migrant workers in Girisonta Parish.

Catheter-directed thrombolysis using the EkoSonic™ Endovascular System (EKOS) is an established therapy for intermediate-high risk (IHR) pulmonary embolism (PE). However, whether the timing of intervention, during regular working hours (RW) versus (vs.) on duty hours (OD), impacts safety and efficacy outcomes remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with IHR-PE treated with EKOS-lysis at three German centers between 08/2020 and 12/2023. Patients were grouped by timing into RW and OD group, based on institutional definitions of working hours. The primary endpoint was procedural safety, including in-hospital mortality of any cause and bleeding/non-bleedings complications. Secondary outcome compromised echocardiographic efficacy parameters, including reduction in right ventricular to left ventricular (RV/LV) ratio, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), and improvement in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Of 154 patients, 99 procedures were performed during RW hours, while 55 were done during OD hours. Baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups. Door-to-EKOS time (20.6 (4.8; 44) h vs. 7.2 (4,1; 19) h; p = 0.012) and CT-EKOS time (6.4 (1.3; 20) h vs. 2.3 (1.4; 3.5) h; p = 0.002) were significantly shorter during OD. Overall complication rates were lower OD (20 (20.2%) vs. 4 (7.3%); p = 0.038), with fewer bleeding events (18 (18.2%) vs. 3 (5.5%); p = 0.029). In-hospital mortality was similar (RW 8 (8.1%) vs. OD 2 (3.6%); p = 0.496). Both groups showed significant improvement in echocardiographic parameters with no significant intergroup differences in treatment efficacy. EKOS-lysis performed during OD hours is safe and effective, with even fewer complications than during RW hours. These findings support the feasibility and safety of continuous PE-care by an experienced Pulmonary Embolism Response Team irrespective of procedural timing.

Abstract Background Nursing home residents (NHRs) represent a complex and growing patient population with increasing Emergency Department (ED) attendances. Their care frequently requires multidisciplinary input, while specialised geriatric services tailored to this cohort exist, their availability is often limited to daytime hours. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on out of hours medical ED admissions of NHRs over a six month period, from November 2023 to April 2024. Data collected included demographics, time of arrival, presenting complaints, clinical acuity, and length of stay. Out of hours was defined as attendance after 17:00 on weekdays and anytime during weekends or public holidays. Results A total of 77 (60.2%) NHRs medical admissions occurred out of hours, with 45.5% presenting by 21:00. Infectious symptoms were the most common presenting complaints, accounting for 48.1%, (n=37), followed by gastrointestinal issues with 14.3%, (n=11) and neurological problems at 13%, (n=10). Upon arrival, 58.8% (n=45) were triaged as category 2 (very urgent) according to the Manchester Triage System, 26% (n=20) met sepsis criteria and 16.9% (n=13) had an oxygen requirement. The average duration of symptoms before presentation was 2.08 days (0–14). The average ED stay was 0.86 days, with a mean inpatient length of stay of 9.33 days. The three month mortality rate was 24.7%, with 7.68% (n=6) of NHRs dying during their inpatient stay. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the majority of NHRs presented to ED outside of regular working hours, when specialised geriatrician led services are limited. A significant number did not meet sepsis criteria or had a new oxygen requirement. Their three monthly mortality was 24.7%. These findings support the need to consider enhanced, ambulatory nursing homes outreach services, to deliver timely, and coordinated care, and potentially reduce ED presentations.

While the vulnerability of cycle rickshaw pullers to extreme heat is well recognized, little effort has been devoted to modeling how their physiological biomarkers respond under such conditions. In this study, we collect real-time weather and physiological data using a wearable computing platform from 100 rickshaw pullers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. In parallel, we interview 12 additional rickshaw pullers to explore their knowledge, perceptions, and experiences related to climate change. We propose a Linear Gaussian Bayesian Network (LGBN)-based regression model that predicts key physiological biomarkers based on activity, weather, and demographic features. The model achieves normalized mean absolute error (NMAE) of 0.82, 0.47, 0.65, and 0.67, respectively, for the biomarker: skin temperature, relative cardiac cost, skin conductance response, and skin conductance level. Using climate model projections from 18 CMIP6 global climate models, we layer the LGBN on top of future climate forecasts to conduct a survivability analysis for both current (2023-2025) and future years (2026-2100). Based on the criteria T WEGT > 31.1° C and T skiin > 35°C, the analysis shows that a significant percentage of rickshaw pullers (32%) are already facing a high risk of heat-related illness or prolonged exposure to extreme heat (T WBGT > 31.1°C) during regular work hours. In future years, e.g., 2026–2030, based on the CMIP6-based climate models, this percentage can rise to 37 ±17% with an exposure duration of 11.9 ±2 minutes (68% of the trip duration) on average. A similar trend is found based on rickshaw pullers' skin temperature with exposure (T skin > 35°C) durations expanding from 11 minutes (64% of the trip duration) to 13 ± 2 minutes (73% of the trip duration) by 2026-2030. Finally, a Thematic Analysis of interview data provides qualitative insights that complement the current observation and model's predictions in the future. The findings reveal that rickshaw

