Participation In Recreational Activities Research Articles

Being “outdoors” in a new country: associations between immigrant characteristics, outdoor recreation activities, and settlement satisfaction in Canada

ABSTRACT Many immigrants in Canada experience rapid mental health deterioration as they integrate into their host country. Participation in outdoor recreation, and natural environments at large, have been suggested as a health-promoting activity that facilitates immigrants’ adaptation, fostering mental health and wellbeing. We used cross-sectional data from the Canadian General Social Survey 2016 (n = 15,876) to explore the associations between immigrant characteristics (i.e. status, length of settlement, and migration programme), participation in outdoor recreation activities, and settlement satisfaction (operationalised as satisfaction with life in Canada and with the local environment). Our findings suggest that immigrants engage in significantly fewer outdoor activities, and settlement satisfaction varies according to the length of settlement and immigration programmes (i.e. refugees, family reunification and economic immigrants). Participation in outdoor recreation activities was associated with significantly higher levels of settlement satisfaction. Participation in a broader range of outdoor activities moderated the association between immigrant characteristics and satisfaction with the local environment. Our findings have implications for recreation professionals and settlement agencies.

The Inequality of Pain Control in Patients With Pain From Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report

Approximately 100,000 people in the United States are affected by Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Acute pain and chronic pain are common and are experienced by everyone with SCD. Children and adolescents who had pain from SCD reported daily pain, decreased function, missed school/workdays, and limited participation in recreational and social activities. This case report aims to highlight the lack of diversity, equity, and inclusion of pain control through the lens of a patient with SCD to improve clinical practice.

Abstract TP85: Neighborhood Built Environment May Not Influence Reintegration to Normal Living Post-Stroke

Introduction: Reintegration to normal living post-stroke is important to foster peer support and recovery. Reintegration may be facilitated through neighborhood resources and out-of-home facilities. Methods: The Discharge Educational Strategies for Reduction of Vascular Events (DESERVE) intervention randomized stroke survivors to skills-based intervention or usual care with the goal of improving post-stroke blood pressure. Three domains of reintegration to normal living (RINL) through daily functioning (community mobility, recreational, and social activity participation) at 12-months post-stroke were evaluated. Participants’ addresses were linked to census tract area density of community resources from the National Neighborhood Data Archive. Recreational, arts, entertainment, religious, social and civil, and personal care resources were assessed in separate linear regression models for related RINL domains first unadjusted and then adjusting for age, race-ethnicity, gender, education, insurance status, number of identified alters, intervention status, and stroke severity. Loss-to-follow-up was accounted for using inverse probability weights. Results: Of the 546 DESERVE participants, 342 responded to 12-month RINL elements. Respondents were 64.9 years on average (SD=12.1) with a median NIHSS of 2.0 (IQR=4.0). The median level of RINL for each domain was the maximum (10). Comparing high to low, resource densities were not associated with any of the RINL domains in unadjusted or adjusted models ( Figure ). Conclusion: In our novel exploration of neighborhood resources and RINL, the density of these built environment resources did not seem to influence individuals’ reintegration to normal living 12-months post-stroke. However, the metric of reintegration had a ceiling effect; future evaluations may need to consider different tools to better identify more sensitive metrics of reintegration post-stroke.

Mā te Whakarongo-a qualitative study exploring the impact of middle ear disease on New Zealand Māori.

The study aimed to explore the impact of middle ear disease on the lives of New Zealand Māori. Ear disease is common, yet there is a paucity of research into the effect it has on people's lives, particularly indigenous populations. The study used Kaupapa Māori-based qualitative methodology and involved a series of seven semi-structured interviews with Māori adults living with middle ear disease. All participants felt there were delays in recognition and treatment of their ear condition and that there were barriers to accessing healthcare. The ear condition prevented participation in cultural and recreational activities, particularly those involving water. The associated hearing loss affected education and employment opportunities, and together with ear discharge, resulted in social isolation and disconnection from Te Ao Māori (the Māori world). Overall, the condition impacted negatively on mental and spiritual wellbeing. Participants felt that funding for hearing aids, earlier recognition and treatment of the condition and healthcare staff with a better understanding of Te Ao Māori could reduce the morbidity associated with middle ear disease. The study demonstrates that living with middle ear disease presents many challenges and disadvantages for Māori and the importance of early detection and referral to specialist care.

