Region Of Ouargla Research Articles

Trace elements in tea in Ouargla, Algeria and health risk assessment

ABSTRACT Tea is one of the most common drinks, consumed for its pleasant flavour and several medicinal values. The present study aimed to determine the levels of trace elements in tea products marketed in the Saharan region of Ouargla, Algeria and to evaluate the health risks associated with its regular consumption in adults and infants. To this aim, 78 tea samples were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry. Tea samples appeared to be contaminated by lead (0.73 ± 0.08 µg g−1) and aluminium (0.22 ± 0.02 µg g−1). Cadmium, arsenic, mercury, cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, zinc and copper were also detected. General linear model analysis indicated that black tea samples were the most contaminated. Tea samples packed in tea bags were the most contaminated with arsenic, aluminium and manganese. The hazard index was 0.28 and 1.33 for adults and for infants, respectively, indicating adverse non-carcinogenic effects in infants.

Variations In Composition and Activity of Matricaria Pubescens (Desf.) Schultz Harvested from Different Regions in Algeria

Matricaria pubescens is traditionally used as a postpartum antihemorrhagic and to treat digestive disorders. The aim of this study is to determine the total amounts of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins, anthocyanins and total antioxidant capacity of samples from different regions and periods in Algeria in order to guide the selection of varieties and the period of harvest. The analysis was carried out by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging capacity. The methanolic extracts of the aerial parts of 8 varieties of Matricaria pubescens were tested. The results indicated that these varieties had strong radical scavenging capacity as well as a strong reducing antioxidant power. The average contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins and anthocyanins were 1.58 ± 0.33, 38.44 ± 10.77, 0.63 ± 0.2, 1.22 ± 1.55 and 0.39 ± 0.13 mg/g of dry matter, respectively, with the highest contents found in the samples harvested from the region of Ouargla. The Ferric reducing antioxidant power was positively correlated with the contents of hydrolysable tannins which play a major role in the antioxidant properties. Samples were divided into two groups by cluster analysis and variables measured. These results are useful for the selection of varieties and as guidance for their harvest.

Floristic diversity of cereal fields conducted under a pivot center in the Ouargla region (case of the cereal perimeters of Hassi Ben Abdallah)

The characterization of the messicole flora of the cereal fields conducted under center pivots in the region of Ouargla was carried out from 96 floristic records in experimental plots distributed over the entire surface of the different pivots chosen for our experimentation and this throughout. The phenological development cycle of the planted crop. The total weed flora inventoried includes 52 species classified into botanical families, classes, biological groups and origins. The composition of the weeds is characterized by the dominance of the introduced messicoles, compared to the spontaneous species, provided essentially by the Poaceae (monocotyledons), botanical family and class characteristic par excellence of the weed flora of our study region. There is also a dominance of Asteraceae and Brassicaceae botanical families in disturbed environments. Therophytes were par excellence the most contributory species to the specific richness of the weed flora of the study region.

Chemical compositions and characterization of date palm empty fruit bunch fibers of five cultivars growing in Southeast Algeria

Date palm tree can produce annually large quantity of natural fibers; these by-products could be used with or without chemical treatment as sustainable bioresource in industrial applications to resolve different socio-economic and environmental issues. In this study, the chemical compositions and characteristics of Date Palm trees Empty Fruit Bunch fibers (DPEFB) of five cultivars were investigated. These by-products were obtained from the region of Ouargla, Southeast Algeria. Effectively, it was revealed that empty fruit bunch of Degla Baidha cultivar has the highest cellulose content with 49.28% compared to the other cultivars; the highest crystallinity index (36.25%) was detected in the samples of Deglet Nour cultivar. On the other hand, the surface morphology and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were investigated.

