Governance Rules Research Articles

Examining The Impact of Various Factors on Working From Home

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about unprecedented challenges, prompting governments worldwide to implement social distancing measures to curb the spread of the virus. As a response, many organizations, including government agencies, have adopted remote work policies, such as working from home (WFH), to ensure the continuity of their operations while safeguarding the health and safety of their employees. The Regional Development Planning Agency of Gunungkidul District is no exception, facing the need to implement WFH measures amidst the pandemic. However, transitioning to remote work presents various challenges, particularly in ensuring the effectiveness and sustainability of public services. Therefore, understanding the factors that influence the successful implementation of WFH in this context is crucial for maintaining the quality and efficiency of public services. This study focuses on identifying these factors by examining six key variables: the availability of computers and internet networks, the ability to master technology and information, HR governance rules, organizational culture, performance evaluation instruments, and the physical conditions of the working environment. These variables were chosen based on their potential impact on WFH within the Regional Development Planning Agency. By utilizing the structural equation modeling method with the partial least squares (PLS) technique, this study aims to analyze the relationships between these variables and their effects on WFH implementation. The survey conducted with all staff of Bapeda Gunungkidul District provides valuable insights into how these factors interact and influence the successful adoption of remote work practices. The results of this study highlight the significant influence of computer and internet network availability on WFH implementation, as evidenced by the path coefficient value of 0.632, the T statistic value of 4.201, and the V value of 0.000. This finding underscores the importance of adequate technological infrastructure in facilitating remote work and ensuring the continuity of public services during challenging times like the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sheds light on the critical factors that impact the successful implementation of WFH in the Regional Development Planning Agency of Gunungkidul District. By understanding these factors, HR management can better navigate the challenges of remote work and develop strategies to optimize WFH practices, thereby maintaining the delivery of essential public services amidst crises.

Gawe Rafah Tradition as Interreligious Conflict Resolution in West Lombok Regency

Humans identify as religious followers and cultural successors. Indonesia's religious and cultural diversity has frequently become the source of conflict. Traditional law is frequently chosen as an independent law because existing legal values are enforced and upheld by the community as well as bodies or institutions in the area. The goal of this research is to understand the interreligious and cultural approach known as Gawe Rafah. A Sasak communal custom that serves as a platform for interreligious and cultural counseling. This was also employed in Mareje Village, West Lombok Regency, to settle disputes between Muslims and Buddhists. This study used qualitative research to critically characterize a social interaction in society in order to seek and find meaning in its genuine environment (natural setting). The case study approach is an activity that involves gathering data and information in depth. This means that the primary data for this study came from interviews done by researchers with religious and traditional leaders at the Gawe Rafah event. Researchers likewise used secondary data, such as information from journals, books, and articles. In this tradition, there are findings about the cultural spirit called Iqrar Sopoq Tundun (one descendant), where people try to unite with ethnic and cultural similarities as Sasak Lombok people. This pattern shows that traditional communities can override their religion, personal will and even government rules, In order to reach a consensus that allows them to coexist in harmony and peace. This research is expected to open the insights of the people in conflict areas that based on open communication between communities, ancestral practices like this can become unique and wisdom in each region in Indonesia.

Проблемы регулирования цифровых платформ: трудности и возможности международного сотрудничества

Digital platforms act as private regulators of their ecosystems. However, until recently, these platforms have not been objects of regulation by the state. Currently, many jurisdictions adapt and update their consumer protection and competition policy instruments and introduce ex ante regulation to protect consumers and competition in digital markets. Regulatory problems derive from the nature of platforms’ business models, the transnational character of their operations, and the significant resources necessary to ensure regulation enforcement and monitoring. Coherence of regulatory approaches applied by different jurisdictions creates legal certainty, reduces costs of compliance and prices, and ensures consistency of requirements with regard to the quality of platforms’ services and user protection. Despite the advantages of policy coherence, cooperation develops slowly and is fragmented due to a contestation over the influence on the rules of governance. This article reviews the main problems and key approaches to the digital platforms’ regulation, and the challenges of, and perspectives on, international cooperation. The study draws on a survey of research articles, national documents on digital platforms policies and EU regulations, analytical materials of research centres and international organizations, and assessments of regulatory practices by concrete jurisdictions. The article explores problems and approaches to ensuring protection of users and fair competition, ex ante regulation application, and multilateral initiatives. In conclusion, the authors put forward some ideas on international cooperation perspectives.