The global population of patients with kidney disease is steadily increasing; however, the number of nephrologists available to treat this patient group is concurrently declining. Although the underlying causes of this trend have been investigated in various countries, no such study has been conducted in Türkiye. Therefore, in this survey study, we aimed to examine the perspectives of internal medicine research assistants in our country regarding the nephrology subspecialty. This cross-sectional survey targeted all internal medicine research assistants working in 80 university and training/research hospitals across seven geographical regions of Türkiye. Data were collected through an online questionnaire developed by the researchers, created using Google Forms (Google LLC, Mountain View, CA, USA), and distributed to participants via e-mail or text message. A total of 2161 research assistants participated in the study, corresponding to a response rate of 60%. Of the participants, 52.1% were female and 47.9% male; 50.4% worked in university hospitals; and 89.6% had never worked in another specialty. The majority reported that they either did not wish to pursue nephrology (50.7%) or were undecided (27.7%). The three most frequently cited reasons for not choosing nephrology were: the high frequency of emergency cases (64.1%), the intense workload during regular working hours (51.7%), and the complexity and severity of the patient population (45.5%). Among those not planning to choose nephrology, 83.7% stated they might reconsider if on-call duties and shifts were less demanding, 44.3% if economic conditions improved, and 19.9% if they had the opportunity to attend a nephrology congress during residency. A heavy daytime workload, demanding on-call duties, limited financial incentives, and the presence of a chronically ill and complex patient population contribute to the low preference for nephrology in Türkiye. Implementing measures to address these issues may enhance the attractiveness of nephrology and strengthen the healthcare system in the future.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-28375-x.

The MARI-SERBU (Malam Hari Senin Rabu) innovation in Sukodono District, Sidoarjo, is a public service that operates in the evening, specifically on Mondays and Wednesdays from 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM. This program, managed by the District Office, provides services for managing population administration. This innovation offers a solution for people who are busy during regular working hours, allowing them to take care of their population documents. This study aims to describe the implementation of the "MARI-SERBU" population service innovation in Sukodono District, Sidoarjo, using Rogers' Innovation Theory, which includes relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. The results of this study indicate that the MARI-SERBU service innovation in Sukodono District benefits the community by allowing them to manage population administration at night. Furthermore, this innovation has successfully met four indicators of innovation: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, and trialability. However, the observability indicator has not yet been fully achieved, as some community members are still unaware of the MARI-SERBU innovation due to insufficient information dissemination in physical form by the Sukodono District Office, Sidoarjo.

This study investigates the limitations of existing models in optimizing equipment resource allocation for the large-scale production of precast concrete components in highway engineering. There are abundant investigations on scheduling models of precast concrete components. However, there is a scientific problem that previous models often overlooked the interruptibility of specific processes and the possibility of performing tasks outside of regular working hours, leading to suboptimal resource utilization. To address this limitation, an improved differential evolution (DE) algorithm was developed, which incorporates an adaptive mutation operator and a dual mutation strategy to enhance population diversity and accelerate convergence speed. The proposed optimization model significantly reduced equipment resource consumption. In a real-world case study, the model achieved an 11.11% reduction in project duration and a 21.4% increase in production capacity under the same resource configuration. The improved DE algorithm demonstrated superior performance in maintaining population diversity and accelerating convergence. These findings provide a scientifically grounded approach for enhancing productivity and resource efficiency in prefabricated construction, with potential applications extending beyond highway projects.

