Recommendations For Health Professionals Research Articles

Navigating the AI Wave: Overcoming Barriers and Unleashing the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Transforming European Public Health

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) is not just a future promise but an urgent necessity for modern public health. By providing invaluable insights into disease patterns, therapeutic interventions, and overall public health management, AI has the potential to revolutionise healthcare. To tackle essential public health functions effectively, harnessing AI must become a top priority. However, there is an urgent need for a cohesive strategy across Europe. Currently, varying readiness levels among European nations regarding AI adoption in health result in uneven progress across the continent. This disparity must be addressed to ensure all countries benefit equally from AI advancements. Recognising this, the World Health Organization European Regional Office launched a regional report on digital health in 2023. The report evaluated the integration of big data and advanced analytics, including AI, in health systems. Findings revealed that while 60% of Member States have a national data strategy, only 35% have a policy regulating big data and AI in health, and 38% lack both. This highlights a critical gap that must be filled urgently. Our upcoming session will address these challenges head-on. Organised to provide visionary insights, practical applications, and a landscape view of artificial intelligence in public health, the presentations will be followed by a roundtable discussion in which panellists will delve into practical challenges surrounding AI adoption. They will reflect on the profound impact AI could have on the future of European health systems and offer pragmatic and responsible steps forward, culminating in achievable recommendations for public health professionals. To enhance the session, we will utilise existing Generative AI tools to provide a real-time summary of the plenary and reinforce the call to action in alignment with panellists’ recommendations. This approach ensures that the session discusses the urgent need for AI in public health and actively demonstrates its practical applications. Moderators Natasha Azzopardi Muscat Director, Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, WHO Regional Office for Europe Dimitra Panteli Programme Manager/Senior Health Systems Analyst, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Facilitator Stefan Buttigieg Vice-President, EUPHA Digital health section Speakers/Panellists Martin McKee Professor of European Public Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK Katharina Ladewig Director, Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Public Health Research, Robert Koch Institute, Germany Marco Marsella Director Digital, EU4Health and Health systems modernisation, Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE), European Commission Keyrellous Adib Technical Officer Data Science and Digital Health, WHO Regional Office for Europe

2024 Latin American Society of Hypertension guidelines on the management of arterial hypertension and related comorbidities in Latin America.

Hypertension is responsible for more than two million deaths due to cardiovascular disease annually in Latin America (LATAM), of which one million occurs before 70 years of age. Hypertension is the main risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting between 20 and 40% of LATAM adults. Since the publication of the 2017 LASH hypertension guidelines, reports from different LATAM countries have confirmed the burden of hypertension on cardiovascular disease events and mortality in the region. Many studies in the region have reported and emphasized the dramatically insufficient blood pressure control. The extremely low rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, particularly in patients with metabolic disorders, is a recognized severe problem in LATAM. Earlier implementation of antihypertensive interventions and management of all cardiovascular risk factors is the recognized best strategy to improve the natural history of cardiovascular disease in LATAM. The 2024 LASH guidelines have been developed by a large group of experts from internal medicine, cardiology, nephrology, endocrinology, general medicine, geriatrics, pharmacology, and epidemiology of different countries of LATAM and Europe. A careful search for novel studies on hypertension and related diseases in LATAM, together with the new evidence that emerged since the 2017 LASH guidelines, support all statements and recommendations. This update aims to provide clear, concise, accessible, and useful recommendations for health professionals to improve awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk factors in the region.

Associations of sugar-related food parenting practices and parental feeding styles with prospective dietary behavior of children and adolescents: a systematic review of the literature from 2017 to 2023.