Research on the Application of Legal Theory Under the Smart Court System

Cutting-edge technologies such as networking, digitalization, and artificial intelligence have enabled judicial operations, which have had a profound impact on the traditional judicial order, including the judicial structure at the structural level, the governance rules at the entity level, and the technology embedding at the application level. This requires that legal values be constructed in a contemporary manner in combination with different scenarios, and that the public be more concretely and intuitively approach the values of judicial fairness and justice through diversified and visual digital expressions. Only by accurately grasping the construction and application orientation of artificial intelligence technology in the court system can we effectively enhance judicial capacity and achieve a higher level of court construction.

Realpolitik Returns to Berlin

Abstract “Never again” has been a mantra of German foreign policy since the end of World War II. Together with Ostpolitik it informs its approach toward the conflict in Ukraine. The discourse moved from “never again war originating from German soil” via justifying military interventions to prevent ethnic cleansing in the Balkans in 1998 with Joshka Fischer's injunction of “never again Auschwitz” to Olaf Scholz’ programmatic 2023 speech invoking “never again war of aggression in Europe.” This development is interpreted in the light of Realpolitik, providing the hard security means to defend the rule of law and democratic governance. External shocks have led Germany to expand its soft security arsenal as a civilian power and to embrace military means for liberal ends.

Nigeria Fourth Republic: Exploring the Intersection of Human Rights, The Rule of Law and Democratic Governance, 1999–2023

Nigeria Fourth Republic: Exploring the Intersection of Human Rights, The Rule of Law and Democratic Governance, 1999–2023

The Concept of the Rule of Law and Global Economic Governance: Theoretical Remarks

The Concept of the Rule of Law and Global Economic Governance: Theoretical Remarks

Conversion of tailings solvent recovery unit (TSRU) by‐products into activated carbon‐zeolite composites: Impact of fusion pre‐treatment on porosity and CO2 capture

AbstractCurrently, the oil sands industry is producing millions of tons of tailings by‐products from the tailings solvent recovery unit (TSRU) into the tailings ponds. TSRU tailings (TTs) consist of water, asphaltene, and minerals, including silica and alumina mixtures. The oil sands sector has expanded efforts to discover solutions to remove the tailings ponds due to growing public concern about the environmental effects of these ponds and stiffer government rules on their disposal. Therefore, this report studied the effect of the different methods for the conversion of the TTs into the activated carbon‐zeolite composite. The TTs were treated with activation followed by hydrothermal, either with or without fusion with NaOH at 800°C for 1 h as a pre‐treatment. Zeolite Na‐P, zeolite A, and zeolite X were identified during the different characterizations, depending on the pre‐treatment of the fusion. The result showed that the fusion with NaOH before the hydrothermal reaction was effective as it increased the porosity and adsorption of the composite. The CO2 capture capacity of the product before fusion was 0.19 mmol/g, and after fusion, it was improved to 0.486 mmol/g.

Impact of Corporate Governance in the Application of the Financial Standard for Sustainability Accounting FNO 101

The study aims to investigate the impact of corporate governance in the application of the financial standard for sustainability accounting FNO 101 . To achieve this aim , the study follows the descriptive analytical approach using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) in analyzing data and testing hypotheses . A questionnaire was determined and distributed for 30 practitioners of which 28 were valid for analysis . The most important conclusions were that governance mechanisms contribute to improving financial performance , which improves the quality of financial reporting to enhance confidence in financial statements through the application of governance indicators according to (GRI) standards . In addition, the application of the financial standard for sustainability accounting FNO 101 contributes to improving the financial performance of commercial banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange . One of the most important recommendations was the need for the economic entity to adhere to the application of governance rules and the application of the financial standard for sustainability accounting FNO 101 and to deepen and develop concepts , by holding specialized training courses for their employees , and to increase the level of disclosure and transparency in financial reports , and to make them available to all stakeholders to give shareholders and investors security for their money invested in this entity work to disseminate the concept and culture of governance and the financial standard for sustainability accounting FNO 101 in a wider way to all relevant parties, and to issue bulletins and instructions that reflect their concepts and applications .

