Seoul Region Research Articles

공간효과분석을 이용한 건강보험 환자 관외 의료이용도와 관련된 요소분석

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between areas of Korea Train Express (KTX) region and external medical service use in Korean society using spatial statistical model. Methods: The data which was used in this study was extracted from 2011 regional health care utilization statistics and health insurance key statistics from National Health Insurance Corporation. A total spatial units of 229 districts (si-gun-gu) were included in this study and spatial area was all parts of the country excepted Jeju, Ulleungdo island. We conducted Kruskal-Wallis test, correlation, Moran's I and hot-spot analysis. And after, ordinary linear regression, spatial lag, spatial error analysis was performed in order to find factors which were associated with external medical service use. The data was processed by SAS ver. 9.1 and Geoda095i (windows). Results: Moran's I of health insurance patients' external medical service use was 0.644. Also, population density, Seoul region, doctor factors positively associated with health insurance patients' external medical service. In contrast, average age, health care organization per 100 thousand were negatively associated with health insurance patients' external medical service use. Conclusion: The finding of this study suggested that health insurance patient's external medical service use correlated for seoul region in korea. The study results imply the need for more attention medical needs in the region (si-gun-gu unit) for health insurance patients of seoul region. It is important to adapt strategy to activation of primary health care as well as enhancing public health institution for prevent leakage of patients to other areas.

3, 5세 유아의 실행기능과 언어능력의 관계

The aims of this study are to investigate the differences of the preschoolers' executive function and verbal ability according to their age, and to identify whether the preschoolers' executive function is related to their verbal ability. The participants in this study are 151 children, ages 3-and 5-years old from five child-care centers located in a middle-income region of Seoul. Statistical methods used for the data analysis are the frequencies, means, standard deviations, an independent t-test, and Pearson correlation. The major findings are as follows. First, an age difference is found for children's executive function. The 5-year-olds are more likely to succeed on tasks of executive function than the 3-year-olds. Also, age difference is found for children's verbal ability. The 5-year-olds perform better on tests of verbal ability than the 3-year-olds. Last, the 3-year-olds' and 5-year-olds' executive function is related to their verbal ability. Inhibition and cognitive flexibility are significantly correlated with verbal ability. These results suggest that preschoolers' executive function and verbal ability develop during preschool age. These results also suggest that preschoolers' executive function is related to their verbal ability.

공동주택 외부 공간의 유형(類型)에 따른 특성화에 관한 연구 - 2005년 이후, 서울시 재건축·재개발된 공동주택 외부 공간 사례 중심으로 -

As the modern-day Apartment Complex has varied community facilities such as health care center and self-improvement institutions affecting the residents' quality of life, this paper is for the in-depth understanding on how such Exterior Space vary and development plan should go. To be specific, this paper is to, based upon the theoretical contemplation on the concept and role of the Exterior Space to Apartment Complex, as well as drawing a conclusion on the development plan for subject areas as assessed. Subject areas of this paper are a total of twelve Apartment Complexes built since Year 2005 in nine different regions in Seoul. As such specialties and features as leisure of the senior citizen and female residents, the subject Apartment Complexes have provided opportunities, active and inactive, to the residents for leisure by qualitative improvement of facilities, as well as establishing the discrete brand value for the Exterior Space with featured design and spatial properties. Also notable is the eco-friendliness of the Exterior Space with cutting-edge technology, eventually appreciating the value of Apartment Complex.

