Reduction In Fat Percentage Research Articles

Role of social support in culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education among an ethnic minority population in Denmark.

CUSTOM is a culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education and support programme tailored to Urdu, Turkish and Arabic-speaking people in Denmark. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to examine the functional social support perceived by CUSTOM participants before and after the intervention; and, second, to explore how participants' structural social support affected the physical and mental health benefits of the intervention. The participants were people with type 2 diabetes whose primary language was Urdu, Arabic or Turkish (n = 73). Outcomes included A1C, body fat percentage, diabetes distress, well-being and functional social support. Changes were observed between baseline and six months after participation in a single-group pre-test/post-test design. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to assess pre-post differences in functional social support. The role of structural social support was assessed using moderation regression analysis. Participants reported higher availability of functional social support after the programme (p < 0.05), although the change in loneliness was not significant. In addition, cohabitating with adult children increased the average body fat percentage reduction achieved following the programme, while living with a partner lowered the average body fat percentage reduction achieved. The intervention was particularly successful in improving diabetes distress among those with weak structural social support. Culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education and support can improve social support among people with an ethnic minority background. The structure of social relations may influence the benefit of culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education and support. Future programmes should include family members and other social relations more actively, drawing attention to both positive and negative aspects of social relations.

Investigating the psychological and physiological responses to isolation and confinement using the THOR space analog simulation

This research investigates astronaut performance under simulated space conditions, using THOR, an analog astronaut training protocol, during a week-long confinement in an Analog Astronaut Training Center in Poland. Materials and Five participants, including four military and one civilian, underwent a week of isolation. Tests were conducted to assess heart rate variability –HRV–, psychological health, and sleep patterns. Data collection and analysis were standardized, with an alpha level of p &lt; 0.05 and power of 80%. The study found reductions in fat percentage and weight, while muscle mass and water content remained stable. HRV showed significant changes. Increased sleep and state anxiety levels were noted, along with decreased cognitive abilities. Personality traits exhibited heightened hostility and social anxiety, culminating in psychological discomfort. HRV values were normal with variations likely due to stress. A significant correlation was found between mental performance andHRV, indicating potential influence of sleep on cognitive function during isolation. The study highlights the need for more research on the psychological and physiological implications of long-duration space missions and similar high-demand environments.

The Effect of 6 Weeks of Body weight Exercises on the Respiratory Function of overweight Women

The prevalence of obesity and overweight all over the world due to the mechanization of lifestyle and people’s use of ready-made foods is increasing and affecting health and is closely related to major problems. One of the diseases that has a positive and frequent relationship with obesity is a respiratory disease. Obesity weakens people’s lung function and respiratory tract through two mechanisms, mechanical and inflammatory. The mechanical effect of obesity is such that it can affect the respiratory mechanics of the lungs and chest wall and cause asthma or pseudo-asthmatic shortness of breath and increase the response of the respiratory tract. In this study, we investigated the effect of 6 weeks of bodyweight training on the respiratory function of overweight women. For this purpose, in this research, 30 obese women aged 25 to 40 years were randomly divided into two control and training groups. The height meter and weight were calibrated with a digital scale and the body mass index was calculated by calculating the height and weight and the corresponding formula. The training program of the experimental group was for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes in each session. The training session included a 10-minute warm-up at the beginning of the workout and a 10-minute cool-down at the end of the workout. According to the present study, the percentage of fat in the training group was significantly reduced compared to the control. Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the FVC respiratory indices and the FEV1/FVC ratio. This was even though no significant difference was observed in the FEV1 index between the training and control groups. . Resistance training improves body composition by increasing metabolism and energy consumption and reducing fat mass. Research has shown that resistance training is effective in improving body composition due to increasing muscle volume and reducing fat percentage. In the present study, it was observed that resistance training with bodyweight could improve FVC. Resistance training is effective in improving the pulmonary indices of people by improving the skeletal muscle system and posture. The final result of this research showed us that resistance training with body weight in overweight women can improve body composition and respiratory function.

The impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on anthropometric measurements and body composition: Evidence from LORANS study and a meta-analysis.

Although the effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on anthropometry and body composition has been questioned, none of the previous studies tried to explain the reported changes in these parameters. Also, systematic reviews that investigated the topic were limited to healthy individuals or a specific disease group. The London Ramadan Study (LORANS) is an observational study on health effects of RIF. We measured weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat percentage (FP), free-fat mass (FFM), extremities predicted muscle mass, total body water (TBW), trunk FM, trunk FFM and trunk predicted muscle mass before and immediately after Ramadan. Using mixed-effects regression models, we investigated the effect of RIF with adjustment for potential confounders. We also conducted a meta-analysis of the results of LORANS with other studies that investigated the effect of RIF on anthropometry and body composition. The review protocol is registered with PROSPERO registry (CRD42020186532). We recruited 146 participants (Mean ± SD age = 43.3 ± 15 years). Immediately after Ramadan, compared with before Ramadan, the mean difference was-1.6 kg (P<0.01) in weight,-1.95cm (P<0.01) in WC,-2.86cm (P <0.01) in HC, -0.60 kg/m2 (P < 0.01) in BMI and -1.24 kg (P < 0.01) in FM. In the systematic review and meta-analysis, after screening 2,150 titles and abstracts, 66 studies comprising 7,611 participants were included. In the general population, RIF was followed by a reduction of 1.12 Kg in body weight (-1.89- -0.36, I2 = 0), 0.74 kg/m2 reduction in BMI (-0.96- -0.53, I2 = 0), 1.54cm reduction in WC (-2.37- -0.71, I2 = 0) and 1.76cm reduction in HC (-2.69- -0.83, I2 = 0). The effect of fasting on anthropometric and body composition parameters starts to manifest in the second week of Ramadan and starts to diminish 3 weeks after Ramadan. RIF is associated with a reduction in body weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, FP and TBW. Most of these reductions are partially attributed to reduced FM and TBW. The reductions in these parameters appear to reverse after Ramadan.

Short-Term Effects of Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery on Respiratory and Skeletal Muscles’ Strength

Background: Bariatric surgery leads to weight loss and body fat percentage reduction, but patients are prone to lean tissue loss which itself reduces the quality of life, and increases the risk of deatand h. This study evaluated the effects of bariatric surgery and changes in Fat Mass (FM) and Fat-Free Mass (FFM) on the respiratory and skeletal muscles’ strength three months after bariatric surgery.&#x0D; Methods: After obtaining demographic information, anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis, including Body Mass Index (BMI), FM, FFM, Percent Body Fat (PBF), handgrip isometric force, respiratory muscle forces and spirometry volumes, were assessed before and three months after bariatric surgery in 50 men and women undergoing this surgery.&#x0D; Results: Weight, BMI, FM, PBF and FFM isometric muscle force were decreased significantly. In contrast, respiratory muscle forces and respiratory volumes were increased significantly three months after the surgery. Reduction in FFM 3 months after the surgery did not lead to a change in respiratory muscle strength (p-values≥0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: According to our findings, FM and FFM along with weight and BMI decrease significantly after bariatric surgery. These alternations were accompanied by a significant increase in respiratory muscle strength but were not correlated with handgrip muscle force changes.

