Reduction Of Remanent Magnetization Research Articles

Tuning mass transport in magnetic nanoparticle-filled viscoelastic hydrogels using low-frequency rotating magnetic fields.

This study investigates the response of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), dispersed in a viscoelastic hydrogel, to an external rotating magnetic field (RMF) for the purpose of developing a new class of magneto-responsive materials with tunable mass transport properties. Ferrogels were prepared by chemical cross-linking and polymerization of acrylamide in colloidal dispersions of thermally blocked MNPs of cobalt ferrite. Magnetization measurements of ferrogels in a swollen state revealed a transitional state from ferromagnetism to superparamagnetism through the shrinkage of hysteresis loops and the reduction of remanent magnetization. A quantitative analysis of magnetization data indicated the existence of hydrodynamically free MNPs, susceptible to Brownian relaxation along with the blocked ones. It was found through rheological analysis that inclusion of MNPs within the polymer matrix significantly alters the ferrogel's elasticity. At low chemical crosslinking ratios, MNPs improve elasticity through the formation of physical crosslinks ensued by reduction in the fraction of the free MNPs. As the crosslinking ratio was increased, the polymer network showed a tendency toward blockage of more MNPs. Effective diffusion coefficients in both particle-free hydrogels and ferrogels were obtained by measuring the release kinetics of a model compound in the absence and presence of an external low-frequency RMF. Experimental results showed that conversion of magnetic energy to kinetic energy by rotational movement of the free MNPs in a RMF escalates mass transport provided that hydrodynamically free MNPs are available within the ferrogels. The effectiveness of excitation by a RMF showed correlation with the density of free MNPs. Release experiments at constant RMF intensity and various frequencies revealed augmentation of effective diffusivities as the frequency was increased from 10 to 75 Hz.

Bending stresses and bistable behavior in Fe-rich amorphous wire

The aim of this work is to analyze for the first time the changes in magnetic properties of an Fe-rich amorphous wire (Fe77.5Si7.5B15) when it is submitted to bending stresses. Upon a reduction of the radius of curvature, Rc, of the wire (i.e., increasing bending stresses), the main changes in the magnetic properties are summarized as follows: (a) Bistable behavior disappears when reducing Rc below about 11 cm but it is again observed for Rc less than about 2.5 cm. This latter effect is also obtained for short wires (less than around 7 cm) which do not show spontaneous bistability. (b) For the case when bending stresses make bistability disappear, the susceptibility increases more than one order of magnitude with regards to the case of bistable wire, and parallel to the increase of susceptibility, a reduction of remanent magnetization is observed. The disappearance and later occurrence of the bistable behavior with increasing bending stresses are discussed in terms of the tensile and compressive stresses induced when the sample is bent. The possibility of having bistable wires with toroidal symmetry is also discussed owing to its interest for particular applications as pulse generators with reduced size and magnetic switches.

A phenomenological differential-relation-based vector hysteresis model

A phenomenological inherently vector hysteresis model employing simple differentials as a means of keeping track of the past history of the magnetic field is proposed. This results in a simple and computationally fairly efficient formulation for vector hysteresis of any dimension. An expression for determining model parameters from experimental data or from the Preisach function is given. The model exhibits rotational hysteresis and reduction of remanent magnetization by an orthogonal field and reduces to the classical Preisach model in one dimension. Details concerning the numerical implementation are discussed and computational examples demonstrating model properties are presented.

Soft-magnetic multilayers for video recording heads

The effect of inducing a uniaxial anisotropy in microcrystalline Fe/FeCrB multilayers by applying a magnetic field during deposition was studied. Not only a reduction of remanent magnetization, but also an increase of permeability (at 10 MHz) are the result. In the hard axis direction a permeability of 6000 is found for a 10 nm/3 nm Fe/FeCrB multilayer. Calculations show that such high permeabilities are interesting for high-density recording heads without ferrite in the core. The domain structure in the head shows the presence of the uniaxial anisotropy. Large unwanted closure domains, in which rotation permeability is low, are present.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>