Understanding the relationship of academic motivation and social support in graduate nursing education in Egypt.

Obtaining a postgraduate nursing education in Egypt requires substantial resources, including a robust academic drive and supportive relationships. These resources help students overcome challenges and navigate their educational journey. This study examines the relationship between academic motivation and social support among nursing graduate students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two nursing colleges in Egypt, involving 410 randomly selected graduate students. The Academic Motivation Scale-College Version (AMS-C 28) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used. Findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between academic motivation and perceived social support (r = 0.515, p < 0.001). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that 12.9% (Adjusted R² = 0.129) of the variance in academic motivation could be explained by perceived social support and level of education. This study pinpointed intrinsic motivation as the primary impetus for graduate nursing students. Robust social support and active participation in social and recreational activities were also significant motivators. Nursing education programs can enhance intrinsic motivation by integrating authentic learning experiences, providing empowering mentorship, offering condensed doctoral programs, and ensuring substantial peer support. The exploration of the role of novelty in graduate nursing education, facilitated by innovative teaching methods such as collaborative virtual reality simulations, gamification, and team-based research projects, can be advantageous. Building robust social networks is vital for establishing a supportive and motivating learning environment for nursing graduates in Egypt.

The effects of zinc sulfate mineral supplementation on Achilles tendon healing in rats.

The Achilles tendon is the most commonly injured and ruptured tendon in the body and typically occurs during participation in sports or recreational activities in men between 30 and 50 years of age. Treatment options for Achilles tendon rupture include conservative and surgical approaches. Conservative treatment is associated with a higher risk of rerupture, while surgical treatment carries a risk of wound site complications. Generally, both methods result in a prolonged tendon healing time. Studies are ongoing to identify biomolecules that aid tendon repair. The main objective of our study is to investigate the effects of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) mineral supplementation on Achilles tendon healing in rats. Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups (C-15, C-30, ZnSO4-15, and ZnSO4-30) after standard Achilles tendon repair surgery. The ZnSO4-15 and ZnSO4-30 groups received an oral zinc sulfate monohydrate solution (50 mg/kg/day) for 15 and 30 days, respectively. The C-15 and C-30 groups were given 1 mL of distilled water per day orally during the experimental periods. Rats were sacrificed on the 15th and 30th day depending on their groups, and the healing of the operated tendons was evaluated using Movin and Bonar histopathologic scoring. For biomechanical analyses, the operated and intact Achilles tendons of all groups were removed, and tensile tests were performed to determine the tensile strength and toughness values for each tendon. Movin and Bonar scores were significantly lower in the ZnSO4-15 group than in the C-15 group and in the ZnSO4-30 group than in the C-30 group (p<0.05). Although we did not find the biomechanical results statistically significant, the intact tendons of the ZnSO4-15 group exhibited higher toughness than those of the C-15 group, and the tensile strength and toughness values of the operated and intact tendons of the ZnSO4-30 group were also higher than those of the C-30 group. Zinc sulfate monohydrate mineral supplementation had histopathologically positive effects on the proliferation and remodeling stages of Achilles tendon healing and may biomechanically benefit both operated and intact tendons.

Quality of life and health in older adults: a bibliographic review

Introduction: population aging is a tangible social reality in the world today and requires greater commitment and the search for alternatives to improve the quality of life of older adults.Objective: to argue the importance of guaranteeing and improving the quality of life of older adults.Methods: a bibliographic review was conducted based on a search in the Redalyc, PubMed and Scopus databases. The search criteria used were: older adult; aging; chronic diseases; disabilities; opportunities. The following inclusion criteria were considered for the selection of articles: original articles, short communications, review articles and systematic reviews, published in English or Spanish, in the period 2016-2023 and that were available in full text. Some articles from previous years were also selected, because due to their importance they were considered within the review.Development: as life expectancy increases, so do the rates of frailty and the prevalence of chronic diseases, aspects that accompany the last stretch of life. Disability caused by a deteriorating state of health is the main cause of dependency situations experienced by the elderly. The worsening of the physiological conditions of the organism, which is typical of the aging process, senescence and the appearance of new pathologies, make it necessary to provide assistance to compensate for the loss of functionality and to allow the person to maintain an acceptable level of quality of life.Conclusions: It is vital to create more opportunities for participation in recreational and cultural activities, as well as to implement programs aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles, including physical activity adapted to their specific nutritional needs and abilities