Regions, Entrepreneurship and Institutions: The Role of Institutions on the Entrepreneurship Profiles of Regions

ABSTRACT The paper argues that institutions, particularly those that are region-specific, play a prominent role in the different pathways to entrepreneurship. Empirical evidence based on primary data on four different regions in Türkiye and a scale measuring the dimensions of institutions developed for this study allow for understanding the role of institutions in defining different entrepreneurial profiles. The findings reveal the critical role of normative and culture-cognitive institutions, while also showing that the impact of government rules and measures to promote entrepreneurship may not be positive in all regions, and may even act as obstacles to innovative entrepreneurship.

Innovative Solutions to Environmental Challenges: Exploring Fishermen's Perspectives on Technology-driven Conservation Efforts in Noveleta, Cavite

This phenomenological study explores the viewpoints of fishermen in Noveleta, Cavite, on technology-based conservation initiatives and their effects on local marine ecosystems and fishing methods. Using purposive sampling, seven participants offered valuable insights into the present condition of marine life, the implementation of cutting-edge solutions, and the impact of these technologies on their means of living. The study revealed several themes: The challenges of modern fishing conditions, including stricter laws, and the consequences of environmental changes, such as pollution and habitat damage. Fishermen also discussed how government rules impacted them and how new technologies like GPS and fish finders brought new challenges even as productivity rose. Furthermore, the discussion underscored significant concerns such as the necessity for efficient marine conservation, the impact of infrastructure developments on local communities compared to traditional practices, and the economic viability amidst shifting circumstances. This study highlights the complex connection between policy, technology, and traditional fishing methods, highlighting the importance of inclusive and sustainable approaches to conservation.

Sacred and Cursed Bodies: The Necropolitics in the Suharto Regime’s Politics of Memory

ABSTRACT The article investigates the Suharto rule regime’s use of necropolitics to construct Indonesia’s memory of the 1965–66 mass murders. These memory politics were based on the anti-communist myth, which was the basis of the memory formation and creation of positive and negative heroes closely related to political changes. The regime used the bodies of generals who were killed during the attempted coup for political purposes, thus permanently anchoring this image in Indonesian society’s space and memory. Herein, the image of the generals’ bodies is juxtaposed with that of the victims’ bodies, which are still cursed and excluded from official Indonesian history. These necropolitics served the Suharto regime’s various interests of power, knowledge, and the clash between sacred and cursed bodies. Thus, the generals’ and victims’ bodies enhanced Suharto’s credibility. In this context, the generals’ bodies are treated as sacred, while the victims’ bodies are considered to be cursed, but both are causative agents of the development of the regime’s historical narrative, collective memory, and national identity.

Business environment ecosystem and manufacturing upgrading: A configurational approach

Focusing on 50 representative Chinese cities and applying the ecosystem theory of the business environment, this study employs the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to detect the synergistic mechanisms through which the business environment ecosystem of cities affects the manufacturing upgrading. The findings show: First, none of elements in the business environment ecosystem alone could constitute the necessary condition for high manufacturing upgrading. Second, there are three paths for the configuration of high-level manufacturing upgrading, which can be summarized into two modes: “public & innovation” driven mode, and “public & market” driven mode. Third, there are six paths in the configuration of low-level manufacturing upgrading, which can be summarized into three modes: “government & innovation” restricted mode, “human & market” restricted mode, and “government & high rule of law” restricted mode. Furthermore, there is an asymmetrical relationship with the configurations of high manufacturing upgrading performance. Finally, under certain conditions, there are substitutive relationships between elements in the business environment. Overall, this work contributes to the literature on the synergistic mechanisms of business environment ecosystems, and provides practical information for manufacturing firms pursuing upgrading from multiple paths.