Comparison of a pre-bariatric surgery very low-calorie ketogenic diet and the Mediterranean diet effects on weight loss, metabolic parameters, and liver size reduction

This study compared the effects on weight as well as on metabolic parameters and liver size of a very low-calorie ketogenic diet versus a Mediterranean diet in patients with morbid obesity preparing to undergo bariatric surgery. This prospective comparison study evaluated patients 18–65 years of age who enrolled for bariatric surgery. Study duration was limited to an immediate preoperative period of 15 days. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet incorporated 10–12 kcal/kg/day of energy and 1–1.2 g/kg of protein using Kalibra (Societa Dietetica Medica) (VLCKD-SDM). The Mediterranean diet (MD) included 15–20% protein, 45–50% carbohydrate, and 25–35% fat. Changes in body mass index (BMI), liver size, and anthropometric and metabolic measurements were assessed. Between January 2016 and March 2017, of 45 patients enrolled, 30 completed the study (VLCKD-SDM, n = 15; MD, n = 15). Respective median BMI loss after VLCKD-SDM was 2.7 kg/m2 versus MD 1.4 kg/m2 (p < 0.05); median fat percentage reduction was 3.2 units versus 1.7 units (p < 0.05). Median liver size decreased 5.5% in the VLCKD-SDM group versus 1.7% in the MD group (p < 0.05). Median total cholesterol, and LDL levels decreased in both groups (p < 0.05), with greater relative decreases in the VLCKD-SDM group. Short-term preoperative diet-based weight loss in patients with morbid obesity preparing for bariatric surgery was significantly greater following a very low-calorie ketogenic diet versus a Mediterranean diet. The very low-calorie diet also significantly improved anthropometric and metabolic parameters and reduced preoperative liver size above that of the MD.

The effect of 5 years of team sport on elderly males' health and social capital-An interdisciplinary follow-up study.

Background and AimsFloorball training induces positive effects on health among untrained older adults. However, the effect of long‐term participation (>2 years) in floorball training among elderly males has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of 5 years of floorball training on risk factors for lifestyle diseases, fitness, physical function, and social capital of elderly males and compare to a control group that continued their usual lifestyle.MethodsTwenty‐nine recreationally active elderly men aged 75.1 ± 3.3 (mean ± SD; range: 69–81) years with a height, body mass, and body mass index of 1.78 ± 0.06 m, 79.8 ± 10.9 kg, and 25.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2, respectively, volunteered to take part in follow‐up investigations about 5 years after participating in a study on the effect of 12 weeks of floorball or petanque training. At the end of the parental study 15 subjects chose to participate in floorball training (floorball group [FG]) whereas 14 subjects (control group [CG]), resumed their usual lifestyle. FG participated in small‐sided floorball training 1 h ~1.75 times/week for 5 years in a local sports club.ResultsFrom baseline to 5 years, FG had reduced fat percentage, android, and visceral fat, increased total and leg bone mineral density, leg extension maximal voluntary contraction, maximal walk distance in 6 min and 30 s sit‐to‐stand repetitions, decreased time for 5 sit‐to‐stand repetitions and Timed Up and Go (p < 0.05). These changes were all different from less favorable changes in CG (p < 0.05). In FG there was a decline in maximum oxygen uptake which was smaller than the decline in CG (p < 0.05). In addition, FG had developed social capital through the 5 years strengthening their social connectedness and group cohesion.ConclusionIn conclusion, both from a sociological and physiological perspective, small‐sided floorball training can be considered a health‐promoting activity for older men.

Changes in serum albumin and liver enzymes following three different types of bariatric surgery: six-month follow-up. A retrospective cohort study.

Few reports have examined the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on changes to serum albumin (Alb) and liver enzyme levels. To compare short-term post-surgery changes in serum Alb, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) levels. Body composition changes were also measured and compared among three groups. Retrospective cohort study conducted in Tehran, Iran. 151 OAGB, RYGB and SG patients referred to the obesity clinic of Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were evaluated. Physical characteristics and biochemical parameters were measured pre-surgery and then after three and six months. Through repeated measurements to determine intragroup changes, significant changes in serum AST (P = 0.003) and ALT (P < 0.001) were observed in follow-ups. However, Alb levels did not change (P = 0.413). Body fat, fat-free mass and muscle mass decreased significantly in each group (P < 0.05). In a univariate general linear model for determining intergroup changes, SG showed greater decreases in ALT and AST at three and six months (P < 0.05) and in ALKP at six months (P = 0.037), compared with OAGB. There were no significant differences in Alb levels. Also, RYGB had a greater effect on reducing fat percentage (three months, P = 0.011; six months, P = 0.059) and fat mass (three months, P = 0.042) than OAGB. SG and RYGB may be superior to OAGB in reducing liver enzymes and body fat, respectively. However, Alb levels showed no significant differences.