Abstract Description We studied pharmacy school instructors at Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois. Most pharmacy school instructors (84%) say they don’t have enough time during their regular work hours to do tasks like grading, lesson planning, paperwork, and answering work emails. Among those who feel this way, 81% say simply having too much work is a significant reason. Many also point to having to spend time helping students outside the classroom, performing non-teaching service duties, and covering other teachers’ classrooms as at least minor reasons they don’t have enough time to finish all their work. Most instructors (54%) say it’s very or somewhat difficult for them to balance work and their personal lives. About one in four (26%) say it’s very or somewhat easy for them to balance these things, and 20% say it’s neither easy nor difficult. Among instructors, women are more likely than men to say work-life balance is difficult (57% vs. 43%). Women instructors are also more likely to say they often find their job stressful or overwhelming. Most instructors (82%) say pharmacy education in the USA has worsened in the past five years. Very few are optimistic about the next five years: Only 20% of instructors say pharmacy education will be much or somewhat better five years from now. A narrow majority (53%) say it will be worse. Topic Categories Immunology Education and Communication (EDU)

Chronic habitual foreign body ingestion (chFI) in adults represents arare but clinically relevant challenge in emergency medicine. Recurrent presentations, high resource consumption and the need for interdisciplinary care further complicate the management. To date, there is alack of systematic data on the current care reality in German emergency departments (ED). To evaluate the frequency, hospital resource demands and structural challenges associated with chFI as perceived by heads of medical EDs. Anationwide anonymous online survey was conducted among medical directors of German EDs using astandardized questionnaire. Structural, clinical and organizational aspects of care were assessed. Data were analyzed descriptively. Free-text responses were evaluated using inductive category development. Of the 1081 e‑mail invitations sent 831 (77%) were successfully delivered; 167 institutions participated in the survey (response rate: 20%). Atotal of 45% reported ≥ 15 presentations of patients with chFI per year. In 88% of cases endoscopy was performed as an emergency procedure, mostly outside of regular working hours. In addition to the ED and endoscopy unit, intensive care (47%) and psychiatry (34%) were frequently involved. In 66% of cases further treatment took place in apsychiatric hospital or ward. Key areas for improvement included early psychiatric involvement, clear indication criteria for endoscopy, and structured interdisciplinary collaboration. The chFI represents arelevant challenge in emergency medicine. Repeated presentations and the lack of interdisciplinary treatment standards highlight the need for standardized care pathways with mandatory psychiatric integration.

Teaching is widely recognized as a profession characterized by high levels of occupational stress. This study investigates the impact of teachers’ after-hours work-related social media communication (WRSMU) on job burnout, as well as the mediating role of work stress within the framework of the job demands-resources (JD-R) model. Furthermore, the study examines whether teachers’ work values moderate the relationship between after-hours work-related social media use and work stress. The study targeted university teachers in Sichuan province, China, and employed a questionnaire survey to collect data. A total of 936 questionnaires were distributed, of which 842 were deemed valid. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0 to test the conceptual model. The results indicated that: (1) There is a positive relationship between work-related social media use (WRSMU) outside regular work hours and work stress. (2) Work stress plays a mediating role between WRSMU after work and job burnout. The antecedents of teacher job burnout are a topic worthy of attention in both academic and practice. This study highlights the complex relationship between teachers’ after-hours work-related social media use (WRSMU), work stress, work values, and job burnout. The findings demonstrate that while Work-related public social media use after work hours can enhance communication efficiency, excessive use after work hours increases work stress and contributes to job burnout. In addition, future studies can investigate other moderating or mediating variables that affect teacher job burnout.

Continuous EEG (cEEG) is the gold standard for diagnosing nonconvulsive seizures (NCSs) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in critically ill patients, with NCSE occurring in 8%-10% of patients with unexplained coma. Untreated NCSs are associated with secondary brain injury, as well as increased mortality and morbidity. cEEG monitoring allows clinicians to identify more than twice the number of seizures compared with a 30-min routine EEG recording. However, there are limited data on cEEG practices in Canadian hospitals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability, indications, and barriers to cEEG access in Canada. A national cross-sectional survey was distributed to EEG laboratory directors and physicians who interpret cEEGs to assess cEEG monitoring practices in Canadian adult hospitals. The survey evaluated institutional cEEG availability, clinical applications, and technical infrastructure. Among 1,267 adult hospitals in Canada, only 92 hospital networks (9%) were identified as having an EEG laboratory. Twenty-four were identified as potentially offering cEEG monitoring, and a survey was sent to a physician at these institutions. Responses were received from 22 institutions (92% response rate), with 19 hospital networks reporting cEEG availability-representing just 2% of Canadian hospitals. Geographic disparities were significant, with 3 provinces and all 3 territories lacking cEEG access. Among tertiary care hospitals, only 68% reported cEEG availability. Barriers included insufficient EEG technologist coverage and prolonged processing periods for 24-hour EEG recordings. Most institutions lacked standardized guidelines, were unable to perform new cEEG hookups after regular work hours, and did not have access to abbreviated montages when cEEG was unavailable. cEEG availability in Canada is highly limited, including at tertiary care centers, with significant geographic inequities and operational barriers. Most Canadian hospitals do not meet guideline standards for cEEG use. These findings highlight the need for systemic changes to improve cEEG access and align Canadian cEEG practices with international standards.