Embryonic and Larval Development Stages of the African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Teleostei, Clariidae) in The Ouargla, Algeria

This study was designed to investigate for the first time in the region of Ouargla, Algeria, the events and timing of the embryonic development of African catfish, C. gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). The embryonic development was carefully monitored using a binocular magnifier 10 and 20 lenses that reveal details on live specimens from fertilization to the first take of food. The offensive and foul odor continues to be the characteristic smell of the hatching stage. Pigmentation and continuous spread of cephalo-caudal melanophore in fry hatched on the first day. The barely hatched larvae are photo-phobic. The yellow reserve is reduced and leads to the ability to swim easily, and the majority starts feeding on the fourth day. The vitellin reserve is significantly reduced, allowing the larvae to feed exogenously. The events observed in our opinion demonstrate the presence of two exceptionally critical parameters: the use of a high-quality diet and the guarantee of a clean and quality source of water, meeting the standards of aquaculture farming.

Evaluation of the Sustainability of Phoenicultural and Market Gardening Production Systems of the Development in the Ouargla Region (Southern Algeria)

The aim of our work is to study the sustainability of seal and market gardening production systems. This study was carried out in two study areas N'goussa and Hassi Ben Abdellah in the region of Ouargla (Algeria), through 75 surveys in different farms where we elaborated a typology of evolution in order to know the determining elements of the trajectories. The Ouargla region's Farm Sustainability Indicator (IDEA) is important. The assessment of agro-ecological, socio-territorial and economic indicators indicates that the agro-ecological indicator is the most represented by (the indicator of fertilizer and agricultural practices) by 46 out of 100. The work was followed by statistical analyses (using Excel stat) to study sustainability constraints. The results show that the polyculture system (date palm, market gardening, etc.) is the most dynamic in terms of cultivation practices. The market gardening production system is economically profitable in the two study areas due to the evolution of market gardening under shelter. The stability of the seal farming system and its uniqueness indicate that it shows the most signs of sustainability.

Vegetable Species in the Palm Grove of The Ouargla Region (Algeria)

The present work on the cultivation of winter vegetable species, which was carried out in the perimeters of development of the six communes of the region of Ouargla. We found that the biodiversity recorded is 16 species and 09 botanical families, during the study period. The most frequent botanical families are : Liliaceae (Allium cepa L.), Chenopodiaceae (Spinacia oleracea.), Asteraceae (Lactuca sativa) and Apiaceae (Daucus carota .). Many local cultivars have been identified; their identification is mainly based on: the origin of the seeds, the shape and color of the fruits. According to the average richness and diversity index calculations, we found that the stations of Sidi Khouiled and Hassi Ben Abdallah have a great diversity, unlike Rouissat and Ouargla where the diversity is low. The local diversity seems to be threatened, this is due to several causes among others the non-reasoned selection of local cultivars and the introduction of hybrid seeds which allows us to validate the first hypothesis that says (the development projects have favored the introduction of many new vegetable species, not traditionally cultivated in the areas and have favored the use of hybrid varieties, with high production potential. This policy induces a genetic erosion, especially for local cultivars) and to reject the second hypothesis that says (the development perimeters participate in the preservation of local cultivars, which ensures their sustainability in the medium and long term).

Effect of heat pump on single basin solar stills: an experimental and theoretical study

ABSTRACT In this study, a comparison was made between a simple solar still (SSS) and a simple solar still connected to a heat pump (SSSHP) to study the effect of the heat pump on water productivity and heat transfer rates inside the distillation cell under weather conditions in the region of Ouargla (south of Algeria). The tests were carried out in April 2018 when the radiation on the study day was 950 W/m2. This comparison clarified the behaviour of the physical properties inside the distillation cell. The results showed that the average daily production of the simple solar still was about 2.75 L/m2.d. This quantity has been improved to 9.60 L/m2.d by adding an evaporator with a heat pump to the rear of the distillation cell, where the water productivity estimated is about 2.5 times higher than a conventional simple still and studied how to install a heat pump and operate it.