High consumption of sugar-rich foods and beverages has been associated with increased overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Dietary behavior is influenced by learned mechanisms that originate in childhood and is associated with food parenting practices (FPP) and parental feeding styles (PFS). This systematic review aimed to narratively synthesize FPP and PFS concerning sugar-rich foods and beverages and their associations with the prospective dietary behavior of children and adolescents to derive evidence-based recommendations for health professionals and parents to promote healthy behaviors. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science databases covering the publication years 2017-2023. The results were narratively synthesized, and exposure-outcome matrices were used for visual representation. The review included 15 peer-reviewed studies from different geographical regions that investigated FPP or PFS regarding the handling of sugar-rich foods and beverages in children's diets and reported the associations with the prospective dietary behavior of children and adolescents. The findings indicate that highly controlling parental practices were associated with the development of unhealthy eating behaviors and preferences for sugar-rich foods and beverages over time. Conversely, parental practices that emphasized structure and balance in dietary choices yielded more positive long-term outcomes, associated with reduced preferences for sugar-rich foods and drinks. The results underscore the significance of fostering a healthy home environment and active parental role modeling in promoting healthier dietary behaviors among children and adolescents.

Promoting a Culture of Care for College Students with Marginalized Identities Using an Embedded Prevention Navigation Model

ABSTRACT College students are at risk for mental and physical health concerns such as depression, anxiety, substance use, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections, creating greater demands for timely and responsive services. However, students from marginalized groups often face greater challenges accessing physical and behavioral health services due to historic and systemic barriers. One unique and economical approach to helping students access care is to train peers to provide psychoeducation and timely and responsive linkages to behavioral and physical health resources and embed them in spaces where students naturally congregate. This approach has proven effective in reducing engagement in high-risk behaviors and encouraging resource utilization in community settings, but little research exists on using an embedded prevention navigator approach in college settings. The present study describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of such an approach piloted among 88 undergraduates, the majority of whom identified as students of color and first-generation college students. Findings support the feasibility of using a peer-delivered prevention navigation approach to provide students with mental health, substance use, and sexual health education and referrals to relevant resources. Lessons learned and recommendations for college mental health professionals are discussed.

REVIEWING THE INFLUENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH AND COPING STRATEGIES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

This study investigates the impact of mental health on academic performance among university students in Malaysia through a systematic literature review. By synthesizing findings from various peer-reviewed studies, the research identifies key themes, including the significant negative correlation between mental health issues (such as depression, anxiety, and stress) and academic performance. Additionally, it highlights the influence of broader societal issues, gender disparities, and the importance of socioemotional skills and well-being in academic success. The methodology involves a comprehensive search of electronic databases, stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria, and robust meta-analytic procedures to ensure unbiased and reliable analysis. The findings underscore the critical need for holistic approaches and effective mental health interventions to support students' academic success and overall well-being. This study provides valuable insights and recommendations for university administrators, policymakers, and mental health professionals, aiming to enhance support systems for Malaysian university students. Future research directions include exploring cultural differences, longitudinal effects, and the efficacy of various interventions for coping strategies.

LGBQ-affirming clinical recommendations forcompulsive sexual behavior disorder.

Since the inclusion of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in the International Classification of Diseases (11th ed.), there has been little effort placed into developing clinical recommendations for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) clients with this condition. Thus, we develop preliminary clinical recommendations for mental health professionals working with LGBQ clients who may be struggling with CSBD. The present paper synthesizes the CSBD literature with advances in LGBQ-affirming care to develop assessment and treatment recommendations. These recommendations are discussed within the context of minority stress theory, which provides an empirically supported explanation for how anti-LGBQ stigma may contribute to the development of mental health conditions in LGBQ populations. Assessment recommendations are designed to assist mental health professionals in distinguishing aspects of an LGBQ client's sociocultural context from CSBD symptomology, given recent concerns that these constructs may be wrongly conflated and result in misdiagnosis. The treatment recommendations consist of broadly applicable, evidence-based principles that can be leveraged by mental health professionals of various theoretical orientations to provide LGBQ-affirming treatment for CSBD. The present article provides theoretically and empirically supported recommendations for mental health professionals who want to provide LGBQ-affirming care for CSBD. Given the preliminary nature of these recommendations, future research is needed to investigate their clinical applicability and efficacy.

Recommendations of Health Care Professionals on the Issue of Breastfeeding in BRCA Carriers.