Daycare is a child care center (TPA) or childcare facility that is carried out in groups, usually held during regular working hours. Many parents are busy working outside the home, for parents who already have children will need help in caring for their children. Childcare Centers (TPA) become a means to replace family during periods when parents are working or other needs. Based on the questionnaire data obtained, it is known that parents have difficulty in finding childcare centers and information. Childcare centers are one form of early childhood education, where children will be cared for, looked after, and educated. However, the lack of information regarding Childcare Centers (TPA), many parents bring their children to their workplaces. These childcare centers are intended for parents who are busy working and have difficulty caring for their children. This study aims to build a Web-based application that can help parents in finding information about childcare centers. The design method used is the prototype method. This Web-based system and was tested using the Black Box testing method. The results of this study indicate that this system can help parents and childcare centers, and this system works according to the expected functions.

Community health workers (CHWs) offer essential services for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in low-resource settings. However, understanding and optimizing CHW performance is challenging as CHWs work remotely and over large geographical areas. A mobile health (mHealth) application, mUzima, was introduced in one district in Mozambique to support CHWs during patient visits. Usefulness of mUzima-derived logs to inform CHW performance and work patterns was evaluated. Derived from 113,893 cleaned log records, the 29 CHWs who used mUzima for 8,896 distinct encounters worked an average 2.65 days per week, with encounter documentation length within mUzima taking 3.6 minutes (SD 5.8). Mean length of mUzima usage was 2.7 hours per day (SD 4.0), with 30.7% of encounter data entered outside of regular work hours. Roughly 83% of CHWs entered visit data into mUzima on weekends. mHealth-usage logs offer novel insights into work patterns by CHWs, informing approaches to best support them.

Banjarsari Sub-district is one of the government agencies that has duties and functions in supporting public services, especially population administration services. To realize maximum service, Banjarsari Sub-district presents the “Mlebu Peteng” innovation, namely administrative services at night as a form of adaptation to the needs of people who have limited time during regular working hours. This innovation is an effort to improve service quality by expanding community access to public services. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of the “Mlebu Peteng” night service at the Surakarta City Banjarsari Sub-district Office and the obstacles experienced during the service process. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the “Mlebu Peteng” innovation has helped the community in obtaining services outside working hours, with the level of community satisfaction reaching 91.77% in 2024. Based on George C. Edward III's policy implementation theory, the success of this innovation is supported by effective communication, adequate resources, positive disposition of officers, and a clear bureaucratic structure. However, there are several obstacles such as the lack of budget for officer incentives, uneven understanding of technology among staff, limited KTP-el recording services and SOPs that do not include mechanisms for handling technical complaints.

Objective: This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the SIMMAMAH (Ready to Serve the Community at Night) Program which is an innovation in population administration services in Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency. The background of this programme is to provide services to people who do not have free time during regular working hours. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques through interviews, direct observation, and documentation. Method: The analysis in this study refers to the theory of effectiveness according to Duncan which includes three main indicators, namely goal achievement, integration, and adaptation. Result: The results show that the SIMMAMAH Programme is effective in reaching out to the community, especially to those who work during the day, as shown by the increasing number of service users for documents such as Family Cards (KK) and Child Identity Cards (KIA) from 2022 to 2023. The programme has also been integrated with the village service system and continues to run despite leadership changes. In terms of adaptation, SIMMAMAH shows flexibility in operational time but still faces constraints on fixed scheduling and limited information dissemination. Novelty: The result of this research lies in the in-depth analysis of non-regular time (night-time) based public service innovations and the importance of schedule flexibility and more effective communication strategies to improve accessibility of civil registration services.