Red Cell Filterability Research Articles

Red blood cell filterability measurement in the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis

Red blood cell filterability measurement in the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis

Red blood cell filterability in essential hypertension: Role of transmembranary ions fluxes

Red blood cell filterability in essential hypertension: Role of transmembranary ions fluxes

Filterability of red cells in iron deficiency

Filterability of red cells in iron deficiency

Autotransfusion - The effects of cell salvage on the filterability of autotransfused red cells

30 patients undergoing elective aortic surgery had intraoperative autologous blood transfusion, 15 with the Solcotrans device and 15 with the Haemonetics Cell Saver system. Markers of red cell damage and alteration of red cell parameters and biochemistry were studied. Using the St. Georges Filtrometer, the filterability of preoperative red cells was compared to that of red cells that had undergone salvage

Filterability of neonatal red cells after normal and complicated pregnancies

Filterability of neonatal red cells after normal and complicated pregnancies

Influence of lactate on the insulin action on red blood cell filterability

Influence of lactate on the insulin action on red blood cell filterability

Haemorheological changes associated with the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive therapy

In this study of 3 normal females and 30 receiving oral contraceptives (OCs) no association was established between plasma viscosity whole blood viscosity (WBV) corrected for a 45% packed cell volume red cell filterability and levels of plasma estrogen and progesterone. In OC users there was a transient rise in both plasma and WBV recorded after 1 month with reversal by 3 months and stabilization thereafter. (authors)

Is there a correlation between red cell filterability and blood viscosity measurements?

Is there a correlation between red cell filterability and blood viscosity measurements?

The influence of fibrinogen on red cell filterability

The influence of fibrinogen on red cell filterability

Interrelationship between whole blood and red cell filterability

Interrelationship between whole blood and red cell filterability

The effect of BMY-20014 and pentoxifylline on the filterability of human neutrophils and red blood cells

The effect of BMY-20014 and pentoxifylline on the filtration characteristics of a suspension of washed human neutrophils and red blood cells was determined. A mixture of red cells (10% hematocrit) and neutrophils (300/μl) was pumped through 3 μ. Nuclepore filters at a rate of 1 ml/min and the filtration pressure monitored

On red blood cell (RBC) filterability, presented in 1958 by Robin Fåraeus, his controversy to Knisely’s ‘blood sludge’ and Copley’s concept on blood cellular clumping

On red blood cell (RBC) filterability, presented in 1958 by Robin Fåraeus, his controversy to Knisely’s ‘blood sludge’ and Copley’s concept on blood cellular clumping

Rheologic, haemostatic, and coagulative variables in type II hyperlipoproteinemic subjects

The aim of the study was to evaluate the direct influence of cholesterol and triglycerides on the rheologic-coagulative pattern. Blood rheologic properties (blood plasmatic and seric viscosity, whole blood and red cell filterability), some coagulative factors (fibrinogen, levels of clotting factors VII and VIII activity), and beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were studied in 156 men aged 40–54 years, 87 with type II hyperlipoproteinemia (46 type IIa and 41 type IIb) and 69 normolipemic controls. Smokers and patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular clinical manifestations were excluded. Increased blood viscosity (shear rate 225 sec-1,p<0.01) and higher value of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 (p<0.001 both) were observed in type IIb hyperlipoproteinemic patients. Levels of fibrinogen and factor VII and VIII activity did not differ in hyperlipemic patients and controls. After multiple regression analysis, levels of platelet factor 4, plasma viscosity, and fibrinogenemia were positively related with triglycerides concentration; total cholesterol concentration was positively related to fVII activity and inversely with red cell filterability. We conclude that the rheologic-coagulative pattern is more severely altered in type IIb than in type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia, and that these alterations are strictly related to the severity of the increase in trigly cerides and cholesterol levels.

In vitro antioxidant properties of pentoxifylline and vinpocetine in a rheological model