Characterization of Some Bacteria in the Waters of Chott of Aïn El-Beida in the South of Algeria

Hypersaline environments, represented by the chotts, the Sebkhas and the saline soils, etc., are a typical example of extreme environment harboring a particularly interesting microbial flara. In this context, the aim of this word is to try to make a characterization of the bacteria in the waters of the chott of Aïn El-Beida in the region of Ouargla (South Algeria). The water samples taken are characterized by a pH between 6.6 and 8.39, the water is neutral to alkaline water, with a temperature between 8˚C to 10˚C, and an electrical conductivity between 2.4 to 6 ds/m reflecting extremely salty water. These characteristics enabled us to select a microflora specific to this environment. The microbiological analsis of these samples revealed fifteen isolated strains, including the following species: Escherichia coli 2, Flavobacterium meningosepticum, Shigella sp, Aeromonas salmonicida, with a bacterial density that varied between 0.27 × 104 to 2.236 × 104, which may explain why the water in this ecosystem is rich in specific important microflora. The results of NaCl tolerance have revealed to us that certain isolated strains tolerate a NaCl concentration up to 35%, these are euryhaline bacteria. With regard to the antagonist test, the strains (S8) have a strong antifungal capacity, which can be explained by the fact that latter has a significant competitive power against Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium sp. The microbial exploration of this specific extreme ecosystem proved successful, as we were able to detect significant specific microbial diversity.

The Tomato Borer Tuta Absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera, Gelechidae) Invading The Region of Ouargla (Desert of Algeria): Biology and Damage

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is an invasive pest of tomato native to South America, where it is responsible for extensive damage. The study of this bioaggressor under greenhouse tomato in the region of Ouargla by pheromone traps showed that the global dynamics of populations T. absoluta 5 shows the difference in successive generations of six months is the growth cycle of tomato. There were a maximum of 1922 individuals in the three greenhouses studied. The life cycle of T. absoluta in tomato plants (T: 34 ° C H%: 50 - 60%) lasts 23.85 days. This pest has caused losses of up to 100% in leaves and fruits of tomato in February. Observation and direct capture to identify the natural enemies of T. absoluta as Chrysoperla carnea Coccinella algerica. and the parasitoid Trichogramma sp. Damage is directly related to the reduction of plants photosynthetic capacity and of production levels in tomato crops; indirect damage can be also caused by secondary infections, with pathogens developing on the infested plant and fruit tissues.

The efficiency of steam production by the Parabolic Trough Collector PTC with the use of nanofluids in the region of Ouargla

Concentrated solar power plants (CSP) contribute to global production (at present) with a capacity of 400 MW, and by 2020 they will reach approximately 20 GW, then nearly 800 GW by 2050, This will prevent the emission of 32 million tons of CO2 annually in 2020, and rise to 1.2 billion tons in 2050, according to the International Greenpeace “Solar Thermal Electricity” 2016 report.Among all the concentrated solar power (CSP) technology available to date, Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) is the most promising, cost-effective, and efficient solution to generating electrical power, as PTC plants contribute in terms of global production capacity by 73.58% of the overall capacity of concentrated solar power plants (CSP).PTC stations in the production of electricity depend on the generation of hot and pressurized steam that rotates the turbines and to increase the effectiveness of PTC in the production of steam, we use in this study nanofluids by adding copper nanomaterials in different proportions to improve the Thermal efficiency of PTC. We also studied the effect of the width of the PTC slot on the fluid temperature. And from it on the amount of steam produced.The results of the study showed that the Thermal efficiency increases with the increase in the ratio of copper nanomaterials in the water, as the temperature of outlet water reaches 98°C, for the ratio of nanomaterials, 20%, in order to water flow 0.01 Kg/s and display the aperture 3.5 m.