Purpose: Breastfeeding is associated with numerous short- and long-term neonatal and maternal health benefits. Specifically, in BRCA1/2 female carriers, breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the considerably increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer. Nevertheless, there is paucity of data referring to the recommended postpartum surveillance of BRCA1/2 carriers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the recommendations of health professionals regarding breastfeeding in BRCA carriers. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire distributed through the "Good BRCA Genes-a support and information group for BRCA carriers" association. The questionnaire included Likert scale and open-ended questions, aimed to evaluate the performance of health professionals at various aspects of the recommended follow-up. Results: Of the 388 participants, 233 (60.0%) expressed dissatisfaction with explanations provided by health professionals regarding pregnancy and breastfeeding. Women reporting dissatisfaction with explanations were younger (36.8 ± 7.0 years) compared to those satisfied with the explanations (38.8 ± 7.6 years, p = 0.0081). No significant differences were noted between women satisfied and those dissatisfied with the explanations in terms of age of genetic diagnosis, origin, religion, geographic location, and the rates of personal or familial cancer history. Of the 175 responses to an open question "please describe the reasons for unsatisfactory explanation," 76.6% stated they received no explanation on the subject, whereas 5.4% described minimal explanation or conflicting recommendations. Surprisingly, 4.7% recalled being advised to avoid, stop, or limit breastfeeding. Discussion: The results of this survey emphasize the lack of knowledge of health professionals on the issue of breastfeeding in BRCA carriers. As genetic variants in these genes involve significant proportion of the population (up to 2.5% in Ashkenazi Jewish population), raising the awareness of health care personnel to the benefits of breastfeeding in these women seems prudent.

Multidisciplinary consensus on the use of hydroxychloroquine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

BackgroundHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is the first-line treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, there is heterogeneity in its clinical use. This consensus aims to bridge the gap in SLE treatment by providing practical and valuable recommendations for health professionals. MethodsThe methodology used is based on a systematic literature review and a nominal group technique (NGT). A ten-member scientific committee formulated eight clinically relevant questions. First, a systematic review was conducted to identify the available evidence, which the scientific committee evaluated to developed recommendations based on their expertise, achieving consensus through NGT. Results1673 titles and abstracts were screened, and 43 studies were included for meeting the inclusion criteria. The scientific committee established 11 recommendations for HCQ use in initiation, maintenance, and monitoring, considering benefits and potential adverse effects of HCQ. Unanimous agreement was achieved on all recommendations. ConclusionsThe available evidence supports HCQ's effectiveness and safety for SLE. Individualized assessment of the initial HCQ dose is important, especially in situations requiring dose reduction or discontinuation. This risk–benefit assessment, specifically focusing on the balance between retinal toxicity and the risk of SLE relapse, should guide decisions regarding medication withdrawal, considering disease activity, risk factors, and HCQ potential benefits. Close monitoring is essential for optimal disease management and minimize potential risks, such as QT prolongation or retinal toxicity.

An Examination of Narcissism and Schadenfreude within the Framework of Self-Esteem, Social Comparison and Envy

This review study aims to investigate the correlation between narcissism and schadenfreude (the pleasure gained from the misfortunes of others). In this regard, literature investigating the concepts of narcissism and schadenfreude was reviewed. Despite the similarities among the terms self-esteem, envy, and social comparison in the context of both narcissism and schadenfreude, there exists a paucity of studies investigating the relationship between narcissism, including vulnerable and grandiose, and schadenfreude. This study encompasses definitions of narcissism and schadenfreude, as well as concepts of self-esteem, social comparison, and envy, which elucidate their interrelationship, alongside findings from various studies exploring the connection between narcissism and schadenfreude from multiple perspectives. This review study culminated in an examination of the relationship between narcissism and schadenfreude, discussing the findings and offering recommendations for future research and mental health professionals.

Physical activity should be the primary intervention for individuals living with chronic pain A position paper from the European Pain Federation (EFIC) 'On the Move' Task Force.