We read the paper by Muravyov et al. [4] with great interest. It provides important information on the hemorheological efficiency of drugs, targeting the intracellular phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. Their in vitro study concentrated on changes of red cell microrheological parameters (red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, viscosity) after their incubation with some drugs (pentoxifylline, drotaverine, vinpocetine, papaverine, caffeine) having PDE activity. While studying their rheological properties, important aspect could be the examination of the antioxidant effect of these drugs, which can also affect microrheological parameters. In our in vitro study [3], the scavenger capacity of two of the above mentioned drugs, pentoxifylline and vinpocetine was investigated. 1 mM phenazine methosulphate (PMS) was applied to generate free radicals and thus increase red blood cell rigidity. The drugs were examined at three concentrations: human serum concentration used in vivo, ten and hundred times higher concentrations. The antioxidant capacity of these drugs was compared to Vitamin E at therapeutic serum concentration. Red blood cell filterability of these suspensions by Carat FT-1 Filtrometer (Carat Ltd, Hungary) using St George’s technique [1] and potassium concentration of the supernatant by digital flame photometer were determined to detect the cellular damage and the scavenging effect of the examined drugs. In this model the filterability of RBCs treated with PMS was reduced significantly ( p< 0.001) and the potassium concentration of the supernatant was significantly higher ( p< 0.001) compared to control samples, which referred to the increased rigidity of cells and the RBC membrane damage. According to our results, at human therapeutic serum concentration only vinpocetine had significant ( p< 0.01) scavenging activity with a protective effect that increased further at higher concentrations. This protective effect of vinpocetine used at therapeutic serum concentration was similar to that of Vitamin E.

Cerebral vaso‐occlusive event with low‐osmolar intravenous contrast in a patient with sickle cell disease

American Journal of HematologyVolume 81, Issue 5 p. 383-383 Letters and CorrespondenceFree Access Cerebral vaso-occlusive event with low-osmolar intravenous contrast in a patient with sickle cell disease D. Zantomio, D. Zantomio Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorR.J. Dowling, R.J. Dowling Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorA. Grigg, A. Grigg Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author D. Zantomio, D. Zantomio Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorR.J. Dowling, R.J. Dowling Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorA. Grigg, A. Grigg Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 20 April 2006 https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.20554Citations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL References 1 Rao VM, Rao AK, Steiner RM, Burka ER, Grainger RG, Ballas SK. The effect of ionic and nonionic contrast media on the sickling phenomenon. Radiology 1982; 144: 291– 293. 2 Banna M. Post-angiographic blindness in a patient with sickle cell disease. Invest Radiol 1992; 27(2): 179– 181. 3 Willinsky RA, Taylor SM, TerBrugge K, Farb RI, Tomlinson G, Montanera W. Neurologic complications of cerebral angiography: prospective analysis of 2,899 procedures and review of the literature. Radiology 2003; 227(2): 522– 528. 4 Losco P, Nash G, Stone P, Ventre J. Comparison of the effects of radiographic contrast media on dehydration and filterability of red blood cells from donors homozygous for hemoglobin A or hemoglobin S. Am J Hematol 2001; 68: 149– 158. 5 Marchant WA, Walker I. Anaesthetic management of the child with sickle cell disease. Paediatr Anaesth 2003; 13(6): 473– 489. Citing Literature Volume81, Issue5May 2006Pages 383-383 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Ethanol Improves Decreased Filterability of Human Red Blood Cells Through Modulation of Intracellular Signaling Pathways

Background: Deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) is one of the most important factors in maintaining the microcirculation system. In vitro studies have revealed that ethanol seriously impairs the deformability of RBCs at concentrations far higher than those easily achievable in the blood after alcohol consumption. We examined the effect of ethanol on deformability at the physiologically achievable concentrations. Methods: To impair deformability quantitatively, washed RBCs from healthy young male volunteers were mechanically stressed by being injected rapidly through a fine needle. The deformability of RBCs was evaluated by measuring the filterability through a nickel mesh filter. The activities of protein kinase A and protein kinase C in RBCs were measured by the ELISA method using an antibody for the phosphorylated substrate of the kinases. Results: Ethanol exhibited a biphasic effect on the mechanically impaired filterability of human RBCs, that is, an improvement at concentrations from 0.02% to 0.2% (v/v) and a marked deterioration at 0.5% and higher. Without mechanical stress, ethanol decreased filterability at concentrations of 0.5% and higher. Ethanol increased the protein kinase A and protein kinase C activities of the mechanically stressed RBCs at concentrations of 0.02% and higher and those of the RBCs without mechanical stress at concentrations of 0.05% and higher. Conclusions: The present results suggest a beneficial effect of ethanol on blood rheology at concentrations that are physiologically achievable in the blood and indicate the importance of intracellular signaling pathways in regulating the deformability of RBCs.