Biological Control of The White Cochineal Parlatoria Blanchardi (Hemiptera - Diaspididae) by Using Coccidiphagous Ladybirds and Biopesticides in Palm Groves of The Region of Ouargla (South-East Algeria)

The white cochineal of the date palm is a very serious pest in the palm groves of the Ouargla region (South-East Algeria). Our attempt at biological control of this pest was based on the use of two coccidiphagous ladybirds Pharoscymnus ovoideus and Pharoscymnus numidicus and aqueous extracts of two Saharan plants Solenostemma argel and Azadirachta indica with two doses in two palm groves in the Ouargla region. The results obtained are very encouraging. White cochineal infestation rates of treated plants decreased considerably especially for the high dose of two treatments. The infestation rate decreased from 52.54% to 35.49% with P.ovoideus (120 ladybirds/tree) and from 54.03% to 18.88% with Neem extract (dose 5%), to 11.01% with Argel extract (dose 7.5%). The two ladybirds and the two extracts used showed highly significant differences (P=0.000), as did the two doses used (P< 0.0001). Our control attempt also showed an efficiency that increased with the increase of the dose used. It is 0.119±0.20 with the low dose of P. ovoideus to reach an efficiency of 0.324±0.23. For the extract-based treatments, the highest efficacy was recorded with the high dose Argel (0.812±0.22). It should be noted that the low doses used for both treatments gave insignificant results compared to their controls with the high doses, which showed very high significant differences with P=0.000 for the ladybird releases and P<0.0001 for the high doses of the water extracts.

Diversity of beetles associated with watermelon crops Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. in the region of Ouargla (southern Algeria)

We studied the diversity of beetle families in watermelon fields in the palm grove of Zaatote at Ouargla (34º 54′ N, 5º 20′ E). The sampling method used was Barber pots as they allowed the largest number of captures of insects, regarding both individuals and species. Over the three years of the study (2016, 2017 and 2018), we identified 787 individuals from 12 taxonomic families. Throughout the sampling period, the Coccinellidae family was clearly dominant, with an Fc = 35.02 % in 2016, 36.2 % in 2017 and 34.34 % in 2018. The second most dominant family was Tenebrionidae with an Fc = 26.35 % in 2016, 30.04 % in 2017, and 33.33 % in 2018. Other families were poorly represented. In 2016, regarding their trophism, 18 species of beetles (30.91 %) were phytophagous and feed on the watermelon crop, while 26 species were predatory and decomposing auxiliaries. Data published through GBIF (Doi: 10.15470/sfhxty)

Functional Evaluation of the Spa-Rehabilitation Immediate Effect in The Management of Low Back Pain: Pilot Study in Ouargla, Algeria

The region of Ouargla in the south-east of Algeria has many thermal hot springs that are still largely untapped. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the contribution of balneotherapy in the functional improvement of low back pain patients. Methods: This study concerned non-specific chronic low back pain patients treated at the balneotherapy and rehabilitation center in Ouargla, Algeria. The sample was divided into two groups for comparative purposes: the first one is the intervention group (A) receiving physical therapy combined with balneotherapy, and the second is the control group (B) receiving physical therapy alone. The response was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in its Arabic version. The questionnaire was given at the beginning and end of treatment. An improvement in Oswestry is considered clinically relevant if it is above 30 %. The sensitivity to changes is estimated by the standardized response mean and effect size. Results: Ten patients meeting the eligibility criteria were split equally into the two groups. We observed that 60 % (3/5) patients had a clinically relevant improvement in Oswestry in group (A) versus 20 % (1/5) patient in group (B). The effect size for group (A) and group (B) is 1.20 and 0.71, respectively. The standardized response mean is 1.13 for group (A) versus 1.01 for group (B). Conclusion: The results of the present study reiterate that in addition to conventional rehabilitation, balneotherapy can be more effective in the treatment of patients suffering from non-specific chronic low back pain.

The organs of the date palm: an ecologically clean raw material for human use in the Algerian Sahara.