HMB Improves Lipid Metabolism of Bama Xiang Mini-Pigs via Modulating the Bacteroidetes-Acetic Acid-AMPKα Axis.

Here, we used Bama Xiang mini-pigs to explore the effects of different dietary β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) levels (0, 0.13, 0.64 or 1.28%) on lipid metabolism of adipose tissue. Results showed that HMB decreased the fat percentage of pigs (linearly, P < 0.05), and the lowest value was observed in the 0.13% HMB group. Moreover, the colonic acetic acid concentration and the relative Bacteroidetes abundance were increased in response to HMB supplementation (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis identified a positive correlation between the relative Bacteroidetes abundance and acetic acid production, and a negative correlation between fat percentage and the relative Bacteroidetes abundance or acetic acid production. HMB also upregulated the phosphorylation (p) of AMPKα, Sirt1, and FoxO1, and downregulated the p-mTOR expression. Collectively, these findings indicate that reduced fat percentage in Bama Xiang mini-pigs could be induced by HMB supplementation and the mechanism might be associated with the Bacteroidetes-acetic acid-AMPKα axis.

Effect of different interval training protocols on adiposity indicators in overweight-obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT The present meta-analysis verified the impact of different protocols of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on indicators of adiposity in overweight and obese children and adolescents. Searches were performed in the databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, SPORTDiscus, LILACS and SciELO. Were included studies without caloric restriction that aimed to verify the effect of HIIT interventions on the adiposity indicators in overweight children and adolescents published until December 2018. The PEDro scale was used to assess the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was conducted in the Revman software using standardized mean difference (SMD) data and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Seventeen studies were selected, which involved 289 children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. HIIT interventions (mean=11.7±5.9 weeks) produced significant decreases in body fat percentage (SMD=-0.65; CI=-1.07, -0.23) and waist circumference (SMD=-0.34; CI=-0.49, -0.18). Also, major relative risk of decrease in body fat percentage were observed in favour to protocols with work/recovery interval ratios of 1:1 and 2:1. HIIT protocols with ratios (work/recovery intervals) 1:1 and 2:1 promote significant reductions in fat percentage and waist circumference in overweight and obese children, independently of the total work time.

Metode Penurunan Persentase Lemak Pada Daerah Tubuh Tertentu Melalui Aplikasi Latihan Workout

One of the most important factors in the world of fitness is how to lose fat in the body. Exercise using applications is one method that is believed by the general public to be useful for losing fat in one part of the body, but the clarity of the effect of this exercise on reducing fat percentage has not been clearly revealed. Therefore, it is important to do research on this problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of exercise using the application on decreasing the percentage of fat. This study used an experimental method. The population used in this study were elementary school students who were classified as obese using purposive sampling technique, and were divided into two groups by ranking. Based on data processing, the authors draw the following conclusions: Abdominal exercises have a significant impact on reducing the percentage of fat in the abdominal area. As a control group, conventional exercise also had a significant effect on reducing the percentage of fat in the abdominal area.