Examination Of The Ability Of Boys in The Last Childhood To Say No According To Their Participation in Recreational Activities

Being able to say no is a very important coping skill for the last childhood period, as it is for every period of life. Participating in recreational activities improves children's ability to say no and increases their sense of curiosity. In this study, the ability of saying no to children who participated in recreational football activities in their last childhood and those who did not participate in any recreational activity was compared. The study group of the research consists of 211 boys in the last childhood period, 105 of whom participated in recreational activities between the ages of 9-11 in Ankara and 106 of whom did not participate in any recreational activities. In the study, Yılmaz and Sözer's (2018) Ability to Say No Scale and Personal Information Form were used. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data. There was no significant difference between children who participated in recreational fuubol activities and those who did not. In further analysis, it was determined that the children of university graduate fathers had higher ability to say no than the children of high school graduate fathers. Ability to Say No, Late Childhood, Football

Investigation of the Relationship Between High School Students' Level of Participation in Recreation Activities and Their Time Management

This study aimed to examine the relationship between recreation participation levels and time management of high school students studying in different high schools. In the study, the relational screening model was used as part of the survey model. The data collection tool of the study consisted of three parts: personal information form, "Recreation Participation Scale" developed by Procidano and Heller (1983) and adapted into Turkish by Sevil (2015) and "Time Management Scale" developed by Britton and Tesser (1991) and translated into Turkish by Alay and Koçak (2002). The study group consisted of students of Incirliova Sports High School, Nazilli Science High School, Bozdoğan İsmet Sezgin Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School and Bozdoğan Anatolian High School in Aydın province in the 2022-2023 academic. Statistically, frequency analysis, reliability coefficient calculations, Pearson correlation analysis and Manova analysis were performed. The analyses were performed by adhering to a 95% confidence interval. A statistically significant difference was detected between the participants' recreational activity and gender, grade and doing sport variables, the cognitive activity sub-dimension and gender variable, the mean score of recreation participation and doing sport variable, and the time management of the participants and gender, high school type, income and doing sport variables (p&amp;lt;0.05). As a result, high school students have moderate levels of participation in recreational activities and time management. Participation of the high school students in recreational activities also decreased as their time management levels increased.

“You don't put it down to arthritis”: A qualitative study of the first symptoms recalled by individuals with knee osteoarthritis

ObjectiveAs part of the first phase of the OARSI Early-stage Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis (EsSKOA) initiative, we explored the first symptoms and experiences recalled by individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). DesignThis qualitative study, informed by qualitative description, was a secondary analysis of focus groups (n ​= ​17 groups) and one-on-one interviews (n ​= ​3) conducted in 91 individuals living with knee OA as part of an international study to better understand the OA pain experience. In each focus group or interview, participants were asked to describe their first symptoms of knee OA. We inductively coded these transcripts and conducted thematic analysis. ResultsMean age of participants was 70 years (range 47–92) and 68 ​% were female. We developed four overarching themes: Insidious and Episodic Onset, Diverse Early Symptoms, Must be Something Else, and Adjustments. Participants described the gradual and intermittent way in which symptoms of knee OA developed over many years; many could not identify a specific starting point. Participants described diverse initial knee symptoms, including activity-exacerbated joint pain, stiffness and crepitus. Most participants dismissed early symptoms or rationalized their presence, employing various strategies to enable continued participation in recreational and daily activities. Few sought medical attention until physical functioning was demonstrably impacted. ConclusionsThe earliest symptoms of knee OA are frequently insidious in onset, episodic and present long before individuals present to health professionals. These results highlight challenges to identifying people with knee OA early and support the development of specific classification criteria for EsSKOA to capture individuals at an early stage.