The region of Ouargla, located in the south-east of Algeria, is one of the main dateproducing areas. Date palm is a source for and various products. It produces, every year, dates that are, traditionally, considered as a basic food for the local community as well as a commercial product. This phoenicicole biomass is also used for different purposes (building, heating, fodder, cooking, agriculture, therapy and cosmetics). This study aims to value the products of oasis land, through date palms products, and to endeavor to highlight the economic importance of these products and their uses in order to consider strategies for developing this patrimony. Nine sites are retained for investigation. They represent localities which are notorious for having kept, so far, knowledge and know-how in the use of dates as well as other organs of the date palm, and where these products are likely integrated in the socio-economic life of their populations. The aim is to determine the raw material of production, the uses of the date palm organs, dates’ fields of usage and the importance of the products derived from the phoenicicol mass in the commercial environment. We noticed that the organs of the date palm, which are considered as a raw material, are available in a considerable tonnage. An important range of sub-products is derived from the date palm. It is used in basket-making (utensils, cabinetmaking, and garden-work material) and as a livestock aliment with high economic revenue. Besides, these organs (palms, spines, petiole, seeds, sap, pollen…) are used in making medicinal and cosmetic products. All in all, these products are biological and start making their place in modern trade, which might give a new dynamic to the local and national economy.

PESTICIDE OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION IN CULTIVATED SOILS OF THE ARID REGION OF EL-HEJERA, OUARGLA PROVINCE AND CORRELATION WITH SOIL PROPERTIES

This study deals with the assessment of the most used pesticides by farmers in the Saharan region of Ouargla. Based on collected survey data, sampling of the cultivated soils, physicochemical analysis, solid/liquid extraction and identification by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, the following results were obtained: pesticides used in 2015 are not existing in the extracts, like the case of vapcomic (abamectin 1.8% EC) and Metronate (methomyle 25%), this could be explained by the retention which is the overall result of a set of elementary processes, involving interactions with organic constituents and soil minerals. Also, pesticide residues were found outside their points of application, such as Pulsar and Score 250EC, these phenomena can be explained by the local pedo-climatic conditions and to difference in solubility and chemical nature.

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHLOROFORM, ETHYL ACETATE AND BUTANOL EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF CITRULLUS LANATUS VAR. CRIMSON SWEET GROWN IN THE REGION OF OUARGLA, ALGERIA

We are always trying to discover antibiotics, of natural origin, the most effective. For this purpose, our work is devoted to the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the chloroformic, ethyl acetate and butanolic extracts of the leaves of citrullus lanatus crimson sweet variety cultivated in the region of Ouargla. This activity was tested against microorganisms derived from the reference strains gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp) and gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeuruginosa). All extracts showed a remarkable sensitivity against bacteria by giving inhibition diameters varying between 12 and 26 mm. The evaluation of the minimum concentration of inhibition (MIC) led to the values between 40 and 75 μg/ml. From the results obtained, we can conclude that the leaves of this plant have a good antibacterial activity against certain microorganisms.

EFFECT OF THE AGE OF CULTIVATION OF THE CEREAL FIELDS CONDUCTED UNDER PIVOTS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND DYNAMICS OF THE ADVENTITIOUS FLORA IN THE REGION OF OUARGLA (SOUTH-EAST ALGERIA)