Short-term hypoxic resistance training improves muscular performance in untrained males

We determined the effect of resistance training under the hypoxia on muscular strength, hypertrophy and performance in untrained males. Fourteen healthy male subjects were randomly assigned to either a normoxic (20.9%; oxygen, n = 7) or a hypoxic (12.7%; oxygen, n = 7) resistance training group. Subjects in both groups performed similar resistance training protocol included 4 weeks of back squat. Knee muscles isokinetic, one-repetition maximum, thigh fat percentage and cross-sectional area were measured before and after training. Extension peak torque, flexion and extension total work, extension angle and flexion peak torque, extension average power, agonist/antagonist strength ratio and thigh muscle cross-sectional were only significantly increased in hypoxic resistance training group ( P < 0.05). The increases in flexion peak torque and average power were significantly higher and thigh fat percentage was significantly lower in hypoxic resistance training group compared to the normoxic condition ( P < 0.05). Our results suggest that hypoxic resistance training reduces fat percentage and improves knee muscle performance efficiently without significant changes in strength and hypertrophy. Nous avons déterminé l’effet de l’entraînement en résistance sous hypoxie sur la force musculaire, l’hypertrophie et la performance chez des sujets de sexe masculin non entraînés. Quatorze sujets de sexe masculin en bonne santé ont été répartis au hasard dans un groupe d’entraînement en résistance normoxique (20,9 % ; oxygène, n = 7) ou hypoxique (12,7 % ; oxygène, n = 7). Les sujets dans les deux groupes ont effectué un protocole d’entraînement en résistance similaire comprenant 4 semaines de squat arrière. Les muscles isocinétiques du genou, le maximum d’une répétition, le pourcentage de graisse de la cuisse et la surface transversale ont été mesurés avant et après l’entraînement. Le couple maximal d’extension, le travail total de flexion et d’extension, l’angle d’extension et le couple maximal de flexion, la puissance moyenne d’extension, le rapport de force agoniste/antagoniste et la section transversale des muscles de la cuisse n’ont été significativement augmentés que dans le groupe d’entraînement à la résistance hypoxique ( p < 0,05). Les augmentations du couple de pointe en flexion et de la puissance moyenne étaient significativement plus élevées et le pourcentage de graisse de cuisse était significativement plus faible dans le groupe d’entraînement en résistance hypoxique par rapport à la condition normoxique ( p < 0,05). Nos résultats suggèrent que l’entraînement en résistance hypoxique réduit le pourcentage de masse grasse et améliore efficacement la performance musculaire du genou sans changements significatifs de force et d’hypertrophie.

Effect of a combination of aerobic exercise and dietary modification on liver function in overweight and obese men

Background: Obesity is not only associated with cardiovascular diseases but also a primary cause of liver dysfunction and other related diseases. This study's aim was to determine the impact of a combination of dietary modification and aerobic exercise on liver function in overweight and obese adult males. Methods: 45 overweight or obese men were randomly divided between the control group (n = 22) and intervention group (n = 23). Subjects in the intervention group were provided with dietary modification and aerobic exercise programmes. Dietary modification is a diet which restricts calorie intake and balances nutrients. Before and after 12 weeks of intervention, participants' anthropometric characteristics and biochemical parameters relating to liver function including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured. Results: 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and dietary modification resulted in average weight loss of 10.6%, and body mass index, waist circumference and fat percentage decreased by 10.2%, 9.4% and 14.5% (P &lt; 0.05). AST, ALT, GGT and ALP in the intervention group reduced by 20.6%, 18.1%, 37.7% and 6.1% (P &lt; 0.05). Compared to the control group, AST, ALT, GGT and ALP in the intervention group were markedly lower (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, there was a markedly positive relationship between the reduction rates of body weight and GGT (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and dietary modification caused significant weight, waist circumference and body fat percentage reduction in overweight and obese men and their liver function was improved. The findings can provide a scientific reference for the improvement of liver function and prevention of liver diseases among overweight and obese people.