The Factors Hindering the Effective Development of SMEs Businesses in Tanzania a Review Study

The development of SMEs worldwide is dependent upon a favourable business situation. However, SMEs in Tanzania confront a number of obstacles that prevent them from growing, including a lack of funding, inadequate market accessibility, a lack of entrepreneurial expertise and skills, bureaucracy, lack of business training, lack of good infrastructure, a lack of collateral, low production, unfavourable regulations, corruption, the motivation of the business owners, limited access to information, inadequate raw materials and other related factors. The significance of the study is to review on the issues preventing Tanzanian SMEs from developing. The SMEs, businesses have been demanded as the backbone for the growth of economic in almost all the developing countries including Tanzania. In Tanzania it has contributed almost 30% of the national GDP, and almost 20-30% of the total labour force, thus 3-4 million people employed. Therefore the paper has addressed some factors internal, external and other related factors as reviewed that act as the setbacks towards the SMEs development. The study has focused on literature review of different articles, research and case studies done. Mwanza region was chosen as one of the case study because of great opportunity to SMEs in the region, which if could be well utilized could add high Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country. The SMEs involved are such as; retail shops, bars, restaurants, hotels, playing stations, decoction centres, stationeries, etc Tanzania To achieve the intended objective, the researcher developed research question that was aimed at assessing the factors affecting performance and development of SMEs, contributions and solutions to SMEs. Data were collected from literature review of paper and cited by the author concerning Tanzania. The finding showed that most of the SMEs fails to develop due to; failure to access financial support, lack of business skills, poor technology used due to lack of awareness, lack of enough government support, high taxes imposed , failure to comply with government regulations, sudden change in climatic conditions and government rules. The study concluded by suggesting and further recommended on the better strategies that SMEs could implement with the government support like; government should always work and collaborate with SMEs in all areas by implementing favourable business policies, financial institutions should impose affordable and easy regulation to access loan that supports the SMES operations. Also the SMEs owners and employees should be given enough skills to help them perform better and copy with the daily change in technology advancement to assure effective and efficiency performance of the SMEs for their future sustainability in Tanzania.

Dying to Understand How Electronic Word of Mouth Legitimates Sustainable Innovations in Stigmatized Markets

Entrepreneurs entering stigmatized markets face barriers to entry beyond those encountered in traditional markets. Yet, little research examines factors influencing the diffusion of these goods and services. Through the lens of institutional theory, this paper proposes and demonstrates the application of a conceptual model outlining the process by which stigmatized innovations become (de-)institutionalized. We combine mixed methods by blending qualitative with quantitative tools to analyze the legitimating influence of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) over time. Our findings suggest that dichotomized consumer preferences stem from normative (natural and benevolent versus artificial and malevolent), cultural-cognitive (ecological health and sustainable services versus public health and traditional services), and regulatory (government rule versus market rule) binaries that influence the deinstitutionalization of orthodoxy (utopian versus dystopian worldviews). Notwithstanding, we show that, in stigmatized markets, consumers look to eWOM to inform their choices, which can aid in deinstitutionalizing rational myths and help perpetuate service innovation. We also find that in stigmatized markets, the existing industry does not show a predictable response to societal pressures for service innovations that promote social wellbeing and sustainability.

Coalition government, frustrated majorities, and minority rule

Responsiveness to voters is key for democratic rule, yet often fails to occur. We argue that coalition government adds an additional hurdle to responsiveness. Multi-issue policy log-rolls between coalition parties in coalition agreement negotiations, none of which are individually supported by a parliamentary majority, can lead to policy change opposed by a majority, that is: Minority rule. Similarly, coalition agreements can block policy change supported by a parliamentary majority through a veto by one of the government parties, frustrating majority rule. Drawing on data from the Netherlands Bureau of Economic Analysis, we assess how often coalition agreements include policies supported by less than a parliamentary majority, and how often they exclude policies supported by parliamentary majorities. We show that two-thirds of policies included in coalition agreements are not supported by a floor majority, and that 30% of policies supported by a floor majority fail to be included in a coalition agreement.