수자원분야 활용을 위한 최적 강수격자크기 및 관측소밀도 연구

보다 안전하고 경제적인 강수 관측망 운용과 공간 강수자료를 수자원분야에 효과적으로 활용하기 위한 목적에서, 현재 기상청 관할 관측소 밀도의 적정성 검토와 공간 강수량 생산 시 적정 격자크기에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 우리나라 AWS 관측소가 가장 조밀한 서울지역에 대해 관측소 밀도별 격자 크기별 면적평균 강수량 및 추정된 격자강수량의 공간 정확도를 비교하여 보았다. 서울지역의 29개 관측소를 대상으로, 2001~2010년 기상청 AWS 및 ASOS 일강수량 자료와 다중이차내삽법(Multi-quadric interpolation method; MQI)을 사용하여 관측소 밀도별, 격자 크기별 격자강수량을 산정하였다. 적정 관측밀도 분석을 위해 29개 관측소 일 때(관측소간 평균거리 약 5 km), 20개 관측소 일 때(관측소간 평균거리 약 6 km) 그리고, 7개 관측소 일 때(관측소간 평균거리 약 10 km)로 구분하고, 적정 격자크기 분석을 위해 각각의 관측 밀도에 대해 10 km, 5 km, 1 km의 격자강수량을 산정하여 비교하였다. 관측소 밀도와 격자 크기에 따른 추정된 격자강수량의 정확도 분석 결과, 추정된 격자강수량의 공간 정확도를 높이기 위해서는 관측밀도가 가장 중요한 요소로 작용하였다. 그리고 우리나라의 경우 정확한 공간 강수량 추정을 위한 관측소 밀도는 대략 5 km 이하가 적절하고, 격자크기는 1 km 이하가 적절한 것으로 나타났다. In a purpose to manage precipitation monitoring network more safely and economically and to efficiently use spatial precipitation data in the water resources, we conducted a trade off study on density of Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) stations and analysis on optimal grid size when estimating accurate spatial precipitation. For the analysis, we compared areal precipitation and spatial accuracy of estimated grid precipitation by station densities and grid sizes for Seoul region where Automatic Weather System (AWS) stations were most dense. Based on 29 stations near in Seoul, we estimated grid precipitation by station densities, grid sizes using daily precipitation data of KMA's AWS and Automatic Synoptic Observation System (ASOS) during 2001-2010. To find a optimal station density, we specified the case of 29 stations (average distance about 5km between stations), 20 stations (average distance about 6 km between stations) and 7 stations (average distance about 10km between stations). Then, we also calculated grid precipitation of 10 km, 5 km, 1 km size by each station density to find a optimal grid size. From the results of a accuracy tests on the estimated grid precipitation by station density and grid size, we found that station density acted as the most crucial factor to improve space accuracy. In addition, for an accurate spatial precipitation estimation, the appropriate station density and grid size should be sub-5 km and sub-1km respectively in South Korea.

A Study on the Effects of Downsizing Kitchen Employees in Hotels on Job Attitude - Focusing on the Individual Behavior Types(DISC) of Kitchen Employees in the Hotels in the Seoul and Daejeon Regions -

A Study on the Effects of Downsizing Kitchen Employees in Hotels on Job Attitude - Focusing on the Individual Behavior Types(DISC) of Kitchen Employees in the Hotels in the Seoul and Daejeon Regions -

A Study on the Effects of Downsizing Kitchen Employees in Hotels on Job Attitude - Focusing on the Individual Behavior Types(DISC) of Kitchen Employees in the Hotels in the Seoul and Daejeon Regions -

A Study on the Effects of Downsizing Kitchen Employees in Hotels on Job Attitude - Focusing on the Individual Behavior Types(DISC) of Kitchen Employees in the Hotels in the Seoul and Daejeon Regions -

Discourse Functions of -Ketun and -Tela in Spoken Korean

This paper aims to examine the discourse functions of sentence-ending suffixes -ketun and -tela by looking at their interaction in modern spoken Korean. The data consists of 10 narrative corpora, collected in 2001 as part of ‘the Seoul Dialect Project’ by the National Institute of Korean Language, and 91 spoken corpora, made public by ‘the 21st Century Sejong Project.’ The narrative corpora include 10 middle-aged speakers from the Seoul region talking about their childhood. The spoken corpora include 40 monologues, 35 everyday conversations, five telephone conversations, and 11 thematic discussions. The results show that the -ketun and -tela sequences are usually used by a single speaker, and the -ketun to -tela sequence is more common than the other way around. A close examination of -ketun to -tela sequences shows that -ketun marks the background or setting for what the speaker is trying to say, which is marked by the following -tela. On the other hand, -tela to -ketun sequences show that -tela marks the speaker’s observation, which is followed by -ketun marking its cause or reason. It seems that -tela usually marks the speaker’s focus because of the unexpectedness or surprise element in its inherent meaning. Overall, it seems that the results of this study confirm those by previous studies on them by examining their interaction in spoken discourse.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Five Odor Reducing Agents for Sewer System Odors Using an On-Line Total Reduced Sulfur Analyzer