Evaluation of changes in adipocytokine concentrations and correlation between adipocytokines and body fat percentage after endurance training in obese girls

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in adipocytokine concentrations and the correlation between adipocytokines and body fat percentage after endurance training in obese girlsMethodsThis was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, in which 19 overweight girls aged 8–12 years were randomly selected. Anthropometric and blood indices were assessed before and after the intervention.ResultsThe average leptin level (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.016) and fat percentage (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002) were significantly reduced after 12 weeks of moderate-intensity endurance training, whereas the average adiponectin levels (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.012) were significantly increased. There was a reverse correlation between adiponectin levels and BMI (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018), body fat percentage (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.015), and leptin concentrations (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025).ConclusionsConsidering the adipocytokine improvement and body fat percentage reduction observed in this study, one can state that moderate-intensity endurance training has a role in the prevention of obesity-related diseases such as metabolic and cardiovascular disease

The effect of bariatric surgery on the improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms in morbidly obese male patients.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are strongly linked with obesity. Whether bariatric surgery can effectively alleviate LUTS in morbidly obese men is unknown. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing the prevalence and severity of male LUTS in obese patients. This was a prospective observational study on consecutive morbidly obese men undergoing bariatric surgery. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was used to assess for LUTS before and at 1-3 years after surgery. The 3-year changes in IPSS, the changes in LUTS severity, and the factors associated with LUTS improvement were evaluated. This study recruited 143 morbidly obese men (mean age 43.0 ± 10.4 years) undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (n = 89) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 54). The rates of follow-up after surgery were 94.4% (n = 119/126) at 1 year, 90.6% (n = 96/106) at 2 years, and 81.2% (n = 69/85) at 3 years. After surgery, there was significant body mass index reduction from 39.1 ± 5.2 kg/m2 preoperatively to 30.1 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at 1 year and 31.5 ± 4.9 kg/m2 at 3 years (P < 0.001). There was significant reduction in IPSS total symptom score, quality of life score, frequency score, and nocturia score (P < 0.05). The prevalence of moderate to severe LUTS reduced from 35.0% (29.4% moderate; 5.6% severe) preoperatively to 21.8% (19.3% moderate; 2.5% severe) at 1 year and 30.4% (24.6% moderate; 5.8% severe) at 3 years (P < 0.001). LUTS improvement was significantly associated with body fat percentage reduction (P = 0.012) and was not associated with weight loss or improvement of metabolic parameters. Bariatric surgery was an effective and durable intervention for alleviating the prevalence and severity of LUTS in morbidly obese men for up to 3 years.

Abstract P2-18-07: Weight and body composition’s analysis in chemotherapy-treated women with breast cancer under nutritional follow up in a private oncology service in Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The obesity/overweight is closely related to poorer breast cancer prognosis, as well as higher mortality rates. In postmenopausal women, the main source of estrogen is in the adipose tissue. Due to that, overweight/obesity leads to an increase in breast cancer development and disease progression. This is a consequence of not only to high estrogen levels, but also to an increase in circulating factors that influence in inflammatory pathway activations and insulin resistance increase. OBJECTIVES: This study aims at analyzing weight and body composition variation in breast cancer women under nutritional monitoring during adjuvant chemotherapy (CT). METHOD/DESIGN: This is an observational, prospective study with estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positives, HER2 negative breast cancer women, who underwent adjuvant CT, from 07/17/2018 to 06/19/2019. Nutritionists followed up these patients during all of CT cycles, and data on body composition were collected through bioelectric impedance in the first and last days of chemotherapy. In between cycles, body weight assessments, nutritional guidelines orientations adherence were checked against the information, which had been offered. RESULTS: 51 women were selected and 4 excluded according to study criteria (3 patients turned HER2 positive by FISH and 1 patient had metastatic cancer confirmation). By the data analysis, 36 patients completed chemotherapy. The CT regimens used were doxorrubicin, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel (ACT) (59%), AC plus docetaxel (4%), cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and Fluorouracil (CMF) (10%), AC (6%) and docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (TC) (21%). The mean age was 51 years, with 12 women aged ≥ 60 years. At the beginning the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 27.94 kg / m2. 37% of them were classified as eutrophic, 33% were overweight and 30% obese, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Weight gain was observed in 64% of patients, with a significant increase in lean mass (kg) as well as body water (in 75% of patients). There was a reduction in fat percentage due to the reduction of fat mass in kilos (52.8% of patients) and the increase of lean mass (kg). The mean BMI at the end of treatment was 27.08 kg / m2, with a decrease in obesity and eutrophic index (reduction of 5.8% and 32.9%, respectively) and an increase in overweight by 41.7%. If considered the weight variation per CT protocol, the women submitted to the ACT scheme had a higher prevalence of weight gain, distributed in lean mass (80%), body water (75%) and fat mass reduction in 55% of these patients. On the other hand, there was a reduction in the mean of BMI value between the first evaluation (26.7 kg / m2) and the last one (22.4 kg / m2), as well as a lower fat mass in 62.5% of women who were submitted to TC protocol. In addition, in CMF and AC protocol, only one patient in each regimen finished the treatment until the deadline. In this case, the results were immature and not been reported in this abstract. CONCLUSIONS: There was an improvement in body composition, considering lean and fat mass in the study population, probably due to the nutritional monitoring during all cycles of chemotherapy. Nutritional therapy certainly influenced adherence to better eating habits. Full data of the 51 patients will be presented during the meeting. It should reinforce the need of developing prospective controlled studies, targeting nutritional intervention in breast cancer treatment. Citation Format: Flavia Rocha Paes, Anna Nogueira Verano, Julia SM de Sá, Rafaela M Peixoto, Juliana CO Pena, Maria Clara A Zocrato, Patricia C Christo, Fernanda CMJ Oliveira, Bruno L Ferrari. Weight and body composition’s analysis in chemotherapy-treated women with breast cancer under nutritional follow up in a private oncology service in Brazil [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-18-07.