There is clear evidence demonstrating the benefits of physical activity (PA) on pain and overall health, however, PA is challenging for many individuals living with chronic pain. Even non-exercise specialists can (cost) effectively promote PA, but many health professionals report a number of barriers in providing guidance on PA, suggesting that it is not consistently promoted. This expert position paper summarizes the evidence and provides five recommendations for health professionals to assess, advise and support individuals living with any chronic pain condition with a long life expectancy in adopting and sustaining physically active lifestyles. This position paper was prepared by the 'On The Move' Task Force of the European Pain Federation EFIC. Final recommendations were endorsed by the European Pain Forum, Pain Alliance Europe and the Executive Board of EFIC. We recommend that all health professionals (1) Take a history of the persons' PA levels, and put PA on the agenda, (2) Advise that PA is important and safe for individuals living with chronic pain, (3) Deliver a brief PA intervention and support individuals living with chronic pain in becoming physically active, (4) Discuss acceptable levels of PA-related soreness and pain and (5) Provide ongoing support in staying physically active. Physical activity is safe and offers several advantages, including general health benefits, low risk of side effects, low cost and not requiring access to healthcare. Adoption of these recommendations can improve the quality of care and life of individuals living with chronic pain and reduce their overall health risks.

Botánicas Function as Health Care Safety Nets Among Hispanic American Immigrants: A Brief Report.

As the U.S. population becomes more racially/ethnically diverse, the Hispanic American immigrant population has slowly grown in recent years. In the face of anti-immigrant policies, limited access to care, fear of deportation, discrimination, stigmatization, poverty, and other stressors, Hispanic American immigrants seek services from botánicas for religious, spiritual, medical, and psychosocial health reasons, including the accessibility and affordability of services from folk practitioners in these herbal dispensaries. Hispanics are the primary consumers of herbal remedies and complementary and alternative medicines in the United States. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the critical role of botánicas in the health and wellness of Hispanic American immigrants. Recommendations for health professionals are provided in the care of Hispanic Americans who utilize folk, traditional, and herbal medicines for health and healing.

Ethno-Racial Inequities of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications and Recommendations for Mental Health Professionals

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately impacted Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities due to systemic health disparities based on race, ethnicity, and systemic inequities. Among extent literature on BIPOC mental health and COVID-19, there is a pressing need for culturally responsive, trauma-informed treatment approaches that go beyond the broader impacts of the pandemic or immediate pandemic-related concerns and address the persisting impacts of the COVID-19 on BIPOC mental health. To this end, our article aims to equip professional counselors with the necessary tools to serve BIPOC clients more effectively by (1) understanding the ethno-racial inequities of the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) assessing the intersectional dimensions of stress and trauma associated with COVID-19, and (3) employing therapeutic approaches to promote physical and mental well-being in BIPOC clients.

Attitudes and behaviors of maternal Tdap vaccination in Panama, Peru, and Colombia: An international cross-sectional study

IntroductionDespite a recommendation by PAHO for Tdap vaccination in pregnant women since 2019, uptake remains suboptimal across Latin America. This study evaluated the knowledge and attitudes of women towards maternal Tdap vaccination in Colombia, Peru, and Panama to identify the critical behavioral and social drivers of Tdap vaccine uptake during pregnancy. MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was undertaken between December 8, 2022, and January 11, 2023, targeting women in Colombia, Peru, or Panama with a child 12 months or under. We collected data on respondents’ demographics, social and behavioral determinants of vaccine acceptance, determinants of vaccine uptake (using the validated 5As taxonomy), and previous vaccination experience. ResultsIn the 938 respondents who completed the survey (Panama, n = 325; Peru, n = 305; Colombia, n = 308), 73–80 % had received the influenza vaccine, whereas only 30–39 % had received a Tdap vaccine. Significant correlates of Tdap vaccine uptake common to all three countries included a health professional recommendation, knowledge of the vaccine and location of vaccination, perceived vulnerability to pertussis infection, perceived importance of immunization, and receipt of a reminder. In specific countries, nonvaccinated women were more likely to cite issues with ease of access (Panama, Colombia), affordability (opportunity costs; Peru, Colombia), and understanding the rationale for vaccination in pregnancy (Panama, Colombia). ConclusionTo increase maternal Tdap vaccine uptake, health professionals should be encouraged to recommend vaccination consistently, and pregnant women should receive reminders explaining why and where to be vaccinated.