Sewer odors have been a concern to citizens of the Metropolitan Seoul region, which has installed combined sewer systems (CSSs) in 86% of its area. Although a variety of odorants are released from sewers, volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) have been recognized as major ones. A number of technologies have been proposed to monitor or control odors from sewers. One of the most popular strategies adopted for the control of sewage odor is by applying a commercial odor-reducing agent into the sewer. In this study, the effectiveness of five different commercial odor-reducing agents (i.e., an odor masking agent, an alkaline solution, two microbial agents, and a chemical oxidant) was evaluated by continuously monitoring VSCs released from the sewer with an on-line total reduced sulfur (TRS) analyzer before and after each agent was sprayed into CSSs at five different locations of the city. In short, when the effectiveness of odor treatment was tested in the sewer system using five commercial odor reducing treatments, only the chemical oxidant was good enough to reduce the odor in terms of TRS levels measured before and after the application (p < 0.01).

사물의 범주 위계에 따른 영아의 범주화 수행

The purposes of this study were to investigate how children`s categorization differs in object categorical hierarchy and to examine whether these aspects were different according to the children`s age of 18 months, 24 months, 30 months. The participants consisted of 120 young children aged 18 months, 24 months, and 30 months from 31 child-care centers located in middle-income regions of Seoul and Kyonggi Province. The major findings were as follows : First, all the children from all three age groups could consistently differentiate the superordinates; however, they could not consistently differentiate basic categories. Second, 24 month appears to be a critical change period in category development. Third, as the children become older, they are able to acquire more knowledge regarding categories. These results suggested that the advent of ordering, in terms of basic categories as well as superordinates which occurred around the age of 24 month, was confirmed in category development.

서울시 보도의 보행 LOS 진단 및 분석방법 개선에 관한 연구

보행시설의 보행 LOS 산정시 한국도로용량편람의 방법론을 주로 사용하고 있는데, 지나치게 양호한 결과가 도출된다는 문제점이 지속적으로 지적되어 왔다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 현재 널리 이용되고 있는 한국도로용량편람의 보행 LOS 분석방법에 대한 문제점을 파악하고, 서울시 사례를 이용하여, 다양한 보행시설 중 보도의 보행 LOS 분석방법에 대한 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 한국도로용량편람의 분석방법에 의해 서울시 보도의 보행 LOS를 진단한 결과, 전체 대상지점의 90%이상이 LOS A로 판정되어 지나치게 양호한 결과가 도출되었는데, 이의 개선방안으로 유효보도폭의 절대적 값을 고려하는 방안을 제시하였다. 그 결과 LOS C 및 LOS D에서 많은 변화가 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 지금까지 보도를 대상으로 한 보행 LOS 진단 연구가 한정된 지역에 국한되어 진행되었다면 본 연구는 서울시 전역을 대상으로 하여 보도의 보행 LOS를 진단했다는 면에서도 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. Korean Highway Capacity Manual (KHCM) has been used when we analyze the pedestrian Level of Service (LOS) of a pedestrian facility. However, the pedestrian LOS by KHCM is largely insensitive to pedestrian congestion levels. The objective of this study is to identify the source of this problem within the KHCM calculation method, and to propose an improved method using the case study from Seoul. Based on KHCM results, the pedestrian LOS is A for more than 90% of the Seoul region, which seems to be unrealistic. On the other hand, this study includes an effective adjustment parameter using the absolute value of effective sidewalk width. Using this method, results shows some changes including newly identified areas of LOS C and LOS D. The analysis of pedestrian LOS is carried out for the entire metropolitan region of Seoul in order to evaluate area wide pedestrian level of service in Seoul.