1996-P: Paternal Gastric Bypass Surgery Confers Protection from Metabolic Syndrome and Hepatic Steatosis in Offspring Mice

Bariatric surgery is increasingly recognized as a potent approach for obesity and T2D. While bariatric surgery in females yields variable effects on offspring, the impact of bariatric surgery in males on metabolism of their offspring is unknown. To determine whether paternal RYGB could induce intergenerational effects, male C57BL/6 mice with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 5 months earlier (RYGB, n=4) or weight/age-matched controls (CON, n=5) were bred with healthy females of the same strain; 3 pregnancies were achieved by RYGB and 6 by CON males. Birth weight of offspring from RYGB or CON fathers did not differ. Seven offspring (2 litters) of RYGB fathers and 12 (2 litters) of CON fathers survived to weaning. On chow diet, male offspring of RYGB fathers reduced weight gain over time (p&amp;lt;0.05 vs. CON) but there was no significant difference in insulin sensitivity or glucose tolerance at 3 months of age. At 6 months of age, male offspring of RYGB fathers had significantly lower fasting glucose and improved oral glucose tolerance (17% lower AUC, p&amp;lt;0.05). When fed a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks, RYGB offspring had significantly lower weight gain than control offspring, with lower body weight (37±5.7g vs. 51±1.1g), and reduced fat percentage (36±6.8 vs. 48±1.1%), in turn potentially linked to reduced food intake. Moreover, RYGB offspring had lower fasting glucose, improved insulin sensitivity (intraperitoneal insulin tolerance), and increased respiratory exchange ratio in fed state. In addition, HFD-fed RYGB offspring had dramatic improvement in hepatic steatosis, with 70% of RYGB offspring having no steatosis, as compared with 100% of CON offspring with severe steatosis (p&amp;lt;0.0001). In conclusion, RYGB surgery in fathers prior to breeding can provide protection against metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis in offspring, and suggests that interventions to improve the health of fathers could interrupt intergenerational cycles of obesity and diabetes risk. Disclosure Y. Yuchi: None. Z. Hao: None. T. Takagi: None. H. Berthoud: None. M.E. Patti: Consultant; Self; Eiger BioPharmaceuticals. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., MedImmune, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding The Medical Foundation; National Institutes of Health (DK047348)