Institutional Quality, Efficiency, and Stability in The Islamic Banking Sector of Malaysia

This study examines the interplay among institutional quality, efficiency, and financial stability in the Malaysian Islamic banking sector with a special emphasis on the interaction between efficiency and institutional quality. The sample comprises 16 Islamic banks from 2012 to 2020. The indicators for financial stability are Z-score based on return on assets (ZROA) and non-performing loans (NPLs). The system generalized method of moments (GMM) is employed to overcome the potential endogeneity issue in our regression. The findings show that institutional quality (i.e. government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and rule of law) influences Islamic banking performance. Based on the interaction model, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have a negative and statistically significant impact on ZROA. Conversely, government effectiveness and regulatory quality positively and statistically influence financial stability, as measured by NPLs. As for the rule of law, financial stability (i.e., ZROA) can be achieved in a strict environment when Islamic banks are inefficient.

The role of supply chain management practices, supply chain responsiveness, and organizational capabilities on organizational performance

Purpose-Several internal and external elements impact an organization's performance. This study examines organizations' performance using both internal and external elements. Organizational capabilities are the internal aspects of the study, whereas supply chain management practices and supply chain responsiveness are the external factors. These three elements are believed to have a significant impact on an organization's performance. Design/Methodology/Approach-The study population focused on furniture micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research data were collected through questionnaires administered to respondents, and the results of 50 respondents were obtained. Then, a model analysis was applied using Smart PLS. Findings-Supply chain management practices positively impact organizational performance, and supply chain responsiveness improves organizational performance. Organizational capabilities also have a favorable effect on organizational performance. If these three elements can be effectively utilized, it will enhance organizational performance. Research limitations/implications-Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises must understand the importance of supply chain management and maximize its use to promote improvements in organizational performance. Business actors must maximize their efforts to achieve organizational success by considering other aspects, such as organizational capabilities. Originality/value-Research on organizational performance is currently lacking, especially in the case of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises that are specifically associated with particular industries. Government rules, strategy orientation, and green supply chain management are just a few of the external and internal factors that have been the subject of prior research on organizational performance. As a result, this study examines the characteristics of supply chain management practices, supply chain responsiveness, and organizational capabilities in order to measure the performance of furniture micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

The Way Forward for Online Public Opinion Governance in the Age of Big Data

With the rapid development of big data technology and the popularization of Internet applications, the role of Internet public opinion in social governance has become increasingly prominent. Internet public opinion not only reflects hot issues of social concern and public sentiment, but also affects social stability and national security. Therefore, strengthening the rule of law governance of online public opinion has become an urgent problem. The purpose of this study is to explore the rule of law basis and major problems of online public opinion governance in the era of big data, to analyses the shortcomings of the current implementation of the rule of law in online public opinion, and to propose corresponding countermeasures. In the context of the big data era, the rule of law in online public opinion governance faces challenges in many aspects. Inadequate supervision, imperfect rule of law system, deficiencies in the implementation mechanism, and weak public awareness of the rule of law together constitute the main problems in the current governance of online public opinion. To effectively deal with these problems, it is necessary to start with strengthening supervision, improving the rule of law system, reinforcing the implementation mechanism and raising awareness of the rule of law. Through these measures, a more mature and effective rule of law system for the governance of online public opinion can be constructed, thereby safeguarding the healthy development of the online information environment and maintaining social harmony and stability.

The moderating effect of the role of accrual basis application controls on the association between government rules application controls on the quality of financial reporting

This study aims to investigate the combined impact of governance regulations and controls on the accuracy of financial reporting. The study also sought to determine how the application controls for the accrual basis affected the link between governance rules and financial reporting quality. A questionnaire research methodology was used to evaluate the study's postulated model. Only 242 of the 348 completed surveys were returned and could be used. The partial least squares method was applied to structural equation modelling. The statistical results confirmed the influence of application constraints on governance norms on the calibre of financial reporting. The influence of governance rule application controls on the calibre of financial reporting was also shown to be mitigated by application controls on an accrual basis. This study, like others has limitations on the variables, years, nation and sample. As a result, several restrictions and recommendations for further research investigations are given at the end of this study. Additionally, the market might use the study's conclusions to help management strengthen their financial reporting inadequacies. This is a rare and unique empirical study that examines the relationship between financial reporting quality and governance rules application controls (GRAC) and takes into account both the influence of GRAC on financial reporting quality and the moderating effect of accrual basis application controls (ABAC).