초등학교도서관 축제의 활성화 방안 - 서울지역을 중심으로 -

본 연구에서는 서울지역 교육복지투자우선지원학교에서 실시하고 있는 학교도서관 축제를 조사 분석하였다. 즉 학교도서관 축제에 참여하고 있는 도서관 담당자, 학생들을 대상으로 설문 및 면담조사를 실시하여 축제의 다양한 특성을 분석하였다. 구체적인 분석내용은 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 즉 조사 대상 학교도서관 축제 프로그램의 주요특성 및 내용, 십진분류기호의 축제에 대한 영향, 축제와 도서관심도의 변화, 학교도서관 축제에 대한 도서관 담당자 및 학생의 만족도, 학교도서관 축제에 대한 문제점 조사 등을 포함한다. 조사결과를 토대로 학교도서관 축제 활성화를 위한 주요 제언점을 제시하였다. This study surveyed and analyzed school library festival that is being carried out in elementary schools of Seoul region. In doing so, it carried out questionnaire and interview survey targeting people in charge of library and students who are participating in the school library festival. The findings can be summarized with such components as follows. Major characteristics of the programs of the school library festival, the impact of Decimal Classification on the festival, change of participants' interest in book, the satisfaction of library staff and students are included. Based on the findings, major suggestions were made on activation of the school library festival.

A multimodel assessment of the climate change effect on the drought severity–duration–frequency relationship

AbstractIn this study, the patterns of past and future drought occurrences in the Seoul region were analysed using observed historical data from the Seoul weather station located in the Korean Peninsula and four different types of general circulation models (GCMs), namely, GFDL:CM2_1, CONS:ECHO‐G, MRI:CGCM2_3_2 and UKMO:HADGEM1. To analyse statistical properties such as drought frequency duration and return period, the Standardized Precipitation Index was used to derive the severity–duration–frequency (SDF) curve from the drought frequency analysis. In addition, a drought spell analysis was conducted to estimate the frequency and change of drought duration for each drought classification. The results of the analysis suggested a decrease in the frequency of mild droughts and an increase in the frequency of severe and extreme droughts in the future. Furthermore, the average duration of droughts is expected to increase. A comparison of the SDF relationship derived from the observed data with that derived via the GCMs indicated that the drought severity for each return period was reduced as drought duration increased and that the drought severity derived from the GCMs was severer than the severity obtained using the observed data for the same duration and return period. Furthermore, among the four types of GCMs used in this study, the MRI model predicted the most severe future drought for the Seoul region, and the SDF curve derived using the MRI model also resulted in the highest degree of drought severity compared with the other GCMs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

TV 홈쇼핑 여성 속옷 세트의 구매행동과 치수 조합 및 품질만족도

Abstract This study examined size combination suitability of the underwear sets in home shopping and discussed the degree of consumer satisfaction as well as purchase criteria and evaluation after purchase of women's underwear. The survey was conducted from 1st to 15th September 2010 on a total of 300 women aged between 20 to 50, living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do region who had bought women's underwear through home shopping. The completed data, 245 out of 300, was used for the final analysis. The analysis conducted in the study with SPSS statistics package includes frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, chi-square analysis, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range test. Evaluation items on purchase criteria and evaluation after purchase were processed with factor analysis. The results of the present study showed that product differentiation strategies are required based on age in order to improve consumer satisfaction and repurchase intention in home shopping underwear. Moreover, most of underwear products sold in sets in home shopping are provided based on the brassiere size. As a result, women who do not fit into the home shopping underwear size combination may be less satisfied. When consumers choose their own brassier and briefs size or combinations of various brassier and briefs sizes, it would increase consumer satisfaction. Keywords: products satisfaction(제품 만족도), size combination suitability(치수 적합도), purchase behaviors(구매행동), TV home shopping(TV 홈쇼핑), women's underwear sets(여성 속옷 세트)

Percentage of workable days in scheduling superstructure work for building construction projects in Korea

In scheduling building construction work, non-workable days due to weather conditions and national holidays lessen the accuracy of scheduling. This study aims to determine the percentage of workable days to enable more accurate scheduling of superstructure work in building construction. To calculate the percentage of workable days applicable to superstructure work in building construction, this study analyzed various data, including actual building cases. Actual weather data in the Seoul region for the past five years was used in particular and the number of national holidays therein was analyzed. This approach is intended to yield a more accurate and objective percentage of workable days. This study suggests that the use of yearly and monthly percentages of workable days in the scheduling for superstructure work of future building construction projects will make scheduling more objective and accurate.