Ethanol Improves Decreased Filterability of Human Red Blood Cells Through Modulation of Intracellular Signaling Pathways

Deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) is one of the most important factors in maintaining the microcirculation system. In vitro studies have revealed that ethanol seriously impairs the deformability of RBCs at concentrations far higher than those easily achievable in the blood after alcohol consumption. We examined the effect of ethanol on deformability at the physiologically achievable concentrations. To impair deformability quantitatively, washed RBCs from healthy young male volunteers were mechanically stressed by being injected rapidly through a fine needle. The deformability of RBCs was evaluated by measuring the filterability through a nickel mesh filter. The activities of protein kinase A and protein kinase C in RBCs were measured by the ELISA method using an antibody for the phosphorylated substrate of the kinases. Ethanol exhibited a biphasic effect on the mechanically impaired filterability of human RBCs, that is, an improvement at concentrations from 0.02% to 0.2% (v/v) and a marked deterioration at 0.5% and higher. Without mechanical stress, ethanol decreased filterability at concentrations of 0.5% and higher. Ethanol increased the protein kinase A and protein kinase C activities of the mechanically stressed RBCs at concentrations of 0.02% and higher and those of the RBCs without mechanical stress at concentrations of 0.05% and higher. The present results suggest a beneficial effect of ethanol on blood rheology at concentrations that are physiologically achievable in the blood and indicate the importance of intracellular signaling pathways in regulating the deformability of RBCs.

Endothelin-1 improves the impaired filterability of red blood cells through the activation of protein kinase C.

We previously showed that the deformability of human red blood cells (RBCs) is affected by intracellular signaling pathways by examining the effects of Ca2+ influx and the intracellular cAMP level on mechanically-impaired RBC filterability. In the present study, we investigated whether protein kinase C (PKC) participates in the regulation of RBC deformability by affecting membrane properties. The filterability of mechanically-stressed RBCs showed a V-shaped curve depending on the extracellular Ca2+ concentration; the maximum decrease was achieved at 20-40 microM. The PKC activity, as measured in the membrane-rich fraction by an ELISA method using an antibody for the phosphorylated PKC substrate, maximally increased at the extracellular Ca2+ concentration where the filterability showed a marked improvement following the bottom of the V-shaped curve of the impaired filterability. At this Ca2+ concentration, the PKC activator endothelin-1 increased the PKC activity, and a PKC inhibitor (calphostin C) decreased it. Endothelin-1 improved and calphostin C worsened the impaired filterability. A specific type-B endothelin receptor agonist (IRL 1620) also improved the impaired filterability. A Western blot analysis revealed the presence of endothelin receptors in the RBC membrane. These results indicate that PKC improves the impaired filterability and that RBCs are the target of endothelin-1.

Reduced number of circulating monocytes after institution of insulin therapy--relevance for development of atherosclerosis in diabetics?

Twelve patients with Type II diabetes mellitus, insufficiently controlled with oral hypoglycemic agents, were studied before, after 2 months, and after 4 months on insulin therapy. For comparison the same variables were also studied in 10 healthy subjects. From the start, in the diabetic group, the authors found alterations in the hemorheologic parameters indicated by increased values for whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, red cell transit time (RCTT), and decreased values for white cell initial relative filtration rate (IrFR). In hematologic parameters they found increased values for mean corpuscular volume (MCV), leukocyte count, counts of neutrophils and monocytes, and a decreased count of lymphocytes. They also found increased values in the lipid parameters P-triglycerides and Apo B/Apo A-I ratio, risk factors of coronary atherosclerosis. After 4 months of insulin treatment whole blood and plasma viscosity were still increased, but there was a partial improvement of lipoprotein abnormalities. Red and white cell filterability, however, tended to normalize. These results indicate that changes in blood cell filterability do not necessarily influence in vitro measurements of blood viscosity. The change in RCTT during the insulin treatment was associated with a decreased MCV and the change in white cell IrFR with a decrease in the number of monocytes. This change of white cell filterability during insulin therapy, probably due to a reduced number of monocytes, may be of interest in the study of atherosclerosis and circulatory disease in diabetics.

Regulation of red blood cell filterability by Ca2+ influx and cAMP-mediated signaling pathways.

To investigate the mechanism of the regulation of human red blood cell deformability, we examined the deformability under mechanical stress. Washed human red blood cells were rapidly injected through a fine needle, and their filterability was measured using a nickel mesh filter. The decrease in filterability showed a V-shaped curve depending on the extracellular Ca2+ concentration; the maximum decrease was achieved at approximately 50 muM. The decreased filterability was accompanied by no change in cell morphology and cell volume, indicating that the decrease in filterability can be ascribed to alterations of the membrane properties. Ca2+ entry blockers (nifedipine and felodipine) inhibited the impairment of filterability under mechanical stress. Prostaglandins E1 and E2, epinephrine, and pentoxifylline, which are thought to modulate the intracellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) level of red blood cells, improved or worsened the impaired filterability according to their expected actions on the cAMP level of the cells. These results strongly suggest that the membrane properties regulating red blood cell deformability are affected by the signal transduction system, including Ca(2+)-dependent and cAMP-mediated signaling pathways.