Enhancing Public Health Strategies: The Role of Behavioral Economics in Health Interventions and Policy

This review examines the integration of behavioral economics into public health initiatives, highlighting how this interdisciplinary approach can significantly enhance health outcomes. By applying principles like nudges, incentives, and personalized interventions, behavioral economics addresses complex health behaviors more effectively than traditional methods. The review explores various strategies, from health promotion and vaccination programs to chronic disease management, showcasing their effectiveness through recent studies and metaanalyses. It also discusses the challenges and ethical considerations involved in applying these principles, underscoring the need for careful implementation and ongoing evaluation. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations for policymakers and public health professionals to incorporate these insights more effectively into future health programs, urging continued research and application of behavioral economics to meet evolving public health challenges.

INFLUENCE OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STRESS IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND CHILDBIRTH ON THE CONDITION OF THE NEWBORN DURING MILITARY AGGRESSION

The article presents a comprehensive review of the consequences of psycho- emotional stress associated with military aggression on pregnant women, mothers in labor, and newborns.The purpose of the theoretical study is to gain a deeper understanding of these issues in order to improve the practical approach to supporting pregnant women and mothers in childbirth in cases of military aggression. The effects of shock on a pregnant woman’s hormonal balance, on the likelihood of preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental defects will be analyzed. The neuropsychological mechanisms that cause these phenomena are revealed. Special attention is given to the impact of war stress on the interaction between mother and newborn and the possible negative consequences for the newborn. The article includes an overview of protocols and programs aimed at reducing the negative eff ects of stress and presents recommendations for mothers and health professionals. This will help to develop science- based policies and programs to reduce the negative eff ects of stress and improve the quality of life of mothers and infants. In addition, the article aims to emphasize the relevance of this problem for the Ukrainian mental health care system and to draw attention to the need for further research and development of eff ective strategies to support pregnant women and newborns in the context of military confl ict.

Visioning an Effective Health Encounter: Indigenous Healthcare Experiences and Recommendations for Health Professionals.

Indigenous patients experience challenges while accessing and utilizing healthcare services that relate to worsened health experiences. Bias towards Indigenous patients is prevalent in healthcare settings and leads to poor health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to learn about the healthcare experiences, both positive and negative, of Indigenous patients and solicit subsequent recommendations to improve care delivered to this population. This study sampled Indigenous patients (n = 20) from an Indigenous-serving health clinic to discuss participants' health experiences and elicit recommendations for improved care. Four focus groups were conducted, and template analysis was employed to analyze the data. A total of 15 themes were developed under the category of an effective health encounter. Highlighted themes include healthcare that is free of stigma, quality care, respecting trauma experiences, expanded integrated care and the patient-provider relationship. Based on participant recommendations, a checklist was created for healthcare professionals to improve care delivery to Indigenous patients. Results indicated that bias in healthcare settings may masquerade as poor clinical care but is really founded in biased beliefs and healthcare delivery. Alternatively, when patients received good quality care, their healthcare outcomes improved. Further, effective healthcare incorporates culture, family, tribe, and community and addresses these aspects of health in both clinical and systemic settings. With some of the largest proportions of health disparities and bias experiences in the US, it is critical that healthcare delivered to Indigenous patients incorporate culturally safe care to regain dignity and improve health outcomes for this population.

Coaching wellness, health, and success: Leveraging the potential of Black male coaches to promote positive outcomes for Black K-12 students

ABSTRACTWhile there are low percentages of Black males as educators, psychologists, pediatricians, and psychiatrists, Black students are more likely to have a Black male athletic coach. Previous research on the role of Black male coaches has demonstrated that there are several positive outcomes (i.e., academics, social skills, and reducing misbehaviors to deter criminalization) when the racial identity of Black students is matched with a Black coach. Black male coaches are an understudied cultural asset to the Black community. Therefore, this article explores how Black male coaches can be used to accelerate the closure of the opportunity gap by promoting community wellness, health, and academic success for Black youth. The recommendations for policymakers, educators, and school mental health professionals were written in collaboration with a Black male teacher-coach who works in a predominately Black high school setting.