Neighborhood greenness and participation in specific types of recreational physical activities in the Sister Study

BackgroundUrban green spaces have been consistently shown to have important human health benefits across a range of outcomes. These benefits are thought to be achieved, in part, because urban greenness provides opportunities for participation in recreational activity. However, the findings from studies that have assessed links between exposure to greenness and physical activity have been mixed. To date, few studies have examined association between greenness and specific types of recreational physical activities. ObjectiveWe evaluated associations between measures of greenness and specific types of recreational physical activities. Moreover, we explored the extent to which these associations were modified by socioeconomic conditions, and regionally. MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from 49,649 women in the Sister Study and assigned three residentially-based measures of greenness based on national land cover data at buffer distances of 250 m and 500 m. Data on participation in up to ten specific recreational physical activities, including time spent in each activity were collected. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) controlling for confounders. ResultsCompared to those in the lowest tertile of greenness, participants in the upper tertile of greenness within a 500 m buffer, were more likely to garden (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.25,1.69), participate in sports (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.19,1.38), run (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.04,1.27), walk (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.06,1.16), and engage in conditioning exercises (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.05,1.16) at least once a week for at least one month over the past year. These associations were modified by household income and US region. DiscussionOur findings suggest a beneficial effect of greenness on physical activity and provide additional information to inform planning of green environments that contribute to better health and wellbeing.

‘That’s not how you do it’: Moralising the migrant in the Norwegian outdoors

Participation in outdoor recreational activities is encouraged as a successful method for refugees to learn Norwegian language and culture, based on an assumption that this facilitates social inclusion into Norwegian society. Whilst diversity and engagement in the outdoors is highly valued and strongly encouraged, much because of their social and health benefits, there is also much to suggest that the Norwegian outdoors works to include some more than others. The outdoors is, hence, not a neutral space for everybody to access and enjoy. This article engages with organisers of outdoor recreational activities, or friluftsliv, for refugees through an investigation of how and why organisers are ‘engineering’ the refugees’ behaviours so as to fit established normativities and ideologies inherent in the outdoors. By drawing on conceptualisations of moral geographies and the ‘moralisation of citizenship’, the article identifies three categories of normativities which serve as a basis for a discussion of how the moral ordering of bodies contributes to a citizen-making project, aiming to create certain types of ideal outdoor citizens. The article also contributes to discussions of whether and how moralisation of citizenship can create a moral order that places newcomers as outsiders, fuelling already-existing challenges regarding inclusion and exclusion of refugees in Norwegian society.

Participation and Reasons for Non-participation in Sport and Recreational Activities Before and After the Outbreak of COVID-19: Analysis of Data From the 2016 and 2021 Poland National Sports Participation Survey

Abstract The ongoing study of factors that hinder physical activity (PA) supports the adaptation of intervention strategies to changing conditions and the creation of a more conducive environment for active lifestyles. The aim of the study was to analyze the barriers to Polish participation in sports and recreational activities (SRA) before and after the pandemic. Face-to-face interviews were conducted twice with a representative sample of Poles (in 2016 N=12183 household members, in 2021 N=8351). Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted using frequency and relative frequency (%). A Chi-square test of independence was used to analyze relationships between perceived barriers of non-participation in sports or physical recreation in 2016 and 2021 and the gender and age of respondents. In 2021, 38.8% (36.7% of women and 41.0% of men) declared participation in SRA (regularly or occasionally), with a 7.6 % point decrease in the number of those active compared to 2016. 20.6% of respondents participated in sports and recreation regularly in 2021. Compared to 2016, (21.7%) the difference was not statistically significant. Men declared regular participation more often than women (23.1% vs. 18.1% – 2021). Four main barriers were identified: (1) lack of free time – especially among 30 to 39-year-olds, 40 to 49-year-olds and men; (2) lack of interest, willingness or preference for passive leisure activities – especially among 15 to 19-year-olds; (3) having a medical condition and doctor’s contraindications – among 50 to 59-year-olds and 60 and older; and (4) age – especially among 60-year-olds. These barriers have not been overcome over time, and persisted or even gained in importance during the COVID-19 pandemic in addition to medical condition and doctor’s contraindications. We therefore turn our attention to eliminating these barriers, taking into account their importance in specific populations. It is essential to motivate people to overcome internal barriers through social support, health care, and government actions.