Relationship Between Duration of Type 2 Diabetes and Self-Reported Participation in Diabetes Education in Korea

The increasing prevalence of diabetes is a pressing issue in Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between duration of diabetes and self-reported participation in diabetes education among diabetic patients in Korea. This study used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2005. A total of 1405 respondents older than 19 years and having diabetes were included in the analyses. The relationship between these variables was assessed using logistic regression after adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The authors observed that duration of diabetes was associated with having never attended diabetes education programs (odds ratio = 0.95; 95% confidence interval = 0.93-0.96; P < .001), with the greatest risk of not attending seen in recently diagnosed patients. In addition, having lower educational attainment and living in non-Metro Seoul regions were independent factors for never attending diabetes education programs among diabetic patients in Korea. This finding suggests the need for developing effective education programs to encourage diabetic patients, particularly recently diagnosed patients, to participate. Such programs could help deliver appropriate information for diabetes management to all diabetic patients in Korea.

노인요양시설 노인의 연하곤란 사정도구, 중재프로그램 개발 및 평가

본 연구는 노인요양시설의 노인 연하곤란 조기 발견 및 중재를 목적으로 연하곤란 사정도구를 개발하고 개발된 사정도구를 중심으로 제작된 중재프로그램 적용 효과를 평가하기 위해 실시하였다. 연구대상은 사정도구의 동시타당도 및 신뢰도 검증을 위해 노인요양시설 9곳에 근무하는 간호사 18명을 편의추출하였으며 중재 프로그램 효과 검정을 위해 노인요양시설 4곳의 입소자 50명을 대상자로 선정하여 실시하였다. 연구 결과 연하곤란 사정도구와 중재프로그램 적용 후 실험군의 체중은 증가하였으며(t=4.913, p=.000), 연하 총 시간은 감소하였다(t= -4.557, p=.000). 따라서 본 연구에서 도출된 연하곤란 사정도구와 중재프로그램을 노인요양시설에 적용한다면 노인의 삶의 질 증진과 흡인성 폐렴, 질식과 같은 응급 상황은 감소할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to develop a dysphagia assessment tool and a intervention program for elderly in the long-term care facilities and to evaluate its effect. The dysphagia assessment tool consists of 20 items was developed through literature review, previous studies and discussion with nursing/medical members. The intervention program consisted of 72 items and participants for evaluation were 50 elders who were registered at long-term care facilities in 4 regions of Seoul. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 18.0 and Spearman's Correlation, t-test, and <TEX>$x^2$</TEX>-test. After the application of the dysphagia assessment tool and intervention program, the weight in experimental group was increased (t=4.913, p=.000) and the total time of swallowing was reduced (t=-4.557, p=.000) than control group. These findings were statistically significant. Considering these results, by applying the dysphagia assessment tool and the intervention program, the lives of the elderly in long-term care facilities are expected to be improved and emergency situations such as aspiration pneumonia and asphyxia will be decreased.

The Korean English linguistic landscape

ABSTRACT: This paper utilizes sociolinguistic theories of social stratification, gravity and cascade models to analyze the usage of English in the linguistic landscape of Korea. Public signs in different regions of Seoul and Korea were photographed and analyzed according to the percentage of English, Korean,Konglish, and Chinese. Labov's gravity model was not found to be accurate, but his social stratification and cascade models were moderately supported. However, in all regions of Seoul and greater Korea, there are domains of English. English is found in the physical domains of main streets, amusement parks and foreign districts, in the product domains of beer, wine and clothing, and in the sociolinguistic domains of modernity, luxury and youth.

