The presentation will focus on electronic phase transition mechanisms in quantum materials such as correlated perovskite semiconductors that can be used to emulate the characteristics of neurons and synapses in the brain and serve as building blocks for AI hardware as well as sensory interfaces for robotics. We will then discuss how features of intelligence noted in slime molds, insects, birds and mammals can be implemented in electronic devices and circuits for learning and decision-making. The fundamental science enabling such remarkable properties center around understanding ionic-electronic transport and electroneutrality which will form the main theme of the presentation. Strategies for lifelong learning with reconfigurable device platforms will be highlighted. Mouse brain – perovskite interfaces as an example of neural links will then be presented in brief. Approaches towards making sustainable AI hardware will be considered from perspective of materials and physical intelligence.