Self-reported mid- to late-life physical and recreational activities: Associations with late-life cognition.

Physical and recreational activities are behaviors that may modify risk of late-life cognitive decline. We sought to examine the role of retrospectively self-reported midlife (age 40) physical and recreational activity engagement - and self-reported change in these activities from age 40 to initial study visit - in predicting late-life cognition. Data were obtained from 898 participants in a longitudinal study of cognitive aging in demographically and cognitively diverse older adults (Age: range = 49-93 years, M = 75, SD = 7.19). Self-reported physical and recreational activity participation at age 40 and at the initial study visit were quantified using the Life Experiences Assessment Form. Change in activities was modeled using latent change scores. Cognitive outcomes were obtained annually (range = 2-17 years) using the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales, which measure verbal episodic memory, semantic memory, visuospatial processing, and executive functioning. Physical activity engagement at age 40 was strongly associated with cognitive performance in all four domains at the initial visit and with global cognitive slope. However, change in physical activities after age 40 was not associated with cognitive outcomes. In contrast, recreational activity engagement - both at age 40 and change after 40 - was predictive of cognitive intercepts and slope. Retrospectively self-reported midlife physical and recreational activity engagement were strongly associated with late-life cognition - both level of performance and rate of future decline. However, the data suggest that maintenance of recreational activity engagement (e.g., writing, taking classes, reading) after age 40 is more strongly associated with late-life cognition than continued maintenance of physical activity levels.

The Relationship between Leisure Time Participation, Automatic Thought and Life Satisfaction in Pre-Service Teachers

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine pre-service teachers' leisure time participation, automatic thought and life satisfaction levels according to some variables and to determine the relationship between them. A sample of 862 (468 female, 394 male) pre-service teachers studying a state university provided responses. In the study, 'Life Satisfaction Scale' (LSS) and 'Revised Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ-R)' were administered on the participants. Descriptive statistical methods, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analyses were used in the data analysis. Pre-service teachers' automatic thought perceptions were at low level, while life satisfaction perceptions were at middle level. The scores of the LSS and ATQ-R did not differ significantly according to gender, department and grade level. While the scores of ATQ-R did not differ significantly according to income and leisure time evaluation, the scores of LSS differed significantly. On the other hand, the scores of both LSS and the ATQ-R differed significantly according to the frequency of participation in recreational activities. And also, there was a negative and moderate correlation between pre-service teachers’ life satisfaction and automatic thought perceptions. Results showed that the life satisfaction and automatic thought perceptions of male and female students did not change. It was determined that the participants' life satisfaction and automatic thought perceptions did not differ according to department and grade level. In addition, participants with high income and pre-service teachers who stated that they participate in social, cultural and artistic activities in leisure time had higher life satisfaction. As participation recreational activities in leisure time increased, the life satisfaction perception increased, and the perception of automatic thought decreased. In addition, as the participants' life satisfaction perceptions increased, their automatic thought perceptions also decreased.Keywords: Automatic Thought Perception, Leisure Time, Life Satisfaction, Pre-Service Teacher

Paper 69: Do Patients Participate in Sports or Recreational Activity After Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation of the Talus?