The effects of eight weeks anaerobic interval training on serum levels of resistin and vaspin and insulin resistance in obese men with type-2 diabetes

Background: Increased secretion of Resistin impaired the insulin function and glucose metabolism, and also Vaspin had an impact on insulin resistance and can play an anti-inflammatory role. This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks anaerobic interval training on serum levels of Resistin and Vaspin and Insulin Resistance. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included obese men with type-2 diabetes that 28 people of them were selected and divided into two group Control and Experimental (n=14). The experimental group performed anaerobic interval exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The blood samples were collected from all the subjects before and after 8 weeks. The assumptions of homogeneity of the slope of the regression line and also the linearity of the relationship between the scores before and after the practice is used and after the confirmation, Covariance analysis test is used (The significance level was considered p≤0/05). Results: The anaerobic interval training has significantly reduce Vaspin (p= <0.0001, f=43.243), Resistin (p=<0.0001, f=40.957) and Insulin Resistance (p=< 0.001, f= 52.024). Conclusion: The anaerobic interval training by weight loss and body fat percentage reduction, leading to significant reduction in serum Resistin and Vaspin and also Insulin resistance, therefore it can be used as a complementary therapy for obese patients and patients with type-2 diabetes.

Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Ramadan involves one month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition. Methods: In May 2018, we searched six databases for publications that measured weight and body composition before and after Ramadan, and that did not attempt to influence physical activity or diet. Results: Data were collected from 70 publications (90 comparison groups, 2947 participants). There was a significant positive correlation between starting body mass index and weight lost during the fasting period. Consistently, there was a significant reduction in fat percentage between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan in people with overweight or obesity (−1.46 (95% confidence interval: −2.57 to −0.35) %, p = 0.010), but not in those of normal weight (−0.41 (−1.45 to 0.63) %, p = 0.436). Loss of fat-free mass was also significant between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan, but was about 30% less than loss of absolute fat mass. At 2–5 weeks after the end of Ramadan, there was a return towards, or to, pre-Ramadan measurements in weight and body composition. Conclusions: Even with no advice on lifestyle changes, there are consistent—albeit transient—reductions in weight and fat mass with the Ramadan fast, especially in people with overweight or obesity.

Single and combined effects of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils and acetic acid on productive performance, certain blood and kidney health-related parameters in broiler chickens

A 2 × 6 factorial experiment was carried out to evaluate the single and combined effects of oral gavage of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils (SkEO; 0, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mg/bird/day) and dietary acetic acid (AA; 0 and 20 mg/kg) on selected parameters using 252 Ross-308 14-day-old broiler chicks. Effects of 12 treatments were examined in seven replicates of three birds each. Administration of SkEO at 400, 500 and 600 mg/day reduced ADFI by 8.99, 8.09 and 10.12% compared with those gavaged with 200 mg, respectively. In the birds gavaged with 400 mg SkEO, serum concentration of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) increased when compared with those who received 600 mg SkEO in Days 42 of age. Serum concentration of albumin (ALB) was greater by 8.38% in birds fed with AA-added diets than the control birds in Day 34 of age. Serum concentration of antioxidants increased in the birds receiving 400 mg of SkEO and fed with the non-acidified diet than those receiving 300 mg of SkEO and fed acidified diets. Gross kidney health improved by gavaging SkEO indicated by greater frequency of score zero (apparently healthy) and reduced fat percentage in the SkEO-fed birds. The kidney fat proportion in the birds gavaged SkEO at 300 to 500 mg were decreased when compared with control birds in Day 38 of age. In conclusion, SkEO can be fed to broiler chicken to improve kidney health at 200 to 400 mg/day with no adverse effect of performance.HIGHLIGHTSDirect administration of SkEO into crop through oral gavageing lowered feed intake and improved gross kidney health.Almost all productive performance indications were adversely affected in birds receiving AA-added diets.No interaction was found between the SkEO and acetic acid in main productive traits.