The success of hopelessness

K-pop has been the most commercially successful music genre in South Korea since the mid-1990s, as noted by many Asian popular music scholars. By contrast, an underexplored topic is local indie popular music, which experienced a surge in popularity during the 2000s. This paper examines these indie scenes and Boongaboonga Records—a key organization that originated in the Gwanak region of Seoul, and later relocated to the Hongdae region, known as the hub for Korean indie music. It argues that the unique connection that the label and its indie bands have with these specific locations tie into their collective ability to give voice to a young generation affected by political and social change. It also considers the new business model for the record label and how this has developed from these circumstances and the cultural space it inhabits.

서울지역 유기견의 광견병 바이러스 항체 분포 조사

Rabies virus is transmitted most commonly through a bite from an infected dog. Especially, stray dogs that are not excluded from contact with rabid wild animals can become rabies vectors. Therefore, serological survey of rabies virus from stray dogs in Seoul Metropolitan City was carried out in this study. To investigate prevalence of rabies antibodies in the stray dogs, serum samples were taken from 500 stray dogs between April and December 2010. Antibodies to rabies virus were detected by indirect ELISA. Of 500 tested sera, 147 (29.4%) were positive to rabies virus. Prevalence rates of rabies antibodies(PRRA) in northern and southern Han river region of Seoul were 26.4% and 33.2% respectively. PRRA in male and female dogs were 33.6% and 26.1% respectively. PRRA in less than 1 year, 1~2< years, 2~3< years, 3~5< years, 5~10< years and over 10 years old dogs were 12.7%, 21.6%, 26.4%, 36.4%, 32.5% and 46.4%, respectively. These results indicates that antibody seroprevalence to rabies is still not enough to prevent rabies and rabies vaccination is required to enhance the seroprevalence in the dogs. To improve the situation, measures to raise public awareness of rabies and its prevention is needed. Also, reducing stray dogs and keeping companion animals from contact with wild animals are indispensable for the prevention of rabies.

전탕용수의 종류에 따른 대황 성분의 추출효과

본 연구는 제주지역에서 생산되는 세 종류의 물과 서울지역에서 사용되고 있는 수돗물 등 네 종류의 물을 전탕용수로 하여 중요 한약재인 대황으로부터 활성성분을 추출하고 용수 중의 미네랄이 대황활성성분 추출에 미치는 효과에 대하여 비교 분석하였다. 유도결합플라즈마방출분광기와 유도결합플라즈마질량분석기를 이용하여 30여종의 미네랄과 다수의 음이온을 분석하였다. 각 전탕용수로 대황을 추출하고 그 추출액의 일부를 증발시켜 총 추출량을 구하고, 또한 HPLC를 이용하여 추출액으로부터 대황의 생리활성 성분을 분석하였다. 용수 간 총 추출량과 대황 성분함량의 차이 검정을 위하여 Kruskal-Wallis 검정을 시행하였고, 미네랄, 음이온, 총 추출량 및 성분함량과의 관계분석을 위하여 다중요인분석을 시행하였다. 분석결과 용수 중의 미네랄 함량은 대황의 총 추출량 및 성분 추출량과 높은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The quality of decoction water would be important for the preparation of herbal medicines. Four types of decoction water, S1, S2, S3 and S4, three types of mineral water from Jeju island and one type of tap water from Seoul region were evaluated. The contents of minerals in decoction water were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. There was significant difference in the mineral contents between the types of decoction water. The bioactive components from rhubarb were extracted with four types of water and the relationship between mineral contents in water and the extracted amounts of components was evaluated. The total extraction was calculated by evaporating water and weighing the residue. The bioactive components in rhubarb were determined by HPLC method. Kruskall-Wallis rank sum tests were used. Multiple factor analysis was used to analyze the relation between the contents of mineral and total extraction or bioactive components in the decocted solutions. Not only the total extraction but also the amount of extracted bioactive components showed statistically significant relationship with the contents of minerals and anions in decoction water.