Objectives: Fresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation has been reported as a viable treatment option for chondral lesions of the talus, but there is insufficient data regarding patients’ participation in sports or recreational activity following the procedure. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of patients who participated in sports or recreational activity following OCA of the talus. Methods: We identified 36 ankles in 34 patients (70% well trained or highly competitive athletes) who underwent OCA transplantation of the talus. Mean age was 36 years and 50% were male. Postoperatively, participation in sport or recreational activity, foot and ankle ability measure (FAAM) scores, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scores, and patient satisfaction with the results of surgery were assessed. Further surgery on the ankle was captured, and OCA failure was defined as any operation that involved removal of the allograft. Results: At a mean follow up of 8.6 years, 67% of patients reported that they had participated in sports or recreational activity after the OCA transplantation. Among those who participated in sport or recreation, 68% returned to their pre-injury sport, 21% played in competitive sports, and 95% participated in regular exercise. Following the OCA transplantation, 17% of ankles required further surgery and 11% were classified as OCA failures (underwent revision OCA transplantation or fusion). There was significant improvement in FAAM and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores, and 79% of patients were either satisfied or extremely satisfied with the results of surgery. Survivorship of the OCA transplantation was 94% at five years and 85% at ten years. Conclusions: Fresh OCA transplantation is a reasonable surgical option for osteochondral defects of the talus for young, active patients who have failed non-operative management. Most patients participate in sports or recreational activity following OCA transplantation of the talus.

Poster 339: Long-Term Outcomes of Multiligament Knee Injuries in American Football Players from a Single Institution

Objectives: Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) can be devastating to an athlete’s career but can also negatively affect participation in recreational activities and daily tasks. A subset of athletes at significant risk of MLKIs are American football players. MLKIs with an associated anterior cruciate ligament tear (ACL-MLKI) are almost always surgically treated to restore stability to the athlete’s knee and to preserve knee-related function and joint health later in life. However, currently, there is a paucity of mid- and long-term outcomes data related to MLKIs and their surgical management. The objective of this study was to investigate &gt;2-year outcomes in American football players who had reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) alongside any combination of additional knee ligament tears treated with repair or reconstructive surgery, constituting an ACL-MLKI, at a single institution. We hypothesized that greater than half of American football players who underwent surgical management for an ACL- MLKI would meet the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee form Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State (IKDC-PASS) cutoff, would be able to return to their pre-injury level of sport, and would be satisfied with their surgical treatment outcome. Methods: We utilized a single institution’s prospectively collected data repository to retrospectively- identify patients from 2001-2019 who were American football players, underwent surgical management for an ACL-MLKI, and were at least 2 years post-operative. We included patients with ACL reconstruction plus any additional combination of repair or reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament, medial or lateral collateral ligaments, or posterolateral corner. We excluded those with advanced osteoarthritis at the time of injury or morbid obesity. Follow-up for assessing patient-reported outcomes was performed using a web-based platform or via phone calls using 3 questionnaires: the IKDC, an institutionally developed surgical satisfaction questionnaire, and an institutionally-developed return-to-sport questionnaire. We calculated the proportions of patients meeting a previously published IKDC-PASS cutoff specific to isolated ACL reconstruction (IKDC³75.9) and calculated summary statistics for all outcomes data. As secondary analyses, we compared IKDC scores between 2-ligament and &gt;2-ligament groups using independent t-tests and evaluated the association between age at surgery and IKDC scores using linear regression (alpha&lt;0.05). Results: Outcomes data were successfully collected for 50 of 72 eligible patients (69%; mean follow-up time=7.9±4.0 years; Table 2). Of the 72 eligible patients, 55 (76%) had 2 ligaments surgically-treated, 16 (22%) had 3 ligaments surgically-treated, and 1 (2%) had 4 ligaments surgically-treated (Table 1). Among those with outcomes data (n=50), the mean IKDC score was 83.7, with 78% meeting the IKDC-PASS cutoff (Table 2). Only 7 patients (14%) did not return to sports participation due to limitations from their ACL-MLKI surgery, and 94% were either satisfied or very satisfied with their surgical outcome (Table 2). The 2-ligament and &gt;2-ligament groups did not differ in IKDC scores at follow-up (2-ligament: 84.0±15.4; &gt;2-ligament: 82.9±16.5; p=0.83). Age at surgery was not associated with IKDC score at follow-up (p=0.64). Conclusions: This study represents the largest cohort of American football players evaluated for mid- to long-term outcomes following ACL-MLKI surgery at a single institution. A high proportion of these athletes met the IKDC-PASS, successfully returned to sport, and were satisfied with their ACL-MLKI surgical treatment. [Table: see text][Table: see text]

The effects of climate change on outdoor recreation participation in the United States: Projections for the 21st century.