A Qualitative Exploration of the Experience of Child Feeding Among Ukrainian Refugee and Immigrant Mothers During Escape and Relocation

With the continued armed conflict impacting Ukrainian families, it is important to understand the influence of escape, displacement, and relocation on the disruption to daily life, particularly on young child feeding. A phenomenological study explored 16 refugee mothers' experiences and perceptions of feeding young children since the onset of the conflict and following relocation to America or Israel. Four themes were identified from the narratives: culturally-based perceptions of young child nutrition; breastfeeding during the conflict and relocation; challenges with accessing nutritious food during the conflict and relocation; and food adaptation on relocation. These findings deepen our understanding of the impact of culture on child-feeding beliefs and practices and can be used to develop a population-focused approach to formulate recommendations for health professionals in providing culturally relevant feeding education and support for refugee mothers and their children.

The Experience of Hearing Voices: Challenges and Coping Mechanisms

Auditory hallucinations or hearing voices are often associated with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. However, several voice-hearers do not have any mental health issues or diagnoses. The study presented in this paper aimed to explore how voice-hearers understand and react to their concerns by reflecting on and exploring their experiences and interpretations of these experiences. The participants were nine individuals - three females, four males and two others, all experiencing auditory hallucinations for at least five years, residing either at their home or at one of the Hostels run by Richmond Foundation (Malta). A qualitative approach following the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used. In-depth interviews were conducted to explore how the participants perceive their voices, what coping strategies are used, and how their experiences affect their lives. Four super-ordinate themes related to the participants’ perceptions and their interpretation of the experience of hearing voices were identified: ‘A tough experience’, ‘Methods used to cope with voices’, ‘Factors linked to recovery’ and ‘Relationships’. Furthermore, the study elicited the voice-hearers’ recommendations (both for other voice-hearers and mental health professionals).

Graphical User Interface Development for a Hospital-Based Predictive Risk Tool: Protocol for a Co-Design Study.

This co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify health professional recommendations for the graphical user interface (GUI) of an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled risk prediction tool. Driving the decision to include a co-design process is the belief that choices regarding the aesthetic and functionality of an intervention are best made by its intended users and that engaging these users in its design will promote the tool's adoption and use. The aim of this research is to identify health professional design and uptake recommendations for the GUI of an AI-enabled predictive risk tool. We will hold 3 research phases, each consisting of 2 workshops with health professionals, between mid-2023 and mid-2024. A total of 6 health professionals will be sought per workshop, resulting in a total enrollment of 36 health professionals at the conclusion of the research. A total of 7 workshop activities have been scheduled across the 3 workshops; these include context of use, notifiers, format, AI survey-Likert, prototype, AI survey-written, and testing. The first 6 of these activities will be repeated in each workshop to enable the iterative development and refinement of GUI. The last activity (testing) will be performed in the final workshop to examine health professionals' thoughts on the final GUI iteration. Qualitative and quantitative results data will be produced from tasks in each research activity. Qualitative data will be examined through inductive thematic analysis or deductive thematic analysis in accordance with the Nonadoption, Abandonment, and Challenges to the Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework; visual data will be examined in accordance with "framework of interactivity;" and quantitative data will be examined using descriptive statistics. Project registration with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry has been requested (#384098). Finalized design recommendations are expected in early to mid-2024, with a results manuscript to be submitted in mid-2024. This research method has human research ethics approval from the South Australian Department of Health and Wellbeing (#2022/HRE00131) as well as from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of South Australia (application ID#204143). Understanding whether an intervention is needed in a particular situation is just the start; designing an intervention so that it is used within that situation is paramount. This co-design process engages end users to create a GUI that includes the aesthetic and functional details they need in a manner that aligns with their existing work practices. Indeed, interventions that fail to do this may be disliked, and at worst, they may be dangerous. PRR1-10.2196/47717.