Ponte Academic JournalNov 2019, Volume 75, Issue 11 EFFECT OF THE AGE OF CULTIVATION OF THE CEREAL FIELDS CONDUCTED UNDER PIVOTS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND DYNAMICS OF THE ADVENTITIOUS FLORA IN THE REGION OF OUARGLA (SOUTH-EAST ALGERIA)Author(s): Sayed Ibtissem ,Hamid Cheloufi, Omar EddoudJ. Ponte - Nov 2019 - Volume 75 - Issue 11 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2019.11.14 Abstract:The cereal culture under centre spindle is of recent creation, it was the object of an establishment in an ecosystem characterized by a natural and typical unprompted flora. The cereal fields, represent a middle to strong pressures which can, with the development of agrarian techniques, lead to answers adapted to the introduced flora that can evolve fast in an intrusive flora. However, unprompted kinds, who must have developed strategies to survive and reproduce in frustration especially of the use of pesticides, will be systematically destroyed on their middle with as consequence, a threat of disappearing of a flora perfectly adapted to Saharan conditions.\r\nFor it and in a purpose to update the inventory of the plants of the cereal fields and have a knowledge on their biology, ecology and sharing out for the region of Ouargla, as well as to put in an obvious place the impact of different agrarian practices on the unprompted flora, taking into account of its permanence, we performed a job which concerned the inventory of the complete flora of three experimental stations kept for their ages of bet in culture. Inventory, allowed to bring to light, a comparatively rich accidental flora in cash, characterized by the dominance of the introduced messicoles provided principally by Poaceae, characteristic family, par excellence, of the accidental flora of the cereal fields in our region of study.\r\nThe parameter age of bet in culture had a significant effect on composition, in cash introduced and unprompted, of the complete accidental flora of the experimental stations. They attend a phenomenon of impoverishment of the typical unprompted flora and an enrichment accentuated in the time of the messicole introduced flora which became more and more intrusive.\r\nKey words: Flora messicole, introduced flora, unprompted flora, diversity, dominance, cereal culture under centre spindle, Algeria. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Origin and Age of the surface water and groundwater of the Ouargla basin-Algeria

The chemical and isotopic data of groundwater and surface water of the Ouargla basin have been examined the relation and the spatial models that could be useful to determine the vertical and genetic relation between the mass water, recharge zones, directions of groundwater flow and geochemical processes. The surface distributions of water types and some chemical and isotopic data are discussed in this paper, as are the apparent relationships between constituents. The hydrogeological and geochemical implications and characteristics of the observed data are presented as well. The saturation indices for the selected minerals discussed below were calculated using the PHREEQC geochemical package (Parkhurst, 1995) [1].The objective of this work is to apply isotopic and hydro-chemical techniques to determine the chemical features of the water and the state of saturation, the origin, the ages and the mechanisms of supply of surface water and recharge of deep aquifers in the region of Ouargla. The basin of Ouargla is located in the North-East of the Algerian Sahara, presents an area of 95 000 ha; characterized by a very arid climate. Hydrochemically, water quality is very degraded, the chemical features are almost homogeneous. The 18O and 2H contents of groundwater are highly enriched and show a highly evaporated character on the majority of the surface water and are thus distinguished from the waters of two deep aquifers. On the surface a mixture between the different tanks has been demonstrated by the isotopes (18O and 2H). The 14C and 3H activities of the surface water at the basin scale show quite variable activities confirm the existence of several recharging episodes over time and validate the mixture evidenced by stable isotopes. For the terminal complex 14C activities are very low and show a decrease in the direction of flow.

EVALUATION ON THE DURABILITY OF CONCRETE SANITATION NETWORKS OF OUARGLA - ALGERIA BY NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

The expertise and the testing of structures with reinforced concrete that are existing or under construction often require the evaluation of the quality of concrete. The non-destructive test permitted to evaluate the state of their structures but also to assess the bearing capacity or to predict their durability. These techniques are generally influenced by several factors, generally humidity, for example, the speed of sound relied by varies humidity in concrete. The objective of this research is to study the durability of concrete the sanitation networks in the region of Ouargla - Algeria under the effect of sulphates agents. In this experimental, the specimen concrete conserved in different real environment, and these results were compared than those specimens curing with drinking water. Finally, they concluded the concrete specimens conserved in waste water have acceptable mechanical characteristics than those specimens curing in water, and it is obtained a regression of 3% the strength compressive to the age 365 days. But the exposure of concrete specimens to H2S gas, it is obtained a degradation accelerated in particular after 90 days to age, where a regression to 36% of the compressive strength than specimens curing in water at the age 365 days. The sanitation networks (pipes and manholes) of Ouargla – Algeria are a low durability under the effect of H2S gas sulphates. For increase the durability of pipes and manholes the Ouargla, it proposed the substitution by pipes and manholes in polyester materiel.