Climate change is expected to impact individuals' recreational choices, as changing temperatures and precipitation patterns influence participation in outdoor recreation and alternative activities. This paper empirically investigates the relationship between weather and outdoor recreation using nationally representative data from the contiguous United States. We find that across most outdoor recreational activities, participation is lowest on the coldest days (<35 degrees Fahrenheit) and highest at moderately high temperatures (80 to 90 degrees). Notable exceptions to this trend include water sports and snow and ice sports, for which participation peaks at the highest and lowest temperatures, respectively. If individuals continue to respond to temperature changes the same way that they have in the recent past, in a future climate that has fewer cool days and more moderate and hot days, our model anticipates net participation across all outdoor recreation activities will increase by 88 million trips annually at 1 degree Celsius of warming (CONUS) and up to 401 million trips at 6 degrees of warming, valued between $3.2 billion and $15.6 billion in consumer surplus annually (2010 population). The increase in trips is driven by participation in water sports; excluding water sports from future projections decreases the consumer surplus gains by approximately 75 percent across all modeled degrees of warming. If individuals in northern regions respond to temperature like people in southern regions currently do (a proxy for adaptation), total outdoor recreation trips will increase by an additional 17 percent compared to no adaptation at 6 degrees of warming. This benefit is generally not seen at lower degrees of warming.

Halkın Rekreasyonel Faaliyetlere Katılımını Engelleyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Muğla İli Örneği

Bu araştırmanın amacı Muğla Menteşe’de yaşayan bireylerin rekreasyonel faaliyetlere katılımını engelleyen faktörlerin incelenmesidir. Araştırma betimsel ve ilişkisel tarama modeli olarak tasarlanmış olup anket tekniğinin kullanıldığı nicel bir araştırmadır. Anket formu iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve ikinci bölümde “Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği” yer almaktadır. Anketin ilk bölümünde araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyo-demografik yapıyı belirleyici sorular yer alırken, ikinci bölümünde ise Alexandris ve Carroll (1997) tarafından geliştirilmiş, Karaküçük ve Gürbüz (2006) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan ve Gürbüz ve ark. (2020) tarafından kısa formunun yapı geçerliliği test edilen “Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin frekansı alındıktan sonra güvenirlik ve normallik analizi yapılmıştır. Buna göre araştırma verilerinin güvenilir ve +1 ile -1 aralığında normal dağılım gösterdiği görülmüştür. Bu nedenle araştırma verilerine parametrik testler uygulanmıştır. Bulgularına göre araştırmaya katılan bireylerin cinsiyetleri, medeni durumları ve çocuk durumları ile BZEÖ alt boyutları olan bilgi eksikliği, tesis, zaman ve ilgi eksikliğinde anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Diğer yandan araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaşları, günlük serbest zaman durumları ve egzersiz durumları ile BZEÖ arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, bireylerin günlük serbest zamanları azaldıkça rekreatif aktivitelere katılım engelleri artmaktadır.

REKREASYONEL AKTİVİTELERE KATILIM İLE ÖZNEL İYİ OLUŞ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: AKADEMİSYENLER ÜZERİNDE BİR UYGULAMA

In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the participation levels of academicians in recreational activities and their subjective well-being. A questionnaire was used as a data collection technique in the study and applied to a total of 393 academicians from Harran University, Afyon Kocatepe University and Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. In the analysis of the obtained data, in addition to descriptive statistics, t test, analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used. According to the results of the research, singles, young people and research assistants participate in recreational activities at a higher level. However, the subjective well-being levels of women, young people, research assistants and those with low seniority were found to be higher. In the study, a positive, moderate and significant relationship (r=0.402) was found between the levels of participation in recreational activities in general and general subjective well-being. On the other hand, it was determined that the subjective well-being dimensions most affected by recreational activities were "friend relationships" (r=0.498), "activities of interest" (r=0.455) and "family relationships" (r=0.443), respectively. In addition, it was found that the recreational activities that most affected subjective well-being were "cultural activities" (r=0.471).